1
00:00:01,106 --> 00:00:05,212
I come to you today
to speak of liars,

2
00:00:05,212 --> 00:00:06,705
lawsuits

3
00:00:06,705 --> 00:00:08,595
and laughter.

4
00:00:09,045 --> 00:00:12,178
The first time I heard
about Holocaust denial,

5
00:00:12,178 --> 00:00:13,480
I laughed.

6
00:00:14,097 --> 00:00:16,018
Holocaust denial?

7
00:00:16,370 --> 00:00:19,823
The Holocaust which has
the dubious distinction

8
00:00:19,823 --> 00:00:24,318
of being the best-documented
genocide in the world?

9
00:00:25,046 --> 00:00:27,373
Who could believe it didn't happen?

10
00:00:28,225 --> 00:00:29,902
Think about it.

11
00:00:30,289 --> 00:00:32,851
For deniers to be right,

12
00:00:32,851 --> 00:00:35,026
who would have to be wrong?

13
00:00:35,260 --> 00:00:37,220
Well, first of all --

14
00:00:37,220 --> 00:00:38,132
the victims,

15
00:00:38,132 --> 00:00:42,738
the survivors who have told us
their harrowing stories.

16
00:00:43,761 --> 00:00:45,983
Who else would have to be wrong?

17
00:00:46,251 --> 00:00:48,051
The bystanders.

18
00:00:48,305 --> 00:00:52,306
The people who lived in the myriads
of towns and villages and cities

19
00:00:52,306 --> 00:00:54,301
on the Eastern front,

20
00:00:54,301 --> 00:00:56,766
who watched their neighbors
be rounded up --

21
00:00:56,766 --> 00:01:00,002
men, women, children, young, old --

22
00:01:00,002 --> 00:01:02,677
and be marched
to the outskirts of the town

23
00:01:02,677 --> 00:01:05,973
to be shot and left dead in ditches.

24
00:01:06,271 --> 00:01:07,701
Or the Poles,

25
00:01:07,701 --> 00:01:12,121
who lived in towns and villages
around the death camps,

26
00:01:12,266 --> 00:01:14,516
who watched day after day

27
00:01:14,665 --> 00:01:17,460
as the trains went in filled with people

28
00:01:17,638 --> 00:01:18,996
and came out empty.

29
00:01:19,867 --> 00:01:21,585
But above all,

30
00:01:21,771 --> 00:01:23,701
who would have to be wrong?

31
00:01:24,227 --> 00:01:25,897
The perpetrators.

32
00:01:26,335 --> 00:01:29,667
The people who say, "We did it.

33
00:01:29,784 --> 00:01:31,216
I did it."

34
00:01:31,398 --> 00:01:33,414
Now maybe they add a caveat --

35
00:01:33,570 --> 00:01:36,140
they say, "I didn't have a choice,

36
00:01:36,304 --> 00:01:37,993
I was forced to do it."

37
00:01:38,303 --> 00:01:41,565
But nonetheless, they say, "I did it."

38
00:01:42,081 --> 00:01:43,546
Think about it.

39
00:01:43,765 --> 00:01:49,611
In not one war crimes trial
since the end of World War II

40
00:01:49,611 --> 00:01:56,163
has a perpetrator of any nationality
ever said, "It didn't happen."

41
00:01:57,301 --> 00:02:01,540
Again, they may have said, "I was forced,"
but never that it didn't happen.

42
00:02:01,883 --> 00:02:03,380
Having thought that through,

43
00:02:03,380 --> 00:02:07,354
I decided denial was not
going to be on my agenda;

44
00:02:07,354 --> 00:02:09,088
I had bigger things to worry about,

45
00:02:09,088 --> 00:02:10,091
to write about,

46
00:02:10,091 --> 00:02:11,115
to research,

47
00:02:11,118 --> 00:02:12,714
and I moved on.

