[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:07.22,0:00:08.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Bell)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:11.80,0:00:17.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Bell)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.39,0:00:46.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Bell)
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.02,0:01:11.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Bell)
Dialogue: 0,0:01:23.30,0:01:27.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Dear respected Thay,\Ndear noble community,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.93,0:01:37.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's such a happiness to walk into a room\Nso full of love.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.60,0:01:47.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My brother and I we just arrived\Na few minutes ago, and came in.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.23,0:01:54.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And to feel the sangha sitting in peace -
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.21,0:01:59.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(fr.) La traduction, ça marche?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:59.91,0:02:01.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pas encore.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.86,0:02:06.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Can we turn the volume\Nup on the French?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:11.54,0:02:16.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So walking into this room and feel\Nthe energy of peace, of calm,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.48,0:02:20.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of deep aspiration to practice
Dialogue: 0,0:02:21.60,0:02:25.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is like walking into a kind of Pure Land.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.30,0:02:35.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(fr.) Ça va?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:40.75,0:02:44.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Là-bas ça va, mais, là-bas? Ça ne va pas.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:54.18,0:02:57.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We can just enjoy our breathing.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:02.85,0:03:07.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The beautiful thing about a smile\Nis it doesn't require a translation.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:07.90,0:03:12.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So maybe if you like you can look around\Nthe room and smile to one another.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.17,0:03:17.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Just to appreciate the presence of
Dialogue: 0,0:03:18.35,0:03:20.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so many people who
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.62,0:03:26.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,come for the bodhisattva path.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.60,0:03:33.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Today's talk is about\Nthe path of the bodhisattvas.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.93,0:03:43.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How the Buddha taught of how
Dialogue: 0,0:03:48.00,0:03:51.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he takes good care of the bodhisattvas.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:52.19,0:03:57.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And by looking at each other\Nand smiling to other bodhisattvas,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.25,0:04:00.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we take good care of each other.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.08,0:04:05.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Bring up that seed of caretaking.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.81,0:04:13.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then our heart opens and we,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:15.89,0:04:19.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we water the seed of joy\Nin the other person.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:21.88,0:04:25.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(fr.) Ça va? Okay, voilà.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:26.17,0:04:29.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So dear respected Thay,\Ndear brothers and sisters,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.82,0:04:32.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,today is the 6th of December
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.42,0:04:35.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the year 2018,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:36.18,0:04:38.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we are gathered in
Dialogue: 0,0:04:39.90,0:04:44.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Loving Kindness temple,\Nin New Hamlet,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.30,0:04:51.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the last lay day Dharma talk\Nof the Winter Retreat.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:53.04,0:04:55.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(fr.) N'est-ce pas?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.44,0:05:11.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is a very wonderful book called\NThe Diamond That Cuts Through Illusion.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:12.75,0:05:14.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it's
Dialogue: 0,0:05:16.74,0:05:23.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thay's teaching on the Vajracchedikā\NPrajñāpāramitā Sūtra,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:23.52,0:05:26.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or sometimes called The Diamond Sutra.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:26.50,0:05:29.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The diamond that cuts through illusion.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:29.86,0:05:34.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I was preparing for this talk\Nreading through this book,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:34.83,0:05:38.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I remembered that it was one,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:38.57,0:05:42.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think the first book of Thay's\Nthat I read all the way through.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:42.48,0:05:45.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Somebody had given it to me\Nwhen I was a lay friend
Dialogue: 0,0:05:45.77,0:05:49.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,practicing in a Vipassana center.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:50.16,0:05:53.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it was like receiving\Na stroke of lighting.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:54.87,0:05:56.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I, and -
Dialogue: 0,0:06:00.76,0:06:03.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The sangha asks us
Dialogue: 0,0:06:04.22,0:06:07.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to look into this sutra today
Dialogue: 0,0:06:08.81,0:06:14.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as the last lay Dharma talk.\NLay day Dharma talk.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:16.25,0:06:22.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I practice getting in touch with\Nthe teaching in the Diamond Sutra.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:24.53,0:06:30.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But somehow I've forgotten that I -\NHow important finding this book was to me,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:30.66,0:06:35.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and my study of Thay's teaching.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:38.73,0:06:41.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so, actually\NI re-read it this morning.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:41.96,0:06:44.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:06:45.45,0:06:48.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sometimes it's like that.\NBecause Thay is such a
Dialogue: 0,0:06:49.14,0:06:51.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,profound teacher,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:51.72,0:06:56.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that sometimes I like to look\Nin other places first.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:56.73,0:07:00.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because I know when I read\NThay's teaching, Thay's -
Dialogue: 0,0:07:03.98,0:07:06.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One thunderbolt after another.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.00,0:07:12.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it is difficult to find areas that\NThay doesn't go into,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:12.70,0:07:17.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that Thay doesn't reveal deeply.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:23.51,0:07:28.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we are invited this morning\Nto look into this teaching.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:28.22,0:07:31.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How many of you have ever read\NThe Diamond Sutra?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:32.45,0:07:35.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Wow! Okay, not bad!
Dialogue: 0,0:07:43.05,0:07:46.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I want to start to share\Na little bit about
Dialogue: 0,0:07:47.22,0:07:49.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the relationship of this teaching with
Dialogue: 0,0:07:50.01,0:07:53.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some other teachings\Nwe already had in this retreat.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:53.60,0:07:56.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we've learned about mindful breathing,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:56.34,0:07:59.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we've going into\Nthe 14 mindfulness trainings.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:01.02,0:08:04.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we know the Sutra on Mindful Breathing,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:04.20,0:08:07.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Sutra on the Four\NEstablishments of Mindfulness
Dialogue: 0,0:08:07.62,0:08:10.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are very old teachings of the Buddha.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:11.16,0:08:15.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Like the teachings that the Buddha\Ngave later in his life.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:15.49,0:08:19.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At that time the sangha\Nhad grown quite large,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:20.00,0:08:23.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it was not so easy\Nas just going
Dialogue: 0,0:08:24.26,0:08:28.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the Buddha website and\Nregistering for a retreat
Dialogue: 0,0:08:28.66,0:08:32.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to go study personally with the Buddha.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:33.11,0:08:35.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's not so easy.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:35.32,0:08:39.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,People only learned about the Buddha\Nthrough word of mouth.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:44.88,0:08:49.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When the Buddha first came to\Na big city, to Rajgir,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:52.22,0:08:56.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which at that time was the capital
Dialogue: 0,0:08:58.45,0:09:01.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of that region of Magadha,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:03.99,0:09:07.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they spread the word
Dialogue: 0,0:09:08.40,0:09:12.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to all the women, and the parents,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:12.69,0:09:17.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,'Please, take care! Hide your men!
Dialogue: 0,0:09:17.66,0:09:20.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because the Buddha is coming,\Nand wherever he goes,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:20.98,0:09:23.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,many of the men become monks!'
Dialogue: 0,0:09:23.74,0:09:25.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:09:25.42,0:09:27.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,'Be careful!'
Dialogue: 0,0:09:28.57,0:09:33.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the teaching of the Buddha\Nin this day and age sometimes we forget
Dialogue: 0,0:09:33.40,0:09:37.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was very dependent on physically\Nmeeting the Buddha.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:38.24,0:09:41.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He didn't have a -
Dialogue: 0,0:09:43.03,0:09:47.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an iPhone, or a GPS transmitter,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:47.47,0:09:50.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so it is not easy to find\Nwhere the Buddha is.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:51.29,0:09:53.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You had to ask.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:58.73,0:10:01.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the early community,\Nas it began to grow,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:01.100,0:10:07.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was surrounded by monks that\Nhad studied personally with the Buddha.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:07.85,0:10:11.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They had spent time living with him,\Nwalking with him,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:11.20,0:10:13.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,going on alms round with him.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:15.02,0:10:19.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so a lot of what they learned\Nwas just by watching him.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:19.23,0:10:23.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Watching how he talked,\Nwatching how he walked.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:27.08,0:10:29.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Listening directly to his teaching.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:38.15,0:10:40.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are listening to a direct teaching now.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:41.14,0:10:42.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:10:42.73,0:10:45.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,From the Buddha himself.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:53.12,0:10:55.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So often times,\Nwhen we talk about the Dharma,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:56.11,0:10:58.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we think about some book.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:59.79,0:11:02.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And when we study the Dharma,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:02.30,0:11:05.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we need to go buy that book\Nand we need to read that book.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:05.96,0:11:10.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But that would be completely foreign\Nto the sangha of the Buddha.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:12.25,0:11:16.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,None of what the Buddha was teaching\Nwas being written down as far as we know
Dialogue: 0,0:11:16.64,0:11:21.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at that time. In fact,\Nwriting was considered a kind of
Dialogue: 0,0:11:22.37,0:11:28.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,lower form of transmitting\Nor communicating.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:30.100,0:11:33.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When something was -
Dialogue: 0,0:11:33.94,0:11:36.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When something was sacred,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:37.01,0:11:40.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then it would come directly\Nfrom the mouth of a teacher.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:40.58,0:11:43.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the teaching came orally.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:47.98,0:11:51.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nowadays we are like -\NWe've turned it upside down.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:51.36,0:11:54.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If something is written down,\Nwe take it as an authority,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:54.54,0:12:00.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but if it is said from spoken word we tend\Nto question whether it's true or not.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:01.05,0:12:03.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we suffer a lot.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:04.14,0:12:07.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so, hopefully, in looking into\NThe Diamond Sutra
Dialogue: 0,0:12:07.58,0:12:10.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we will be able to pierce through\Nthat veil of,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:11.81,0:12:14.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that veil of delusion.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:22.46,0:12:26.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our practice is always to come back\Nto the here and now,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:26.19,0:12:30.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to experience life as it is\Nin the present moment.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:31.88,0:12:35.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is a - Is there is something\Nthat we can call truth,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:36.93,0:12:41.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the Plum Village tradition\Nin the Buddhist teaching it is that.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:41.48,0:12:45.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's that truth is found in life.\NNot in books,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:45.28,0:12:49.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not even in the words of people,\Nwhat people tell us.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:50.49,0:12:54.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even if that person is a very\Nprominent spiritual teacher.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:56.17,0:12:59.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thay always reminds us\Nthat we need to take the teaching
Dialogue: 0,0:12:59.48,0:13:03.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and apply it in our daily life.\NThat is where we find truth.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:06.01,0:13:08.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we walk the talk.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:12.06,0:13:14.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But we know that
Dialogue: 0,0:13:15.02,0:13:18.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,studying the teachings\Ncan benefit our practice.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:19.16,0:13:22.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It can help us to break through
Dialogue: 0,0:13:22.36,0:13:26.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a view that we are holding on to tightly.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:27.14,0:13:31.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We can become aware of the ways in which\Nour vision is limited.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:32.60,0:13:35.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Like the blinders on a horse.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:35.36,0:13:39.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We only see the way forward
Dialogue: 0,0:13:40.74,0:13:44.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so that we only continue to walk forward.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:44.86,0:13:48.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And much (inaudible) education\Nin the modern world
Dialogue: 0,0:13:48.63,0:13:56.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is really how to get well-fitting blinders\Nso that we do the things
Dialogue: 0,0:13:57.11,0:14:01.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that are expected of us.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:04.11,0:14:09.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That we get a job, that we make money,\Nthat we have a family, that we
Dialogue: 0,0:14:11.01,0:14:13.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so we can have a car, and a house,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:14.02,0:14:17.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then we can go home\Nand enjoy Christmas together.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:18.05,0:14:20.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then we can yell at each other.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:20.81,0:14:22.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:14:22.37,0:14:24.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And complain, and, yeah.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:24.58,0:14:28.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because of all the problems we have\Nmaking sure we have a house, and a car,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:28.77,0:14:32.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a family, and a job, and money,\Nand all those things.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:33.17,0:14:37.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So our current education system\Nis designed like that,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:38.61,0:14:43.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to try to increase our capacity\Nto obtain those things.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:45.62,0:14:48.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Those objects of desire.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:54.46,0:14:57.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So when the Buddha walked into Rajgir,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:59.10,0:15:01.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he cut through all of that
Dialogue: 0,0:15:02.46,0:15:10.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by his mindful step, his mindful gaze,\Nhis mindful speech.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:12.96,0:15:16.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And many young men\Nwho were very well-educated,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:16.60,0:15:21.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,many of them who studied to become\Nthe spiritual leaders of their community,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:23.30,0:15:25.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,prominent priests
Dialogue: 0,0:15:26.75,0:15:30.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who would take care of the spiritual needs\Nof their community,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:31.99,0:15:35.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just by seeing the Buddha\Nwalking mindfully,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:36.98,0:15:39.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,looking mindfully,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:40.15,0:15:43.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,eating mindfully,\Nspeaking mindfully,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:44.16,0:15:48.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they cut through the veil\Nof their delusion, those blinders they had
Dialogue: 0,0:15:48.72,0:15:55.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that were keeping them\Non the path that was accepted in society
Dialogue: 0,0:15:55.56,0:15:58.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for them to walk on.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:59.96,0:16:06.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so that is why they warned people,\N'Please hide your son, hide your husband!'
