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[MUSIC]

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Hi everyone, my name is Patrick, and I'm a[br]web developer from Sydney.

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I've recently been looking into using[br]JavaScript to control devices such as

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Arduinos, the Elite Emotion, Ninja Blocks

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and hopefully very soon this, Pebble[br]watch.

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Today I'm gonna be going over the

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absolute basics of controlling an Arduino[br]using Node.

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We're gonna cover connecting up to a

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computer, getting Node to communicate with[br]the

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Arduino, and hopefully, by the very end,[br]blinking this LED light on and off.

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I'll be sticking to absolute basics here,[br]so we're

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not going to be doing anything too[br]advanced, hopefully.

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In future tutorials, I'll go over this and[br]it gets a little bit more complicated.

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But, for this one, we're gonna show you[br]how to get started.

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So, let's do that and get started.

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What is an Arduino?

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A lot of people have read the name online,[br]or they've heard it

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mentioned, but they've never actually seen[br]one in action, so this is it.

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It's a single board micro-controller[br]that's

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open source which basically means that you

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can control electronics using a platform[br]that anyone can build and tinker with.

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The people at Arduino are lovely enough to[br]have open sourced it, which

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means that anybody can make their own[br]Arduino boards that really want to.

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This one here, in particular, is the[br]Arduino Uno.

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It's one of a variety, of different models

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that the lovely people at Arduino have[br]released.

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You can have a whole range of components

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connected to it, too, like LED light[br]bulbs, sensors,

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and even shields, which are things you[br]kind of

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stack on top of Arduinos to add more[br]functionality.

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This one in particular is a MIDI, shield[br]which has

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the ability for, to play sounds, like a[br]MIDI Keyboard does.

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Node.js is a platform that takes

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JavaScripts, a scripting language most[br]commonly used

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for web pages, unless you're writing up[br]network applications such as web servers.

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We'll be using it today, to run a web[br]server that'll talk to our Aduino.

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If you haven't used Node.js before, get[br]started by

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heading over to Node.js.org, which I'm[br]showing on screen here.

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Click that Install button and get it[br]installed

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and running on your computer, so that[br]you'll

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be able to continue and follow along with[br]the example code that I'll be putting up.

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[BLANK_AUDIO]

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So why Node.js and Arduinos?

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Why link these two technologies together?

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Well, one of the strengths of JavaScript[br]is that there are quite a few APIs

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out there, which you can join in different[br]ways to make ideas come to life.

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Want to develop a robot that takes

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instructions from your Twitter followers,[br]or a

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coffee machine that makes you a different

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style of coffee, depending on the weather[br]outside?

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If you want to add a Leap Motion as an[br]input

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device, or feed in data from your Jawbone[br]or FitBit fitness products.

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The possibilities are going all the time.

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And JavaScript is becoming an easy to use[br]bridge between technologies,

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because we've got a whole bunch of APIs[br]we've got access to.

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And what is Johnny-Five?

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Johnny-Five, is one of those open APIs[br]that makes JavaScript such

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a valuable language to be developing this[br]sort of thing in.

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It allows you to control your Arduino[br]using

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very similar functions to those that you'd[br]use

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if you were programming it just using the

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Arduino platform that comes with the[br]Arduino itself.

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We'll be doing a lot of this stuff in the

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tutorial that it's explaining here, so[br]don't worry too much.

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But you can see, there's a lot of cool

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things that people have started to make[br]with it.

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Wireless Nodebot Kinnect controlled robot[br]arm, and LCD Running Man.

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So, you know, the possibilities get pretty[br]exciting.

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Okay, to get started we'll need to connect[br]our, our Arduino to our computer.

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So, we'll do this by connecting the USB[br]port to our Arduino.

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It serves as both the power to the[br]Arduino,

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and the way to upload software to our[br]Arduino.

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As you can see, once you plug it in,[br]you'll

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have the on lights flicker on, which is a[br]good sign.

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In this demo today, I'll be doing a really

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basic example of turning this LED light on[br]and off.

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I've already got the jumper leads in where[br]they should be.

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So if you need to pause this to be able to[br]follow along, feel free to

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pause it now, and put the jumper leads in,[br]in the way that I've got them.