48
00:02:13,157 --> 00:02:16,052
Fast forward a little over a decade,

49
00:02:16,052 --> 00:02:17,789
and two senior scholars --

50
00:02:17,789 --> 00:02:19,072
scholars of the Holocaust,

51
00:02:19,072 --> 00:02:21,760
two of the most prominent
historians of the Holocaust --

52
00:02:21,760 --> 00:02:22,878
approached me and said,

53
00:02:22,878 --> 00:02:24,250
"Deborah, let's have coffee.

54
00:02:24,250 --> 00:02:27,628
We have a research idea
that we think is perfect for you."

55
00:02:27,628 --> 00:02:31,484
Intrigued and flattered that they
came to me with an idea

56
00:02:31,484 --> 00:02:33,249
and thought me worthy of it,

57
00:02:33,249 --> 00:02:35,848
I asked, "What is it?"

58
00:02:35,848 --> 00:02:39,040
and they said, "Holocaust denial."

59
00:02:39,528 --> 00:02:42,155
And for the second time, I laughed.

60
00:02:42,471 --> 00:02:44,125
Holocaust denial?

61
00:02:44,418 --> 00:02:46,285
The flat Earth folks?

62
00:02:46,548 --> 00:02:48,416
The Elvis is alive people?

63
00:02:48,646 --> 00:02:51,054
I should study them?

64
00:02:51,437 --> 00:02:52,777
And these two guys said,

65
00:02:52,777 --> 00:02:55,290
"Yeah, we're intrigued.

66
00:02:55,290 --> 00:02:56,885
What are they about?

67
00:02:56,885 --> 00:02:58,501
What's their objective?

68
00:02:58,501 --> 00:03:02,567
How do they manage to get people
to believe what they say?"

69
00:03:02,891 --> 00:03:06,552
So thinking, if they thought
it was worthwhile,

70
00:03:06,552 --> 00:03:09,770
I would take a momentary diversion --

71
00:03:09,770 --> 00:03:10,951
maybe a year,

72
00:03:10,951 --> 00:03:12,829
maybe two, three, maybe even four --

73
00:03:12,829 --> 00:03:15,221
in academic terms, that's momentary.

74
00:03:15,221 --> 00:03:16,386
(Laughter)

75
00:03:16,386 --> 00:03:18,796
We work very slowly.

76
00:03:18,796 --> 00:03:19,797
(Laughter)

77
00:03:20,217 --> 00:03:22,147
And I would look at them.

78
00:03:22,147 --> 00:03:23,205
So I did.

79
00:03:23,413 --> 00:03:26,275
I did my research and I came up
with a number of things,

80
00:03:26,275 --> 00:03:28,635
two of which I'd like to share
with you today.

81
00:03:28,839 --> 00:03:30,270
One:

82
00:03:30,270 --> 00:03:35,547
deniers are wolves in sheep's clothing.

83
00:03:35,919 --> 00:03:38,907
They are the same nazis, neo-Nazis --

84
00:03:38,907 --> 00:03:42,134
you can decide whether you want
to put a "neo" there or not.

85
00:03:42,922 --> 00:03:45,459
But when I looked at them,

86
00:03:45,459 --> 00:03:49,983
I didn't see any SS-like uniforms,

87
00:03:49,983 --> 00:03:53,157
swastika-like symbols on the wall,

88
00:03:53,157 --> 00:03:55,440
Sieg heil salutes --

89
00:03:55,440 --> 00:03:56,836
none of that.

90
00:03:56,836 --> 00:03:59,868
What I found instead

91
00:03:59,868 --> 00:04:04,483
were people parading
as respectable academics.

92
00:04:05,043 --> 00:04:06,431
What did they have?

93
00:04:06,431 --> 00:04:08,068
They had an institute.

94
00:04:08,068 --> 00:04:11,776
An institute for historical review.

95
00:04:12,519 --> 00:04:13,886
They had a journal --

96
00:04:13,886 --> 00:04:15,190
a slick journal --

97
00:04:15,190 --> 00:04:18,305
a journal of historical review.