Dialogue: 0,0:16:08.84,0:16:13.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,People were afraid of what can happen\Nwhen people remove those blinders,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:13.34,0:16:16.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when suddenly their view becomes\Nvery wide and open,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:17.10,0:16:22.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they go beyond just the limited idea\Nof who they are,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:22.29,0:16:24.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and what they are here for.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:26.30,0:16:29.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this teaching of The Diamond Sutra
Dialogue: 0,0:16:31.98,0:16:34.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is part of the fruit of a tradition\Nthat developed
Dialogue: 0,0:16:35.83,0:16:39.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when the Buddha was\Nno longer physically there
Dialogue: 0,0:16:41.50,0:16:46.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the form of which we think of him\Nas a human being walking on the Earth.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:53.94,0:16:57.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And for many centuries the monks,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:57.34,0:17:02.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in order to get in touch with\Nthe Dharma body of the Buddha,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:03.95,0:17:06.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without his physical presence,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:07.25,0:17:13.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,had begun orally reciting
Dialogue: 0,0:17:15.01,0:17:19.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the teachings that the Buddha gave\Nin many different situations.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:20.86,0:17:24.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Chanting them regularly,\Nand then
Dialogue: 0,0:17:26.09,0:17:30.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,teaching the young monks that came in\Nalso to chant them.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:30.42,0:17:36.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so the teachings were passed on\Nthrough this practice of oral recitation.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:38.46,0:17:41.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Also the precepts, we call the Vinaya,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:42.28,0:17:45.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it means the way of life\Nof the monastic community,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:45.65,0:17:48.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was regularly chanted
Dialogue: 0,0:17:48.28,0:17:50.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and recited in that way.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:56.22,0:17:58.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And at some point,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:59.29,0:18:02.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people started to write them down
Dialogue: 0,0:18:02.35,0:18:04.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on palm leaves.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:05.82,0:18:08.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Can of like a cheat sheet.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:10.77,0:18:14.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But sometimes they forgot some passage
Dialogue: 0,0:18:15.23,0:18:18.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or maybe a monk would go\Nto a very remote area,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:18.95,0:18:21.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he wanted to make sure that
Dialogue: 0,0:18:22.12,0:18:23.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he would not be a -
Dialogue: 0,0:18:25.59,0:18:30.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the midst of a large community, where\Nthere would be elders he could consult
Dialogue: 0,0:18:30.58,0:18:33.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when he forgot one passage of the sutra.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:34.28,0:18:38.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Maybe there was one text\Nlike the Dharmapada
Dialogue: 0,0:18:38.26,0:18:43.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which had very precise sayings\Nand he wanted to remember them exactly.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:43.43,0:18:47.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So he started to write them down\Non palm leaves
Dialogue: 0,0:18:48.10,0:18:51.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so that he could bring them with him\Nin his robe.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:52.49,0:18:59.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And whenever he forgot a line, he could\Ntake them out to remember that line.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:59.88,0:19:02.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So a kind of cheat sheet.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:06.82,0:19:11.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A new technology,\Nvery controversial.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:12.70,0:19:14.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Like the Internet.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:17.40,0:19:19.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:20.35,0:19:24.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this new form\Nof transmitting the Dharma
Dialogue: 0,0:19:25.86,0:19:30.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,brought in new issues in the community.\NJust like the Internet
Dialogue: 0,0:19:31.46,0:19:33.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has brought in new
Dialogue: 0,0:19:35.41,0:19:38.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,wonderful things\Nand also sometimes difficult things
Dialogue: 0,0:19:39.11,0:19:41.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into our monastic community.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:43.53,0:19:46.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So in the same way, writing also
Dialogue: 0,0:19:47.28,0:19:49.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,did the same thing.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:50.84,0:19:54.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we have to a little bit\Nexpand our view
Dialogue: 0,0:19:55.70,0:19:59.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to see ourselves in a time\Nwhen we don't have books everywhere,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:59.60,0:20:02.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we don't have the telephone,\Nor we don't have Internet.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:02.83,0:20:05.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we deeply want to practice the Dharma.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:06.09,0:20:09.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We take refuge in the Buddha,\Nin the Dharma, in the Sangha.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:10.89,0:20:14.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we know the sangha is all around us.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:15.80,0:20:20.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At that time, the sangha was clearly\Nthe monastic community.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:27.21,0:20:29.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the Dharma with how we
Dialogue: 0,0:20:31.97,0:20:35.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,see the Buddha in ourselves.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:35.58,0:20:38.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Through studying the Dharma,\Nwe learn how to
Dialogue: 0,0:20:38.60,0:20:42.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,reveal the nature of awakening\Nalready within us.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:46.56,0:20:51.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So keeping in touch with the Dharma\Nis very important.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:52.72,0:20:56.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so how do we do that when the sangha
Dialogue: 0,0:20:56.40,0:20:59.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is going a little bit everywhere\Nall over India?
Dialogue: 0,0:21:03.46,0:21:07.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we can write it down\Nso we can remember.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:07.60,0:21:10.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the words themselves took on
Dialogue: 0,0:21:11.23,0:21:13.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a kind of sacred meaning.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:14.12,0:21:17.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,First the oral word\Nand then the written word.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:17.69,0:21:20.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Can we listen to\Nthe sound of the bell?
Dialogue: 0,0:21:21.54,0:21:23.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We come back to our body.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:24.20,0:21:25.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Bell)
Dialogue: 0,0:21:27.71,0:21:34.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Bell)
Dialogue: 0,0:21:46.58,0:21:50.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If we are a Christian,\Nit is not difficult for us
Dialogue: 0,0:21:50.39,0:21:55.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to understand how the word\Nbecomes sacred.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:56.76,0:22:00.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you read the Gospel of John,\NI think it says,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:01.53,0:22:05.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,'In the beginning,\Nthere was the Word -
Dialogue: 0,0:22:06.14,0:22:08.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Word is God\Nand God is the Word.'
Dialogue: 0,0:22:09.32,0:22:11.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Logos.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:11.52,0:22:14.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Greek word is logos.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:14.90,0:22:18.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Was God, and God is Logos.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:19.39,0:22:21.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If we are Muslim,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:24.55,0:22:29.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we know that to recite the Koran\Nin Arabic has a special importance.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:31.71,0:22:36.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A translation is only an approximation\Nof the direct word of the God
Dialogue: 0,0:22:36.55,0:22:39.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as it was told to Muhammad.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:39.40,0:22:41.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In Arabic.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:42.93,0:22:47.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Also we know in the Jewish tradition\Nthere is a similar attitude.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:47.32,0:22:51.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ultimately the name of God\Nwe cannot pronounce.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:53.90,0:22:56.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is only an approximation.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:57.78,0:23:03.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Recently I was asked by the community\Nto go to Abu Dhabi.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:04.78,0:23:08.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we went in the mosque there,\Nand they had
Dialogue: 0,0:23:11.01,0:23:13.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,100 names of God.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:15.27,0:23:20.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So there are many names,\Nlike The Firm One, The Infinite One,
Dialogue: 0,0:23:22.24,0:23:26.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,written in Arabic\Nin beautiful thorough patterns
Dialogue: 0,0:23:26.20,0:23:31.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all in the wall, in the main prayer room\Nin the mosque in Abu Dhabi.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:32.20,0:23:34.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But a the very top,
Dialogue: 0,0:23:34.59,0:23:38.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there is a very beautiful floral pattern
Dialogue: 0,0:23:38.50,0:23:41.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,around empty tiles.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:43.00,0:23:46.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the 100th name of God\Ncannot be pronounced.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:47.37,0:23:50.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is empty of form.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:55.57,0:23:59.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And at that time, in India,\Nwhen the Buddha was teaching,
Dialogue: 0,0:23:59.77,0:24:04.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there was also this sense that\Nthe word had a sacred quality.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:09.03,0:24:13.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There were two young Brahmin men\Nwho came to the Buddha,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:13.66,0:24:16.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and were very concerned about
Dialogue: 0,0:24:17.41,0:24:20.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the future of the Buddha's teaching.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:21.13,0:24:27.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they knew that in the Vedic tradition,\Nthey were trained to orally recite
Dialogue: 0,0:24:28.24,0:24:32.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the words of the Rigveda\Nand other sacred texts,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:33.81,0:24:36.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to commit them to memory,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:36.93,0:24:40.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in order to approach
Dialogue: 0,0:24:42.28,0:24:44.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,God, to approach
Dialogue: 0,0:24:47.60,0:24:49.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,liberation.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:54.36,0:24:56.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:59.20,0:25:02.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and because of their love\Nof the Buddhist teaching,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:02.46,0:25:05.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they were monastic disciples\Nof the Buddha,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:06.30,0:25:08.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they said, 'We need to do that!
Dialogue: 0,0:25:08.96,0:25:12.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Please Buddha, let us put your teachings\Ninto verse!'
Dialogue: 0,0:25:13.82,0:25:19.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Into the formal language\Nthat we now call Sanskrit,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:20.86,0:25:24.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so that future generations\Nwould benefit
Dialogue: 0,0:25:25.20,0:25:27.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and be able to remember it.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:27.98,0:25:30.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the Buddha said, 'No!
Dialogue: 0,0:25:32.24,0:25:35.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You have misunderstood my teaching.'
Dialogue: 0,0:25:36.55,0:25:39.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm paraphrasing a little bit.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:39.15,0:25:41.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:25:41.82,0:25:47.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He told them, 'My teachings should be\Ntaught in the common language,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:49.25,0:25:52.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the vernacular,\Nthe language of the people.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:52.90,0:25:56.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The daily language that people use.'
Dialogue: 0,0:25:56.89,0:25:59.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So he refused them,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:03.78,0:26:06.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to give in to their fear
Dialogue: 0,0:26:07.40,0:26:09.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the teachings disappearing.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:11.27,0:26:15.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It means that the Buddhist tradition\Ncontinues through the realized practice
Dialogue: 0,0:26:16.32,0:26:19.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of living human beings.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:20.83,0:26:25.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not through a word, or a text.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:26.54,0:26:30.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is how the Buddha is offering us.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:32.79,0:26:38.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In our laziness sometimes to practice,\Nwe want to put up some text
Dialogue: 0,0:26:39.07,0:26:41.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as being the ultimate.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:41.56,0:26:45.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if we want to discover God,\Nwe only have to look in there.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:45.27,0:26:48.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We only have to read that text\Nand then we will find God,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:48.88,0:26:52.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we will find Awakening,\Nwe will find Liberation.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:52.76,0:26:56.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the Buddha said, no,\Nhe didn't allow us to be that lazy.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:01.93,0:27:05.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the Diamond Sutra
Dialogue: 0,0:27:05.95,0:27:11.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is arising after the teachings\Nof the Buddha had began to be written down
Dialogue: 0,0:27:11.37,0:27:14.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for already a few hundred years.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:16.01,0:27:22.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so, very quickly the monastic\Ncommunity started to depend on
Dialogue: 0,0:27:22.83,0:27:28.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these written teachings\Nto get in contact with the Dharma,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:28.66,0:27:32.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rather than looking to\Ntheir brothers around them.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:33.45,0:27:37.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Rather than taking refuge maybe\Nin the elder brothers,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:37.16,0:27:40.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and their capacity to recite,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:40.58,0:27:43.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,teach and put into practice the Dharma.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:43.60,0:27:48.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And instead they started to look for it\Nin the words on a page.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:48.83,0:27:53.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That was where the true Dharma lived!
Dialogue: 0,0:27:53.17,0:27:57.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not in my elder brother,\Nor my elder sister.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:59.27,0:28:03.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They don't say it so explicitly, they just\Nspend all their time studying the text.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:03.97,0:28:06.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they don't spend very much time
Dialogue: 0,0:28:07.20,0:28:11.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,taking refuge in the brothers and sisters\Nin the Dharma.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:15.19,0:28:18.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so, as a result of that phenomena,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:19.92,0:28:24.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and also the experience of reading\Nthe Buddhist teachings,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:24.51,0:28:27.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,written down on these palm leaves
Dialogue: 0,0:28:27.68,0:28:31.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which soon became\Nsacred objects in their own right,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:31.74,0:28:34.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then many monks,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:34.97,0:28:37.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and perhaps nuns,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:38.43,0:28:40.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,began to
Dialogue: 0,0:28:42.19,0:28:47.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,try to find a way to help\Nthe young monastics
Dialogue: 0,0:28:47.20,0:28:51.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to become free from that attachment\Nto the written word,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:52.56,0:28:58.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to become free from the attachment to\Nthe form of the teaching.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:03.24,0:29:09.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so, a whole form of literature we call\Nprajñāpāramitā arose.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:11.43,0:29:19.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These are teachings that were written down\Nand they spoke about how to
Dialogue: 0,0:29:22.71,0:29:26.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,awaken to the highest understanding.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:27.52,0:29:30.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The understanding of the Buddha
Dialogue: 0,0:29:30.42,0:29:33.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which cannot be found in words,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:34.100,0:29:38.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but can only be lived and touched directly
Dialogue: 0,0:29:38.61,0:29:42.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in our life, in our practice.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:42.50,0:29:46.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it is in that spirit that Thay founded\NPlum Village,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:46.89,0:29:49.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to create a community of practice,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:49.78,0:29:53.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to create a community\Nwhere there is the living Dharma,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:54.59,0:29:57.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not just the Dharma\Nthat can be found in books.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:57.42,0:30:00.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thay said, if you want to\Nget a degree
Dialogue: 0,0:30:01.71,0:30:05.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in an Institute of High Buddhist Studies,\Nthen you can go to many universities
Dialogue: 0,0:30:05.71,0:30:07.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and do that.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:10.74,0:30:14.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But if you want to realize\Nthe living Dharma,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:14.63,0:30:17.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then you need a community of practice.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:18.98,0:30:23.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is what the Buddha built,\Nhe built a beautiful sangha,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:23.37,0:30:25.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,walking into Rajgir.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:32.88,0:30:35.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is a beautiful scene, where
Dialogue: 0,0:30:35.71,0:30:38.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Buddha walks into Rajgir,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:38.38,0:30:43.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he is with Uruvela Kasyapa,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:44.80,0:30:48.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who was a very famous spiritual teacher.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:48.29,0:30:51.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He and his brothers they led a number of
Dialogue: 0,0:30:51.89,0:30:57.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,kind of dreadlocked spiritual ascetics\Nin that region.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:59.03,0:31:02.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they worshiped this fire.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:02.67,0:31:05.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we can take a word as a sacred,
Dialogue: 0,0:31:05.80,0:31:09.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we can also take fire,\Nor some object in nature
Dialogue: 0,0:31:09.80,0:31:12.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and worship it as sacred, as the ultimate.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:13.20,0:31:16.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So they were part of a kind of\Nfire worshiping cult.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:18.42,0:31:21.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the Buddha came in and he -
Dialogue: 0,0:31:22.15,0:31:25.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And because Uruvela Kasyapa had\Na community of many people,
Dialogue: 0,0:31:25.67,0:31:27.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,many disciples,
Dialogue: 0,0:31:28.16,0:31:30.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he was a little bit proud.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:31.90,0:31:35.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so it took\Nmany teachings from the Buddha
Dialogue: 0,0:31:35.46,0:31:38.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,before he realized\Nthat the Buddha actually
Dialogue: 0,0:31:38.39,0:31:42.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,had awaken to a deeper understanding.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:44.48,0:31:49.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm not going into it now, but\Nyou can read it in the Vinaya.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:51.14,0:31:53.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Eventually, after many
Dialogue: 0,0:31:55.25,0:32:01.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,times of seeing the Buddha\Nprove his deep understanding,
Dialogue: 0,0:32:01.66,0:32:04.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Kasyapa eventually accepted him\Nas his teacher.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:05.80,0:32:07.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's kind of like
Dialogue: 0,0:32:07.83,0:32:11.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a monk suddenly\Nshowing up here in Plum Village,
Dialogue: 0,0:32:11.30,0:32:15.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then, over the course of many weeks,
Dialogue: 0,0:32:16.28,0:32:20.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the eldest brothers and sisters\Nand the community suddenly accept,
Dialogue: 0,0:32:20.86,0:32:23.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,'You are now our teacher.'