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Connecting up the Arduino is pretty[br]simple.

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Connect up the green one here, to pin 13[br]on your Arduino.

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Then connect up the red one to the 5 volt[br]pin.

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And finally we connect up the black one,[br]to the ground pin.

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Doesn't really matter about colors, you[br]can

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use whatever color jumper wire you'd like.

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Now that that's all done, we're ready to[br]go into the software part

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of the tutorial with what code we've gotta[br]run, and where to talk to our Arduino.

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Node application is extremely simple.

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We've only got two files, an index[br]JavaScript file and a package Jason file.

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If you are new to Node the package Jason[br]file is what we use to provide any details

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about the application, and what other Node[br]modules are required for that application.

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So, to start with, I'll go over this[br]packaged

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up Jason file, and show you what's going[br]on.

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So, here we've got what the name of

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our application is in this case, Node in[br]Johnny-Five.

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Can name this whatever you'd like, totally[br]up to you, but keep it all to one word.

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It doesn't seem to like spaces.

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It'll start complaining at you, so[br]definitely stick to one word.

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We've got a version number.

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Once again, you can pretty much use any[br]version

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number you'd like, really, for simple[br]basic test applications.

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I've called it 0.0.1, because really this[br]application is very,

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very early stages and isn't going to be[br]doing too much.

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So, I'm keeping it at a very early[br]version.

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Then the very important thing, which will[br]definitely prevent

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our application working with Arduinos is[br]our dependency section here.

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This is where we say what other modules we[br]need,

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running and in our Node application for[br]this to work.

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So, we only need Johnny-Five, which is the[br]module I was showing earlier.

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And this here is the version.

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So, in this case, we want the latest[br]Johnny-Five version of that module.

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Basically, we're doing such simple stuff,[br]just basic turning

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an LED light on and off, not likely to[br]change.

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So, we're gonna assume that, in every[br]future version of

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Johnny-Five, it'll be compatible with what[br]we're gonna be doing here.

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So, there's no need to really be, specific[br]on which version we're wanting.

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Now we'll go on to the index JavaScript[br]file.

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Our index JavaScript file contains all

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of the functionality, but the node[br]application.

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So, this pretty much is our note[br]application

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in 19 lines, two of which are Console[br]logs.

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So, very, very small application here.

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I'll go through it step by step and

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explain what everything is and why it's[br]there.

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Firstly, we've got our five variable.

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Our five variable just requires the[br]Johnny-Five module.

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Once again, the reason that we've got it[br]here as well as in the package Jason file,

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is that we're assigning all of the[br]different objects and functionality.

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That we gain from the Johnny-Five module[br]into this five

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variable so we can access it throughout[br]the node application.

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An example of that is our next line here,[br]which is board.

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Our board variable, is creating a new[br]board

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object which is part of the Johnny-Five[br]module.

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So we're looking into the Johnny-Five[br]object here, that

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we've required here, and we're grabbing[br]the board object.

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Which is all the part of the Jonny-Five[br]module.

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We don't have to worry about any of this.

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We don't have to really create any of[br]this.

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It's all been there.

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Thanks to the geniuses who have come[br]before us.

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Next up, we are declaring a few more[br]variables that we use later on,

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so we are declaring the LED variable, and[br]we are declaring toggle state variable.

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I'll explain these a bit later on.

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[BLANK_AUDIO]

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To begin, look at this here actually.

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This is an important one because this is[br]what

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will come up first, when we run our[br]application.

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It's just a console log saying waiting for[br]device to connect.

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What that means is that, that will come up[br]first, as soon as the known application

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is starts up just to let us know that the[br]new application is at least running.

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But we don't know yet whether our Arduino[br]has

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connected up, and whether we can talk to[br]it.

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What then happens, is, using this baud[br]variable here that we created.

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Which is a Johnny-Five board object.

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We say, on ready, which means, when we've[br]got

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the event of ready fired from the board,[br]which means.

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The board's pretty faster, sends any sort[br]of commands and requests to it.

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We run this function right here, and this[br]function

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starts off with a console log saying board[br]ready.

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This will just let us know, if we're[br]watching the console while

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our node application is running, that the[br]board is ready to receive.

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Our request.

