0:00:10.470,0:00:13.350
The last time I stood

0:00:13.350,0:00:16.496
on a TED main stage

0:00:17.740,0:00:21.584
was in February, 2013.

0:00:23.622,0:00:26.929
It was in Long Beach, California.

0:00:29.734,0:00:33.061
TED gave me their prize[br]at that point in time,

0:00:33.302,0:00:34.910
a million dollars.

0:00:35.670,0:00:37.548
I thought they would put it[br]in my bank account,

0:00:37.548,0:00:39.555
but they didn't, actually.

0:00:39.555,0:00:41.034
(Laughter)

0:00:41.034,0:00:43.189
They gave it to the university.

0:00:43.688,0:00:48.443
But anyhow, here I am again[br]on a TED main stage.

0:00:50.781,0:00:52.864
I spent the million dollars.

0:00:53.066,0:00:54.408
(Laughter)

0:00:55.364,0:00:57.958
I'll tell you what happened next.

0:00:58.210,0:01:00.256
I thought I'll give you a report

0:01:00.256,0:01:04.344
on what I did with the money,[br]and where we are at this point in time.

0:01:04.344,0:01:06.780
It's not all gone;[br]there's just a little bit left.

0:01:06.780,0:01:08.404
(Laughter)

0:01:10.816,0:01:16.124
When TED gave me the prize, they also gave[br]another prize, a smaller one,

0:01:17.374,0:01:23.063
to Sundance Institute to make[br]a documentary on the whole project.

0:01:23.724,0:01:26.918
The documentary will be called[br]"The School in the Cloud."

0:01:27.285,0:01:30.901
At the moment,[br]the documentary is not finished,

0:01:31.295,0:01:33.805
but I got hold of a trailer

0:01:33.805,0:01:36.666
and I thought[br]you might enjoy watching that.

0:01:39.837,0:01:43.111
(Video) Sugata Mitra:[br]What is the future of learning?

0:01:44.664,0:01:49.654
Could it be that we are heading[br]towards or maybe in a future

0:01:49.654,0:01:52.245
when knowing is obsolete?

0:01:52.704,0:01:56.202
Could it be that we don't need[br]to go to school at all?

0:01:57.000,0:02:00.411
Could it be that at the point in time[br]when you need to know something,

0:02:00.411,0:02:02.965
you can find it out in two minutes?

0:02:02.965,0:02:04.930
[In 2013, Sugata Mitra asked TED

0:02:04.930,0:02:07.510
to help him discover[br]the future of learning.]

0:02:08.570,0:02:11.384
My wish is to build a facility

0:02:12.140,0:02:15.409
where children go on[br]these intellectual adventures

0:02:15.790,0:02:19.478
driven by the big questions[br]which their mediators put in.

0:02:19.740,0:02:22.262
It's a facility[br]which is practically unmanned;

0:02:22.262,0:02:24.840
it will be called the School in the Cloud.

0:02:29.404,0:02:32.460
Woman: (Hindi) We really want him[br]to become an educated person,

0:02:32.460,0:02:35.174
but it's difficult[br]because of the state of the school.

0:02:35.174,0:02:36.864
[Former primary school, Korakati]

0:02:36.864,0:02:39.117
Good teachers don’t go to remote places.

0:02:39.117,0:02:42.789
The remoter you get,[br]the worse primary education becomes.

0:02:42.789,0:02:45.543
[Sugata has chosen sites[br]for the project in rural India...

0:02:45.543,0:02:47.163
...and in northeast England.]

0:02:47.163,0:02:50.441
I don't know how to build[br]a "School in the Cloud"

0:02:50.441,0:02:52.496
because I have never built one.

0:02:53.545,0:02:55.825
So, I'm trying to figure out a design

0:02:55.825,0:02:59.485
which, really speaking, belongs[br]to children and is run by children.

0:02:59.485,0:03:02.580
So, that's what's going on;[br]it's a great big experiment.

0:03:05.706,0:03:08.528
Schools as we know them now are outdated.