Dialogue: 0,0:32:23.28,0:32:25.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can imagine such a thing.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:26.85,0:32:31.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sometimes in Plum Village in the past\Nwe had people come in a little bit
Dialogue: 0,0:32:33.05,0:32:35.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,unstable mentally, and they believed
Dialogue: 0,0:32:35.87,0:32:39.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they would be the new teacher\Nof the community.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:39.16,0:32:43.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But, unlike the Buddha, they didn't have\Nthat deep understanding, and so -
Dialogue: 0,0:32:45.79,0:32:49.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But sometimes that happened\Nin a spiritual community.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:50.13,0:32:53.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So Uruvela Kasyapa was not quite sure.\N'The Buddha really
Dialogue: 0,0:32:54.29,0:32:56.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has a deep understanding?
Dialogue: 0,0:32:56.66,0:33:01.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My eye kept seeing my understanding\Nis still deeper, still higher.'
Dialogue: 0,0:33:01.51,0:33:08.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But eventually, he could not - He saw\Na few wonderful actions of the Buddha
Dialogue: 0,0:33:08.48,0:33:14.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that he could not deny any longer\Nthe understanding of the Buddha,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:14.35,0:33:18.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he accepted the Buddha as his teacher.\NAnd then, immediately after that,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:18.35,0:33:21.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all of his students,\Nwho probably already had realized
Dialogue: 0,0:33:21.92,0:33:26.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Buddha's deep understanding,\Nthey became disciples as well right away.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:26.88,0:33:30.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then his two brothers as well\Nand their communities.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:30.55,0:33:33.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So very quickly the sangha\Nbecame quite large,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:33.57,0:33:35.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and all these kind of
Dialogue: 0,0:33:35.84,0:33:40.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,grungy looking dreadlocked ascetics,\Nthey shaved off their dreads,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:41.10,0:33:43.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and became,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:44.96,0:33:49.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they got a robe and a bowl\Nand they started following the Buddha.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:49.70,0:33:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so there was a very interesting scene,\Nwhere the Buddha walks into Rajgir,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:54.11,0:33:57.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the people are quite confused,\Nbecause they never heard of the Buddha.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:58.12,0:34:02.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But everyone knows about Uruvela Kasyapa,\Nhe is a very famous spiritual teacher,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:02.61,0:34:08.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he is all over YouTube, and, you know,\Nmany people are buying his books,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:08.97,0:34:13.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you can see all over the airports,\Nand anyway, you know what I mean.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:14.28,0:34:15.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:34:15.88,0:34:18.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so, when the Buddha came in,\Npeople are quite confused,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:19.12,0:34:22.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because they saw Uruvela Kasyapa\Nand the Buddha, and they said,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:22.49,0:34:25.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,'Is the Buddha the student\Nof Uruvela Kasyapa?
Dialogue: 0,0:34:25.20,0:34:28.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or is Uruvela Kasyapa\Nthe student of the Buddha?'
Dialogue: 0,0:34:28.28,0:34:30.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They did not know.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:31.08,0:34:32.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:33.46,0:34:39.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at that moment, Kasyapa begins to fan\Nthe Buddha.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:39.68,0:34:42.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it is at that moment that the people\Nknow that, 'Ah!
Dialogue: 0,0:34:43.08,0:34:46.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Uruvela Kasyapa has now become\Nthe student of the Buddha.'
Dialogue: 0,0:34:47.34,0:34:53.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And through that gesture, he recognizes\Nhe is now studying with the Buddha.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:56.15,0:35:01.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are all kinds of beautiful teachings\Nlike this in the Buddhist teachings.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:02.64,0:35:05.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Maybe we can listen\Nto another sound of the bell.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:05.73,0:35:07.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Bell)
Dialogue: 0,0:35:10.93,0:35:16.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Bell)
Dialogue: 0,0:35:28.93,0:35:33.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So looking around us,\Nas a monk,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:34.21,0:35:37.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a few hundred years before the Common Era,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:37.52,0:35:41.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,maybe in the northwest of India,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:42.68,0:35:48.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and seeing how our monastic brothers\Nand sisters are now
Dialogue: 0,0:35:49.80,0:35:55.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,spending much of their time reading\Nthe sutras in written form rather than,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:56.37,0:36:00.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in addition to reciting them but how this\Nreading is now taking on a new importance,
Dialogue: 0,0:36:02.18,0:36:04.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and seeing how -
Dialogue: 0,0:36:06.28,0:36:09.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes, because when we live together\Nas monastics,
Dialogue: 0,0:36:11.69,0:36:15.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we come to understand each other\Npretty deeply.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:15.95,0:36:20.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are not very blinded by\Nthe insights of our brothers and sisters.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:22.86,0:36:25.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think Thay Pháp Dung\Ngave the talk last week.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:25.88,0:36:28.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He told me he came up with a new line,
Dialogue: 0,0:36:28.77,0:36:31.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,'It's hard to live with people\Nwho understand us.'
Dialogue: 0,0:36:32.14,0:36:34.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:36:35.46,0:36:39.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is very easy to come for a week,\Nor two weeks, or even a few months,
Dialogue: 0,0:36:39.91,0:36:43.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but then when people\Nstart to understand us, oh!
Dialogue: 0,0:36:43.91,0:36:47.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It becomes a little bit difficult.\NBecause they always seem to be looking at
Dialogue: 0,0:36:47.54,0:36:50.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,those things that we don't want\Nto look at in ourselves!
Dialogue: 0,0:36:50.17,0:36:51.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:36:53.21,0:36:57.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I think something like that\Nhappened as well in those monasteries.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:57.41,0:36:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the monks looked around,\Nand they said,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:00.22,0:37:03.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,'Mmm, wow! He knows a lot\Nabout the Dharma!'
Dialogue: 0,0:37:03.78,0:37:07.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He can teach the Abhidharma,\Nthe highest form of the Dharma,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:08.03,0:37:15.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where everything becomes atomic particles\Nof the teachings of the Buddha,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:21.14,0:37:24.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,'But he still slurps a lot\Nwhen he eats his food,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:25.83,0:37:27.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he
Dialogue: 0,0:37:29.39,0:37:31.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,smells really bad,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:33.31,0:37:35.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,walks unmindfully.'
Dialogue: 0,0:37:38.19,0:37:43.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this attachment to knowledge\Nbecame a virtue in itself.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:44.54,0:37:47.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And even though the Buddha\Ntaught very clearly
Dialogue: 0,0:37:47.36,0:37:50.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that knowledge, along with afflictions,\Nare the main obstacles,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:51.24,0:37:53.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the main hindrances to awakening,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:53.95,0:37:58.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but the community became\Na little bit attached to its knowledge.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:00.24,0:38:04.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the monasteries become a kind of\Nivory towers
Dialogue: 0,0:38:05.13,0:38:09.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,guarding the sacred\Nteachings of the Dharma,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:10.64,0:38:15.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,no longer very concerned with\Nthe life of the common people.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:16.15,0:38:22.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that the teaching that the Buddha gave\Nabout not putting my teaching in verse
Dialogue: 0,0:38:22.32,0:38:25.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but teaching in the language\Nof the common people,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:26.19,0:38:30.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,although the monks would be very able\Nto recite that teaching,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:30.56,0:38:34.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but that is not how they were living\Nso much some of them.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:36.77,0:38:42.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so, as a monk living in that time,\Nand trying to renew Buddhism,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:42.27,0:38:44.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what do you do?
Dialogue: 0,0:38:44.69,0:38:47.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How do you deal with the situation?
Dialogue: 0,0:38:47.50,0:38:51.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How can you use this written form,\Nthis new written form
Dialogue: 0,0:38:52.61,0:38:55.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as an skillful way
Dialogue: 0,0:38:55.70,0:38:59.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to help people to\Nget beyond the attachment
Dialogue: 0,0:39:00.13,0:39:02.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the words that the Buddha taught?
Dialogue: 0,0:39:03.25,0:39:06.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How can you help\Nto cut through the delusion
Dialogue: 0,0:39:07.42,0:39:12.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the words themselves are the Dharma?
Dialogue: 0,0:39:12.73,0:39:17.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That the words themselves\Nare the teaching that the Buddha offered?
Dialogue: 0,0:39:18.23,0:39:25.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So out of that deep wish, deep hope\Nto renew Buddhism
Dialogue: 0,0:39:27.22,0:39:33.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,came these new texts called\Nthe prajñāpāramitā texts.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:35.15,0:39:36.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How can we
Dialogue: 0,0:39:37.87,0:39:41.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,get the insight that brings us\Nto the other shore?
Dialogue: 0,0:39:43.03,0:39:47.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We don't just sit down\Nin the same shore with that insight.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:47.47,0:39:51.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It has to bring us to the other shore,\Nit means we have to walk the talk.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:52.12,0:39:55.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We cannot just hold on to our knowledge
Dialogue: 0,0:39:56.18,0:40:02.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a way of getting offerings,\Nof getting status, getting respect.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:08.75,0:40:13.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so these teachings of prajñāpāramitā\Nthey became quite lengthy.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:15.10,0:40:19.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And there were many texts we don't know\Nexactly where they were written.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:20.15,0:40:23.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We don't have that much information.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:23.23,0:40:27.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We didn't have somebody making a video\Nof the Dharma talks
Dialogue: 0,0:40:28.36,0:40:33.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the early prajñāpāramitā with the date\Nwritten on the board.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:34.29,0:40:37.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it's very difficult for us\Nto know exactly when,
Dialogue: 0,0:40:37.78,0:40:43.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we have to use different means\Nto try to place the exact location
Dialogue: 0,0:40:44.54,0:40:47.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where these texts where composed.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:49.28,0:40:53.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the internal evidences from the text\Nsuggest what I'm sharing is that
Dialogue: 0,0:40:53.77,0:40:59.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there was a response to the increasing\Nscholastic nature of monastic life.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:59.64,0:41:03.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So how can we recreate\Nthrough the form of a text
Dialogue: 0,0:41:04.29,0:41:08.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the experience of\Nbeing near the Buddha?
Dialogue: 0,0:41:09.60,0:41:11.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How can we recreate
Dialogue: 0,0:41:13.07,0:41:19.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the written form, the kind of awakening\Nthat is experienced
Dialogue: 0,0:41:20.58,0:41:24.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by someone directly witnessing\Nhow the Buddha walked,
Dialogue: 0,0:41:24.83,0:41:29.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how the Buddha talked, how the Buddha ate,\Nand how the Buddha taught?
