[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:01.11,0:00:05.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I come to you today\Nto speak of liars,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:05.21,0:00:06.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,lawsuits
Dialogue: 0,0:00:06.70,0:00:08.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and laughter.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:09.04,0:00:12.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The first time I heard\Nabout Holocaust denial,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:12.18,0:00:13.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I laughed.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:14.10,0:00:16.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Holocaust denial?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:16.37,0:00:19.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Holocaust which has\Nthe dubious distinction
Dialogue: 0,0:00:19.82,0:00:24.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of being the best-documented\Ngenocide in the world?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:25.05,0:00:27.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Who could believe it didn't happen?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.22,0:00:29.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Think about it.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.29,0:00:32.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For deniers to be right,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:32.85,0:00:35.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who would have to be wrong?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:35.26,0:00:37.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, first of all --
Dialogue: 0,0:00:37.22,0:00:38.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the victims,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:38.13,0:00:42.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the survivors who have told us\Ntheir harrowing stories.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.76,0:00:45.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Who else would have to be wrong?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.25,0:00:48.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The bystanders.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.30,0:00:52.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The people who lived in the myriads\Nof towns and villages and cities
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.31,0:00:54.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the Eastern front,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.30,0:00:56.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who watched their neighbors\Nbe rounded up --
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.77,0:01:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,men, women, children, young, old --
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.00,0:01:02.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and be marched\Nto the outskirts of the town
Dialogue: 0,0:01:02.68,0:01:05.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to be shot and left dead in ditches.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:06.27,0:01:07.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or the Poles,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.70,0:01:12.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who lived in towns and villages\Naround the death camps,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.27,0:01:14.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who watched day after day
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.66,0:01:17.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as the trains went in filled with people
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.64,0:01:18.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and came out empty.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.87,0:01:21.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But above all,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.77,0:01:23.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who would have to be wrong?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.23,0:01:25.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The perpetrators.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.34,0:01:29.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The people who say, "We did it.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.78,0:01:31.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I did it."
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.40,0:01:33.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now maybe they add a caveat --
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.57,0:01:36.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they say, "I didn't have a choice,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.30,0:01:37.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was forced to do it."
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.30,0:01:41.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But nonetheless, they say, "I did it."
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.08,0:01:43.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Think about it.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.76,0:01:49.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In not one war crimes trial\Nsince the end of World War II
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.73,0:01:56.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has a perpetrator of any nationality\Never said, "It didn't happen."
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.35,0:02:01.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Again they may have said, "I was forced,"\Nbut never that it didn't happen.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.93,0:02:03.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Having thought that through,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:03.43,0:02:07.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I decided denial was not\Ngoing to be on my agenda --
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.41,0:02:09.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I had bigger things to worry about,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.18,0:02:09.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to write about,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.99,0:02:10.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to research,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:11.12,0:02:12.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I moved on.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:13.28,0:02:15.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Fast forward a little over a decade,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.14,0:02:17.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and two senior scholars --
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.91,0:02:18.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,scholars of the Holocaust,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.88,0:02:21.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,two of the most prominent\Nhistorians of the Holocaust --
Dialogue: 0,0:02:21.84,0:02:22.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,approached me and said,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.69,0:02:24.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Deborah, let's have coffee.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.21,0:02:27.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have a research idea\Nthat we think is perfect for you."
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.65,0:02:31.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Intrigued and flattered that they\Ncame to me with an idea
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.54,0:02:33.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and thought me worthy of it,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.31,0:02:35.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I asked, "What is it?"
Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.08,0:02:39.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they said, "Holocaust denial."
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.60,0:02:42.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And for the second time, I laughed.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.52,0:02:44.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Holocaust denial?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.45,0:02:46.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The flat Earth folks?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:46.58,0:02:48.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Elvis is alive people?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.65,0:02:51.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I should study them?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:51.55,0:02:52.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And these two guys said,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:52.87,0:02:55.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Yeah, we're intrigued.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.37,0:02:56.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What are they about?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:56.91,0:02:58.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What's their objective?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:58.47,0:03:02.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How do they manage to get people\Nto believe what they say?"