0:03:09.563,0:03:11.443
Teacher: As soon as I started doing it

0:03:11.443,0:03:13.933
and seeing the buzz[br]and the enjoyment of the kids,

0:03:13.933,0:03:17.936
it made me look at my lessons differently,[br]and the role of a teacher differently.

0:03:17.936,0:03:21.659
Less talking at the front[br]and more handing it over to the children.

0:03:23.595,0:03:25.937
Girl: I really like it[br]because it's independent,

0:03:25.937,0:03:27.927
and you get to work with your friends.

0:03:27.927,0:03:31.337
SM: Korakati may or may not be different[br]from the schools of England,

0:03:31.337,0:03:33.537
but that's what we are going to look for.

0:03:33.791,0:03:36.505
The idea is to have[br]a complete glass front

0:03:37.005,0:03:38.439
to a building here

0:03:38.439,0:03:40.764
and a large screen for a full size

0:03:40.764,0:03:43.236
Skyped-in mediator.

0:03:43.443,0:03:46.443
Boy: Teachers will teach us from London[br]using the Internet.

0:03:50.927,0:03:53.821
Woman: All I ever really wanted[br]to know about computers

0:03:53.821,0:03:55.362
was how to turn them off.

0:03:56.707,0:03:57.865
Hi!

0:03:57.865,0:03:59.863
Hello Raveen. Hello [unclear].

0:03:59.863,0:04:01.442
How nice to see you.

0:04:02.122,0:04:03.472
Look what I made.

0:04:03.662,0:04:06.248
Can you see what this is?[br]Whoo!

0:04:06.248,0:04:07.887
(Laughter)

0:04:07.889,0:04:09.587
Boy: English is spoken everywhere.

0:04:09.587,0:04:13.334
If I learn it from childhood,[br]then when I grow up

0:04:15.634,0:04:17.391
Woman: You help a child to the point

0:04:17.391,0:04:19.231
where if he wants to know something

0:04:19.231,0:04:22.001
he knows where to look for it,[br]and how to look for it.

0:04:22.001,0:04:25.713
SM: More affluent children have people[br]who will help them to learn anyway.

0:04:25.713,0:04:27.863
But it's children in desolate areas

0:04:27.863,0:04:30.993
who really desperately need[br]to know how to learn,

0:04:31.593,0:04:33.533
and I know that the Internet does that.

0:04:34.082,0:04:37.314
Learning itself is actually[br]an emergent phenomenon

0:04:37.431,0:04:39.766
like a hive or a thunderstorm.

0:04:39.766,0:04:43.719
It's not about making learning happen;[br]it's about letting it happen.

0:04:44.337,0:04:46.719
[School in the cloud]

0:04:46.719,0:04:48.739
(Applause)

0:04:59.560,0:05:01.230
I made a project.

0:05:02.440,0:05:03.760
I made a project for TED.

0:05:03.760,0:05:07.516
The way it works is that they tell you[br]what to do with the money if you get it.

0:05:08.962,0:05:10.632
So I made out a project.

0:05:10.632,0:05:14.542
The project was that I would build[br]seven laboratories.

0:05:16.222,0:05:18.292
Seven learning laboratories.

0:05:18.762,0:05:23.153
Five of them would be in India,[br]and two would be in England.

0:05:25.048,0:05:26.908
What sort of labs?

0:05:26.908,0:05:31.098
Well, for that, you need to know[br]what happened before

0:05:31.098,0:05:32.778
which I won't go over,

0:05:32.778,0:05:36.727
but what happened in the 15 years[br]before the TED prize

0:05:37.748,0:05:41.628
was that I was able to figure out[br]something which all of you know

0:05:41.628,0:05:44.388
and all of you figure out[br]for yourselves in 2 minutes.

0:05:44.978,0:05:48.012
Which is that if you have a question

0:05:49.168,0:05:52.894
you no longer need to ask[br]a human being for an answer.

0:05:54.272,0:05:57.802
There is something out there[br]which can tell you what the answer is.

0:05:58.702,0:06:00.392
What is it out there?

0:06:01.062,0:06:03.212
The Internet of course,[br]we call it the Cloud.