Dialogue: 0,0:41:30.37,0:41:37.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is the aspiration of these monastics\Nwho composed these prajñāpāramitā texts.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:37.66,0:41:42.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they knew full well that\Nthe danger also came with that.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:43.31,0:41:47.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Which is that people would start to\Ntake these new texts and make them
Dialogue: 0,0:41:49.10,0:41:51.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,holy and sacred.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:56.55,0:41:59.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So somehow we have to build into it,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:01.91,0:42:04.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the teaching that allows us to see
Dialogue: 0,0:42:04.52,0:42:07.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the words themselves\Nare only representations,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:07.94,0:42:11.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they are not the deep teaching.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:15.68,0:42:20.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay, so we are going to start\Nto look into this a little bit.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:20.63,0:42:26.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I'm just going to really what is\Nthe most essential part of the teaching.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:27.89,0:42:32.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I hope you have a chance\Nto read the rest for yourself.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:33.14,0:42:36.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"This is what I heard one time
Dialogue: 0,0:42:36.43,0:42:40.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when the Buddha was staying\Nin the monastery in Anathapindika’s park
Dialogue: 0,0:42:40.75,0:42:47.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the Jeta Grove near Shravasti with\Na community of 1,250 bhikshus,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:48.02,0:42:50.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fully ordained monks.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:54.09,0:42:57.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That day, when it was time\Nto make the round for alms,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:58.07,0:43:00.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Buddha put on his sanghati robe
Dialogue: 0,0:43:01.61,0:43:08.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and, holding his bowl, went into the city\Nof Shravasti to seek almsfood,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:09.70,0:43:12.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,going from house to house.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:12.91,0:43:15.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When the almsround was completed,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:15.45,0:43:18.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he returned to the monastery\Nto eat the midday meal.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:18.81,0:43:23.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then he put away his sanghati robe\Nand his bowl, washed his feet,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:23.63,0:43:26.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,arranged his cushion, and sat down."
Dialogue: 0,0:43:30.76,0:43:35.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the teaching of the sutra\Nis happening in Shravasti,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:35.96,0:43:39.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a place where the Buddha\Nspent many of his rain's retreats,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:40.11,0:43:43.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not far from modern-day Nepal.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:47.47,0:43:51.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And there was a monastery\Nthat had been founded there.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:56.40,0:43:59.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We may have heard of Anathapindika,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:59.23,0:44:02.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in our Chanting Book we have\Na wonderful discourse on
Dialogue: 0,0:44:02.52,0:44:07.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Teachings to Be Given to the Sick,\Nwhich Shariputra offers to Anathapindika
Dialogue: 0,0:44:08.07,0:44:12.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when he is passing away. He was\Na very loved lay disciple of the Buddha
Dialogue: 0,0:44:13.19,0:44:16.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who lives a very simple life
Dialogue: 0,0:44:17.10,0:44:19.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he was called Anathapindika,
Dialogue: 0,0:44:19.71,0:44:23.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it wasn't the name\Nthat he was given at birth,
Dialogue: 0,0:44:25.00,0:44:31.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it's a name that means\N'the one who gives to the poor'.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:31.66,0:44:33.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Anatha are those who -
Dialogue: 0,0:44:34.01,0:44:36.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,An-atha, it means\N'those who don't have wealth',
Dialogue: 0,0:44:37.09,0:44:41.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and pindika is 'food', a kind of like\Nalmsfood.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:41.75,0:44:45.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So he was known as the one\Nwho was always offering food
Dialogue: 0,0:44:45.25,0:44:49.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for people who were poor,\Nwho didn't have food to eat.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:50.89,0:44:54.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The legend is that he payed for\Nthe Jeta Grove by laying
Dialogue: 0,0:44:55.22,0:45:01.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,coins of gold on every part of the park.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:03.36,0:45:06.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because the prince Jeta,\Nhe loved so much that forest
Dialogue: 0,0:45:06.75,0:45:09.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he didn't want to sell it.\NAnd he said,
Dialogue: 0,0:45:09.44,0:45:14.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,'I will only sell it if you can lay\Ncoins of gold across the entire park.'
Dialogue: 0,0:45:15.05,0:45:18.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that's a legend,\NI don't know if that really happened,
Dialogue: 0,0:45:18.68,0:45:23.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but that's just to show how much\NAnathapindika loved the Buddha.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:23.37,0:45:27.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He was willing to give up everything\Nhe had in order to provide a place
Dialogue: 0,0:45:28.07,0:45:31.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the Buddha to teach,\Nfor the monks and nuns to live.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:35.81,0:45:40.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the Buddha passed many rain's retreats\Nin Shravasti.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:46.49,0:45:50.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we have the Buddha going on almsround.\NSometimes we forget that the Buddha went
Dialogue: 0,0:45:51.02,0:45:54.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just like the other monks and nuns,\Nto go on service on food.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:54.85,0:45:58.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or to receive food from the lay friends.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:58.64,0:46:03.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It could be very easy for the Buddha,\Nhe had many disciples, 1,250 monks,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:03.37,0:46:08.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,'Please go, can you go\Nget my food for me today?
Dialogue: 0,0:46:08.74,0:46:13.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm a little bit lazy.\NI have to give many Dharma talks,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:13.13,0:46:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would you mind to bring my food for me?'
Dialogue: 0,0:46:16.70,0:46:19.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We wonder why do we always have\Nthat information.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:19.82,0:46:23.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it is to show the humility,\Nand also the freedom.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:23.20,0:46:27.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because by offering - Sometimes when we\Nbecome a teacher in a spiritual community
Dialogue: 0,0:46:28.09,0:46:31.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we can become a slave of our disciples.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:32.10,0:46:37.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They want to wash our clothes for us,\Nthey want to cook wonderful food for us,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:38.88,0:46:41.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then we think, 'Oh! it's so lovely\Nin the monastery.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:41.97,0:46:43.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't want to go out anymore!'
Dialogue: 0,0:46:44.06,0:46:46.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is like the Pure Land,\Nmy personal Pure Land.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:47.39,0:46:50.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the Buddha saw that\Nif he wanted to maintain his freedom,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:50.76,0:46:53.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he could continue to go on almsround,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:53.50,0:46:56.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then receive food\Nfrom even the poorest person,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:56.42,0:46:58.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even the people who\Nnever heard of the Buddha.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:59.06,0:47:03.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He would just come like any other beggar\Nto their door and receive almsfood.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:08.89,0:47:12.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then, "At that time,\Nthe Venerable Subhuti stood up,
Dialogue: 0,0:47:13.14,0:47:16.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bared his right shoulder,\Nput his knee on the ground,
Dialogue: 0,0:47:17.05,0:47:21.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and, folding his palms respectfully,\Nsaid to the Buddha,
Dialogue: 0,0:47:22.79,0:47:27.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,'World-Honored One,\Nit is rare to find someone like you.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:28.61,0:47:34.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You always support and show\Nspecial confidence in the Bodhisattvas."
Dialogue: 0,0:47:44.09,0:47:47.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So to bare your right shoulder\Nis a sign of respect.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:48.48,0:47:54.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we know the monks they had robes\Nthey put over their shoulders.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:57.32,0:48:00.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But nowadays, when we see Theravadan monks
Dialogue: 0,0:48:00.23,0:48:02.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we often see that\Ntheir right shoulder is bare.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:03.07,0:48:07.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that is a part of the tradition,\Nit's respectful to show the right shoulder
Dialogue: 0,0:48:07.31,0:48:09.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in that culture.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:09.50,0:48:12.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When Buddhism came to China,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:12.88,0:48:17.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Chinese were scandalized\Nby somebody showing their shoulder.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:18.09,0:48:23.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In Chinese culture, that's very\Ninappropriate.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:24.86,0:48:30.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So in that way Buddhism always adapted\Nto the culture in which it took root.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:31.09,0:48:35.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that is why we have robes that -\NYou don't see my shoulder.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:36.85,0:48:41.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I'm wearing a robe\Nthat is Chinese style robe.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:41.56,0:48:45.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We cover the shoulder.\NThat is considered more respectful.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:49.44,0:48:52.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He puts his knee on the ground.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:53.69,0:48:57.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we don't know that at that time
Dialogue: 0,0:48:57.28,0:49:01.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the monks practiced touching the Earth\Nin the way that we do today.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:02.71,0:49:06.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But they put their knee on the ground
Dialogue: 0,0:49:06.60,0:49:09.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in order to show their respect\Nfor someone.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:12.53,0:49:17.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they fold their palms.\N() it means like this, join the palms,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:17.36,0:49:19.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,respectfully.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:25.90,0:49:29.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,“World-Honored One,\Nit is rare to find someone like you.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:29.70,0:49:33.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You always support and show\Nspecial confidence in the Bodhisattvas."
Dialogue: 0,0:49:35.61,0:49:42.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this ideal of a Bodhisattva\Nwas part of what
Dialogue: 0,0:49:45.14,0:49:48.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,inspired the young monastics at that time
Dialogue: 0,0:49:49.49,0:49:52.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to go deeper in their practice.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:54.15,0:49:57.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A bodhisattva is a kind of awakened being.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:58.42,0:50:01.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It could be translated as
Dialogue: 0,0:50:01.59,0:50:04.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,someone who is bent on awakening.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:05.28,0:50:07.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They are
Dialogue: 0,0:50:09.56,0:50:11.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,leaning towards awakening.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:17.98,0:50:22.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In Pali, we have many references\Nto the bodhisatta,
Dialogue: 0,0:50:22.88,0:50:26.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is the Buddha before his awakening.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:26.78,0:50:31.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And 'satta' can be translated as\N'being', but it can also be translated as
Dialogue: 0,0:50:31.23,0:50:33.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,kind of like 'attachment'.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:34.14,0:50:38.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Like you are drawn towards awakening.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:41.32,0:50:46.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But in Sanskrit it was translated as\N'sattva', which is very clearly 'being'.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:46.58,0:50:53.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it lost that ambiguity.\NBodhisattva, awakened being.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:59.06,0:51:03.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this ideal of a bodhisattva\Nwas a kind of revolution
Dialogue: 0,0:51:03.98,0:51:06.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,within the Buddhist community.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:06.78,0:51:09.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because up into that point,
Dialogue: 0,0:51:10.76,0:51:15.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was very clear, one became a bhikshu\Nor a bhikshuni
Dialogue: 0,0:51:15.36,0:51:19.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in order to attain arhatship,\Nit means, perfection.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:19.84,0:51:23.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it is very clear that\Nto become an arhat
Dialogue: 0,0:51:23.33,0:51:26.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one had to become\Na bhikshu or a bhikshuni.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:27.30,0:51:30.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the monastics had a kind of
Dialogue: 0,0:51:31.92,0:51:34.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,monopoly on awakening.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:34.65,0:51:36.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:51:37.58,0:51:41.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the Bodhisattvayana, which is\Nusually how we find it,
Dialogue: 0,0:51:41.97,0:51:47.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it means, the vehicle or the path\Nof a bodhisattva,
Dialogue: 0,0:51:48.41,0:51:52.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,suddenly burst through that monopoly
Dialogue: 0,0:51:53.24,0:51:59.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and allowed both monastics and lay people\Nto be on the bodhisattva path.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:00.90,0:52:05.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this is a path that can be taken\Nnot only by monastics,
Dialogue: 0,0:52:05.40,0:52:08.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but also by lay practitioners.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:08.64,0:52:11.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Bodhisattvayana.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:13.02,0:52:18.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Usually we talk about Mahayana,\Nyou probably heard the term Mahayana,
Dialogue: 0,0:52:18.90,0:52:21.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the great vehicle,
Dialogue: 0,0:52:21.39,0:52:24.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but more often in that time\Nwhat later became called the Mahayana
Dialogue: 0,0:52:24.98,0:52:27.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was called the Bodhisattvayana,\Nit means,
Dialogue: 0,0:52:27.73,0:52:31.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the path, the vehicle, of awakened beings.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:34.94,0:52:37.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the prajñāpāramitā texts are
Dialogue: 0,0:52:38.33,0:52:41.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,teaching us the way of the bodhisattva.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:42.07,0:52:44.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What is the way to wake up
Dialogue: 0,0:52:45.19,0:52:48.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to walk the talk, to the lived awakening.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:51.76,0:52:54.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So Subhuti is pointing out to the Buddha,
Dialogue: 0,0:52:55.04,0:52:59.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"You always support and show\Nspecial confidence in the Bodhisattvas."
Dialogue: 0,0:53:04.11,0:53:07.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That means, when there is somebody\Nwho has that deep aspiration,
Dialogue: 0,0:53:08.38,0:53:10.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we feel very
Dialogue: 0,0:53:10.59,0:53:14.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,inspired also to help them on their path.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:14.22,0:53:17.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When we see somebody who does kind things\Nto another person,
Dialogue: 0,0:53:17.98,0:53:21.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we don't care whether they are Catholic,\Nwhether they are Muslim,
Dialogue: 0,0:53:21.43,0:53:24.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whether they are Jewish, whether\Nthey are monastic or they are lay,
Dialogue: 0,0:53:25.13,0:53:28.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we just want to help that person,\Nwe want to support them,
Dialogue: 0,0:53:28.36,0:53:31.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we feel inspired\Nto help them in their path.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:31.58,0:53:34.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When we are generous,\Nwhen our generosity is not
Dialogue: 0,0:53:36.33,0:53:40.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,transactional, it is based on\Njust giving only just to give,
Dialogue: 0,0:53:42.09,0:53:47.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we want to help someone\Nto continue to do that.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:48.63,0:53:51.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are coming into the Christmas season,
Dialogue: 0,0:53:51.37,0:53:55.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and sometimes we feel like,\N'Well, I have to give a present to my mum,
Dialogue: 0,0:53:55.52,0:53:58.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to my niece, to my nephew, to my -
Dialogue: 0,0:53:58.43,0:54:01.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That brother, if I don't give\Na present to that brother,
Dialogue: 0,0:54:01.44,0:54:03.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then he is going to get mad at me.'
Dialogue: 0,0:54:03.68,0:54:06.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So our generosity is based on a form.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:07.04,0:54:10.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What is expected from us socially.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:11.40,0:54:14.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Maybe we give a lot\Nto our son or our daughter,
Dialogue: 0,0:54:18.68,0:54:20.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but that is also,
Dialogue: 0,0:54:20.89,0:54:25.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that is was is expected from us. If we are\Na mother or a father it is expected
Dialogue: 0,0:54:25.87,0:54:29.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we give to our son or daughter.\NBut can we give to somebody
Dialogue: 0,0:54:30.56,0:54:34.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who is very,\Nis living in poverty on the street?
