[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.72,0:00:03.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, when I was 14,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:03.47,0:00:07.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,my family was in the process of adopting\Nmy little brothers from Ethiopia,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:07.72,0:00:10.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and one day my mom asked,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.32,0:00:13.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"What day should we put\Nfor their birthday?"
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.58,0:00:16.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Uh, the day they were born, obviously?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:16.64,0:00:18.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ridiculous question.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.63,0:00:20.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then my mom said,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.05,0:00:21.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Well, Kristen,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:21.14,0:00:23.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,neither of your little brothers\Nhave a birth certificate,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.32,0:00:26.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so how do you suggest\Nwe find out when that was?"
Dialogue: 0,0:00:27.18,0:00:28.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mind blown.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.38,0:00:30.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, 20 years later,\NI'm still working on it,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.87,0:00:33.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,except instead of trying\Nto solve the mystery
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.91,0:00:36.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of my brothers' missing\Nbirth certificates,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.41,0:00:37.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I try to solve this problem globally.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:37.84,0:00:41.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what do birth certificates have to do\Nwith international development?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:41.41,0:00:45.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To answer that, we have to look back\Nat the original development agenda,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:45.15,0:00:46.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the human rights agenda.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.76,0:00:50.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So in 1948, the Universal\NDeclaration of Human Rights,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.62,0:00:52.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the first time,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.27,0:00:57.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,set a shared vision of basic human rights\Nand dignities that apply to all people
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.08,0:00:58.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and all nations:
Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.89,0:01:03.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Article 6: The right to be recognized\Nas a person before the law,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.63,0:01:05.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or, a legal identity.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.44,0:01:07.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For children, this is a birth certificate,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.65,0:01:10.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and despite this being\Na universal human right,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.26,0:01:12.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one billion people today
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.57,0:01:14.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have no record they exist,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.98,0:01:18.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,making it one of the greatest\Nhuman rights violations of our time,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.74,0:01:21.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,yet nobody seems to know about it.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.11,0:01:25.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the face of world poverty and hunger,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.13,0:01:27.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,making sure everyone in the world\Nas a legal identity
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.75,0:01:29.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,doesn't really seem important,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.49,0:01:31.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but in reality it is.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.60,0:01:33.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,See, early in my career,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.51,0:01:36.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was working with a social worker\Nin a slum community in Mumbai,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.81,0:01:40.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we were following up\Non a case with this little girl
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.94,0:01:44.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who had contracted polio as a baby\Nand was paralyzed from the waist down.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.78,0:01:47.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When we arrived at the home,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:47.06,0:01:48.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we found her on the floor.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.68,0:01:51.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Her legs were badly scarred and infected,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.61,0:01:53.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she was malnourished,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.26,0:01:55.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she had never gone to school,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.26,0:02:01.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and she had spent most of her life\Nconfined to this small, dark room.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.37,0:02:05.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When we left, I asked the social worker\Nwhat the case plan was,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:05.26,0:02:08.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and she said, "Well first, we have\Nto get her a birth certificate."
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.11,0:02:09.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was a little taken aback.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.96,0:02:12.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I said, "Well, don't you think we need\Nto get her some social assistance
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.40,0:02:14.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a safe place to live\Nand into a school?"
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.85,0:02:18.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She goes, "Exactly, which is why\Nwe need to get her a birth certificate."