0:06:04.867,0:06:07.710
To me it's the first non human,

0:06:09.737,0:06:12.357
conscious and intelligent entity

0:06:12.897,0:06:14.757
that we have encountered.

0:06:15.098,0:06:19.303
We always thought that aliens[br]will land from other planets

0:06:20.146,0:06:23.796
and they will be green with long legs[br]and round eyes.

0:06:24.744,0:06:26.984
It turned out[br]it was not going to be like that.

0:06:28.476,0:06:32.276
The alien entity is made up[br]of four billion people,

0:06:33.382,0:06:36.703
but it is not a person, it's a thing.

0:06:38.416,0:06:42.506
You can ask that thing anything,[br]and it tells you what you want to know.

0:06:43.667,0:06:47.977
Given that situation,[br]what happens to children and education?

0:06:50.570,0:06:52.686
There are reports[br]from all around the world

0:06:52.686,0:06:56.377
that children are not asking[br]questions to people.

0:06:57.474,0:07:00.254
Or at least if they have to ask[br]a question to a person,

0:07:00.254,0:07:02.944
they do that after they've asked[br]their phones.

0:07:05.124,0:07:09.601
Children don't want to learn[br]how to multiply, divide, add and subtract.

0:07:10.646,0:07:13.964
Because they say they already know[br]how to do that.

0:07:13.964,0:07:16.127
It's done with phones.

0:07:16.964,0:07:21.129
Children don't want[br]particularly to learn to read

0:07:22.491,0:07:26.839
because they say there are things[br]that can read out things to them,

0:07:27.551,0:07:29.501
even if they don't know how to read.

0:07:31.215,0:07:34.744
At the moment,[br]they don't like to write by hand

0:07:34.744,0:07:36.370
because they want to know

0:07:36.370,0:07:38.970
why they should learn[br]how to write by hand.

0:07:38.970,0:07:41.813
Will they ever do it[br]in the rest of their lives?

0:07:42.500,0:07:46.407
So, what happens in a world[br]where reading, writing and arithmetic

0:07:46.407,0:07:49.640
are treated in such a cavalier manner?

0:07:51.281,0:07:53.901
I wanted to experiment with that world.

0:07:54.771,0:07:59.110
The idea was to create facilities[br]for children, which have the Internet,

0:08:00.929,0:08:03.959
and the children can go in[br]and do what they like

0:08:03.959,0:08:07.249
without any supervision,[br]or without any teachers.

0:08:09.179,0:08:11.620
We could have presence there

0:08:11.969,0:08:15.349
but it would come out of the Internet[br]over Skype, from somewhere,

0:08:16.262,0:08:17.692
if the children wanted to.

0:08:18.600,0:08:22.570
I work with children in the age group[br]of about 8 to 13 years old.

0:08:25.289,0:08:28.589
They love speaking to adults over Skype,

0:08:31.589,0:08:35.729
particularly adults who are retired[br]school teachers and people like that.

0:08:37.290,0:08:38.422
I asked them,

0:08:39.622,0:08:41.944
"Why do you like this so much?[br]Do you like it?"

0:08:41.954,0:08:43.547
"Yes, we love it."

0:08:43.547,0:08:45.634
"Why do you like this so much?"

0:08:45.634,0:08:48.469
They said, "You know what?[br]We can switch them off."

0:08:48.469,0:08:50.048
(Laughter)

0:08:55.608,0:08:58.456
What I did after February, 2013

0:08:59.538,0:09:03.731
was to first look for places,[br]and then start building.

0:09:05.634,0:09:10.768
The seven labs are built to cover[br]from the really remote areas,

0:09:13.944,0:09:15.134
such as areas

0:09:16.254,0:09:20.679
without electricity, without healthcare,[br]without schooling,

0:09:21.508,0:09:23.760
nothing really, just the wild,

0:09:24.978,0:09:27.978
through to middle class England

0:09:27.978,0:09:30.377
and all the ones in between.

0:09:31.698,0:09:34.070
So, the seven have all been built now;

0:09:34.770,0:09:38.332
I finished opening the last one[br]just this month.