Dialogue: 0,0:54:35.18,0:54:39.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Can we open our heart to somebody\Nwho has killed somebody?
Dialogue: 0,0:54:39.24,0:54:41.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Somebody who has stolen?
Dialogue: 0,0:54:41.45,0:54:44.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Maybe somebody who is causing great harm.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:44.56,0:54:49.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Do we have enough generosity in our heart\Nto offer our time, our presence,
Dialogue: 0,0:54:49.39,0:54:51.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to that person?
Dialogue: 0,0:54:52.17,0:54:56.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is the path of the bodhisattva.\NWe don't rely only on form.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:57.95,0:55:01.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If people yell at us and slander us,\Nthey say,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:01.71,0:55:05.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,'Why do you help that person,\Nwhy do you give to that person?
Dialogue: 0,0:55:05.16,0:55:09.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Look at what they are doing!\NThey are the living incarnation of evil!'
Dialogue: 0,0:55:11.18,0:55:14.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We don't care, because\Nthat is part of our path,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:14.54,0:55:18.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we are not dependent on the form\Nin our way of giving.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:18.88,0:55:22.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so, when you see someone like that,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:23.60,0:55:27.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you feel inspired, and\Nthe Buddha felt inspired
Dialogue: 0,0:55:27.31,0:55:32.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to give them special attention,\Nspecial confidence.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:38.08,0:55:42.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,“World-Honored One, if sons and daughters\Nof good families
Dialogue: 0,0:55:42.80,0:55:47.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,want to give rise to the highest,\Nmost fulfilled, awakened mind,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:48.46,0:55:54.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what should they rely on and what\Nshould they do to master their thinking?”
Dialogue: 0,0:55:56.84,0:56:00.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If sons and daughters of good families
Dialogue: 0,0:56:00.55,0:56:06.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,want to give rise to the highest,\Nmost fulfilled, awakened mind,
Dialogue: 0,0:56:07.21,0:56:13.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what should they rely on and what\Nshould they do to master their thinking?
Dialogue: 0,0:56:13.74,0:56:16.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is what everybody wants to know!
Dialogue: 0,0:56:18.79,0:56:22.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is what we all want to know\Nwhen we come to Plum Village!
Dialogue: 0,0:56:24.47,0:56:27.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Just tell me, can I buy it\Nin the bookstore?
Dialogue: 0,0:56:27.74,0:56:29.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:56:34.26,0:56:39.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is some special ring I can wear,\Nor maybe some special incense I can burn
Dialogue: 0,0:56:40.60,0:56:43.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that is going to give me the highest,\Nmost fulfilled awakening?
Dialogue: 0,0:56:44.04,0:56:46.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Just tell me, please, and I'll buy it!
Dialogue: 0,0:56:47.40,0:56:50.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even if it is sold on Amazon!
Dialogue: 0,0:56:51.11,0:56:52.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:56:53.82,0:56:56.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Everybody is coming because\Nthey want this awakening,
Dialogue: 0,0:56:56.100,0:57:01.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they want to be happy, in every moment\Nof their life their want to be free!
Dialogue: 0,0:57:01.43,0:57:04.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what can we do
Dialogue: 0,0:57:06.05,0:57:09.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to give rise to this highest,\Nmost fulfilled, awakened mind?
Dialogue: 0,0:57:09.61,0:57:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Where should we rely on? What should\Nthey do to master their thinking?
Dialogue: 0,0:57:14.93,0:57:18.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So everybody is waiting with bated breath\Nto find out
Dialogue: 0,0:57:19.40,0:57:21.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what it is.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:22.82,0:57:28.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Buddha replied, "Well said, Subhuti.\NWhat you have said is absolutely correct.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:29.25,0:57:34.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Tathagata always supports and shows\Nspecial confidence in the Bodhisattvas.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:37.11,0:57:40.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Please, listen with all of your attention,
Dialogue: 0,0:57:40.45,0:57:43.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the Tathagata will respond\Nto your question."
Dialogue: 0,0:57:49.56,0:57:52.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you for listening\Nwith all your attention.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:53.52,0:57:57.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"'If daughters and sons\Nof good families want to give rise
Dialogue: 0,0:57:57.22,0:58:02.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the highest, most fulfilled, awakened\Nmind, they should rely on the following
Dialogue: 0,0:58:02.57,0:58:05.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and master their thinking\Nin the following way.'
Dialogue: 0,0:58:07.49,0:58:11.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Venerable Subhuti said, 'Lord,\Nwe are so happy to hear your teachings.'
Dialogue: 0,0:58:14.47,0:58:19.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Buddha said to Subhuti,\N'This is how the Bodhisattva Mahasattvas
Dialogue: 0,0:58:19.88,0:58:22.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,master their thinking:
Dialogue: 0,0:58:23.67,0:58:27.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,‘However many species\Nof living beings there are
Dialogue: 0,0:58:28.53,0:58:36.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,– whether born from eggs, from the womb,\Nfrom moisture, or spontaneously;
Dialogue: 0,0:58:37.55,0:58:41.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whether they have form\Nor do not have form;
Dialogue: 0,0:58:42.84,0:58:47.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whether they have perceptions\Nor do not have perceptions;
Dialogue: 0,0:58:48.56,0:58:50.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or whether it cannot be said of them
Dialogue: 0,0:58:51.12,0:58:54.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that they have perceptions\Nor that they do not have perceptions,
Dialogue: 0,0:58:56.20,0:59:01.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we must lead all these beings\Nto the ultimate nirvana
Dialogue: 0,0:59:02.03,0:59:04.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so that they can be liberated.
Dialogue: 0,0:59:06.66,0:59:13.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And yet, when this innumerable,\Nimmeasurable, infinite number of beings
Dialogue: 0,0:59:13.46,0:59:19.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has become liberated, we do not,\Nin truth, think
Dialogue: 0,0:59:20.13,0:59:23.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that a single being\Nhas been liberated.
Dialogue: 0,0:59:25.46,0:59:27.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why is this so?
Dialogue: 0,0:59:28.21,0:59:32.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If, Subhuti, a bodhisattva\Nholds on to the idea
Dialogue: 0,0:59:33.13,0:59:40.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that a self, a person, a living being,\Nor a life span exists,
Dialogue: 0,0:59:41.18,0:59:45.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that person is not\Nan authentic bodhisattva.'"
Dialogue: 0,0:59:49.92,0:59:52.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Maybe we can listen\Nto a sound of the bell.
Dialogue: 0,0:59:53.22,0:59:54.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Bell)
Dialogue: 0,0:59:57.44,1:00:03.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Bell)
Dialogue: 0,1:00:20.74,1:00:27.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So in the Sanskrit, it says,
Dialogue: 0,1:00:28.44,1:00:32.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Whatever beings -yeah? - sattvaha,\Nit says living beings,
Dialogue: 0,1:00:35.46,1:00:43.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that are born from an egg, from a womb,\Nfrom moisture, or spontaneously,
Dialogue: 0,1:00:44.36,1:00:47.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whether they have form\Nor they have no form;
Dialogue: 0,1:00:48.53,1:00:52.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whether they have perceptions\Nor they don't have perceptions;
Dialogue: 0,1:00:52.66,1:00:56.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whether they neither have perceptions\Nnor non-perceptions;
Dialogue: 0,1:01:02.62,1:01:10.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all these I would lead to nirvana\Nwithout remainder, ultimate nirvana.
Dialogue: 0,1:01:11.99,1:01:16.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And even when these immeasurable,\Ninnumerable beings
Dialogue: 0,1:01:16.99,1:01:19.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are thus liberated,
Dialogue: 0,1:01:20.87,1:01:24.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not any single living being,
Dialogue: 0,1:01:25.29,1:01:28.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we do not think that\Nany single living being
Dialogue: 0,1:01:28.78,1:01:32.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has been liberated.\NWhy is that?
Dialogue: 0,1:01:34.68,1:01:39.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Subhuti, it is not said of a bodhisattva
Dialogue: 0,1:01:41.12,1:01:46.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that he has the perception of a being.\NWhy is that?
Dialogue: 0,1:01:48.16,1:01:52.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A bodhisattva, we cannot call someone\Na bodhisattva
Dialogue: 0,1:01:53.72,1:01:59.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who has the perception of a self,\Nthe perception of a being,
Dialogue: 0,1:01:59.53,1:02:05.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the perception of a life, a life span,\Nand the perception of a person.
Dialogue: 0,1:02:08.10,1:02:10.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So these four areas.
Dialogue: 0,1:02:11.34,1:02:14.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[ātman]
Dialogue: 0,1:02:16.81,1:02:18.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A self.
Dialogue: 0,1:02:19.15,1:02:21.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[self]
Dialogue: 0,1:02:24.94,1:02:28.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[sattva]
Dialogue: 0,1:02:31.65,1:02:33.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A being.
Dialogue: 0,1:02:34.01,1:02:36.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[being]
Dialogue: 0,1:02:36.50,1:02:38.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A living being.
Dialogue: 0,1:02:39.07,1:02:42.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[(living being)]
Dialogue: 0,1:02:49.89,1:02:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[jīva]
Dialogue: 0,1:02:52.63,1:02:54.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A life.
Dialogue: 0,1:02:56.24,1:02:58.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[life]
Dialogue: 0,1:02:58.25,1:03:00.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or a life span.
Dialogue: 0,1:03:01.45,1:03:03.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[life span]
Dialogue: 0,1:03:06.72,1:03:09.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the pudgala.
Dialogue: 0,1:03:09.39,1:03:13.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[pudgala]
Dialogue: 0,1:03:13.45,1:03:15.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Which is just a person.
Dialogue: 0,1:03:16.28,1:03:19.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[person]
Dialogue: 0,1:03:23.13,1:03:25.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the text is saying that
Dialogue: 0,1:03:25.48,1:03:32.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as long as we, in our thinking,\Ngive rise to the idea of a self,
Dialogue: 0,1:03:33.09,1:03:36.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of a living being, of a life span,\Nor a person,
Dialogue: 0,1:03:37.88,1:03:41.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then we cannot be called a true,\Nwe cannot be called a bodhisattva.
Dialogue: 0,1:03:42.66,1:03:47.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We cannot be called someone who is on\Nthe bodhisattva path.
Dialogue: 0,1:03:56.01,1:03:58.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It seems like a contradiction, right?
Dialogue: 0,1:03:58.66,1:04:06.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we are, we need to give rise to\Nthe aspiration to lead all living beings.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:06.92,1:04:09.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the Buddha is quite specific.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:09.53,1:04:13.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know, those born from the eggs\Nthose born from the womb,
Dialogue: 0,1:04:13.93,1:04:19.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so all the reptiles,\Nand the fish, and the amphibians,
Dialogue: 0,1:04:20.76,1:04:24.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,born from eggs, then all those\Nborn from a womb,
Dialogue: 0,1:04:24.54,1:04:27.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then those born from moisture.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:27.77,1:04:33.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sometimes the insects, they have\Nsuch a small eggs
Dialogue: 0,1:04:33.92,1:04:36.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that they don't call them eggs.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:36.29,1:04:41.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They seem to be born spontaneously\Nfrom moisture, but even bacteria, mold,
Dialogue: 0,1:04:42.27,1:04:44.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,living things.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:46.39,1:04:50.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So you can imagine that, as a bodhisattva\Nwe have to lead mold to nirvana.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:50.77,1:04:52.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,1:04:57.16,1:05:00.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And even though we have to lead mold\Nto nirvana,
Dialogue: 0,1:05:01.43,1:05:02.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,1:05:03.10,1:05:07.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we cannot think that any mold\Nhas been lead to nirvana.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:07.64,1:05:11.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I'm bringing this\Nto its natural extension.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:12.71,1:05:15.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We cannot only think of
Dialogue: 0,1:05:16.72,1:05:19.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even just living beings.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:19.62,1:05:22.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How about the very stones\Nbeneath our feet?
Dialogue: 0,1:05:26.63,1:05:29.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It has a kind of life,
Dialogue: 0,1:05:29.21,1:05:31.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if we look deeply.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:33.81,1:05:39.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We also use to dividing up the world\Nbetween the inanimate and the animate,
Dialogue: 0,1:05:40.48,1:05:43.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the non-living and the living.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:43.93,1:05:47.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the Buddha is just pointing that out.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:49.02,1:05:53.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So first of all, we have to learn\Nhow to understand
Dialogue: 0,1:05:54.97,1:06:00.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when we define ourselves and others\Nin terms of a self.
Dialogue: 0,1:06:02.24,1:06:08.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So in what way do we say, this is me,\Nthis is mine, this is myself?
Dialogue: 0,1:06:10.12,1:06:12.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We think, I can extend my hand,
Dialogue: 0,1:06:13.08,1:06:15.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so that must be me.
Dialogue: 0,1:06:15.45,1:06:18.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I cannot extend the brother's hand.
Dialogue: 0,1:06:19.57,1:06:22.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that must be not me.
Dialogue: 0,1:06:23.38,1:06:26.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we rely on this\Nvery simplistic understanding
Dialogue: 0,1:06:26.75,1:06:29.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of what is me and what is not me.
Dialogue: 0,1:06:29.96,1:06:32.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But if I look more deeply,\NI see that when
Dialogue: 0,1:06:33.11,1:06:35.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I practice and I live\Ntogether with my brother,
Dialogue: 0,1:06:35.97,1:06:39.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then he knows the right time\Nto invite the bell
Dialogue: 0,1:06:41.43,1:06:43.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the Dharma talk.