Dialogue: 0,0:03:02.95,0:03:06.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So thinking, if they thought\Nit was worthwhile,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.62,0:03:09.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I would take a momentary diversion --
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.80,0:03:10.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,maybe a year,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.97,0:03:12.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,maybe two, three, maybe even four --
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.85,0:03:14.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in academic terms, that's momentary.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:15.04,0:03:16.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.52,0:03:18.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We work very slowly.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:20.30,0:03:22.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I would look at them.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:22.36,0:03:23.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I did.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.41,0:03:26.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I researched and I came up\Nwith a number of things,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.27,0:03:28.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,two of which I'd like to share\Nwith you today.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:28.88,0:03:30.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One:
Dialogue: 0,0:03:30.33,0:03:35.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,deniers are wolves in sheep's clothing.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.93,0:03:38.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They are the same nazis, neo-nazis --
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.86,0:03:42.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can decide whether you want\Nto put a "neo" there or not.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.96,0:03:45.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But when I looked at them,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.48,0:03:49.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I didn't see any SS-like uniforms,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:49.99,0:03:52.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,swastika-like symbols on the wall,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:52.98,0:03:55.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sig-heil salutes --
Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.51,0:03:57.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,none of that.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.23,0:03:59.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What I found instead
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.94,0:04:04.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were people parading\Nas respectable academics.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:05.08,0:04:06.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What did they have?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.44,0:04:07.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They had an institute.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:08.15,0:04:11.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,An institute for historical review.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:12.58,0:04:13.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They had a journal --
Dialogue: 0,0:04:13.94,0:04:15.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a slick journal --
Dialogue: 0,0:04:15.22,0:04:18.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a journal of historical review.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.61,0:04:20.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One filled with papers --
Dialogue: 0,0:04:21.16,0:04:23.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,footnote-laden papers.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:24.04,0:04:26.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they had a new name.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:26.66,0:04:28.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not neo-nazis,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.96,0:04:30.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not anti-semites --
Dialogue: 0,0:04:31.15,0:04:32.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,revisionists.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:33.20,0:04:35.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They said, "We are revisionists.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:35.37,0:04:38.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are out to do one thing:
Dialogue: 0,0:04:38.24,0:04:41.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to revise mistakes in history."
Dialogue: 0,0:04:42.51,0:04:47.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But all you had to do is go\None inch below the surface,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:48.08,0:04:49.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and what did you find there?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:50.09,0:04:52.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The same adulation of Hitler,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:52.38,0:04:54.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,praise of the Third Reich,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:54.44,0:04:57.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,anti-Semitism, racism, prejudice.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:58.13,0:05:00.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is what intrigued me.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:00.27,0:05:07.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was anti-Semitism, racism, prejudice\Nparading as rational discourse.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.91,0:05:10.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This other thing I found --
Dialogue: 0,0:05:10.70,0:05:13.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,many of us have been taught to think\Nthere are facts and there are opinions --
Dialogue: 0,0:05:13.89,0:05:15.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,after studying deniers,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:15.76,0:05:17.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think differently.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:17.77,0:05:19.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are facts,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:19.38,0:05:20.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there are opinons
Dialogue: 0,0:05:21.10,0:05:23.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and there are lies.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:23.46,0:05:28.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And what deniers want to do\Nis take their lies,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.92,0:05:30.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dress them up as opinions --
Dialogue: 0,0:05:30.63,0:05:32.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,maybe edgy opinions,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:32.66,0:05:35.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,maybe sort of out-of-the-box opinions --
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.63,0:05:36.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but then if they're opinions,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:36.77,0:05:38.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they should be part of the conversation.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:38.84,0:05:42.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then they encroach on the facts.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:43.54,0:05:45.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I published my work --
Dialogue: 0,0:05:45.30,0:05:46.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the book was published
Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.24,0:05:49.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Denying the Holocaust: The Growing\NAssault on Truth and Memory,"
Dialogue: 0,0:05:49.94,0:05:51.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it came out in many different countries,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.27,0:05:53.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,including here and Penguin UK,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:54.02,0:05:57.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I was done with those folks\Nand ready to move on.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:58.39,0:06:02.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then came the letter\Nfrom Penguin UK,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:02.82,0:06:06.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and for the third time, I laughed ...
