WEBVTT 00:00:01.920 --> 00:00:05.621 Very few foods say more about how we identify ourselves than beef. 00:00:05.621 --> 00:00:08.212 I'm talking hamburgers on the Fourth of July, 00:00:08.212 --> 00:00:09.973 ribeye on a fancy occasion, 00:00:09.973 --> 00:00:11.272 brisket for Rosh Hashanah, 00:00:11.272 --> 00:00:14.609 or honestly, refusing to eat beef altogether. 00:00:14.609 --> 00:00:18.310 These strong feelings might just be why people keep eating beef. 00:00:18.310 --> 00:00:21.285 Even as we learn more about how much it costs the environment, 00:00:21.285 --> 00:00:22.142 our health, 00:00:22.142 --> 00:00:23.683 or as we saw with the pandemic, 00:00:23.683 --> 00:00:26.407 our extremely fragile supply chains. NOTE Paragraph 00:00:26.407 --> 00:00:29.265 We traveled to Spain to meet people asking the questions 00:00:29.265 --> 00:00:32.438 that beef lovers all over the world are wondering-- NOTE Paragraph 00:00:32.708 --> 00:00:34.566 Where the hell do we go from here? NOTE Paragraph 00:00:34.791 --> 00:00:37.290 TABLE STEAKS NOTE Paragraph 00:00:44.067 --> 00:00:46.273 line:1 (Carla) It's your turn for spa day. NOTE Paragraph 00:00:46.273 --> 00:00:47.336 line:1 (José) Exactly. NOTE Paragraph 00:00:48.580 --> 00:00:49.580 line:1 This... NOTE Paragraph 00:00:49.864 --> 00:00:52.025 line:1 Look at how he is. NOTE Paragraph 00:00:52.044 --> 00:00:54.108 line:1 He was nervous and now he's... NOTE Paragraph 00:00:54.787 --> 00:00:55.900 line:1 relaxed. NOTE Paragraph 00:00:56.116 --> 00:00:58.148 line:1 They love it, you know? 00:00:58.148 --> 00:01:01.660 line:1 And it also makes the fat 00:01:01.660 --> 00:01:03.959 line:1 that is under their skin 00:01:04.509 --> 00:01:06.104 line:1 turn to muscle. NOTE Paragraph 00:01:06.396 --> 00:01:07.873 You like that, uh? 00:01:07.873 --> 00:01:09.231 Free massage. NOTE Paragraph 00:01:10.319 --> 00:01:12.794 (Carla) Here, on the plains of northern Spain, 00:01:12.794 --> 00:01:16.855 José Gordon is raising 300 very happy cattle. NOTE Paragraph 00:01:17.035 --> 00:01:18.209 line:1 (Carla) I can't reach. NOTE Paragraph 00:01:18.209 --> 00:01:19.303 line:1 Thanks. NOTE Paragraph 00:01:20.121 --> 00:01:22.278 They spend their days roaming freely 00:01:22.278 --> 00:01:25.068 and feasting on a special diet of grass, 00:01:25.068 --> 00:01:25.949 acorns, 00:01:25.949 --> 00:01:27.384 and local grains. NOTE Paragraph 00:01:27.871 --> 00:01:29.979 line:1 Let them come and eat from your hand. NOTE Paragraph 00:01:29.979 --> 00:01:31.207 line:1 - Whoa. - Don't be scared. NOTE Paragraph 00:01:31.207 --> 00:01:32.508 line:1 Yeah, it's coming, it's coming. NOTE Paragraph 00:01:32.508 --> 00:01:33.758 line:1 - Don't be afraid. - Like this? NOTE Paragraph 00:01:33.758 --> 00:01:34.657 line:1 Yeah. NOTE Paragraph 00:01:34.657 --> 00:01:35.991 That's a little salad. 00:01:41.187 --> 00:01:43.287 Gordon's herd go on to become beef 00:01:43.287 --> 00:01:45.787 that many consider to be the best in the world. 00:01:46.625 --> 00:01:49.928 Most cattle are slaughtered at age one or two. 00:01:49.928 --> 00:01:53.253 Gordon waits until his are sometimes as old as 20. 00:01:54.703 --> 00:01:56.021 line:1 (Carla) With these animals, 00:01:56.021 --> 00:01:58.350 line:1 it must be hard to slaughter them. NOTE Paragraph 00:01:58.350 --> 00:02:00.096 line:1 Yes, it's very tough. NOTE Paragraph 00:02:00.096 --> 00:02:01.309 line:1 On the other hand, 00:02:01.309 --> 00:02:04.820 line:1 what you're creating is a very special energy, right? NOTE Paragraph 00:02:05.373 --> 00:02:07.143 (Carla) The care Gordon gives his herd 00:02:07.143 --> 00:02:10.145 is nothing like the treatment they receive at factory farms. 