0:09:39.072,0:09:40.384
The very first one

0:09:40.384,0:09:43.531
was opened in November, 2013

0:09:47.616,0:09:49.758
the same year that I got the prize.

0:09:49.908,0:09:52.518
You see over there, a picture of that lab.

0:09:53.398,0:09:56.078
It's in a town called[br]Killingworth, England.

0:09:56.674,0:09:59.314
It's actually situated inside a school.

0:09:59.734,0:10:02.684
The school is called[br]George Stephenson High School.

0:10:03.513,0:10:05.902
It's very close[br]to George Stephenson's home,

0:10:05.902,0:10:09.072
you know the guy who built[br]the first working steam engine.

0:10:11.052,0:10:12.442
In Killingworth

0:10:14.976,0:10:16.358
- this is a room -

0:10:17.210,0:10:21.914
it just looks like a nice lounge[br]with computers and an Xbox.

0:10:27.923,0:10:29.973
The teachers when I built it said,

0:10:29.973,0:10:32.073
"Sugata, this is a bit too much.

0:10:32.073,0:10:35.543
Do you have any idea of what[br]they're going to do with that Xbox?

0:10:35.543,0:10:38.713
They are going to do nothing else,[br]except play with the Xbox."

0:10:39.749,0:10:42.169
So I said,[br]"That's our challenge, isn't it?"

0:10:42.169,0:10:45.029
If you have gone in there[br]to teach geography

0:10:45.619,0:10:47.929
and students are playing with the Xbox,

0:10:48.649,0:10:52.016
it means geography[br]is more boring than the Xbox.

0:10:53.395,0:10:57.545
Then, we should really look at geography[br]and chuck it from the curriculum

0:10:58.064,0:11:00.864
or put it into the Xbox somehow.

0:11:01.916,0:11:05.461
You can't tell the children:[br]"We will take away your Xbox

0:11:06.046,0:11:09.674
and put you into school[br]to do other things."

0:11:12.023,0:11:16.068
That's not the right way to engage[br]children's attention.

0:11:17.043,0:11:19.553
So here is a picture[br]of what happens in there.

0:11:20.216,0:11:23.096
As you can see[br]there are five children in the corner

0:11:23.096,0:11:25.087
researching something or the other,

0:11:25.087,0:11:27.251
and there is one on the Xbox.

0:11:27.251,0:11:30.221
If you give them something[br]interesting enough to do,

0:11:30.231,0:11:33.194
they don't, actually[br]play Xbox all the time;

0:11:34.001,0:11:36.011
[br]it was our misconception.

0:11:37.795,0:11:39.895
Here is more of Killingworth.

0:11:39.895,0:11:43.566
What they do in there is called[br]the self-organized learning environment.

0:11:44.824,0:11:49.067
It's very simple, take five computers[br]and take twenty children.

0:11:50.454,0:11:54.079
Put them in there; ask them a question.

0:11:54.714,0:11:57.828
The question has to be an interesting one,

0:11:59.054,0:12:00.932
what we call a "Big Question."

0:12:02.054,0:12:03.734
What's a big question?

0:12:05.004,0:12:09.238
It can be all kinds,[br]but let me give you an example:

0:12:12.849,0:12:17.343
A big question could be,[br]"Can trees think?"

0:12:21.099,0:12:25.954
If you give that question to children,[br]they first will mutter with each other,

0:12:25.954,0:12:28.954
"Trees, they can't."[br]"Maybe they can." "I don't know."

0:12:28.954,0:12:31.534
Then you just leave them alone[br]and you say,

0:12:31.534,0:12:35.784
“I don’t know the answer either,[br]but why don't we look for it? "

0:12:36.164,0:12:39.584
And this will happen,[br]what you see on the screen.

0:12:40.176,0:12:43.865
About 30 or 40 minutes later[br]they will come back to you,

0:12:44.736,0:12:47.901
not with childish observations;

0:12:49.116,0:12:51.977
they will come back[br]with the nature of thought,

0:12:51.977,0:12:54.905
with the latest advances in biology, etc.