Dialogue: 0,1:06:43.57,1:06:46.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so somehow, even though he is not me,
Dialogue: 0,1:06:46.85,1:06:51.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and yet there is some capacity to be able\Nto invite the bell at the appropriate time.
Dialogue: 0,1:06:53.46,1:06:56.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is a kind of understanding.
Dialogue: 0,1:06:56.34,1:06:58.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so, when we see that,
Dialogue: 0,1:06:58.52,1:07:02.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we see that actually this body,\Nthe limit of this body
Dialogue: 0,1:07:02.44,1:07:05.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is not the limit of who we are.
Dialogue: 0,1:07:08.35,1:07:10.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is not only the,
Dialogue: 0,1:07:10.75,1:07:14.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this body which we can move\Nand animate which is
Dialogue: 0,1:07:17.05,1:07:19.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ourselves.
Dialogue: 0,1:07:19.80,1:07:23.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But we are made up\Nof many non-self elements.
Dialogue: 0,1:07:25.19,1:07:29.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When we look into the orchid,\Nwe can see that
Dialogue: 0,1:07:31.39,1:07:34.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the orchid is on the platform.
Dialogue: 0,1:07:35.34,1:07:38.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We do not say that\Nthe orchid is up in the sky.
Dialogue: 0,1:07:40.74,1:07:46.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We do not say that the orchid is in\Nthe earth that is surrounding New Hamlet.
Dialogue: 0,1:07:47.52,1:07:51.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But if we look deeply, we can see that\Nthe sun is in the orchid.
Dialogue: 0,1:07:51.93,1:07:57.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Without the sun, there would be no\Nphotosynthesis
Dialogue: 0,1:07:59.48,1:08:02.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the plant to generate
Dialogue: 0,1:08:02.61,1:08:07.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the branch that comes up\Nto offer these flowers to us.
Dialogue: 0,1:08:09.37,1:08:11.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If there is no earth,
Dialogue: 0,1:08:12.09,1:08:17.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then there is no nutriments to provide\Nthe minerals that the plant needs to grow.
Dialogue: 0,1:08:19.77,1:08:23.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we know that there is also the farmer,\Nthe one who grew the orchid,
Dialogue: 0,1:08:23.97,1:08:28.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the one who transported it here.\NAll these elements, we can say,
Dialogue: 0,1:08:28.76,1:08:32.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,non-orchid elements\Nare present in the orchid.
Dialogue: 0,1:08:33.09,1:08:37.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we are also made of no-self elements.\NWe are made up of our friends,
Dialogue: 0,1:08:38.20,1:08:45.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of our parents, of countless generations\Nof ancestors. They are all in us.
Dialogue: 0,1:08:46.23,1:08:52.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And when we see that, then we become free\Nfrom this idea of a self, of an atman.
Dialogue: 0,1:08:53.99,1:09:00.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that way of dividing up the world,\Nthat dualistic way of seeing things,
Dialogue: 0,1:09:00.36,1:09:02.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then suddenly falls away.
Dialogue: 0,1:09:02.91,1:09:08.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we see that this body is not me,\Nit is not mine, it is not myself.
Dialogue: 0,1:09:08.56,1:09:11.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm not limited by this body.
Dialogue: 0,1:09:11.57,1:09:14.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we see that we are also present\Nin all things, and
Dialogue: 0,1:09:14.89,1:09:17.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all things are also present in us.
Dialogue: 0,1:09:18.07,1:09:21.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the mold is not separate from me.
Dialogue: 0,1:09:22.76,1:09:27.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The stones are not separate from me.\NThe deer are not separate.
Dialogue: 0,1:09:27.73,1:09:30.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But we actually inter-are.
Dialogue: 0,1:09:31.39,1:09:34.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this is a deep teaching of the Buddha\Non interbeing.
Dialogue: 0,1:09:37.06,1:09:40.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And when we look at the world in that way,
Dialogue: 0,1:09:40.21,1:09:43.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we become free from our ideas\Nabout ourselves,
Dialogue: 0,1:09:44.98,1:09:49.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we practice what Thay called\Nthe deep ecology.
Dialogue: 0,1:09:50.60,1:09:54.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He said, the Diamond Sutra is\Nthe earliest teaching on deep ecology,
Dialogue: 0,1:09:56.66,1:09:59.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because we see that we are not separate\Nfrom Mother Earth.
Dialogue: 0,1:10:01.46,1:10:03.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That all of our efforts
Dialogue: 0,1:10:04.12,1:10:07.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to raise up human beings,
Dialogue: 0,1:10:09.61,1:10:12.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to make them comfortable,
Dialogue: 0,1:10:12.97,1:10:15.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so they always have enough food to eat,
Dialogue: 0,1:10:15.92,1:10:18.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so the always have enough places to live,
Dialogue: 0,1:10:19.74,1:10:22.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so they are warm enough,\Nso they get to go on a vacation
Dialogue: 0,1:10:23.04,1:10:25.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,once a year,
Dialogue: 0,1:10:26.78,1:10:30.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that that all has come\Nat a price.
Dialogue: 0,1:10:31.86,1:10:36.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that price is our attachment\Nto our idea about ourselves.
Dialogue: 0,1:10:36.69,1:10:42.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ourselves as a person, who is\Nseparated from other living beings,
Dialogue: 0,1:10:43.67,1:10:47.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like animals, the plants, the minerals.
Dialogue: 0,1:10:47.59,1:10:52.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we exploit the Earth, we think of\Nthe Earth as something separate from us
Dialogue: 0,1:10:52.96,1:10:56.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we can dig in,\Nthat we can extract oil from,
Dialogue: 0,1:10:57.86,1:11:00.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we don't think about\Nall the consequences
Dialogue: 0,1:11:00.75,1:11:03.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that that has on ourselves,\Non our well-being,
Dialogue: 0,1:11:03.94,1:11:06.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because we don't see it as ourselves.
Dialogue: 0,1:11:06.74,1:11:10.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We see ourselves as something separate\Nfrom the Earth.
Dialogue: 0,1:11:12.31,1:11:16.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We treat animals with great cruelty,
Dialogue: 0,1:11:16.50,1:11:19.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,raising them in horrible conditions
Dialogue: 0,1:11:21.05,1:11:23.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to be slaughtered
Dialogue: 0,1:11:23.27,1:11:25.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to serve our appetite.
Dialogue: 0,1:11:26.08,1:11:28.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because we think that they are not us.
Dialogue: 0,1:11:28.86,1:11:32.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Of course, we say we would never do that\Nfor human beings.
Dialogue: 0,1:11:34.12,1:11:37.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I remember when I was a young practitioner\Nand I read
Dialogue: 0,1:11:39.70,1:11:41.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a saying from Mahatma Gandhi,
Dialogue: 0,1:11:42.21,1:11:47.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which was, 'If you want to understand\Nthe nature of a civilization
Dialogue: 0,1:11:47.85,1:11:50.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,look at how it treats its animals'.
Dialogue: 0,1:11:52.42,1:11:55.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you want to understand\Nthe nature of a civilization
Dialogue: 0,1:11:56.18,1:11:59.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,look at how it treats its animals.
Dialogue: 0,1:12:01.72,1:12:06.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Does it hide its animals away\Nwhen they are going to be slaughtered,
Dialogue: 0,1:12:06.58,1:12:09.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or mistreated, or killed?
Dialogue: 0,1:12:12.76,1:12:17.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So when we look deeply, there are\Nstructures that had been created
Dialogue: 0,1:12:17.93,1:12:20.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the human mind,
Dialogue: 0,1:12:20.16,1:12:24.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which have split us off from\Nthat which is also ourselves.
Dialogue: 0,1:12:25.32,1:12:28.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That have removed us from Mother Earth.
Dialogue: 0,1:12:29.03,1:12:31.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the Buddha is trying\Nto point those out.
Dialogue: 0,1:12:31.77,1:12:34.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What is the source\Nof those wrong perceptions?
Dialogue: 0,1:12:34.54,1:12:40.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What are those ideas which separate us\Nfrom our connection to the Earth?
Dialogue: 0,1:12:43.28,1:12:44.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Bell)
Dialogue: 0,1:12:48.71,1:12:55.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Bell)
Dialogue: 0,1:13:05.28,1:13:09.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"We must lead all these beings\Nto the ultimate nirvana
Dialogue: 0,1:13:10.04,1:13:12.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so that they can be liberated."
Dialogue: 0,1:13:13.23,1:13:16.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is a very radical statement.
Dialogue: 0,1:13:17.50,1:13:19.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The early Buddhist community
Dialogue: 0,1:13:20.81,1:13:23.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was mainly concerned with its,
Dialogue: 0,1:13:23.79,1:13:27.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with its own attainment of nirvana.
Dialogue: 0,1:13:28.79,1:13:30.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You became a monk or a nun
Dialogue: 0,1:13:30.90,1:13:34.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because you wanted to become\Nan arhat, a perfected one.
Dialogue: 0,1:13:34.16,1:13:38.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You wanted to attain the nirvana\Nthat the Buddha taught.
Dialogue: 0,1:13:42.75,1:13:46.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that led to attachment\Nto these kind of ideas,
Dialogue: 0,1:13:46.74,1:13:52.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the idea about a self, even though\Nthe teaching of non-self was there,
Dialogue: 0,1:13:53.35,1:13:57.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but ¡wow!, the monks\Ntend to have a very big self.
Dialogue: 0,1:13:58.17,1:14:00.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A very big non-self.
Dialogue: 0,1:14:03.59,1:14:07.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they can have a very\Nstrong idea that
Dialogue: 0,1:14:10.01,1:14:13.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they are sattvas, they are living beings,
Dialogue: 0,1:14:13.53,1:14:16.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but the stones, the minerals,
Dialogue: 0,1:14:17.49,1:14:21.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,those things that are not living,\Nthose things we don't need to care about.
Dialogue: 0,1:14:21.88,1:14:25.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What we need to take care of\Nis only the living beings.
Dialogue: 0,1:14:26.34,1:14:29.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or they have an idea,\N'I'm an important person.
Dialogue: 0,1:14:33.61,1:14:37.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These animals, these plants,\Nthey are not
Dialogue: 0,1:14:39.32,1:14:41.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they are not so important.
Dialogue: 0,1:14:41.79,1:14:45.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What is important is\Nmy own attainment of nirvana.'
Dialogue: 0,1:14:46.43,1:14:48.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So when we look deeply into this statement
Dialogue: 0,1:14:49.07,1:14:53.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we see we break through\Nthese very limited concepts of nirvana.
Dialogue: 0,1:14:54.50,1:14:56.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we see that
Dialogue: 0,1:14:57.02,1:15:01.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,awakening is something\Nthat can be experienced by all.
Dialogue: 0,1:15:03.31,1:15:05.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is possible for -
Dialogue: 0,1:15:05.37,1:15:09.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When we no longer see the separation\Nbetween me and not me,
Dialogue: 0,1:15:11.84,1:15:16.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we see that the wood that I'm sitting on\Nis not separate from me,
Dialogue: 0,1:15:16.57,1:15:19.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when I see that the stones\Nare not separate from me,
Dialogue: 0,1:15:19.94,1:15:24.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they become part of my path to awakening.
Dialogue: 0,1:15:25.49,1:15:27.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They are not separate.
Dialogue: 0,1:15:27.69,1:15:29.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so,
Dialogue: 0,1:15:29.55,1:15:33.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,taking care of the stones\Nis taking care of myself.
Dialogue: 0,1:15:33.69,1:15:37.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Taking care of the trees\Nis taking care of myself.
Dialogue: 0,1:15:37.81,1:15:41.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Taking care of the cows, the sheep,
Dialogue: 0,1:15:42.45,1:15:45.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,taking care of, even of the mosquitoes,
Dialogue: 0,1:15:46.98,1:15:49.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is taking care of myself.
Dialogue: 0,1:15:51.33,1:15:55.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The brothers we become very expert\Nat capturing mosquitoes
Dialogue: 0,1:15:55.16,1:15:58.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and putting them back outside\Nso they can be free.
Dialogue: 0,1:16:01.27,1:16:06.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the Buddha, one of the reasons he had\Nus wear a robe and not walk around naked
Dialogue: 0,1:16:06.73,1:16:09.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was to protect us from mosquitoes.
Dialogue: 0,1:16:10.38,1:16:12.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Also, you know, is a little bit -
Dialogue: 0,1:16:12.85,1:16:15.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even in the Buddha's time,\Nto walk around naked
Dialogue: 0,1:16:15.45,1:16:17.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was a little bit extreme.
Dialogue: 0,1:16:17.30,1:16:18.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,1:16:19.28,1:16:23.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we don't have to kill the mosquitoes,\Nbut we can be protected,
Dialogue: 0,1:16:23.50,1:16:28.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we take care of ourselves but in a way\Nthat is not harming other living beings,
Dialogue: 0,1:16:28.54,1:16:31.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or even the stones themselves.
Dialogue: 0,1:16:31.58,1:16:35.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We know that if we've ever thrown\Nsomething at a stone, or you throw a stone
Dialogue: 0,1:16:36.83,1:16:40.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at another stone or something hard,\Nand then you look at it.
Dialogue: 0,1:16:40.98,1:16:43.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What do you see?
Dialogue: 0,1:16:44.47,1:16:49.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A kind of like white, powdery bit\Nat the impact.
Dialogue: 0,1:16:50.56,1:16:53.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is a kind of suffering.
Dialogue: 0,1:16:55.02,1:16:59.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We tend to think of suffering only\Nin terms of the human nervous system.
