WEBVTT

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Are you excited or not?

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(Audience) Yes.

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I try again, are you excited or not?

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(Audience) Yes.

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You seem really excited, now.

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Here is a picture for you to cool down.

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Don't laugh; this is where I grew up.

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OK, I am leaving!

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I grew up there, I have
a very exciting life, in a council flat,

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and my grand mother lived
on the 11th floor,

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you will be cleverer
when going to bed tonight,

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you did not expect to learn
that from a TEDx, I suppose.

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This, you will never forget,

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Idriss Aberkane's grandmother
lived on the 11th floor of this block.

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Why do I show this to you?

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Because I am actually convinced
that in the world that surrounds us,

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all the objects we create
and that surround us can speak,

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we can ask them why they are there.

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All the objects we created, which are part
of our daily life, our environment

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can be asked, "Little object,
little product, little service,

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why are you there?"

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I am convinced if we really asked objects
around us why they are there,

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the huge majority would answer,

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"I am there
because there is a market, idiot."

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Check this with the objects around you,

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most of them are there
because there is a market.

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Actually, the people
who made them don't use them.

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The people who built that tower
don't live there, no.

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There are objects which are not there
because there is a market,

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and then, we have objects one even wonders
why they are there at all.

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This block for example,
my grandmother did not live there,

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it has been the highest tower
in the Christian world for very long,

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Strasbourg Cathedral,

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but here, it is an object that if asked,

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"Why are you there little building?"

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It will answer, "I'm here because mum
and dad loved each other very much."

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These are exceptional objects

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Whether they are goods,
products, or services,

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but it can even be buildings
such as Sydney Opera or the Eiffel Tower,

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the Eiffel Tower which was to be
disassembled, since useless.

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Ask the Eiffel Tower, "Why are you there?"

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"I'm here because mum and dad
loved each other very much."

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It's not rational.

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With a business plan,
it would not have been built.

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I am here to talk about this actually,

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what makes TED specificity in general,

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why is TED so special?

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We will see in fact
that it is precisely passion and love.

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But, before that,
I will tell you something

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which may not seem exciting.

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Right now, we are undertaking
a knowledge transaction.

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I give you the knowledge,
and you give me two things in exchange.

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Which ones? What are you
giving me right now?

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(Audience) Attention, love,

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IA: Attention - we will talk
about love later - and time.

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In fact, if you want to buy knowledge,

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you need attention and time in exchange.

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That is the equation
I discovered in Stanford,

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it doesn't bite, don't worry,
it is really kind,

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it describes what you are going
to do today at TEDx:

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you are going to give attention
and time to the speaker.

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To buy knowledge, you need to pay
with attention multiplied by time.

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Let's check it is indeed a product,

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A product means that if one of the 2
is equal to 0, the whole equals 0.

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If you give me one hour of your time,
but are not focused,

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there will be no exchange of knowledge.

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You should give me
your whole attention and all your time.

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This is the currency
in the knowledge economy.

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To learn something, you have to pay
with attention and time.

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And the good news with this equation
is that we all have both from birth.

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Yes, the young Somali is not born
with pocket money,

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but he has attention and time.

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The knowledge economy
is therefore the only economy

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where everybody is born
with a buying power,

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which is good news!

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Under what conditions

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do we give our whole attention
and all our time to someone?

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How is this called?

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Love.

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When you love someone,

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you lavishly give him or her
your whole attention and all your time.

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The knowledge economy is the only one

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which maximizes
the lovers' purchasing power.

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Literally, if you want to learn faster,

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make sure you fall in love first

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with the knowledge you will learn.

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This is what the story of my work
and my findings are about:

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what is the role of love in the economy,
which is supposed to be prosy?

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At Stanford, when I dealt with this,
people understood quite well.

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But in France when I said, "Well,

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let's talk a little about love
in companies,"

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no kidding, people would not understand.

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So, I told them, "Well, to maximize
the flow of knowledge,

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you need to love what you do,

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the main point is to love your job,

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you will turn out to be more competitive."

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But apparently, I had not found
the proper words,

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above all with managers, as I was teaching
in Centrale, and it is specific.

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So I thought, "We're in Descartes homeland
let's make a diagram,

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let's draw something really Cartesian."

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I called it, "Love Can Do,"

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and I wondered, "What are
the companies with a little difference,

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those slightly standing out?"

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It is the ones which do what they can do.

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So I thought, let's take the Can Do axis:

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can I do my job?

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But we are going to add another axis,

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and we'll stick
to the good old Cartesian diagram,

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and we are going to add some love;

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forgive me to add some love
into a Cartesian diagram.