0:12:55.605,0:12:59.276
That's called the self-organized[br]learning environment.

0:12:59.826,0:13:02.802
Here is one that we did[br]in Kalkaji, New Delhi.

0:13:05.058,0:13:09.867
It has on the wall a Skyped-in mediator[br]as you can see, and it's a girls school.

0:13:12.694,0:13:15.344
The girls couldn't speak[br]any English, to start with.

0:13:15.344,0:13:18.248
We opened it in February, 2014.

0:13:21.184,0:13:23.607
I put in a team of observers

0:13:24.477,0:13:27.798
to measure their[br]beginning levels of English,

0:13:28.260,0:13:30.284
which was close to zero, and then I said,

0:13:30.284,0:13:33.779
"We will measure every two months or so."

0:13:35.154,0:13:36.819
After about three days,

0:13:36.819,0:13:40.381
I was talking to this mediator[br]that you see on the screen, over Skype,

0:13:41.728,0:13:44.414
I was asking,[br]"How is it going there?"

0:13:44.414,0:13:46.744
She said, "Very nice.[br]Those girls are really nice.

0:13:46.744,0:13:50.274
One of them said to me,[br]'When are you coming next?' "

0:13:50.854,0:13:53.764
I said, "In what language[br]did she say that?"

0:13:54.584,0:13:56.804
The mediator said, "In English."

0:13:58.968,0:14:03.538
When I sent my research team in[br]after a month to measure the level,

0:14:04.638,0:14:08.275
she reported that was too late;[br]it's done already.

0:14:08.822,0:14:10.999
I've never seen anything[br]happen so quickly,

0:14:10.999,0:14:13.189
so I went to Delhi to ask the girls.

0:14:13.189,0:14:16.047
I said, "How did you do that so fast?"

0:14:16.655,0:14:19.315
They gave me an answer[br]which was quite astonishing.

0:14:19.767,0:14:22.767
They said, "You know that woman[br]who comes on the TV screen?

0:14:22.767,0:14:25.429
She doesn't understand[br]anything other than English."

0:14:25.808,0:14:27.453
(Laughter)

0:14:27.911,0:14:29.552
It's as simple as that.

0:14:32.185,0:14:35.342
This is a little town called[br]Newton Aycliffe in England.

0:14:37.129,0:14:40.538
If you remember the map,[br]it's in Northeast.

0:14:41.567,0:14:43.560
This school is called Greenfields,

0:14:44.540,0:14:47.625
and we have a School in the Cloud there.

0:14:48.370,0:14:52.236
What they have done is[br]they made one of their walls glass.

0:14:53.550,0:14:58.211
On the other side, is a typical[br]English green country side.

0:15:00.498,0:15:04.188
Inside they put in astro turf,[br]so when you enter the room

0:15:04.188,0:15:06.731
suddenly you feel as though[br]you are outside

0:15:06.731,0:15:08.811
because of the turf merging in.

0:15:08.811,0:15:12.877
They put park benches, gas lamps,[br]and things like that

0:15:13.681,0:15:16.383
and a few computers scattered in there.

0:15:17.983,0:15:23.191
So, the children come into the room,[br]and when you leave them alone -

0:15:23.805,0:15:26.589
when you do self-organized[br]learning environment,

0:15:26.739,0:15:30.096
you, the teachers,[br]don't stay there; you go out -

0:15:30.593,0:15:33.333
so, you start the session, and you go out,

0:15:33.812,0:15:37.802
and from the other side[br]which is also glass you can observe them.

0:15:40.730,0:15:43.526
Once, very recently in Greenfields,

0:15:43.820,0:15:48.798
a group of 8 year olds were sent[br]into the room by their teacher,

0:15:49.810,0:15:53.080
the teacher said -[br]we often do this in SOLEs -

0:15:53.080,0:15:54.510
we say to the children,

0:15:54.510,0:15:56.840
"For the next 45 minutes,

0:15:56.840,0:15:59.497
I can't talk to you,[br]you can't talk to me."