Dialogue: 0,1:16:59.39,1:17:01.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is a very limited view.
Dialogue: 0,1:17:01.75,1:17:05.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But now we start to extend that\Nto include
Dialogue: 0,1:17:05.54,1:17:07.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the suffering of animals.
Dialogue: 0,1:17:08.14,1:17:11.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even as short as the past few fifty years,
Dialogue: 0,1:17:12.93,1:17:17.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people have believed, many scientists\Nbelieved that animals did not suffer pain
Dialogue: 0,1:17:18.66,1:17:21.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a way that can be compared\Nto human beings.
Dialogue: 0,1:17:23.78,1:17:28.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is a way of justifying\Ndoing studies on animals.
Dialogue: 0,1:17:29.45,1:17:32.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can treat them however you want\Nas long as they don't suffer
Dialogue: 0,1:17:32.98,1:17:35.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the way that human beings suffer.
Dialogue: 0,1:17:35.80,1:17:40.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we have to be careful when our mind\Nis caught in these perceptions
Dialogue: 0,1:17:40.92,1:17:44.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we can use it to justify hurting.
Dialogue: 0,1:17:45.44,1:17:48.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We can use it to justify\Ncreating suffering.
Dialogue: 0,1:17:50.21,1:17:55.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it doesn't take much deep looking\Nto then go and extend that understanding
Dialogue: 0,1:17:55.45,1:17:58.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the stones, to the minerals.
Dialogue: 0,1:17:58.87,1:18:02.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then, when we look in -\NWe hear about climate change,
Dialogue: 0,1:18:02.66,1:18:07.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or we experience this pretty warm\NDecember right now,
Dialogue: 0,1:18:08.23,1:18:11.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then we know that maybe\Nwe haven't been taking good care
Dialogue: 0,1:18:11.37,1:18:14.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of our mineral brothers and sisters.
Dialogue: 0,1:18:16.88,1:18:19.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Maybe in our greed to
Dialogue: 0,1:18:20.43,1:18:23.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have electricity, to have power,
Dialogue: 0,1:18:25.36,1:18:27.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to produce,
Dialogue: 0,1:18:28.19,1:18:31.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we extract minerals from the Earth,
Dialogue: 0,1:18:32.02,1:18:36.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then release the remains\Ninto the atmosphere.
Dialogue: 0,1:18:37.65,1:18:41.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this is all connected.\NThis is coming from human desire.
Dialogue: 0,1:18:42.16,1:18:44.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So in early teachings, we have
Dialogue: 0,1:18:45.01,1:18:46.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the teachings on
Dialogue: 0,1:18:47.77,1:18:50.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,too much craving leads to suffering.
Dialogue: 0,1:18:51.52,1:18:55.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so here, in the Diamond Sutra\Nwe're going into what is it that we crave?
Dialogue: 0,1:18:56.44,1:18:59.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What is it that leads us to have a kind of\Nwrong perceptions
Dialogue: 0,1:19:00.09,1:19:03.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that bring about the suffering?
Dialogue: 0,1:19:03.43,1:19:06.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so the insight of the Diamond Sutra\Nis that these four -
Dialogue: 0,1:19:07.18,1:19:10.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That when we look deeply into\Nour perceptions, we can find these four
Dialogue: 0,1:19:11.06,1:19:13.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,somewhere there at the bottom.
Dialogue: 0,1:19:14.99,1:19:17.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our ideas about ourselves.
Dialogue: 0,1:19:18.88,1:19:22.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our ideas about living beings\Nseparated from
Dialogue: 0,1:19:23.39,1:19:25.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,non living beings.
Dialogue: 0,1:19:27.60,1:19:32.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of our long term lay practitioners,\Nin Upper Hamlet,
Dialogue: 0,1:19:32.90,1:19:37.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he has dedicated his life\Nto building sanghas that
Dialogue: 0,1:19:38.52,1:19:42.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,live near fracking operations\Nin the United Kingdom,
Dialogue: 0,1:19:44.01,1:19:48.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so that they can put their bodies there\Nin a non-violent way
Dialogue: 0,1:19:49.43,1:19:53.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to shine light on what we are doing\Nto Mother Earth
Dialogue: 0,1:19:53.33,1:19:56.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when we get caught\Nin this kind of perception.
Dialogue: 0,1:19:56.96,1:20:00.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Earth, that is not a living being.
Dialogue: 0,1:20:01.83,1:20:07.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if we inject chemicals into the earth\Nin order to produce more oil, produce more
Dialogue: 0,1:20:09.81,1:20:14.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,other products that we have\Na lot of craving for, that is no problem.
Dialogue: 0,1:20:14.55,1:20:18.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then we don't look at the suffering,\Nwe don't look at the water
Dialogue: 0,1:20:18.13,1:20:21.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that comes out of the tap\Nthat you can light on fire.
Dialogue: 0,1:20:24.41,1:20:27.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So sometimes, when we are\Non the bodhisattva path
Dialogue: 0,1:20:27.65,1:20:29.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we need to put our own body
Dialogue: 0,1:20:30.42,1:20:34.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the way, in order to help people\Nto look deeply into -
Dialogue: 0,1:20:36.00,1:20:39.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Encourage others\Nto practice looking deeply.
Dialogue: 0,1:20:40.95,1:20:44.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sometimes, that is why some of us\Nbecome monks and nuns.
Dialogue: 0,1:20:44.73,1:20:48.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We want to deal with our own suffering,\Nbut we also have an aspiration,
Dialogue: 0,1:20:48.83,1:20:53.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we know sometimes we need to be,\Ngo a little bit outside of the norm
Dialogue: 0,1:20:53.65,1:20:58.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in order to help each other to look\Ndeeply into what is really going on.
Dialogue: 0,1:21:02.86,1:21:06.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are attached to\Nthe idea of a life span, jīva.
Dialogue: 0,1:21:10.13,1:21:15.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have the kind of thinking, 'Ah! Now it\Nis this time in my life for me to do this.
Dialogue: 0,1:21:16.34,1:21:19.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And when I get old, I will be like that.
Dialogue: 0,1:21:19.96,1:21:24.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I get old, I will travel.\NI will have a bucket list
Dialogue: 0,1:21:24.27,1:21:27.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I will go to all those countries\Nand do all those things.'
Dialogue: 0,1:21:31.45,1:21:33.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thay often told the story
Dialogue: 0,1:21:34.01,1:21:36.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of Frederic, a business man,
Dialogue: 0,1:21:36.65,1:21:39.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whose wife came to Plum Village.
Dialogue: 0,1:21:44.58,1:21:46.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He told his son,
Dialogue: 0,1:21:47.98,1:21:53.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,'Son, what do you want for Christmas?'
Dialogue: 0,1:21:55.71,1:21:59.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the son was not sure what he\Nreally wanted for Christmas.
Dialogue: 0,1:22:00.04,1:22:02.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He had to think about it.\NAnd when he thought,
Dialogue: 0,1:22:02.72,1:22:06.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he shared with his father,\N'Daddy, I want to be with you.
Dialogue: 0,1:22:08.03,1:22:10.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I want to be with you.'
Dialogue: 0,1:22:10.92,1:22:14.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because Frederic was head\Nof a large company, and he was so busy!
Dialogue: 0,1:22:18.16,1:22:21.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He could buy his son\Nanything that he wants.
Dialogue: 0,1:22:22.60,1:22:26.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Anything that he imagines. But all his son\Nwanted was just to spend more time
Dialogue: 0,1:22:27.37,1:22:29.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with his father.
Dialogue: 0,1:22:31.32,1:22:33.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And even when his wife
Dialogue: 0,1:22:36.17,1:22:37.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was sick,
Dialogue: 0,1:22:39.51,1:22:44.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then he could not- I'm sorry, not his wife\Nit was his son, his son got sick,
Dialogue: 0,1:22:45.74,1:22:47.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he could not
Dialogue: 0,1:22:48.31,1:22:52.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he could not be there, he could not leave\Nwork to go to the hospital to be there
Dialogue: 0,1:22:53.49,1:22:59.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with him. He had to ask his wife\Nto represent him, to be present for him.
Dialogue: 0,1:23:00.20,1:23:05.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And he told his wife, 'Very soon I will be\Nable to transmit all my responsibilities
Dialogue: 0,1:23:06.42,1:23:10.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the company to someone else.\NSo just in few years,
Dialogue: 0,1:23:11.21,1:23:15.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we will have so much free time!\NJust bear with me for this moment.'
Dialogue: 0,1:23:17.20,1:23:19.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then, very soon after\Nhe told his wife that,
Dialogue: 0,1:23:20.03,1:23:22.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he was killed in a car accident.
Dialogue: 0,1:23:26.49,1:23:31.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so all his hopes, his dreams\Nto spend more time with his son,
Dialogue: 0,1:23:31.54,1:23:34.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to spend more time with his family,
Dialogue: 0,1:23:35.00,1:23:38.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they never had a chance to be realized.
Dialogue: 0,1:23:40.41,1:23:43.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we all live that reality.
Dialogue: 0,1:23:44.30,1:23:48.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We live our life, we think, 'Oh! After I'm\Nin Plum Village, I will go there,
Dialogue: 0,1:23:49.14,1:23:53.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I will do that'. But we don't know\Nwhat will happen even in the next moment.
Dialogue: 0,1:23:56.24,1:24:01.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so, when we learn to live happily,\Nto dwell happily in the present moment,
Dialogue: 0,1:24:01.32,1:24:05.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without basing our thinking\Non these perceptions,
Dialogue: 0,1:24:06.25,1:24:08.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we no longer have fear.
Dialogue: 0,1:24:11.82,1:24:13.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We no longer
Dialogue: 0,1:24:14.28,1:24:17.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,place our hopes and our dreams\Nin some future time
Dialogue: 0,1:24:18.69,1:24:21.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when we will do this,\Nor we will do that.
Dialogue: 0,1:24:21.45,1:24:24.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,'I promise you! Just next year\NI will do that!
Dialogue: 0,1:24:24.46,1:24:27.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We will have enough time to do it.'
Dialogue: 0,1:24:27.17,1:24:30.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We learn to come back to ourselves,\Ncome back to the present moment,
Dialogue: 0,1:24:30.86,1:24:34.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and to really enjoy all the wonders\Nof life that are here and now,
Dialogue: 0,1:24:34.51,1:24:36.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fully present for us.
Dialogue: 0,1:24:37.78,1:24:40.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Within us and around us.
Dialogue: 0,1:24:41.38,1:24:46.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, mastering our thinking is learning how\Nto dwell happily in the present moment.
Dialogue: 0,1:24:48.06,1:24:52.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Remembering all the good conditions\Nfor happiness that are already here.
Dialogue: 0,1:24:54.04,1:24:57.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is how a bodhisattva\Nmasters her thinking.
Dialogue: 0,1:24:58.87,1:25:01.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And even though we have that teaching,
Dialogue: 0,1:25:01.75,1:25:04.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,oftentimes we forget.
Dialogue: 0,1:25:04.29,1:25:06.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we still hope, and we plan,
Dialogue: 0,1:25:06.87,1:25:09.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it is not that planning is bad,
Dialogue: 0,1:25:10.84,1:25:14.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but we do it in a joyful way\Nin the present moment.
Dialogue: 0,1:25:14.24,1:25:17.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we are happy to let go of our plan.
Dialogue: 0,1:25:17.54,1:25:19.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are happy to let go of it,
Dialogue: 0,1:25:19.85,1:25:23.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because we know that our happiness\Ndoesn't depend on that.
Dialogue: 0,1:25:24.41,1:25:29.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our happiness doesn't depend on going\Nto see that person for Christmas,
Dialogue: 0,1:25:30.06,1:25:33.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or being with our family for Christmas.
Dialogue: 0,1:25:34.08,1:25:38.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or doing that thing, or getting that job,\Nor getting that promotion.
Dialogue: 0,1:25:39.35,1:25:43.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it is realized right here\Nand right now with our mindful breathing,
Dialogue: 0,1:25:44.54,1:25:49.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with our mindful step,\Nwith the community of practice around us.
Dialogue: 0,1:25:50.68,1:25:52.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we don't have to
Dialogue: 0,1:25:54.47,1:25:57.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,become some important person
Dialogue: 0,1:25:59.24,1:26:02.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who is respected, who is respectable.
Dialogue: 0,1:26:05.52,1:26:09.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sometimes our greatest teacher can be\Na homeless person in the street.
Dialogue: 0,1:26:11.98,1:26:15.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They can give us a wisdom that we need.
Dialogue: 0,1:26:15.16,1:26:18.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that was the insight that the Buddha\Nwas trying to
Dialogue: 0,1:26:18.53,1:26:23.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,give to people by living humbly himself,\Nby begging for his food,
Dialogue: 0,1:26:24.22,1:26:28.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,putting himself as the lowest\Nin society.
Dialogue: 0,1:26:29.84,1:26:33.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not riding around in fancy,\Non fancy elephants.
Dialogue: 0,1:26:35.84,1:26:38.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Some of his disciples,\Nwhen they became monks,
Dialogue: 0,1:26:38.57,1:26:42.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they thought, 'Well, I'm a monk. But I can\Ncontinue to ride around on an elephant
Dialogue: 0,1:26:42.45,1:26:44.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like I did before.'
Dialogue: 0,1:26:44.19,1:26:48.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is why we have the precept about\Nnot riding in luxurious vehicles.
Dialogue: 0,1:26:48.43,1:26:49.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,1:26:49.90,1:26:53.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Most of us don't think about\Nriding an elephant as a luxurious vehicle,
Dialogue: 0,1:26:54.27,1:26:58.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but at that time, it was\Na sign of royalty.
