WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:05.752 (Introduzione) Sotto l'informazione: Adrien Delgrange 00:00:05.846 --> 00:00:06.846 ... NOTE Paragraph 00:00:06.940 --> 00:00:10.744 (AD) Distinguere il vero dal falso, tutte le settimane su RFI. 00:00:10.744 --> 00:00:12.975 Benvenuti a "Sotto l'informazione" 00:00:12.975 --> 00:00:15.162 che vede all'ordine di questo 25 febbraio 00:00:15.162 --> 00:00:20.067 RFI - informazione e disinformazione in tempi di guerra. 00:00:20.098 --> 00:00:24.263 Dopo l'invasione militare dell'Ucraina da parte della Russia nelle ultime 48 ore, 00:00:24.657 --> 00:00:28.299 parleremo del ruolo cruciale della disinformazione 00:00:28.299 --> 00:00:32.438 nella propaganda russa, una così detta arma di soft power, 00:00:32.438 --> 00:00:37.513 utilizzata da diversi anni dal Cremlino per plasmare l'opinione pubblica russa. 00:00:37.787 --> 00:00:40.816 In questo contesto rifletteremo anche sul lavoro 00:00:40.816 --> 00:00:43.778 dei giornalisti indipendenti in Russia. 00:00:43.965 --> 00:00:46.070 Questi gli argomenti in sintesi; benvenuti. 00:00:46.319 --> 00:00:48.899 Sotto l'informazione, diretto da Claude Battista. NOTE Paragraph 00:00:48.899 --> 00:00:53.895 Musica NOTE Paragraph 00:00:53.895 --> 00:00:57.935 (AD) Sotto l'informazione oggi si focalizza su ciò che accade in Ucraina 00:00:57.935 --> 00:01:02.138 dopo l'invasione russa e a tal proposito accogliamo Sophie Malibeaux; buonasera! 00:01:02.138 --> 00:01:02.987 (SM) Buonasera. 00:01:02.987 --> 00:01:05.101 e Grégory Genevrier:buonasera! (GG)Buonasera. NOTE Paragraph 00:01:05.101 --> 00:01:07.788 (AD) Mentre le truppe russe avanzano sul territorio, 00:01:07.788 --> 00:01:10.889 la disinformazione gioca un ruolo importante nel conflitto. 00:01:11.139 --> 00:01:15.801 Mosca, che ha usato quest'arma in aggiunta alla difesa militare 00:01:15.801 --> 00:01:20.528 -- e oggi ci spiegate la strategia informativa russa -- 00:01:20.528 --> 00:01:23.601 Sophie Malibeaux, qual'è il metodo Putin? NOTE Paragraph 00:01:23.601 --> 00:01:27.254 (SM)Beh, in queste ultime settimane si è visto come il presidente russo 00:01:27.254 --> 00:01:31.965 si sia impegnato a invertire i ruoli facendo passare aggredito per aggressore. 00:01:31.966 --> 00:01:34.899 Nei suoi ultimi comunicati, Vladimir Putin si presenta 00:01:34.899 --> 00:01:37.463 come liberatore dell'Ucraina e non solamente 00:01:37.463 --> 00:01:41.788 delle province separatiste del Donbass, soprattutto quando questo mercoledì 00:01:42.151 --> 00:01:45.904 ha confermato la volontà "di proteggere il popolo che soffre" secondo lui 00:01:45.904 --> 00:01:48.778 "di abusi e genocidio causati dal regime di Kiev." 00:01:49.196 --> 00:01:53.115 Allora, senza negare l'importanza delle vittime del conflitte nell'Est Ucraina, 00:01:53.115 --> 00:01:57.005 la narrativa del genocidio non si basa su alcuna prova: 00:01:57.005 --> 00:02:00.259 e neppure l'idea di una giunta alla guida dell'Ucraina, 00:02:00.259 --> 00:02:03.556 come menzionato dall'ambasciatore russo all'ONU, 00:02:03.556 --> 00:02:07.015 visto che il presidente ucraino Volodymyr Zelenskyy 00:02:07.015 --> 00:02:10.226 è stato eletto democraticamente, senza l'ombra di un colpo di Stato. 