00:02:12.209 --> 00:02:14.477 But growing International demand for beef, 00:02:14.477 --> 00:02:16.880 especially cheap options, 00:02:16.880 --> 00:02:19.120 has made industrial methods the norm 00:02:19.120 --> 00:02:23.659 while also driving the market to be worth more than 300 billion dollars. NOTE Paragraph 00:02:24.575 --> 00:02:26.453 And it's come at another cost. 00:02:26.453 --> 00:02:28.662 Beef is estimated to be responsible 00:02:28.662 --> 00:02:32.479 for more than 15% percent of the world's total carbon emissions. NOTE Paragraph 00:02:34.979 --> 00:02:39.325 In the Amazon, cattle farming is the leading cause of deforestation. NOTE Paragraph 00:02:44.952 --> 00:02:48.489 line:1 (Carla) What do you think is the future of the meat industry? NOTE Paragraph 00:02:48.489 --> 00:02:51.035 line:1 (Gordon) I think that for the meat industry's future, 00:02:51.035 --> 00:02:57.352 line:1 we must realize that we have to produce quality meat. 00:02:57.352 --> 00:03:01.444 line:1 I think the meat world has to take a turn 00:03:01.444 --> 00:03:03.496 line:1 and start being more conscientious. NOTE Paragraph 00:03:08.043 --> 00:03:09.970 (Carla) For many people around the world 00:03:09.970 --> 00:03:11.997 learning more about what's on their plate 00:03:11.997 --> 00:03:13.289 and how it got there, 00:03:13.289 --> 00:03:15.565 raises a question about the future of meat-- 00:03:16.163 --> 00:03:18.695 Should it not include meat at all? NOTE Paragraph 00:03:19.665 --> 00:03:24.356 NOVAMEAT is a start-up banking on people searching for alternatives. 00:03:24.356 --> 00:03:28.521 The Barcelona-based company is producing steaks through 3D printing, 00:03:28.521 --> 00:03:31.020 a method that's completely animal-free, 00:03:31.020 --> 00:03:35.634 and designed to simulate the taste and texture of the real thing. NOTE Paragraph 00:03:36.772 --> 00:03:38.662 Wow, it's amazing. 00:03:39.201 --> 00:03:42.061 How long does it take to print a whole steak? NOTE Paragraph 00:03:42.061 --> 00:03:43.022 Depends on the size. 00:03:43.022 --> 00:03:44.803 This one is about 40 minutes. NOTE Paragraph 00:03:46.298 --> 00:03:49.563 What are the exact ingredients that go into it? NOTE Paragraph 00:03:49.563 --> 00:03:53.540 In this one, you have around 65-70% of water; 00:03:53.540 --> 00:03:56.238 in terms of protein, you have around 25%. 00:03:56.238 --> 00:03:59.199 It's a mixture of yellow pea protein, rice protein, 00:03:59.199 --> 00:04:00.529 and then we have some oils. NOTE Paragraph 00:04:01.139 --> 00:04:02.058 So, as you can see, 00:04:02.058 --> 00:04:05.158 the big advantage is that you can get the texture of a piece of meat, 00:04:05.158 --> 00:04:08.725 and it's surprising because it's composed by all plant-based ingredients. NOTE Paragraph 00:04:08.725 --> 00:04:12.158 I got to say, this looks a bit like chewing gum, 00:04:12.158 --> 00:04:17.335 but I can see that the end result is quite different as the look-like meat. NOTE Paragraph 00:04:17.335 --> 00:04:20.029 Can you imagine a future without meat? NOTE Paragraph 00:04:20.029 --> 00:04:22.397 Actually, the future of meat 00:04:22.397 --> 00:04:24.028 will be composed not only of meat, 00:04:24.028 --> 00:04:25.399 but of alternatives to meat. 00:04:25.399 --> 00:04:27.970 It doesn't need to be eating, you know, pills, 00:04:27.970 --> 00:04:29.917 as what we've seen in some movies. NOTE Paragraph 00:04:37.695 --> 00:04:41.725 One place that's porting NOVAMEAT's vision is the restaurant Disfrutar. 