Dialogue: 0,0:06:06.75,0:06:08.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mistakenly.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:09.24,0:06:10.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I opened the letter,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:11.18,0:06:16.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it informed me that David Irving\Nwas bringing a libel suit against me
Dialogue: 0,0:06:16.92,0:06:18.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the United Kingdom
Dialogue: 0,0:06:18.51,0:06:21.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for calling him a Holocaust denier.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:22.10,0:06:23.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,David Irving suing me?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:24.18,0:06:25.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Who was David Irving?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:25.38,0:06:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,David Irving was a writer\Nof historical works,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:28.16,0:06:29.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,most of them about World War II,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:30.16,0:06:33.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and virtually all of those works\Ntook the position
Dialogue: 0,0:06:33.42,0:06:36.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the Nazis were really not so bad,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:37.04,0:06:39.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the allies were really not so good,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:40.10,0:06:40.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the Jews,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:40.78,0:06:41.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whatever happened to them,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:41.70,0:06:43.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they sort of deserved it.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:44.40,0:06:45.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He knew the documents,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:45.94,0:06:47.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he knew the facts,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:47.48,0:06:50.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but he somehow twisted them\Nto get this opinion.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:51.16,0:06:53.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He hadn't always been a Holocaust denier,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:53.82,0:06:55.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but in the late 80s,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:55.63,0:06:58.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he embraced it with great vigor.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:59.92,0:07:03.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The reason I laughed also was\Nthis was a man
Dialogue: 0,0:07:03.84,0:07:05.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who not only was a Holocaust denier,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:05.77,0:07:07.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but seemed quite proud of it.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.52,0:07:08.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He was a man --
Dialogue: 0,0:07:08.32,0:07:09.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I a quote --
Dialogue: 0,0:07:09.48,0:07:12.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who said, "I'm going to sink\Nthe battleship Auschwitz."
Dialogue: 0,0:07:13.57,0:07:18.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He was a man who pointed to the number\Ntattooed on a survivor's arm
Dialogue: 0,0:07:18.15,0:07:21.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and said, "How much money have you made
Dialogue: 0,0:07:21.58,0:07:25.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from having the number\Ntattooed on your arm?"
Dialogue: 0,0:07:25.89,0:07:27.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here was a man who said,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:27.88,0:07:31.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"More people died in Senator Kennedy's\Ncar at Chappaquidic
Dialogue: 0,0:07:32.06,0:07:35.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than died in gas chambers at Auschwitz."
Dialogue: 0,0:07:35.54,0:07:36.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's an American reference,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:36.68,0:07:38.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but you can look it up.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:39.59,0:07:42.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This was not a man who seemed\Nat all ashamed or reticent
Dialogue: 0,0:07:42.62,0:07:44.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about being a Holocaust denier.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:45.33,0:07:49.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, lots of my academic\Ncolleagues counseled me --
Dialogue: 0,0:07:49.25,0:07:50.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Eh, Deborah, just ignore it."
Dialogue: 0,0:07:51.22,0:07:54.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I explained you can't\Njust ignore a libel suit,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:55.07,0:07:57.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they said, "Who's gonna\Nbelieve him anyway?"
Dialogue: 0,0:07:58.09,0:07:59.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But here was the problem.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:00.08,0:08:02.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,British law put the oneous,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:02.87,0:08:05.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but the burden of proof on me
Dialogue: 0,0:08:05.56,0:08:08.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to prove the truth of what I said,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:08.32,0:08:10.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in contrast to as it would have\Nbeen in the United States
Dialogue: 0,0:08:10.99,0:08:12.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in many other countries,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:12.52,0:08:15.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on him to prove the falsehood.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:16.21,0:08:17.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What did that mean?
Dialogue: 0,0:08:17.88,0:08:20.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That meant if I didn't fight,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:21.11,0:08:23.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he would win by default.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:24.17,0:08:25.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if he won by default,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:25.96,0:08:28.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he could then legitimately say,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:28.63,0:08:33.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"My David Irving version of the Holocaust\Nis a legitimate version.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:33.80,0:08:37.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Deborah Lipstadt libeled me when\Nshe called me a Holocaust denier.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:37.96,0:08:42.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ipso-facto, I David Irving, am not\Na Holocaust denier."
Dialogue: 0,0:08:42.38,0:08:44.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And what is that version?