00:02:10.687 --> 00:02:15.642 E poi, quando Vladimir Putin evoca la "denazificazione" dell'Ucraina, 00:02:15.838 --> 00:02:20.743 si ritorna ad un registro che non ha niente a che vedere con la realtà. 00:02:21.091 --> 00:02:23.919 Che in Ucraina ci possano essere dei gruppi estremisti 00:02:23.919 --> 00:02:25.759 come nel resto d'Europa, 00:02:26.099 --> 00:02:29.852 non vuol dire che ne sia soggiogata, è tutta un'invenzione. NOTE Paragraph 00:02:29.963 --> 00:02:32.757 (AD)Grégory Genevrier, per sostenere la tesi 00:02:32.757 --> 00:02:35.167 di una Russia aggredita dall'Ucraina, 00:02:35.599 --> 00:02:38.956 circolano molte informazioni anche sui canali social. NOTE Paragraph 00:02:38.956 --> 00:02:42.776 (GG) Sì, ci sono per esempio i così detti attacchi sotto falsa bandiera; 00:02:42.776 --> 00:02:45.224 in questo caso sono video diffusi sui canali social 00:02:45.224 --> 00:02:47.660 che mostrano le violenze perpetrate dagli Ucraini, 00:02:47.660 --> 00:02:50.015 ma che in realtà sono delle messe in scena: 00:02:50.015 --> 00:02:53.500 ad esempio il video dove si vedono militari avanzare sul terreno 00:02:53.500 --> 00:02:57.047 con i blindati: la didascalia li indica come soldati ucraini 00:02:57.047 --> 00:02:59.722 che sono illegalmente sul territorio russo 00:02:59.810 --> 00:03:03.023 non lontano da Mitiatinskaya(?) ma in realtà la scena si svolge 00:03:03.023 --> 00:03:05.738 180 km più a sud, 00:03:05.738 --> 00:03:09.473 vale a dire una zona controllata dai separatisti filo-russi; inoltre 00:03:09.473 --> 00:03:12.844 il veicolo utilizzato non corrisponde a quelli dell'esercito ucraino; 00:03:12.844 --> 00:03:16.096 fatti riportati grazie alle ricerche di esperti open source, 00:03:16.096 --> 00:03:18.072 come il collettivo Bellingcat. 00:03:18.072 --> 00:03:20.918 E questa disinformazione a volte è ancora più grossolana: 00:03:20.918 --> 00:03:24.499 un altro video mostra la carcassa di un mezzo civile che sembrerebbe distrutto 00:03:24.499 --> 00:03:26.476 00:03:26.476 --> 00:03:29.172 00:03:29.172 --> 00:03:32.087 00:03:32.087 --> 00:03:34.317 00:03:34.317 --> 00:03:35.402 NOTE Paragraph 00:03:35.402 --> 00:03:38.068 00:03:38.068 --> 00:03:39.838 NOTE Paragraph 00:03:39.838 --> 00:03:41.417 00:03:41.417 --> 00:03:45.646 00:03:45.646 --> 00:03:49.076 00:03:49.076 --> 00:03:51.379 00:03:51.379 --> 00:03:54.193 00:03:54.193 --> 00:03:56.643 00:03:56.644 --> 00:03:59.792 00:03:59.792 --> 00:04:02.943 00:04:03.443 --> 00:04:05.826 00:04:05.826 --> 00:04:06.892 00:04:06.892 --> 00:04:11.497 00:04:11.497 --> 00:04:13.927 00:04:13.927 --> 00:04:16.202 00:04:16.521 --> 00:04:20.469 NOTE Paragraph 00:04:20.475 --> 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