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Let's consider another thing,
"Let's organize the companies,

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or not just the companies,
by the way, but any initiative,

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according to what people love to do
and what they can do."

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The company which does
what it loves and what it can do

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is the company standing out,

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that doesn't mean it is the leader,

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it means there is you,
and then there's the rest of the world.

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Typically, we mention Apple.

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What does "standing out" mean?

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Chris Martin and Gwyneth Paltrow
have a daughter.

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Chris Martin, singer of Coldplay,
and Gwyneth Paltrow, Hollywood star.

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How do they call here? Apple.

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Who is going to call
their daughter Samsung?

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(Laughter)

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That is standing out.

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It makes you laugh
because it is standing out.

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Then, there is the follower,

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the one who does his job right,
he can do it, he handles it,

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but he doesn't care about love.

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And, excuse me,

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but Samsung didn't go from
making toilets to making tablets

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just because they loved it,
there was a market.

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When the market was there,
they just went for it.

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That is the case
for the vast majority of companies.

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There is a market, they go for it.

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That is the follower.

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The difference between
the follower and the leader,

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the one standing out,

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is, "Do I like the job,

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or do I only do it
because there is a market?"

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Talking of job, you know the joke,

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we say the Americans have Steve Jobs
and the French have Pôle Emploi.

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(Laughter)

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There is no video editing for TEDx,
the joke is on me.

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(Applause)

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Then, you have other players,

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my favorite being the garage
in the Silicon Valley.

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All those companies
that were founded in garages.

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What does that mean
that today they are there,

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I mean up there?

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What does it mean?

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That means a maximum of love
and a minimum of know-how.

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That's how Google and Amazon were created.

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That is how Tesla, Apple,
Hewlett Packard and Disney were created.

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Yes, Disney created Alice in Wonderlands

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in a garage in Los Angeles.

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Please, don't look for any wordplay.

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(Laughter)

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Oh, humor.

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The garages in the Silicon Valley
don't do a job

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because they know how to,

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they don't know anything about it,
but they love it.

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The garage is going to select
the ones who love it,

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because there are no grades, no prices,

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you won't get a regional price
for competitiveness,

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you won't get anything,

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you won't be able to pick somebody saying,
"I work in a garage."

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You cannot write that on your resume.

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There is no award,

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no grade, no diploma,
there is only what you do.

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The garage selects the enthusiasts,
the ones who are passionate about the job,

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the ones who love it.

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And so, when you mix
love and incompetence,

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you get the result,

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"Sorry guys, I didn't know
it was impossible so I did it."

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That is typical of the Silicon Valley's
companies that were created in a garage.

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As we were telling them,
"Guys, that is impossible,"

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they just did it because they had
no manuals to hold them back.

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Obviously, the worst thing is
that we have those kind of players,

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the compelled incomers.

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It is easy to sum it up,

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if you ask them,
"Why do you make your products?"

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"Because I had to.

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I wanted to be a vet but I was told
to make that product, so I did."

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The best example is,
you might know it, the brand Lada,

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or the Russian words in general.

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A friend of mine met a marabout in Africa,

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and like all great marabouts,
he had the list of all his miracles:

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the loved-one coming back, glory,
beauty, ingrown nail healing, all of it,

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and his concluding claim was:
can even start Russian motorcycles?

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(Laughter)

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There is walking on water, and then
there is starting a Russian motorcycles.

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That tells a lot about
Russian motorcycles,

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and you clearly wouldn't dream
about a Russian motorcycle.

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One we have that diagram,

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we see that if the follower
wants to stand out,

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there is only one question to ask,

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and you'll see that it fits
perfectly with this TEDx's theme,

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the upward direction --

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do you want some self-consistency?

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(Laughter)

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They have to ask themselves,
"Why do I do my job?"

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For the compelled incomers,

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the red arrow pointing down
is the path to suffering,

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because you get the knowledge
but do not have the love of the job.

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You are in this mode,

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"Why are you working?"
"Because I have to."

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That is suffering, that is
committing suicide at work, it is hell.

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The garage in the Silicon Valley,
on the other hand, obtains

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all his knowledge out of love.

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He does the job because he loves it,

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and he is going to get all his expertise
on the path to love.

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That path, I called it El Camino Real,

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that is the avenue in the Silicon Valley.

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That avenue which structures
the Silicon Valley

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is called the royal road in Spanish,
El Camino Real,

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and that's how I called this transition.

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Because the Google, the Apple,
the Walt-Disney, the Hewlett-Packard

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have followed this way.