Dialogue: 0,0:08:44.71,0:08:47.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There was no plan to murder the Jews,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:47.83,0:08:49.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there were no gas chambers,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:49.86,0:08:51.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there were no mass shootings,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:51.66,0:08:54.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hitler had nothing to do with any\Nsuffering that went on,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:54.84,0:09:00.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the Jews have made this all up\Nto get money from Germany
Dialogue: 0,0:09:00.88,0:09:02.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and to get a state,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:02.94,0:09:06.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they've done it with the aid\Nand abetance of the allies --
Dialogue: 0,0:09:06.38,0:09:09.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they've planted the documents\Nand planted the evidence.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:10.60,0:09:15.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I couldn't let that stand\Nand ever face a survivor --
Dialogue: 0,0:09:16.16,0:09:18.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or a child of survivors.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:18.48,0:09:20.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I couldn't let that stand
Dialogue: 0,0:09:20.23,0:09:24.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and consider myself\Na responsible historian.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:25.52,0:09:27.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we fought,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:27.43,0:09:28.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and for those of you\Nwho haven't seen "Denial,"
Dialogue: 0,0:09:28.94,0:09:30.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,spoiler alert --
Dialogue: 0,0:09:30.72,0:09:31.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we won.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:32.00,0:09:33.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:09:33.40,0:09:35.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:09:40.16,0:09:47.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The judge found David Irving to be a liar,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:47.97,0:09:48.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a racist,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:48.92,0:09:50.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and anti-Semite.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:50.46,0:09:52.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,His view of history was tendacious,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:52.81,0:09:54.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he lied, he distorted,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:54.81,0:09:57.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and most importantly,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:57.40,0:09:59.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he did it deliberately.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:59.68,0:10:01.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We showed a pattern,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:01.19,0:10:03.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and over 25 different major instances --
Dialogue: 0,0:10:03.67,0:10:04.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not small things,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:04.61,0:10:06.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,many of us in the audience write books,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:06.56,0:10:07.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are writing books --
Dialogue: 0,0:10:07.77,0:10:09.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we always make mistakes,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:09.48,0:10:11.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's why we're glad\Nto have second editions --
Dialogue: 0,0:10:11.55,0:10:12.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,correct the mistakes.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:12.60,0:10:13.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:10:14.84,0:10:18.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But these always moved\Nin the same direction:
Dialogue: 0,0:10:18.98,0:10:20.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,blame the Jews,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:21.15,0:10:23.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,exonerate the Nazis.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:24.04,0:10:25.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But how did we win?
Dialogue: 0,0:10:26.42,0:10:31.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What we did is follow his footnotes\Nback to his sources.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:32.33,0:10:34.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And what did we find?
Dialogue: 0,0:10:34.29,0:10:35.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not in most cases,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:35.72,0:10:37.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and not in the preponderance of cases,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:37.47,0:10:39.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but in every single instance
Dialogue: 0,0:10:39.27,0:10:41.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where he made some\Nreference to the Holocaust,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:42.13,0:10:46.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that his supposed evidence was disorted,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:46.32,0:10:47.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,half-truth,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:47.70,0:10:48.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,date-changed,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:49.04,0:10:51.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sequence-changed,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:51.45,0:10:53.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,someone put in a meeting\Nwho wasn't there.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:53.62,0:10:54.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In other words,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:54.91,0:10:56.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he didn't have the evidence.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:56.52,0:10:58.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,His evidence didn't prove it.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:58.40,0:11:01.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We didn't prove what happened.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:01.79,0:11:04.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We proved that what he said happened,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:04.44,0:11:05.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and by extension all deniers
Dialogue: 0,0:11:06.09,0:11:09.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because he either quotes them\Nor they get their arguments from him,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:09.86,0:11:10.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is not true.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:11.16,0:11:12.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What they claim --
Dialogue: 0,0:11:12.27,0:11:15.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they don't have the evidence to prove it.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:16.83,0:11:23.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So why is my story more than just\Nthe story of a quirky, long,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:23.37,0:11:25.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,six-year difficult lawsuit?
Dialogue: 0,0:11:25.54,0:11:30.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,An American professor being dragged\Ninto a court room
Dialogue: 0,0:11:30.56,0:11:33.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by a man that the court declared\Nin its judgement
Dialogue: 0,0:11:33.64,0:11:35.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was a neo-nazi polemecist.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:35.95,0:11:37.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What message does it have?
