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♪ (音乐) ♪

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泰勒：阿历克斯的办公室
就在走廊的另一侧

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我和他一起写博客

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我们俩在25年间一直在不停地争论

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那么我们就想在大家面前“吵吵架”

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话题是关于教育的

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阿历克斯认为教育意味着发出信号

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主要是为了向外界

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展现自己的潜能与天赋

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然而我却认为教育更多意味着“学习”

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阿历克斯，为何你不向大家
讲一讲你大错特错的观点呢？

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阿历克斯：好吧，但我们得搞清楚
我们到底在争论什么

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很显然，能上大学的人赚的钱更多

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他们的收入更高。
那么问题来了：为什么呢？

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我认为有三种普遍观点：

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第一种，上大学的人只是更聪明罢了

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他们智商高、能力强，等等

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这种观点主张的是，
假如这些人不去上大学

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他们依然能够赚较多的钱，
因为他们天赋异禀

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第二种观点，是人才资产的观点

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说的是人们在大学里的确学习了知识

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由此提高了生产力

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这是非常乐观的泰勒的观点

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对的，这是我的观点（笑声）

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那么接下来才是正确的观点

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正确的观点，也就是“发出信号”的观点，
说的是人们去上大学

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借此向就业市场发出了一个信号

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表明自己具有更高智商、更强能力

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但假如他们不去发送这个信号，
假如他们没去上大学

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那么他们的收入会下降很多

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所以你必须发出信号才能得到高收入

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然而有趣的是，绝大多数坚持
“发出信号”理论的人

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都是从大学里学到这种理论的

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好吧，我们怎么也得在学校里
学到些东西吧

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关于教育，最突出的一点是这个：

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如果你把一个人送到大学

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然后他们在很多年以后赚的钱变多了

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那是因为他们学到了东西

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假如那只是一个信号，
他们可能毕业后马上找到好工作

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但之后大家却发现，
他们并没有在大学学到很多东西

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于是一段时间后，
他们的收入就会下降

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我觉得很奇怪，你比我还要信任
就业市场的效率很高

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让我们举个有关“信号”的例子吧，
例如孔雀开屏

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雄孔雀用开屏的方式发出信号

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然后就可以得到很好的基因

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