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.64,0:02:20.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,See, without a legal identity,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:20.74,0:02:23.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you are not recognized\Nas a person by the government,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:23.68,0:02:26.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a person who doesn't officially exist
Dialogue: 0,0:02:26.21,0:02:28.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can't access government services,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.03,0:02:30.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the government\Ncan only provide services
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.57,0:02:32.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the number of people they know about.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.54,0:02:36.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hence, people are overlooked, for example,\Nby routine immunization services.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:37.76,0:02:42.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,People without a legal identity\Nare both uncounted and unprotected.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.98,0:02:45.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They are among the poorest\Nmembers of society
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.30,0:02:47.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the most marginalized communities.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:47.86,0:02:49.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They're victims of trafficking.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.65,0:02:54.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Human traffickers know that\Nit's nearly impossible to find someone
Dialogue: 0,0:02:54.75,0:02:57.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if there was never a record\Nthey existed in the first place.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.80,0:03:01.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They are victims of exploitation,\Nsuch as child marriage and child labor.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:01.51,0:03:05.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Without a birth certificate,\Nhow do you prove a child is still a child?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.77,0:03:07.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They are among the stateless.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:07.62,0:03:10.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Birth certificates provide proof\Nof who your parents are
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.27,0:03:11.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and where you were born,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:11.48,0:03:14.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the two main factors\Nfor acquiring nationality.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.68,0:03:18.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Of the one billion people in the world\Nwithout a legal identity,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:18.77,0:03:21.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the vast majority are children\Nwho are never registered at birth.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.17,0:03:24.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the least developed nations,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.70,0:03:28.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the births of over 60 percent of children\Nhave never been recorded.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:28.41,0:03:31.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A study across 17 countries\Nin sub-Saharan Africa
Dialogue: 0,0:03:31.74,0:03:36.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,found that 80 percent of children\Ndid not have a birth certificate.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:36.61,0:03:40.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Out of the countries\Nthat have not yet achieved
Dialogue: 0,0:03:40.28,0:03:42.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,universal birth registration coverage,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.20,0:03:45.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in 26 countries a birth certificate\Nis required to access health care,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.52,0:03:47.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,including vaccines.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.30,0:03:51.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 37 countries, it's required\Nto access social assistance
Dialogue: 0,0:03:51.70,0:03:55.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,intended to bring people out of poverty.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.45,0:03:59.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in 59 countries,\Na birth certificate is required
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.35,0:04:03.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for a child to be enrolled\Nor complete school.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.32,0:04:06.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A birth certificate is also often required\Nfor other forms of legal identity,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.96,0:04:09.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like a national ID or a passport,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.23,0:04:12.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and some form of legal identity\Nin almost every country is required
Dialogue: 0,0:04:12.61,0:04:16.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to vote, get a SIM card,\Nor open a bank account.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:16.05,0:04:19.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, of the 1.7 billion people\Nin the world who are unbanked,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:19.88,0:04:24.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,20 percent is due to not having\Na legal identity document.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:24.01,0:04:27.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, you don't have to be an expert\Nto see that this, times a billion,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.58,0:04:29.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is a big problem.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.83,0:04:33.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it's not surprising that evidence shows\Nthat improved birth registration coverage
Dialogue: 0,0:04:33.86,0:04:36.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,goes hand in hand with improved\Ndevelopment outcomes,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:36.73,0:04:40.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from poverty alleviation\Nto better health, nutrition, education,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.97,0:04:46.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,economic improvement,\Nand safe and orderly migration.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.73,0:04:51.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 2015, world leaders came together
Dialogue: 0,0:04:51.75,0:04:55.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and promised that they would\Nuphold human rights of all people
Dialogue: 0,0:04:55.38,0:04:57.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and leave no one behind
Dialogue: 0,0:04:57.21,0:04:59.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in efforts to end poverty,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:59.52,0:05:00.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hunger,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:00.58,0:05:01.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and reduce inequalities.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:01.85,0:05:04.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But how are they going\Nto uphold human rights
Dialogue: 0,0:05:04.01,0:05:06.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and how do they know\Nif anyone is being left behind
Dialogue: 0,0:05:06.49,0:05:08.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if they do not know who they are
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.87,0:05:10.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or where they are
Dialogue: 0,0:05:10.09,0:05:13.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the first place?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:13.38,0:05:16.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what can countries do about this?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:16.36,0:05:18.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, there's no one-size-fits-all model