Dialogue: 0,0:11:38.17,0:11:40.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think in the context\Nof the question of truth,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:41.10,0:11:43.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it has a very significant message.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:43.62,0:11:45.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because today,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:45.41,0:11:46.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as we well know,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:47.09,0:11:51.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,truth and facts are under assault.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:51.81,0:11:55.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Social media, for all\Nthe gifts it has given us,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:55.24,0:11:58.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has also allowed the difference\Nbetween facts --
Dialogue: 0,0:11:58.93,0:12:00.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,established facts --
Dialogue: 0,0:12:00.99,0:12:04.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and lies to be flattened.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:05.08,0:12:06.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Third of all,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:06.89,0:12:08.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,extremism.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:08.99,0:12:12.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You made not see Klu Klux Klan robes,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:12.90,0:12:14.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you may not see burning crosses.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:14.86,0:12:19.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You may not even hear\Noutright white supremacist language.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:19.45,0:12:21.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It may go by names, "Alt-right,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:21.42,0:12:22.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,National Front" --
Dialogue: 0,0:12:22.69,0:12:24.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,pick you names --
Dialogue: 0,0:12:24.30,0:12:29.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but underneath it's that same extremism\Nthat I found in Holocaust denial
Dialogue: 0,0:12:30.01,0:12:33.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,parading as rational discourse.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:35.36,0:12:40.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We live in an age where truth\Nis on the defensive.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:40.60,0:12:42.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm reminded of a New Yorker cartoon.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:43.17,0:12:45.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A quiz show recently appeared\Nin the New Yorker
Dialogue: 0,0:12:45.72,0:12:48.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where the host of the quiz show\Nis saying to one of the contestants,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:48.81,0:12:51.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Yes, mam, you had the right answer,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:51.36,0:12:53.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but your opponent yelled\Nmore loudly than you did,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:53.76,0:12:55.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so he gets the point."
Dialogue: 0,0:12:56.45,0:12:58.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What can we do?
Dialogue: 0,0:12:58.76,0:13:00.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,First of all,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:00.28,0:13:05.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we cannot be beguiled\Nby rational appearances.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:05.71,0:13:07.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've got to look underneath,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:07.49,0:13:10.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we will find there the extremism.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:11.10,0:13:13.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Second of all,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:13.43,0:13:19.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we must understand\Nthat truth is not relative.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:21.27,0:13:22.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Number three --
Dialogue: 0,0:13:23.01,0:13:26.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we must go on the offensive,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:26.57,0:13:28.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not the defensive.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:28.98,0:13:31.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When someone makes an outrageous claim,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:31.59,0:13:34.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even though they may hold\None of the highest offices in the land,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:35.06,0:13:37.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if not the world --
Dialogue: 0,0:13:37.24,0:13:38.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we must say to them,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:38.78,0:13:40.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Where's the proof?
Dialogue: 0,0:13:40.68,0:13:42.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Where's the evidence?"
Dialogue: 0,0:13:42.75,0:13:45.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We must hold their feet to the fire.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:45.74,0:13:50.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We must not treat it as if their lies\Nare the same as the facts.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:51.61,0:13:52.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And as I said earlier,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:52.65,0:13:54.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,truth is not relative.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:55.22,0:13:57.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Many of us have grown up\Nin the world of the academy
Dialogue: 0,0:13:58.09,0:13:59.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and enlightened liberal thought,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:59.80,0:14:03.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where we're taught everything\Nis open to debate.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:03.42,0:14:05.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But that's not the case.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:05.46,0:14:09.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are certain things that are true.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:09.43,0:14:12.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are indisputable facts --
Dialogue: 0,0:14:12.55,0:14:14.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,objective truths.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:14.71,0:14:19.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Galileo taught it to us centuries ago,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:19.44,0:14:24.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even after being forced\Nto recant by the Vatican
Dialogue: 0,0:14:24.28,0:14:26.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the Earth moved around the Sun,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:26.97,0:14:27.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he came out,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:27.88,0:14:29.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and what is he reported to have said?
Dialogue: 0,0:14:30.37,0:14:34.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"And yet, it still moves."
Dialogue: 0,0:14:35.53,0:14:38.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Earth is not flat.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:38.39,0:14:41.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The climate is changing.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:41.67,0:14:43.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Elvis is not alive.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:43.95,0:14:45.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:14:45.46,0:14:47.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:14:47.88,0:14:49.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And most importantly,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:50.10,0:14:54.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,truth and fact are under assault.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:55.58,0:14:56.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The job ahead of us,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:57.17,0:14:58.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the past ahead of us,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:58.41,0:15:01.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the challenge ahead of us is great.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:02.10,0:15:04.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The time to fight is short.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:05.54,0:15:09.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We must act now;
Dialogue: 0,0:15:09.41,0:15:12.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,later will be too late.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:12.74,0:15:14.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you very much.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:14.36,0:15:16.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)