00:04:43.169 --> 00:04:46.684 It was named one of the top ten restaurants in the world last year (2021) 00:04:47.484 --> 00:04:52.032 and is led by three chefs who like to experiment in their creative lab. NOTE Paragraph 00:04:52.032 --> 00:04:55.437 line:1 (Eduard) This week, we've been trying the "meat" 00:04:55.437 --> 00:04:59.929 line:1 and we've again noted that it's important to cook it 00:04:59.929 --> 00:05:01.895 line:1 with good virgin olive oil. NOTE Paragraph 00:05:04.389 --> 00:05:06.313 Okay, this is the moment of truth. 00:05:06.313 --> 00:05:10.010 We've just cooked three different meats, and I'm about to try one. NOTE Paragraph 00:05:12.596 --> 00:05:13.814 Very exciting. NOTE Paragraph 00:05:17.520 --> 00:05:18.425 Mmm... 00:05:19.945 --> 00:05:20.683 I like it. NOTE Paragraph 00:05:21.023 --> 00:05:24.831 I don't think I was expecting it to be so similar to meat as it is. NOTE Paragraph 00:05:24.831 --> 00:05:27.852 line:1 (Mateu) It actually tastes much better now cooked. 00:05:27.852 --> 00:05:29.564 line:1 than when we tried it raw. NOTE Paragraph 00:05:29.564 --> 00:05:32.811 Obviously, it doesn't taste like a steak, but it's really close. NOTE Paragraph 00:05:40.470 --> 00:05:43.162 (Carla) José Gordon's restaurant, much like his farm, 00:05:43.162 --> 00:05:45.432 remains rooted in tradition. 00:05:45.432 --> 00:05:49.058 But tradition is exactly where he thinks he'll find the future of meat. NOTE Paragraph 00:05:50.216 --> 00:05:54.477 line:1 (José) This fat has accumulated slowly for a long time. 00:05:54.976 --> 00:05:57.780 line:1 They are a by-product of well-being, of good care. 00:05:57.780 --> 00:05:58.979 line:1 Of a good life. NOTE Paragraph 00:05:59.216 --> 00:05:59.930 Wow. 00:06:00.353 --> 00:06:02.326 line:1 Just to enjoy this moment. NOTE Paragraph 00:06:03.394 --> 00:06:04.294 line:1 Such pressure! NOTE Paragraph 00:06:11.830 --> 00:06:13.200 line:1 This is so delicious! 00:06:13.738 --> 00:06:15.710 line:1 The best of my life. NOTE Paragraph 00:06:17.567 --> 00:06:22.980 line:1 What do you think of people trying to produce vegetable meat? NOTE Paragraph 00:06:23.377 --> 00:06:27.625 line:1 (José) When we twist authenticity a little bit-- 00:06:27.625 --> 00:06:29.069 line:1 what the essence is, 00:06:29.069 --> 00:06:30.699 line:1 the origin, 00:06:30.699 --> 00:06:32.314 line:1 the past, all this-- 00:06:33.558 --> 00:06:35.920 line:1 for me, this is painful. 00:06:35.920 --> 00:06:38.283 line:1 I think we must have respect. NOTE Paragraph 00:06:38.613 --> 00:06:42.226 line:1 Maybe those alternatives are sustainable. NOTE Paragraph 00:06:43.463 --> 00:06:48.126 line:1 (José) Well, I think that blaming the cows now 00:06:48.126 --> 00:06:51.258 line:1 for the problems of the world is quite bold. 00:06:51.258 --> 00:06:53.965 line:1 I think before we'd have to solve 00:06:53.965 --> 00:06:55.965 line:1 things that are much more important. NOTE Paragraph 00:06:59.855 --> 00:07:05.144 line:1 I'd prefer that with myself, that my death made some sense. 00:07:05.544 --> 00:07:07.400 line:1 That is gave someone enjoyment. 00:07:08.796 --> 00:07:11.316 line:1 This is what this animal does.