98
00:04:18,557 --> 00:04:21,128
One filled with papers --

99
00:04:21,128 --> 00:04:23,390
footnote-laden papers.

100
00:04:23,963 --> 00:04:26,123
And they had a new name.

101
00:04:26,596 --> 00:04:28,954
Not neo-Nazis,

102
00:04:28,954 --> 00:04:31,528
not anti-Semites --

103
00:04:31,528 --> 00:04:32,930
revisionists.

104
00:04:33,150 --> 00:04:35,388
They said, "We are revisionists.

105
00:04:35,388 --> 00:04:38,227
We are out to do one thing:

106
00:04:38,227 --> 00:04:42,050
to revise mistakes in history."

107
00:04:42,504 --> 00:04:48,026
But all you had to do was go
one inch below the surface,

108
00:04:48,026 --> 00:04:49,798
and what did you find there?

109
00:04:49,956 --> 00:04:52,351
The same adulation of Hitler,

110
00:04:52,351 --> 00:04:54,458
praise of the Third Reich,

111
00:04:54,458 --> 00:04:57,168
anti-Semitism, racism, prejudice.

112
00:04:57,946 --> 00:04:59,842
This is what intrigued me.

113
00:05:00,208 --> 00:05:07,438
It was anti-Semitism, racism, prejudice
parading as rational discourse.

114
00:05:08,810 --> 00:05:10,578
The other thing I found --

115
00:05:10,578 --> 00:05:14,300
many of us have been taught to think
there are facts and there are opinions --

116
00:05:14,300 --> 00:05:15,779
after studying deniers,

117
00:05:15,779 --> 00:05:17,487
I think differently.

118
00:05:17,668 --> 00:05:19,339
There are facts,

119
00:05:19,339 --> 00:05:21,124
there are opinions,

120
00:05:21,124 --> 00:05:23,135
and there are lies.

121
00:05:23,388 --> 00:05:28,716
And what deniers want to do
is take their lies,

122
00:05:28,716 --> 00:05:30,591
dress them up as opinions --

123
00:05:30,591 --> 00:05:32,604
maybe edgy opinions,

124
00:05:32,604 --> 00:05:35,247
maybe sort of out-of-the-box opinions --

125
00:05:35,247 --> 00:05:36,654
but then if they're opinions,

126
00:05:36,654 --> 00:05:38,809
they should be part of the conversation.

127
00:05:38,809 --> 00:05:42,457
And then they encroach on the facts.

128
00:05:43,425 --> 00:05:45,011
I published my work --

129
00:05:45,011 --> 00:05:46,208
the book was published,

130
00:05:46,208 --> 00:05:49,745
"Denying the Holocaust: The Growing
Assault on Truth and Memory,"

131
00:05:49,745 --> 00:05:51,724
it came out in many different countries,

132
00:05:51,724 --> 00:05:54,014
including here and Penguin UK,

133
00:05:54,018 --> 00:05:57,643
and I was done with those folks
and ready to move on.

134
00:05:58,386 --> 00:06:02,673
Then came the letter
from Penguin UK,

135
00:06:02,673 --> 00:06:07,454
and for the third time, I laughed ...

136
00:06:07,454 --> 00:06:08,694
mistakenly.

137
00:06:09,131 --> 00:06:10,877
I opened the letter,

138
00:06:10,877 --> 00:06:16,788
and it informed me that David Irving
was bringing a libel suit against me

139
00:06:16,788 --> 00:06:18,408
in the United Kingdom

140
00:06:18,408 --> 00:06:21,699
for calling him a Holocaust denier.

141
00:06:22,025 --> 00:06:23,982
David Irving suing me?

142
00:06:23,982 --> 00:06:25,352
Who was David Irving?