Dialogue: 0,0:05:18.22,0:05:20.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because every country context is unique.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:20.51,0:05:24.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are five proven interventions\Nthat can be applied to any system.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:25.11,0:05:27.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Number one, reduce the distance.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:27.05,0:05:28.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Two, remove the cost.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.94,0:05:30.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Three, simply the process.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:30.76,0:05:32.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Four, remove discrimination.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:32.90,0:05:35.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Five, increase demand.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.83,0:05:39.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Gender discrimination\Nremains a hidden problem,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:39.09,0:05:41.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because statistically,\Nthere's no difference
Dialogue: 0,0:05:41.62,0:05:43.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,between registration rates\Nof boys and girls,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:43.53,0:05:45.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but the discrimination\Nisn't against the child,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:45.56,0:05:46.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's against the mother.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.84,0:05:50.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Angola was one of 35 countries\Nthat require a father's name
Dialogue: 0,0:05:50.42,0:05:54.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or to be present in order\Nfor the child's birth to be registered.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:54.93,0:05:58.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So in situations where the father\Nis unknown, unwilling,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:58.41,0:06:00.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or unable to claim paternity,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:00.26,0:06:03.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the mothers are legally prevented\Nfrom registering the births
Dialogue: 0,0:06:03.92,0:06:05.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of their own children.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:05.43,0:06:08.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So to address this,\NAngola put a policy in place
Dialogue: 0,0:06:08.39,0:06:12.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,allowing mothers to register\Ntheir children as a single parent.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:12.65,0:06:14.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In Tanzania, in 2012,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:14.70,0:06:17.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,only 13 percent of children\Nhad a birth certificate.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.78,0:06:21.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the government\Ncame up with a new system.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:21.01,0:06:26.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They put registration centers\Nin existing infrastructure
Dialogue: 0,0:06:26.40,0:06:30.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,such as community wards
Dialogue: 0,0:06:30.22,0:06:31.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in health facilities.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:31.81,0:06:33.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So they brought the services\Ncloser to the people who needed them.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:33.57,0:06:35.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They removed the fee.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:35.69,0:06:38.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They simplified the process\Nand automated it
Dialogue: 0,0:06:38.82,0:06:41.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so the birth certificate\Ncould be issued on the spot.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:41.06,0:06:43.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To increase demand, they rolled out\Na public awareness campaign
Dialogue: 0,0:06:43.82,0:06:48.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,letting people know\Nthat there's a new process
Dialogue: 0,0:06:48.25,0:06:50.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and why it was important to register\Nthe births of their children.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:50.79,0:06:52.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In just a few years
Dialogue: 0,0:06:52.68,0:06:55.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the districts where\Nthe new system was put in place,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:55.16,0:06:58.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,83 percent of children\Nnow have birth certificates,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:58.02,0:07:00.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they're in the process\Nof rolling this out nationwide.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:01.08,0:07:03.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what can you do?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:03.22,0:07:06.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,See, I believe we are all united\Nby our humanity.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:06.95,0:07:10.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We live on the same earth.\NWe breathe the same air.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:10.50,0:07:14.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And while none of us chose to be born\Nor the situation we were born into,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:14.36,0:07:16.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we do get to choose how we live.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:16.92,0:07:19.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Change occurs when a moment of awareness
Dialogue: 0,0:07:19.55,0:07:21.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or a moment of compassion
Dialogue: 0,0:07:21.96,0:07:23.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,inspires a person to act,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:23.87,0:07:25.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and through our collective action
Dialogue: 0,0:07:25.77,0:07:29.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we become the most powerful\Nagents of change.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:29.04,0:07:33.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And when the cost of inaction\Nis innocent children are left unprotected,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:33.60,0:07:36.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,unvaccinated, unable to go to school,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:36.10,0:07:39.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,growing up to be adults who are unable\Nto find decent work or vote,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:39.86,0:07:44.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,trapped in a cycle of poverty,\Nexclusion, and invisibility,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:44.76,0:07:48.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it comes down to us
Dialogue: 0,0:07:48.52,0:07:50.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to take this issue out of the darkness
Dialogue: 0,0:07:50.23,0:07:50.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and into the light.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:50.96,0:07:54.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because, it's not every day you get\Nthe opportunity to change the world,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:54.54,0:07:57.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but today you do.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:57.16,0:07:59.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thanks.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:59.58,0:08:01.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)