WEBVTT 00:00:00.110 --> 00:00:02.299 [MUSIQUE] 00:00:05.776 --> 00:00:06.776 L'INSTRUCTION : UN INDICATEUR OU LE DÉVELOPPEMENT DE COMPÉTENCES ? 00:00:10.254 --> 00:00:13.079 [TYLER] Le bureau d'Alex est juste à quelques pas du mien. 00:00:13.079 --> 00:00:14.979 On tient un blog ensemble 00:00:14.979 --> 00:00:16.578 et on se dispute depuis 25 ans. 00:00:17.578 --> 00:00:20.220 On a donc pensé avoir ces échanges pour vous. 00:00:20.220 --> 00:00:22.060 Il s'agit d'instruction. 00:00:22.060 --> 00:00:24.610 Selon Alex, c'est surtout un indicateur. 00:00:24.610 --> 00:00:27.070 C'est-à-dire, montrer au monde extérieur 00:00:27.070 --> 00:00:29.270 son niveau sous-jacent d'aptitudes. 00:00:29.270 --> 00:00:33.220 Par contre, je pense que c'est surtout une question d'apprentissage. 00:00:33.220 --> 00:00:36.440 Alex, dis-nous un peu à quel point tu te trompes. 00:00:36.440 --> 00:00:39.940 [ALEX] Tout d'abord, définissons clairement ce dont nous parlons. 00:00:39.940 --> 00:00:43.060 Il est évident que les gens qui ont fait des études gagnent plus. 00:00:43.060 --> 00:00:46.560 Leurs revenus sont supérieurs. La question est : pourquoi ? 00:00:46.560 --> 00:00:48.380 Il y a trois façon de le voir. 00:00:48.380 --> 00:00:51.540 La première : les gens qui vont à l'université sont plus malins, 00:00:51.540 --> 00:00:54.640 leur QI est plus élevés, ils ont des aptitudes, ce genre de choses. 00:00:54.640 --> 00:00:58.420 D'après cette idée, si ces personnes n'avaient pas étudié, 00:00:58.420 --> 00:01:02.420 ils gagneraient quand même plus du fait de leur aptitudes naturelles. 00:01:02.420 --> 00:01:05.080 Le deuxième point de vue est celui du capital humain. 00:01:05.080 --> 00:01:08.080 Les gens apprennent vraiment des choses à l'université 00:01:08.080 --> 00:01:09.810 et ça augmente leur productivité. 00:01:09.810 --> 00:01:12.420 00:01:12.420 --> 00:01:14.670 00:01:14.670 --> 00:01:16.570 00:01:16.570 --> 00:01:21.020 00:01:21.020 --> 00:01:23.270 00:01:23.270 --> 00:01:26.170 00:01:26.170 --> 00:01:30.130 00:01:30.130 --> 00:01:32.300 00:01:32.310 --> 00:01:36.090 00:01:36.090 --> 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