[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:07.30,0:00:09.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Take a look at this image.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:09.16,0:00:10.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What might this be?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.66,0:00:12.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A frightening monster?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:12.07,0:00:13.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Two friendly bears?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.60,0:00:16.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or something else entirely?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:16.56,0:00:17.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For nearly a century,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:17.96,0:00:20.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ten inkblots like these have been used
Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.43,0:00:24.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as what seems like an almost \Nmystical personality test.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.12,0:00:27.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Long kept confidential for psychologists \Nand their patients,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:27.70,0:00:33.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the mysterious images were said to draw\Nout the workings of a person’s mind.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.36,0:00:35.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But what can inkblots really tell us,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:35.88,0:00:38.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and how does this test work?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:38.42,0:00:43.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Invented in the early 20th century \Nby Swiss psychiatrist Hermann Rorschach,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.20,0:00:47.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Rorschach Test is actually less about \Nthe specific things we see,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:47.64,0:00:50.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and more about our general approach \Nto perception.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.92,0:00:52.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As an amateur artist
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.30,0:00:57.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hermann was fascinated by how visual \Nperception varies from person to person.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.22,0:00:59.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He carried this interest to \Nmedical school,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:59.69,0:01:03.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where he learned all our senses \Nare deeply connected.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.35,0:01:08.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He studied how our process of perception \Ndoesn’t just register sensory inputs,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.09,0:01:09.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but transforms them.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.87,0:01:13.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And when he started working at a \Nmental hospital in eastern Switzerland,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:13.90,0:01:17.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he began designing a series \Nof puzzling images
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.31,0:01:21.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to gain new insight into this \Nenigmatic process.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.36,0:01:23.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Using his inkblot paintings,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:23.58,0:01:26.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Rorschach began quizzing hundreds \Nof healthy subjects
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.69,0:01:29.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and psychiatric patients with \Nthe same question:
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.61,0:01:31.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what might this be?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.65,0:01:36.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,However, it wasn’t what the test subjects \Nsaw that was most important to Rorschach,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.28,0:01:39.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but rather, how they approached the task.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:39.10,0:01:42.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Which parts of the image did they \Nfocus on or ignore?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.43,0:01:44.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Did they see the image moving?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.68,0:01:48.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Did the color on some inkblots help them \Ngive better answers,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.38,0:01:51.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or distract and overwhelm them?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.46,0:01:54.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He developed a system to code \Npeople’s responses,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:54.49,0:01:59.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,reducing the wide range of interpretations\Nto a few manageable numbers.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:59.47,0:02:04.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now he had empirical measures to quantify \Nall kinds of test takers:
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.12,0:02:05.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the creative and imaginative,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:05.94,0:02:08.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the detail-oriented, the \Nbig-picture perceivers,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.96,0:02:12.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and flexible participants able \Nto adapt their approach.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.66,0:02:14.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Some people would get stuck,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.38,0:02:17.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,offering the same answer \Nfor multiple blots.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.06,0:02:20.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Others gave unusual and \Ndelightful descriptions.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:20.28,0:02:22.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Responses were as varied as the inkblots,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.98,0:02:26.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which offered different kinds of \Nperceptual problems–
Dialogue: 0,0:02:26.04,0:02:28.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some easier to interpret than others.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.86,0:02:31.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But analyzing the test-taker’s \Noverall approach
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.90,0:02:34.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,yielded real insights into \Ntheir psychology.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:34.78,0:02:37.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And as Rorschach tested more \Nand more people,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:37.50,0:02:39.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,patterns began to pile up.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.78,0:02:42.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Healthy subjects with the same \Npersonalities
Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.36,0:02:45.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,often took remarkably similar approaches.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.30,0:02:47.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Patients suffering from the same \Nmental illnesses
Dialogue: 0,0:02:47.94,0:02:49.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,also performed similarly,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.84,0:02:53.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,making the test a reliable \Ndiagnostic tool.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.04,0:02:55.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It could even diagnose some conditions
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.42,0:02:59.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,difficult to pinpoint with other \Navailable methods.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.14,0:03:00.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 1921,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:00.46,0:03:05.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Rorschach published his coding system \Nalongside the ten blots he felt
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.20,0:03:09.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,gave the most nuanced picture of people’s\Nperceptual approach.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.79,0:03:11.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Over the next several decades,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:11.57,0:03:15.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the test became wildly popular in \Ncountries around the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:15.86,0:03:17.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,By the 1960s,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:17.21,0:03:21.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it had been officially administered \Nmillions of times in the U.S. alone.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.52,0:03:24.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Unfortunately, less than a year after \Npublishing the test,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.83,0:03:27.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hermann Rorschach had died suddenly.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.41,0:03:29.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Without its inventor to keep it on track,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.45,0:03:32.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the test he had methodically gathered \Nso much data to support
Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.89,0:03:36.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,began to be used in all sorts \Nof speculative ways.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:36.55,0:03:39.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Researchers gave the test \Nto Nazi war criminals,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:39.60,0:03:43.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hoping to unlock the psychological roots \Nof mass murder.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:43.29,0:03:46.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Anthropologists showed the images to \Nremote communities
Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.54,0:03:49.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a sort of universal personality test.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:49.44,0:03:54.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Employers made prejudiced hiring decisions\Nbased on reductive decoding charts.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:54.80,0:03:58.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As the test left clinics and entered \Npopular culture
Dialogue: 0,0:03:58.24,0:04:01.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,its reputation among medical \Nprofessionals plummeted,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.61,0:04:05.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the blots began to fall \Nout of clinical use.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:05.28,0:04:08.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Today, the test is still controversial,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:08.01,0:04:10.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and many people assume \Nit has been disproven.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.91,0:04:15.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But a massive 2013 review of all the \Nexisting Rorschach research
Dialogue: 0,0:04:15.93,0:04:20.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,showed that when administered properly \Nthe test yields valid results,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:20.35,0:04:22.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which can help diagnose mental illness
Dialogue: 0,0:04:22.57,0:04:26.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or round out a patient’s \Npsychological profile.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:26.35,0:04:29.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It’s hardly a stand-alone key \Nto the human mind–
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.42,0:04:30.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,no test is.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:30.80,0:04:34.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But its visual approach and lack \Nof any single right answer
Dialogue: 0,0:04:34.71,0:04:38.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,continue to help psychologists paint\Na more nuanced picture
Dialogue: 0,0:04:38.38,0:04:40.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of how people see the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.50,0:04:41.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Bringing us one step closer
Dialogue: 0,0:04:41.97,0:04:46.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to understanding the patterns \Nbehind our perceptions.