WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.988 CAPTIONED ONLY FROM 50:43 TO END OF VIDEO 00:50:45.784 --> 00:50:51.163 -[narrator] It's a self-portrait unlike any painted before. 00:50:51.163 --> 00:50:53.153 Usually when artists looked in the mirror, 00:50:53.153 --> 00:50:55.017 they liked what they saw, 00:50:55.017 --> 00:50:58.007 and what they saw were men, young or old, 00:50:58.007 --> 00:51:00.735 whose features were ennobled by their calling 00:51:00.735 --> 00:51:05.244 to bring virtue, beauty, and grace into the world. 00:51:05.244 --> 00:51:07.078 Now, look at Caravaggio. 00:51:10.048 --> 00:51:17.122 A decapitated head is Goliath, bloody, grotesque, a monster. 00:51:18.717 --> 00:51:23.804 In The Beheading of John the Baptist, evil was done by other people. 00:51:23.804 --> 00:51:29.516 Here it's Caravaggio who's the embodiment of wickedness. 00:51:29.516 --> 00:51:32.331 In this victory of virtue over evil, 00:51:32.331 --> 00:51:34.957 David is supposed to be the center of attention, 00:51:34.957 --> 00:51:39.494 but have you ever seen a less jubilant victor? 00:51:39.494 --> 00:51:43.600 On his sword is inscribed humilitas occidit superbiam, 00:51:43.600 --> 00:51:46.181 "humility conquers pride," 00:51:46.181 --> 00:51:50.300 a battle that's been fought out inside Caravaggio's head 00:51:50.300 --> 00:51:54.297 between the two sides of the painter portrayed here. 00:51:56.238 --> 00:51:59.159 There's the devout, courageous David Caravaggio, 00:51:59.159 --> 00:52:03.630 and then there's the criminal sinner, Goliath Caravaggio. 00:52:03.630 --> 00:52:06.854 "I know who I've been," says a pathetic head, 00:52:06.854 --> 00:52:11.160 unable to look us in the eyes. "I know what I've done." 00:52:11.160 --> 00:52:15.601 It's a desolate vision, offered to us in utter blackness. 00:52:15.601 --> 00:52:17.992 No virtue, no grace, 00:52:17.992 --> 00:52:22.096 just the dark truth in the inside of Caravaggio's head, 00:52:22.096 --> 00:52:24.798 flooded with tragic self-knowledge. 00:52:24.798 --> 00:52:26.648 [♪ pensive music ♪] 00:52:44.826 --> 00:52:48.340 For me, the power of his art is the power of truth, 00:52:48.340 --> 00:52:51.084 not least about ourselves. 00:52:51.084 --> 00:52:54.375 For if we're ever to have a chance of redemption, 00:52:54.375 --> 00:52:57.915 it must begin with an act of recognition that in all of us, 00:52:57.915 --> 00:53:00.539 the Goliath competes with the David. 00:53:04.529 --> 00:53:08.950 In July 1610, Caravaggio rolled up his paintings 00:53:08.950 --> 00:53:13.370 and set sail for Naples, finally heading home. 00:53:13.370 --> 00:53:17.763 [♪ hopeful music ♪ ] 00:53:17.763 --> 00:53:22.246 Sailing north, his boat stopped at the tiny harbor of Palo, 00:53:22.246 --> 00:53:24.345 on the coast just west of Rome. 00:53:24.645 --> 00:53:26.095 [door clangs shut] 00:53:28.935 --> 00:53:33.458 Here the local captain of the guard either hadn't heard about his pardon, 00:53:33.458 --> 00:53:36.310 or mistook him for some other fugitive. 00:53:36.310 --> 00:53:39.351 Either way, he's thrown in jail. 00:53:39.351 --> 00:53:42.328 By the time he's managed to pay his way out, 00:53:42.328 --> 00:53:45.882 his boat has sailed off along with his paintings, 00:53:45.882 --> 00:53:48.241 his offering to Borghese. 00:53:48.241 --> 00:53:50.492 [♪ somber chorus ♪] 00:53:55.462 --> 00:53:59.496 Desperate to catch up with his ship with its precious cargo, 00:53:59.496 --> 00:54:03.337 Caravaggio sets off north towards Porto Ercole, 00:54:03.337 --> 00:54:05.669 a hundred kilometers through the malarial 00:54:05.669 --> 00:54:08.389 infested swamp country, the Maremma. 00:54:08.389 --> 00:54:09.929 [♪ grim music ♪] 00:54:36.215 --> 00:54:39.836 Here, the final disaster awaited. 00:54:39.836 --> 00:54:42.380 In a pathetic attempt to hail a ship, 00:54:42.380 --> 00:54:45.205 Caravaggio starts running along the beach 00:54:45.205 --> 00:54:49.980 under the broiling July sun before collapsing in the sand. 00:54:49.980 --> 00:54:53.265 By now he's suffering from a raging fever, 00:54:53.265 --> 00:54:56.325 and is taken to a local monastic hospital. 00:54:56.325 --> 00:54:59.748 There, according to a contemporary report, 00:54:59.748 --> 00:55:06.010 without the aid of God or man, he died, as miserably as he'd lived. 00:55:06.010 --> 00:55:07.856 [♪ grim music ♪] 00:55:41.381 --> 00:55:43.661 [no spoken audio] 00:55:52.589 --> 00:55:54.578 -Nooo! 00:55:57.088 --> 00:56:01.332 -It's sometime later that the Pope's nephew, Scipione Borghese, 00:56:01.332 --> 00:56:07.833 finally receives the paintings with which Caravaggio had hoped to win his pardon. 00:56:07.833 --> 00:56:10.841 The Cardinal finds himself face to face with the picture 00:56:10.841 --> 00:56:14.962 of the painter as the slain Goliath. 00:56:14.962 --> 00:56:17.139 The Cardinal isn't used to this. 00:56:17.139 --> 00:56:19.714 Artists have been given their gift by God 00:56:19.714 --> 00:56:22.123 to bring beauty into the world, 00:56:22.123 --> 00:56:25.897 to put mortal creatures in touch with their higher selves. 00:56:25.897 --> 00:56:28.457 That's the way it was supposed to be, 00:56:28.457 --> 00:56:32.712 but Caravaggio never did anything the way it was supposed to be. 00:56:32.712 --> 00:56:37.249 "Here I am," says this dead face, which seems still alive. 00:56:37.249 --> 00:56:41.074 "They said whoever delivers my head will get a reward. 00:56:41.074 --> 00:56:45.277 "Well, I'm turning myself in. Will that do? 00:56:45.277 --> 00:56:49.565 "Can I have my reward? Can I have my pardon?" 00:56:49.565 --> 00:56:54.297 "Sorry," says the Cardinal. "So sorry-- you're too late." 00:56:55.006 --> 00:56:57.993 [♪ pensive music ♪]