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It also is a good way to devote whether,[br]or not the board is connected properly.

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You are doing a board.

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Next up, we use this LED variable that we[br]declared earlier, and

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we create a new LED, once again part of[br]the Johnny-Five module.

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We're basically just letting it know that[br]we've got an LED.

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At pin 13 which is what we plugged into[br]earlier.

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Then we get to the JavaScript bit which[br]is, we're setting an interval using the

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JavaScript function which many of you[br]might

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be used to if you are JavaScript gurus.

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Basically set interval means that we're[br]gonna use this function here, toggle LED.

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Every 200 milliseconds, and you can play[br]around with this

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number if you'd like later on, just to[br]experiment, and change

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how often the LED light gonna toggle on[br]and off,

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but basically we're gonna say, run this[br]function every 200 milliseconds.

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What isn't that function well, the[br]function here has.

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Three lines and one life line which is[br]just there for user reading.

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Basically we use this variable here,[br]toggle state,

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which we set up earlier to be false.

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And each time toggle LED runs, will change[br]the value of

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toggle state from true to false or from[br]false to true.

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So, it basically just changes it the[br]opposite of what it was.

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Then, if total state is true, we turn our[br]LED light on, otherwise turn it off.

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So, basically, we keep changing toggle[br]state on and off, on and off,

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in turn, turning our LED light on and off[br]and on and off.

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[BLANK_AUDIO]

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You've.

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You're following this now and kind of,

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picturing the function running in your[br]head.

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If you'll notice there is nothing that[br]turns off

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this LED, so it will theoretically go on[br]forever continually

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turning on and off, on and off until we[br]either

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disconnect our Arduino or we turn off this[br]node application.

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And I'll be showing you how to do that to.

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Theoretically, you could also include some[br]other functionality, in the

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error to turn off the, Intel by clearing[br]Intel if you'd

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like to but in this tutorial to keep[br]things simple,

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we're just gonna give it to the basics I'm[br]showing you.

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This is how you can control the Arduino[br]from Node, and

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then you can add as much functionality as[br]you'd like to.

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On top of this and have a bit of fun.

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Now that we have those two files up there[br]and ready to run our Node application, we

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do have to make sure those dependencies we[br]mentioned, are there and available to run.

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So, what I've done is I've opened up a[br]tunnel, and I've gone to

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the same folder that we put those two[br]files in to prove that to you.

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I'll just show you there.

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So, you've got the index JavaScript file,[br]and our package JSON file.

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So.

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How you would usually run a node[br]application is just Node index.js.

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And we're gonna attempt to run it.

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And what we see here is that is says,[br]cannot find Module Johnny-Five.

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Which is fair enough.

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We've told it in the Index JavaScript[br]file.

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That there's gonna be a node module called[br]Johnny-Five and it's gone and looked for

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it and can't find and it is now very upset[br]at us for lying to it.

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So, we need to get it installed.

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To install it you can use an incredible[br]package manager called MPM.

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MPM just runs through your package.jason[br]file,

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and installs any dependencies that you've[br]got listed.

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If you don't have MPM on your machine just[br]do a

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quick Google search for MPM, and install[br]it on your computer.

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It's quite a simple process, so I won't[br]cover it here.

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So basically, once you've got MPM[br]installed, you type in MPM space install.

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And, it will go through looking through[br]our package Jason file.

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It also does a nice bunch of warning us,[br]saying we

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don't have a few of those that we could[br]have had.

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Description I think and a few other ones.

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So, basically, it's gone through and[br]installed

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our modules here so we've got all the

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Johnny-Five Modules, and all this other[br]stuff

0:14:11.680,0:14:14.790
that it deems necessary to run our[br]application.

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So now, I'm going

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to clear this, but before we run our[br]actual.

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Application we're gonna need to set up our[br]Arduino, so

0:14:26.850,0:14:30.760
that it's able to receive communication[br]from our Arduino application.

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To get this communication working between[br]our Arduino and the computer,

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we just need to upload a bit of code to[br]our Arduino.

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Arduino calls these bits of code sketches.

0:14:44.770,0:14:50.018
Which you upload and then install onto the[br]Arduino and then the Arduino knows

0:14:50.018,0:14:55.089
what it needs to do, In our case we don't[br]need the Arduino to do too much.