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The ones who followed it the most
and which illustrate best Love Can Do,

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that's Tesla.

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Tesla is typically the company

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which didn't know anything
about its competitors..

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So almost all the decisions they made

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were completely dumb and irrational.

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On that frame, you can see
an illustration of Love Can Do.

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On this picture, you can see
the Love and the Can Do.

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That is what love is, that is this engine.

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In fact, when Elon Musk founded Tesla,

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he asked his engineers for an engine
that was invented by Nicolas Tesla,

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because he is a fan of Tesla,
the second da Vinci of the 20th century.

00:11:05.249 --> 00:11:06.754
So he told his engineers,

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"I want an engine that was invented
by Nicolas Tesla."

00:11:09.515 --> 00:11:11.249
If you think about it,

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that is dumb, as dumb as asking Airbus
for a Leonard de Vinci's technology.

00:11:15.245 --> 00:11:18.074
So the engineers replied,
"Well, that is dumb."

00:11:18.075 --> 00:11:21.750
And Elon Musk said, "I am the one paying,

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so you are going to make
a N. Tesla's engine, and shut up."

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This engine which gives nightmares

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to the entire global
automotive establishment

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is an engine that was patented
by Nicolas Tesla in 1896.

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That is love,

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because it is no rational decision.

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You rationally won't beat your competitors
with a thing from the 19th century.

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"I am just passionate
about Tesla," so here it is.

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Can Do is the battery in this.

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You don't see it now,
but they will be put onto the frame

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and Can Do is a car with batteries,

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we didn't have good returns
so Elon Musk said,

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"Wait, does a laptop have a good battery?"

00:12:01.775 --> 00:12:02.914
"Yeah, it's not bad."

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The new Mac had a good battery.

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"Fine, just take some of these
and pile them up."

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That's what they did.

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Love Can Do.

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The epitome of Love Can Do
- we won't talk about it for long,

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it would be an inter-TEDx -
it is the Wright brothers,

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they were entirely made of Love Can Do,

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they had no diploma.

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While guys in Polytechnique,
the MIT, the Royal Society

00:12:28.960 --> 00:12:30.879
wanted to make their first plane fly,

00:12:30.880 --> 00:12:32.349
the ones who made it fly

00:12:32.350 --> 00:12:34.591
were two idiots,
60km away from Dayton, Ohio,

00:12:34.592 --> 00:12:37.011
and who hadn't graduated from High School,

00:12:37.012 --> 00:12:39.461
and that was because they crashed
five times a day.

00:12:39.462 --> 00:12:42.362
An excellent TED speaker
said it better than me,

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his name is Simon Sinek

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- spend a minute with Simon Sinek,
it is better than my TEDx.

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I can tell you that,
seriously, Simon Sinek.

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The conclusion of Love Can Do for me

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is that, no matter the expertise,

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you saw it: attention times time,

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when you learn something,

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your learning, if you are passionate,

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is going to take theses steps:

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5, 50, 500, 5,000, maybe 50,000 hours.

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In 5 hours, you get into any knowledge,

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in 50 hours you are autonomous,
in 500 hours you can teach it,

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at 5,000 there are the first Nobel Prizes,

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and at 50,000 you get what Japanese call

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a living national treasure.

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I insist on saying that it only works
if you learn because your are passionate,

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you have a maximum attention.

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I will show you a case
of living national treasure,

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Wallace Chan,
the best jeweler in the world.

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That guy is standing out,

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that guys has 100,000 hours
of doing what he does,

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that is exceptional, no jeweler
can do it like he does.

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I will just who you one of his creations
that shows Love Can Do,

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the guy made a portrait in an aquamarine.

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That is called the Wallace Cut,
he can cut out a portrait

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that is reflected on all the facets
of the aquamarine.

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Why? Because he loves it,

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and when you ask him,
"Do you want to go on holidays?"

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He says, "In my workshop,
I am already on holidays,

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that is the only thing that satisfies me."

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Today, you are going to see
lots of speakers

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who will illustrate Love Can Do
better than I can.

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Because I am only talking about theory,

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they are going to talk about practice.

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The speaker coming up right after me
will talk to you about love in companies,

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and you will see exactly
what Love Can Do can result in.

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And so on, for the Veilles Charrues
music festival, etc.

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All I want you to do now,

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is consider Love Can Do in your life,

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and I want you to say
something extremely simple,

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that is that every economically useful
human being might not be fulfilled,

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but every fulfilled human being
is necessarily economically useful.

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So let's value fulfillment
more than economical usefulness.

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Have an excellent day.

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(Applause)