143
00:06:25,352 --> 00:06:27,982
David Irving was a writer
of historical works,

144
00:06:27,982 --> 00:06:30,028
most of them about World War II,

145
00:06:30,028 --> 00:06:33,270
and virtually all of those works
took the position

146
00:06:33,270 --> 00:06:36,871
that the nazis were really not so bad,

147
00:06:36,871 --> 00:06:39,883
and the allies were really not so good,

148
00:06:39,883 --> 00:06:40,877
and the Jews,

149
00:06:40,877 --> 00:06:42,153
whatever happened to them,

150
00:06:42,153 --> 00:06:43,835
they sort of deserved it.

151
00:06:44,357 --> 00:06:45,871
He knew the documents,

152
00:06:45,871 --> 00:06:47,416
he knew the facts,

153
00:06:47,416 --> 00:06:50,814
but he somehow twisted them
to get this opinion.

154
00:06:51,048 --> 00:06:53,721
He hadn't always been a Holocaust denier,

155
00:06:53,721 --> 00:06:55,566
but in the late '80s,

156
00:06:55,566 --> 00:06:58,621
he embraced it with great vigor.

157
00:06:59,811 --> 00:07:03,534
The reason I laughed also
was this was a man

158
00:07:03,534 --> 00:07:05,491
who not only was a Holocaust denier,

159
00:07:05,491 --> 00:07:07,056
but seemed quite proud of it.

160
00:07:07,299 --> 00:07:08,302
Here was a man --

161
00:07:08,302 --> 00:07:09,295
and I a quote --

162
00:07:09,295 --> 00:07:12,564
who said, "I'm going to sink
the battleship Auschwitz."

163
00:07:13,568 --> 00:07:18,019
Here was a man who pointed
to the number tattooed on a survivor's arm

164
00:07:18,019 --> 00:07:21,517
and said, "How much money have you made

165
00:07:21,517 --> 00:07:25,630
from having that number
tattooed on your arm?"

166
00:07:25,804 --> 00:07:27,735
Here was a man who said,

167
00:07:27,735 --> 00:07:32,050
"More people died in Senator Kennedy's
car at Chappaquiddick

168
00:07:32,050 --> 00:07:35,318
than died in gas chambers at Auschwitz."

169
00:07:35,318 --> 00:07:36,718
That's an American reference,

170
00:07:36,718 --> 00:07:38,140
but you can look it up.

171
00:07:39,534 --> 00:07:42,571
This was not a man who seemed
at all ashamed or reticent

172
00:07:42,571 --> 00:07:44,827
about being a Holocaust denier.

173
00:07:45,247 --> 00:07:49,161
Now, lots of my academic
colleagues counseled me --

174
00:07:49,161 --> 00:07:51,090
"Eh, Deborah, just ignore it."

175
00:07:51,090 --> 00:07:54,777
When I explained you can't
just ignore a libel suit,

176
00:07:54,777 --> 00:07:57,657
they said, "Who's gonna
believe him anyway?"

177
00:07:57,910 --> 00:07:59,765
But here was the problem.

178
00:08:00,013 --> 00:08:02,653
British law put the onus --

179
00:08:02,653 --> 00:08:05,478
put the burden of proof on me

180
00:08:05,478 --> 00:08:08,212
to prove the truth of what I said,

181
00:08:08,212 --> 00:08:10,871
in contrast to as it would have
been in the United States

182
00:08:10,871 --> 00:08:12,498
and in many other countries,

183
00:08:12,498 --> 00:08:15,747
on him to prove the falsehood.

184
00:08:16,017 --> 00:08:17,658
What did that mean?

185
00:08:17,658 --> 00:08:20,965
That meant if I didn't fight,

186
00:08:20,965 --> 00:08:23,681
he would win by default.

187
00:08:23,998 --> 00:08:25,841
And if he won by default,

188
00:08:25,841 --> 00:08:28,505
he could then legitimately say,

189
00:08:28,505 --> 00:08:33,504
"My David Irving version of the Holocaust
is a legitimate version.