0:14:55.089,0:15:00.480
Most of our functionality is in Node, all[br]we need to do is install

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a bit of code to ensure it understands how[br]to communicate with the computer.

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First off, before we install it, if you[br]haven't used the Arduino software

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before, double check that your serial port[br]is pointing to the correct USB port.

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You might need to do a bit of trial, and[br]error with

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this one if you're not sure which USB port[br]is the correct one.

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But in my case, it was this TTY USB modem.

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Do a bit of trial and error to check which[br]will work

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if you are having any issues with[br]uploading your code to your Arduino.

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Definitely check that setting right there.

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I've also got the board set up to

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be Arduino set up to whichever board[br][INAUDIBLE].

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Then top load the sketch.

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We're going to go to file, examples.

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And then you'll have this on yours too

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Fermata, we want the standard Fermata,[br]sketch here, and

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this as it says here is a generic protocol

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for communicating with micro controls,[br]from software on computer.

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That is convenient, because that's exactly[br]what we want to do.

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We want to communicate from our notes[br]software

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to our micro control, which is our[br]Arduino.

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So, to upload this to our Arduino, make[br]sure you've

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got it plugged into your computer still,[br]and click upload.

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It'll compile the sketch.

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It'll upload it onto the Arduino.

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And then in a few seconds it should be[br]done.

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There we go.

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So, it's done uploading, which mean's[br]you've now got

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the standard Fermata software or a[br]standard Fermata sketch.

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On your Arduino, which means we're ready[br]now, to move on to the

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next very exciting bit of running our Node[br]code and communicating with that Arduino.

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We've got our two files set up.

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Our index JavaScript which has all the[br]code for our Node application.

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We've installed all our dependencies,[br]using MPM.

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We've also got our Arduino connected and

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running the standard Fermata, sketch code;[br]which means

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it's now ready to accept all commands that[br]will come to it from our computer.

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So, all that's left is to be in our[br]terminal

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and type in Node index.js, and when we run[br]this,

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we've got our, waiting for device to[br]connect, message along

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with a few messages that come from the[br]Johnny-Five Module.

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It's found our serial port, which is the

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USB port that we've got the Arduino[br]connected to.

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Your one might be very different to this.

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Doesn't really matter.

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The main important thing, is that our[br]console log

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that we set up, which said, board ready,[br]has appeared.

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And if you turn to face your LED light,[br]you'll see that it's now flashing.

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Which is lovely.

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It means that our code is working.

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We're sending our commands to the 13th[br]pin, telling

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it to turn an LED light on and off.

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And so it's turning on and off, and on and[br]off, on and off.

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Just as we requested it to.

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The only important question is how do you[br]get it to turn off?

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How do you stop it from constantly[br]running?

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This note application.

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If we go back to the terminal here, what[br]you've gotta do is just press Ctrl C and

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then Ctrl C again and it'll close the[br]board and it'll stop that light blinking.

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If you timed it correctly, the light'll be[br]off.

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If you time it slightly differently, the[br]light will stay on.

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And that's okay, really.

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It's not a big deal.

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If you want to completely turn it off, you[br]can just unplug the

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USB from the computer, and it will turn[br]off all power to your Arduino.

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It won't harm it in any way.

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It's just a quick way of getting it to.

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Stop doing what it was doing that you[br]really didn't want it to do.

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And that, my friends, is how you turn a[br]LED light on and off, and on and off

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in an infinite loop using node Johnny-Five[br]and Arduino.

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If you followed along, you should now have[br]an

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LED light, bending to your node[br]application as well.

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Good work.

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This is the basics.

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There's a lot more to do from here.

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If you've got any questions, or if there's[br]anything that

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I've missed, feel free to get in touch[br]with me.

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My name once again is Patrick Catanzariti.

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I am on Twitter at thatpatrickguy or I've[br]got a website Patcat.me.

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So, feel free to get in touch, if you make[br]anything really cool with Arduinos

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following up from this tutorial,[br]definitely get

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in touch as well, we'd love to see.

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Thanks for taking the time, to watch, and[br]I hope you learned something new.

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See you.

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