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Il numero di persone in fuga
da guerre, violenze o disordini civili

2
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è salito di nuovo l'anno scorso,

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nonostante la pandemia di coronavirus
abbia paralizzato gran parte del mondo.

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Alla fine del 2020,

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erano 82,4 milioni le persone sfollate
costrette ad abbandonare le proprie case,

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secondo i dati dell'Alto commissariato
delle Nazioni Unite per i rifugiati.

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E come potete vedere è raddoppiato
rispetto a dieci anni fa.

8
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Più di due terzi di coloro ufficialmente 
riconosciuti come rifugiati,

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provengono da solo cinque paesi:

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Siria, Venezuela, Afghanistan,
Sudan del Sud e Birmania.

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Il prossimo servizio ci porta in Pakistan,
che, per quarant'anni,

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ha ospitato centinaia di migliaia
di rifugiati afgani.

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Bahauddin Khan gestisce un piccolo 
negozio di alimentari

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in questo campo per rifugiati in Pakistan.

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Ogni giorno controlla
i suoi guadagni e le spese.

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Aveva circa la stessa età 
di questo bambino

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quando la sua famiglia ha lasciato 
l'Afghanistan 40 anni fa.

18
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Oggi è un ricordo lontano.

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Siamo dovuti fuggire dall'Afghanistan.

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C'era una guerra in corso.

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Quindi, quando la situazione è peggiorata,
siamo scappati.

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Il Pakistan ci ha accolti.

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Da allora abbiamo sempre vissuto qui.

24
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Anche Haji Bahadur è fuggito 
dall'Afghanistan,

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dopo l'invasione sovietica del 1979.

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Da allora ha sempre vissuto nel campo.

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È uno dei 20 presenti 
solo in questa provincia.

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Più di un milione di afghani 
vivono in Pakistan.

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Sono per lo più lasciati soli.

30
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Mentirei se dicessi che riceviamo 
supporto economico.

31
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La verità è che non riceviamo 
nessun aiuto dal governo pakistano.

32
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Ora, per la prima volta, il Pakistan 
sta registrano i rifugiati afghani

33
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che risiedono nel paese.

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Ai rifugiati registrati viene fornita
una carta d'identità biometrica.

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Molti dei bambini nati qui
non sono mai stati registrati.

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Si spera che i dati forniranno
alle agenzie umanitarie internazionali

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un'immagine più chiara dei bisogni
della comunità di rifugiati.

38
00:02:32,640 --> 00:02:38,610
Stiamo raccogliendo informazioni
aggiornate sui rifugiati afghani,

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come livello d'istruzione,
formazione professionale,

40
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forse anche lingue conosciute,

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e vulnerabilità.

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Queste informazioni aggiornate
ci aiuteranno

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00:02:50,778 --> 00:02:54,000
anche a pianificare meglio
le nostre attività,

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non solo in Pakistan,
ma anche in Afghanistan,

45
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quando torneranno in Afghanistan.

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Le autorità pakistane hanno cercato
di favorire il rientro dei rifugiati.

47
00:03:06,207 --> 00:03:10,583
Nadeen Ejaz sta intervistando famiglie
per capire se sono pronte a trasferirsi,

48
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quando le truppe NATO lasceranno
l'Afghanistan.

49
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Le loro nuove carte d'identità
sono valide solo fino al 2023.

50
00:03:19,904 --> 00:03:21,753
In un questionario viene loro chiesto,

51
00:03:21,999 --> 00:03:25,148
nel caso la situazione in Afghanistan
si normalizzasse,

52
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se vogliono fare ritorno.

53
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Il 90% dei rifugiati risponde con un no.

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