190
00:08:33,683 --> 00:08:35,774
Deborah Lipstadt was found
to have libeled me

191
00:08:35,774 --> 00:08:37,854
when she called me a Holocaust denier,

192
00:08:37,854 --> 00:08:42,062
ipso facto, I David Irving, am not
a Holocaust denier."

193
00:08:42,305 --> 00:08:44,207
And what is that version?

194
00:08:44,614 --> 00:08:47,633
There was no plan to murder the Jews,

195
00:08:47,633 --> 00:08:49,708
there were no gas chambers,

196
00:08:49,708 --> 00:08:51,587
there were no mass shootings,

197
00:08:51,587 --> 00:08:54,781
Hitler had nothing to do with any
suffering that went on,

198
00:08:54,781 --> 00:08:58,609
and the Jews have made this all up

199
00:08:58,609 --> 00:09:00,879
to get money from Germany

200
00:09:00,879 --> 00:09:02,915
and to get a state,

201
00:09:02,915 --> 00:09:06,315
and they've done it with the aid
and [abetence] of the allies --

202
00:09:06,315 --> 00:09:09,780
they've planted the documents
and planted the evidence.

203
00:09:10,580 --> 00:09:15,974
I couldn't let that stand
and ever face a survivor ...

204
00:09:15,974 --> 00:09:17,972
or a child of survivors.

205
00:09:17,972 --> 00:09:20,088
I couldn't let that stand

206
00:09:20,088 --> 00:09:24,575
and consider myself
a responsible historian.

207
00:09:25,315 --> 00:09:27,083
So we fought,

208
00:09:27,083 --> 00:09:29,322
and for those of you
who haven't seen "Denial,"

209
00:09:29,322 --> 00:09:30,543
spoiler alert --

210
00:09:30,543 --> 00:09:31,784
we won.

211
00:09:31,784 --> 00:09:33,102
(Laughter)

212
00:09:33,102 --> 00:09:35,669
(Applause)

213
00:09:40,274 --> 00:09:47,744
The judge found David Irving to be a liar,

214
00:09:47,744 --> 00:09:48,761
a racist,

215
00:09:48,761 --> 00:09:50,318
an anti-Semite.

216
00:09:50,318 --> 00:09:52,701
His view of history was [tendentious],

217
00:09:52,701 --> 00:09:54,650
he lied, he distorted,

218
00:09:54,650 --> 00:09:57,316
and most importantly,

219
00:09:57,316 --> 00:09:59,271
he did it deliberately.

220
00:09:59,452 --> 00:10:01,048
We showed a pattern,

221
00:10:01,048 --> 00:10:03,557
and over 25 different major instances --

222
00:10:03,557 --> 00:10:04,656
not small things,

223
00:10:04,656 --> 00:10:06,564
many of us in the audience write books,

224
00:10:06,565 --> 00:10:07,780
are writing books --

225
00:10:07,780 --> 00:10:09,316
we always make mistakes,

226
00:10:09,316 --> 00:10:11,406
that's why we're glad
to have second editions --

227
00:10:11,406 --> 00:10:12,483
correct the mistakes.

228
00:10:12,483 --> 00:10:13,788
(Laughter)

229
00:10:14,698 --> 00:10:18,777
But these always moved
in the same direction:

230
00:10:18,777 --> 00:10:21,011
blame the Jews,

231
00:10:21,011 --> 00:10:23,587
exonerate the nazis.

232
00:10:23,852 --> 00:10:25,778
But how did we win?

233
00:10:26,379 --> 00:10:31,759
What we did is follow his footnotes
back to his sources.

234
00:10:32,254 --> 00:10:33,975
And what did we find?