0:15:59.840,0:16:01.738
There is no communication.

0:16:01.738,0:16:05.276
You are on your own,[br]and there is the big question.

0:16:05.552,0:16:07.155
So, she did that.

0:16:08.264,0:16:12.096
These 8 year olds were doing things.

0:16:14.018,0:16:16.238
After a while - remember what she said?

0:16:16.238,0:16:18.588
"You can't talk to me,[br]and I can't talk to you."

0:16:19.020,0:16:22.426
After a little while one of them[br]came up to the glass window,

0:16:22.426,0:16:28.136
he had a piece of paper in his hand,[br]and he held it up, on it were the words

0:16:28.146,0:16:29.936
"Help! We are stuck."

0:16:30.268,0:16:31.885
(Laughter)

0:16:33.911,0:16:36.531
She didn't say,[br]"You can't communicate with me,"

0:16:36.531,0:16:39.279
she said, "You can't talk to me."

0:16:39.531,0:16:41.781
I thought that was clever thinking.

0:16:43.503,0:16:45.943
Here is another view of Greenfields.

0:16:47.635,0:16:48.819
Another one.

0:16:50.065,0:16:52.152
Chandrakona in Bengal,

0:16:53.682,0:16:55.792
it's a pretty remote area.

0:16:57.252,0:17:00.409
If you can think of the map of India

0:17:00.812,0:17:05.657
think of the eastern side,[br]the side close to Burma and Thailand.

0:17:07.842,0:17:10.002
This is somewhere there.

0:17:11.739,0:17:14.645
In Chandrakona we have this structure

0:17:16.405,0:17:18.495
and we built a School in the Cloud.

0:17:19.405,0:17:23.515
The parents came there;[br]they are all farmers and they said,

0:17:23.925,0:17:25.855
"What are we supposed to do here?"

0:17:25.855,0:17:28.595
I said, "You are supposed[br]to send your children here."

0:17:28.595,0:17:30.156
They said, "What for?"

0:17:30.885,0:17:33.771
I said, "They learn things here."

0:17:34.505,0:17:38.221
They pointed to the computers and said,[br]"From those TV screens?"

0:17:38.405,0:17:41.275
I said, "They are not TVs,[br]they are computers".

0:17:41.625,0:17:44.175
And they said,[br]"Well, isn't that the same thing?"

0:17:44.175,0:17:46.025
I said, "No, not quite"

0:17:46.845,0:17:50.054
They said, "Who will teach them?"

0:17:50.735,0:17:53.425
I said, "They will teach themselves".

0:17:53.945,0:17:57.545
"How can they?"[br]I said, "They will use the Internet."

0:17:58.205,0:18:00.145
"What's the Internet?"

0:18:01.955,0:18:03.933
Where do you go from there?

0:18:06.458,0:18:08.888
This is what it looks like inside.

0:18:09.256,0:18:12.716
If you can see it,[br]you will see it at the far end

0:18:14.556,0:18:18.355
an Australian gentleman[br]who talks to the children.

0:18:19.676,0:18:22.645
I hate to think[br]what will happen to their accents,

0:18:22.935,0:18:25.055
but otherwise they love him.

0:18:25.055,0:18:26.585
(Laughter)

0:18:27.454,0:18:30.429
In Chandrakona, three months later

0:18:31.988,0:18:35.188
there's a tall, slim, young girl there.

0:18:39.783,0:18:43.043
I have visited the place and she said,[br]"We really love this place."

0:18:43.251,0:18:44.811
I said, "For what?"

0:18:45.805,0:18:48.535
She said, "You can find out[br]all sorts of things here."

0:18:49.465,0:18:52.325
I said, "Like what?[br]What are you finding out today?"

0:18:52.325,0:18:56.534
She said, "We were taught in school[br]that plants are green

0:18:58.715,0:19:00.825
because they have chlorophyll.

0:19:00.825,0:19:05.186
And they have chlorophyll[br]to process light in order to make energy.

0:19:07.356,0:19:09.656
I've come here to find out

0:19:09.656,0:19:14.510
why chlorophyll has to be green[br]and not blue, yellow or red.