Dialogue: 0,1:26:59.68,1:27:02.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So how can we learn to recognize these,
Dialogue: 0,1:27:02.98,1:27:05.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when our thinking is based\Non these perceptions?
Dialogue: 0,1:27:05.96,1:27:08.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When we look for approval from others,
Dialogue: 0,1:27:09.05,1:27:13.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how much of it is based\Non an idea of a self? Of a person?
Dialogue: 0,1:27:15.28,1:27:18.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We want to be appreciated,\Nwe want to be recognized.
Dialogue: 0,1:27:20.93,1:27:25.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We treat human beings well but we don't\Ntreat Mother Earth in a respectful way.
Dialogue: 0,1:27:28.39,1:27:31.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In Thay's commentary, we can read
Dialogue: 0,1:27:31.92,1:27:37.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that he loved to get out of the city\Nand to go into the countryside.
Dialogue: 0,1:27:38.73,1:27:43.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And Thay said, because in the city,\Nyou have to, when you go to pee
Dialogue: 0,1:27:44.61,1:27:49.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you have to go into\Nvery smelly bathrooms, very
Dialogue: 0,1:27:51.01,1:27:53.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dirty, very unpleasant.
Dialogue: 0,1:27:54.37,1:27:58.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But in the countryside, you can go\Nand you can pee anywhere you want.
Dialogue: 0,1:28:00.28,1:28:03.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But then, after a while,\Nwhen Thay started to look deeply,
Dialogue: 0,1:28:04.48,1:28:08.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he felt very ashamed when he would go\Nand pee behind a tree.
Dialogue: 0,1:28:08.52,1:28:12.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because the tree was\Nsuch a beautiful, sacred thing,
Dialogue: 0,1:28:12.41,1:28:14.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how could you pee on it?
Dialogue: 0,1:28:14.44,1:28:15.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,1:28:16.46,1:28:18.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But then he - So he tried to go\Nsomewhere else,
Dialogue: 0,1:28:19.12,1:28:22.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but there would always be a bush or a tree\Nsomewhere, everywhere,
Dialogue: 0,1:28:22.62,1:28:26.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then he realized, what would he do?\NHe has to pee somewhere!
Dialogue: 0,1:28:28.04,1:28:32.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then, one day he had the insight\Nwhich is that peeing is also sacred.
Dialogue: 0,1:28:33.18,1:28:34.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,1:28:35.99,1:28:38.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That he was caught in the idea\Nthat peeing
Dialogue: 0,1:28:40.20,1:28:42.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is something profane.
Dialogue: 0,1:28:43.10,1:28:46.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That by peeing on it\Nhe is disrespecting Mother Earth.
Dialogue: 0,1:28:46.97,1:28:51.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But we know when we pee we are returning\Nour nutrients back to the earth.
Dialogue: 0,1:28:55.26,1:28:58.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we can see that the tree is sacred,
Dialogue: 0,1:28:58.40,1:29:01.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and when we pee next to it\Nit is also a sacred act.
Dialogue: 0,1:29:01.97,1:29:06.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is the insight we get from freeing\Nourselves from this kind of perception.
Dialogue: 0,1:29:09.18,1:29:14.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We see we are not damaging the tree,\Nwe are not causing suffering to the tree.
Dialogue: 0,1:29:14.57,1:29:17.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we pee in such a way, that\Nwe can bring happiness and joy
Dialogue: 0,1:29:18.34,1:29:20.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to us and to the tree.
Dialogue: 0,1:29:22.38,1:29:26.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have to learn to recognize suffering.\NThat is why it is the first noble truth.
Dialogue: 0,1:29:26.80,1:29:29.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that suffering\Nis not only in ourselves,
Dialogue: 0,1:29:29.38,1:29:32.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we need to recognize\Nthe suffering of fracking.
Dialogue: 0,1:29:33.19,1:29:36.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The suffering of not taking care of
Dialogue: 0,1:29:37.99,1:29:39.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the animals.
Dialogue: 0,1:29:42.65,1:29:47.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is why in Plum Village\Nwe eat vegetarian, it's very easy for us,
Dialogue: 0,1:29:47.22,1:29:51.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because we know, we know how animals\Nare treated when they are used for meat,
Dialogue: 0,1:29:52.43,1:29:54.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or to produce dairy products.
Dialogue: 0,1:29:55.24,1:29:59.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now with the Internet, if you don't know,\Nyou can find out very quickly.
Dialogue: 0,1:29:59.68,1:30:01.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is not difficult.
Dialogue: 0,1:30:03.18,1:30:05.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so when we get in touch\Nwith that suffering,
Dialogue: 0,1:30:05.85,1:30:09.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we really practice deeply\Nthe teaching of the Diamond Sutra,
Dialogue: 0,1:30:09.33,1:30:12.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we want to lead all beings to nirvana.
Dialogue: 0,1:30:14.36,1:30:18.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then we become free from the idea\Nthat that cow, that that chicken
Dialogue: 0,1:30:19.47,1:30:21.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is separate from me.
Dialogue: 0,1:30:21.86,1:30:23.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That the tree is separate from me,
Dialogue: 0,1:30:24.13,1:30:26.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the oil deep in the earth\Nis separate from me.
Dialogue: 0,1:30:27.11,1:30:30.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That we are all part of one organism,\NMother Earth.
Dialogue: 0,1:30:31.25,1:30:35.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And Mother Earth is also part of\Na beautiful family of brothers and sisters
Dialogue: 0,1:30:36.56,1:30:39.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,going around our Sun.
Dialogue: 0,1:30:40.19,1:30:45.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that the Sun is also part of\Na beautiful Cosmos, the Milky Way,
Dialogue: 0,1:30:46.40,1:30:52.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,universe, galaxy,\Nand that beyond that,
Dialogue: 0,1:30:52.33,1:30:57.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the whole universe of many hundreds\Nof millions of galaxies.
Dialogue: 0,1:30:59.01,1:31:02.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And when we look in that way,\Nwe see that we are not alone.
Dialogue: 0,1:31:05.40,1:31:07.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that teaching
Dialogue: 0,1:31:07.59,1:31:10.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we see that no one single being\Nhas been saved
Dialogue: 0,1:31:10.84,1:31:13.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is another way of saying we are not alone.
Dialogue: 0,1:31:14.84,1:31:18.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We break through\Nthe barrier of loneliness.
Dialogue: 0,1:31:19.00,1:31:24.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we see that this body,\Nthese feelings, these perceptions,
Dialogue: 0,1:31:25.00,1:31:27.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these mental formations,\Nand this consciousness
Dialogue: 0,1:31:27.98,1:31:30.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are not me. They are not mine.
Dialogue: 0,1:31:31.66,1:31:34.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They are not a separate self.
Dialogue: 0,1:31:37.49,1:31:40.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We become free from all those concepts.
Dialogue: 0,1:31:42.25,1:31:45.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then we can begin the true work
Dialogue: 0,1:31:46.02,1:31:47.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of liberation
Dialogue: 0,1:31:49.04,1:31:53.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,knowing that not any single being\Nhas been liberated.
Dialogue: 0,1:31:54.38,1:31:57.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is how we master our thinking.
Dialogue: 0,1:31:57.45,1:31:59.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is how we set our mind.
Dialogue: 0,1:32:03.85,1:32:05.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Bell)
Dialogue: 0,1:32:09.49,1:32:15.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Bell)
Dialogue: 0,1:32:26.37,1:32:27.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So,
Dialogue: 0,1:32:28.47,1:32:30.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so we didn't get very far today
Dialogue: 0,1:32:31.83,1:32:34.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the sutra, but I think that
Dialogue: 0,1:32:36.26,1:32:39.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we get to touch the essence.
Dialogue: 0,1:32:39.44,1:32:41.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We cannot be caught in words.
Dialogue: 0,1:32:43.45,1:32:47.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Many times in the Diamond Sutra\Nwe will hear something like,
Dialogue: 0,1:32:48.40,1:32:53.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,'When the Tathagata speaks of signs,\Nthere are no signs being talked about.
Dialogue: 0,1:32:55.52,1:33:01.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Subhuti, what is called Buddhadharma\Nis everything that is not Buddhadharma."
Dialogue: 0,1:33:06.46,1:33:10.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When the Buddha talks about the highest,\Nmost fulfilled awakened mind,
Dialogue: 0,1:33:10.49,1:33:14.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there is nothing that can be called\Nthe highest, most fulfilled awakened mind.
Dialogue: 0,1:33:15.40,1:33:19.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is why it is called the highest,\Nmost fulfilled awakened mind.
Dialogue: 0,1:33:19.50,1:33:23.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is the refrain that we see often\Nin the Diamond Sutra.
Dialogue: 0,1:33:24.37,1:33:27.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it seems like, 'What sense\Ndo we make of that?'
Dialogue: 0,1:33:30.29,1:33:34.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that is also to help us\Nbreak through this barrier
Dialogue: 0,1:33:35.20,1:33:37.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of perception.
Dialogue: 0,1:33:37.84,1:33:40.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Of getting caught in a perception.
Dialogue: 0,1:33:42.02,1:33:45.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thay talked about one Zen master
Dialogue: 0,1:33:45.55,1:33:49.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that when he -\NBecause everyone keeps saying,
Dialogue: 0,1:33:49.57,1:33:52.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Buddha, Buddha, so much,\NBuddha this and Buddha that
Dialogue: 0,1:33:52.31,1:33:55.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that he got so sick and he said,\N'I have to go to the stream outside
Dialogue: 0,1:33:55.65,1:33:58.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and wash my mouth out,\Nit's like saying a filthy word.
Dialogue: 0,1:33:58.38,1:34:00.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you say the Buddha one more time.'
Dialogue: 0,1:34:00.92,1:34:03.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And he is trying to point out\Nthat tendency we have
Dialogue: 0,1:34:04.11,1:34:08.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to idolize, whether it is the word,\Nwhether it's a person,
Dialogue: 0,1:34:08.60,1:34:11.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whether it's a concept.
Dialogue: 0,1:34:12.83,1:34:17.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so when we talk about the highest,\Nmost fulfilled awakened mind,
Dialogue: 0,1:34:17.81,1:34:21.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we can start repeating it and\Nit loses all of its meaning.
Dialogue: 0,1:34:24.74,1:34:27.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so when the Buddha says,
Dialogue: 0,1:34:27.61,1:34:31.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,'What I call the highest,\Nmost fulfilled awakened mind,
Dialogue: 0,1:34:31.82,1:34:35.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that is not the highest,\Nmost fulfilled awakened mind.'
Dialogue: 0,1:34:35.46,1:34:39.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It means that it is not the word,\Nhighest, most fulfilled awakened mind,
Dialogue: 0,1:34:40.09,1:34:42.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it is not that phrase.
Dialogue: 0,1:34:42.63,1:34:45.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is much more than that.\NIt can only be realized.
Dialogue: 0,1:34:49.29,1:34:53.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is why I just call it\Nhighest, most fulfilled awakened mind.
Dialogue: 0,1:34:53.78,1:34:58.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But you need to realize it yourself.\NYou need to touch it by breaking through
Dialogue: 0,1:34:58.84,1:35:03.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and freeing yourself from these\Nwrong perceptions.
Dialogue: 0,1:35:04.26,1:35:07.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I invite you to continue your study\Nof the Diamond Sutra.
Dialogue: 0,1:35:09.10,1:35:15.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And as you go out, and be back\Nto your family, back to your friends,
Dialogue: 0,1:35:18.42,1:35:24.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can really have a chance to sit\Nand look deeply at them in that way.
Dialogue: 0,1:35:24.78,1:35:27.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You think, 'That is my mother,\Nthat is my father.
Dialogue: 0,1:35:27.95,1:35:31.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is my son, that is my daughter,\Nthat is my husband.'
Dialogue: 0,1:35:31.61,1:35:37.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And because your ideas of husband, and\Nfather, and mother, and son and daughter
Dialogue: 0,1:35:37.52,1:35:40.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have become a view,
Dialogue: 0,1:35:41.80,1:35:43.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a perception,
Dialogue: 0,1:35:44.02,1:35:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,maybe you don't really see them\Nas they are,
Dialogue: 0,1:35:47.10,1:35:50.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as this wondrous manifestation
Dialogue: 0,1:35:51.97,1:35:57.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of beauty, of understanding,\Nas well as of suffering,
Dialogue: 0,1:35:58.94,1:36:01.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of pain, of ignorance.
Dialogue: 0,1:36:08.45,1:36:10.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But with the help of this teaching,
Dialogue: 0,1:36:10.92,1:36:14.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can sit and look at them,\Nand really look at them.
Dialogue: 0,1:36:15.26,1:36:18.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Look them in the eye.\NYou don't have to say anything.
Dialogue: 0,1:36:18.68,1:36:20.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can smile.
Dialogue: 0,1:36:21.81,1:36:24.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is a smile of a bodhisattva.
Dialogue: 0,1:36:26.46,1:36:30.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I wish you well\Non your path of practice,
Dialogue: 0,1:36:30.60,1:36:35.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and thank you for being together\Non the bodhisattva path.
Dialogue: 0,1:36:39.100,1:36:41.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Bell)
Dialogue: 0,1:36:45.22,1:36:51.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Bell)
Dialogue: 0,1:37:06.03,1:37:12.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Bell)
Dialogue: 0,1:37:28.26,1:37:34.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Bell)
Dialogue: 0,1:37:55.83,1:37:58.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Small bell)