235
00:10:34,156 --> 00:10:35,658
Not in most cases,

236
00:10:35,658 --> 00:10:37,477
and not in the preponderance of cases,

237
00:10:37,477 --> 00:10:39,216
but in every single instance

238
00:10:39,216 --> 00:10:41,999
where he made some
reference to the Holocaust,

239
00:10:41,999 --> 00:10:46,264
that his supposed evidence was disorted,

240
00:10:46,264 --> 00:10:47,707
half-truth,

241
00:10:47,707 --> 00:10:49,064
date-changed,

242
00:10:49,064 --> 00:10:51,274
sequence-changed,

243
00:10:51,274 --> 00:10:53,343
someone put in a meeting
who wasn't there.

244
00:10:53,343 --> 00:10:54,359
In other words,

245
00:10:54,359 --> 00:10:56,039
he didn't have the evidence.

246
00:10:56,039 --> 00:10:58,150
His evidence didn't prove it.

247
00:10:58,399 --> 00:11:01,427
We didn't prove what happened.

248
00:11:01,676 --> 00:11:04,315
We proved that what he said happened --

249
00:11:04,315 --> 00:11:05,997
and by extension all deniers

250
00:11:05,997 --> 00:11:09,810
because he either quotes them
or they get their arguments from him --

251
00:11:09,810 --> 00:11:10,866
is not true.

252
00:11:11,079 --> 00:11:12,291
What they claim --

253
00:11:12,291 --> 00:11:15,476
they don't have the evidence to prove it.

254
00:11:16,826 --> 00:11:22,961
So why is my story more than just
the story of a quirky, long,

255
00:11:22,961 --> 00:11:25,280
six-year difficult lawsuit?

256
00:11:25,280 --> 00:11:30,457
An American professor being dragged
into a court room

257
00:11:30,457 --> 00:11:33,524
by a man that the court declared
in its judgement

258
00:11:33,524 --> 00:11:35,619
was a neo-nazi polemicist.

259
00:11:35,748 --> 00:11:37,672
What message does it have?

260
00:11:38,022 --> 00:11:41,018
I think in the context
of the question of truth,

261
00:11:41,018 --> 00:11:43,218
it has a very significant message.

262
00:11:43,503 --> 00:11:45,311
Because today,

263
00:11:45,311 --> 00:11:47,000
as we well know,

264
00:11:47,000 --> 00:11:51,383
truth and facts are under assault.

265
00:11:51,814 --> 00:11:55,089
Social media, for all
the gifts it has given us,

266
00:11:55,089 --> 00:11:58,845
has also allowed the difference
between facts --

267
00:11:58,845 --> 00:12:00,852
established facts --

268
00:12:00,852 --> 00:12:04,653
and lies to be flattened.

269
00:12:04,990 --> 00:12:06,806
Third of all,

270
00:12:06,806 --> 00:12:08,277
extremism.

271
00:12:08,988 --> 00:12:12,763
You made not see Ku Klux Klan robes,

272
00:12:12,763 --> 00:12:14,920
you may not see burning crosses,

273
00:12:14,920 --> 00:12:19,210
you may not even hear
outright white supremacist language.

274
00:12:19,210 --> 00:12:21,287
It may go by names, "alt-right,

275
00:12:21,287 --> 00:12:22,693
National Front" --

276
00:12:22,693 --> 00:12:24,089
pick you names --

277
00:12:24,089 --> 00:12:29,947
but underneath it's that same extremism
that I found in Holocaust denial

278
00:12:29,947 --> 00:12:33,540
parading as rational discourse.

279
00:12:35,365 --> 00:12:40,344
We live in an age where truth
is on the defensive.

280
00:12:40,605 --> 00:12:43,112
I'm reminded of a New Yorker cartoon.

281
00:12:43,112 --> 00:12:45,555
A quiz show recently appeared
in the New Yorker

282
00:12:45,555 --> 00:12:48,756
where the host of the quiz show
is saying to one of the contestants,

283
00:12:48,756 --> 00:12:51,228
"Yes, mam, you had the right answer,

284
00:12:51,228 --> 00:12:53,602
but your opponent yelled
more loudly than you did,

285
00:12:53,602 --> 00:12:55,127
so he gets the point."