0:19:16.996,0:19:18.421
Do you know?"

0:19:18.746,0:19:23.226
I said, "No, I have no idea[br]why it has to be green."

0:19:24.186,0:19:26.656
She said, "Ok, we will figure it out."

0:19:28.750,0:19:29.863
Three months.

0:19:31.614,0:19:33.714
That's a view of the inside again.

0:19:34.771,0:19:39.504
Here is our most remote area;[br]it's called Korakati, also Eastern India;

0:19:39.995,0:19:42.229
it's where the Ganges meets the sea.

0:19:43.719,0:19:45.227
It has nothing there;

0:19:45.227,0:19:47.987
there's no electricity,[br]no healthcare, no schools.

0:19:48.667,0:19:51.447
I won’t say nothing -[br]they have Bengal tigers,

0:19:52.087,0:19:53.467
(Laughter)

0:19:53.947,0:19:57.987
and hooded cobras and lots of children.

0:20:00.467,0:20:03.274
It took some building,[br]but I built that one.

0:20:03.577,0:20:07.543
It's solar powered, it has a tower[br]which is 45 ft high.

0:20:09.251,0:20:10.911
I couldn't get the Internet,

0:20:10.911,0:20:14.407
I had a receiver and kept raising it[br]on bamboo poles,

0:20:14.407,0:20:19.240
at 45 ft above ground,[br]we now got 8 megabits per second 3G.

0:20:22.497,0:20:26.245
3G met the stone age in there.

0:20:29.742,0:20:32.892
In Chandrakona,[br]the sessions are intermittent

0:20:32.892,0:20:35.232
because of all sort of problems.

0:20:36.971,0:20:40.214
The cables run on the ground,

0:20:40.751,0:20:44.421
the Internet cables that connect[br]all the computers together.

0:20:44.421,0:20:47.831
If you have seen those cables,[br]they are kind of cream colored.

0:20:49.507,0:20:54.460
I had to remove them[br]and lift them up, somewhere,

0:20:55.247,0:20:59.551
because there is a very pale, thin snake

0:21:00.327,0:21:05.909
which can change its color to the color[br]of the Internet cable and sleeps there.

0:21:08.260,0:21:10.040
A bit of a strange problem,

0:21:10.040,0:21:12.790
you don't get these problems[br]in schools usually.

0:21:12.790,0:21:14.160
(Laughter)

0:21:16.478,0:21:18.818
The Internet comes and goes.

0:21:20.168,0:21:22.908
The children walk for three miles[br]to come to school

0:21:23.181,0:21:25.996
and find there is no Internet[br]and walk back three miles.

0:21:26.471,0:21:28.971
Naturally they are not[br]very happy about it.

0:21:29.481,0:21:31.351
But in the middle of all this,

0:21:32.221,0:21:37.611
what they do is to find games,[br]download them and play them.

0:21:39.630,0:21:42.360
Somehow they are able[br]to get to that point.

0:21:43.012,0:21:46.503
I asked them what a web page was recently,

0:21:47.977,0:21:50.462
and they thought for a while.

0:21:50.462,0:21:54.225
They said, "It's made[br]by someone who is not here,

0:21:55.032,0:22:00.274
someone very far away who sends it[br]somehow over those things

0:22:01.092,0:22:04.024
which look like the cream colored snakes."

0:22:04.268,0:22:05.742
(Laughter)

0:22:07.018,0:22:10.138
This is the latest of the areas.[br]I don't have a picture of it.

0:22:10.138,0:22:12.448
It's a hexagonal, our best structure.

0:22:13.481,0:22:17.626
In there, the studies are just beginning.

0:22:19.111,0:22:23.371
It took a lot of time to build,[br]and it cost close to a million dollars,

0:22:24.402,0:22:26.472
but there are a thousand children,

0:22:27.751,0:22:31.981
thousand very interesting children[br]added to the Cloud.

0:22:33.508,0:22:34.733
Thank you.

0:22:35.040,0:22:37.100
(Applause)