286
00:12:56,419 --> 00:12:58,264
What can we do?

287
00:12:58,661 --> 00:13:00,202
First of all,

288
00:13:00,202 --> 00:13:05,428
we cannot be beguiled
by rational appearances.

289
00:13:05,627 --> 00:13:07,419
We've got to look underneath,

290
00:13:07,419 --> 00:13:10,377
and we will find there the extremism.

291
00:13:11,015 --> 00:13:13,141
Second of all,

292
00:13:13,141 --> 00:13:19,222
we must understand
that truth is not relative.

293
00:13:21,137 --> 00:13:22,784
Number three --

294
00:13:22,784 --> 00:13:26,496
we must go on the offensive,

295
00:13:26,496 --> 00:13:28,489
not the defensive.

296
00:13:28,875 --> 00:13:31,505
When someone makes an outrageous claim,

297
00:13:31,505 --> 00:13:35,032
even though they may hold
one of the highest offices in the land,

298
00:13:35,032 --> 00:13:37,066
if not the world --

299
00:13:37,066 --> 00:13:38,599
we must say to them,

300
00:13:38,599 --> 00:13:40,588
"Where's the proof?

301
00:13:40,588 --> 00:13:42,450
Where's the evidence?"

302
00:13:42,748 --> 00:13:45,698
We must hold their feet to the fire.

303
00:13:45,698 --> 00:13:50,251
We must not treat it as if their lies
are the same as the facts.

304
00:13:51,497 --> 00:13:52,569
And as I said earlier,

305
00:13:52,569 --> 00:13:54,847
truth is not relative.

306
00:13:55,135 --> 00:13:58,014
Many of us have grown up
in the world of the academy

307
00:13:58,014 --> 00:13:59,778
and enlightened liberal thought,

308
00:13:59,778 --> 00:14:02,985
where we're taught everything
is open to debate.

309
00:14:03,347 --> 00:14:05,151
But that's not the case.

310
00:14:05,384 --> 00:14:09,031
There are certain things that are true.

311
00:14:09,288 --> 00:14:12,517
There are indisputable facts --

312
00:14:12,517 --> 00:14:14,207
objective truths.

313
00:14:14,623 --> 00:14:19,416
Galileo taught it to us centuries ago.

314
00:14:19,416 --> 00:14:24,230
Even after being forced
to recant by the Vatican

315
00:14:24,230 --> 00:14:26,744
that the Earth moved around the Sun,

316
00:14:26,744 --> 00:14:27,779
he came out,

317
00:14:27,779 --> 00:14:30,299
and what is he reported to have said?

318
00:14:30,299 --> 00:14:34,408
"And yet, it still moves."

319
00:14:35,422 --> 00:14:37,967
The Earth is not flat.

320
00:14:38,333 --> 00:14:41,201
The climate is changing.

321
00:14:41,507 --> 00:14:43,798
Elvis is not alive.

322
00:14:43,798 --> 00:14:45,356
(Laughter)

323
00:14:45,356 --> 00:14:47,244
(Applause)

324
00:14:47,737 --> 00:14:50,061
And most importantly,

325
00:14:50,061 --> 00:14:54,710
truth and fact are under assault.

326
00:14:55,385 --> 00:14:57,018
The job ahead of us,

327
00:14:57,018 --> 00:14:58,244
the task ahead of us,

328
00:14:58,244 --> 00:15:01,696
the challenge ahead of us is great.

329
00:15:01,978 --> 00:15:04,615
The time to fight is short.

330
00:15:05,543 --> 00:15:09,230
We must act now,

331
00:15:09,230 --> 00:15:12,278
later will be too late.

332
00:15:12,437 --> 00:15:14,090
Thank you very much.

333
00:15:14,090 --> 00:15:15,973
(Applause)