[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:01.71,0:00:03.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Can I get a show of hands --
Dialogue: 0,0:00:03.10,0:00:06.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how many of you in this room\Nhave been on a plane in this past year?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:08.26,0:00:09.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's pretty good.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:09.44,0:00:12.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, it turns out that you\Nshare that experience
Dialogue: 0,0:00:12.34,0:00:15.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with more than three billion\Npeople every year.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.20,0:00:18.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And when we put so many people\Nin all these metal tubes
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.36,0:00:19.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that fly all over the world,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:19.97,0:00:22.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sometimes, things like this can happen
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.67,0:00:24.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you get a disease epidemic.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:25.12,0:00:27.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I first actually got into this topic
Dialogue: 0,0:00:27.09,0:00:29.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when I heard about the Ebola\Noutbreak last year.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.75,0:00:31.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it turns out that,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:31.23,0:00:34.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,although Ebola spreads\Nthrough these more range-limited,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.08,0:00:35.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,large-droplet routes,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:35.44,0:00:37.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there's all these other sorts of diseases
Dialogue: 0,0:00:37.44,0:00:39.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that can be spread in the airplane cabin.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:39.44,0:00:42.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The worst part is, when we take\Na look at some of the numbers,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:42.65,0:00:44.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's pretty scary.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.09,0:00:45.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So with H1N1,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:45.87,0:00:48.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there was this guy that decided\Nto go on the plane
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.29,0:00:50.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in the matter of a single flight,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.08,0:00:52.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,actually spread the disease\Nto 17 other people.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.36,0:00:54.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then there was this\Nother guy with SARS,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.51,0:00:56.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who managed to go on a three-hour flight
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.64,0:00:59.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and spread the disease to 22 other people.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:59.50,0:01:02.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's not exactly my idea\Nof a great superpower.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.66,0:01:06.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When we take a look at this,\Nwhat we also find
Dialogue: 0,0:01:06.25,0:01:09.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that it's very difficult\Nto pre-screen for these diseases.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.62,0:01:11.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So when someone goes on a plane,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:11.73,0:01:12.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they could be sick
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.96,0:01:15.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they could actually\Nbe in this latency period
Dialogue: 0,0:01:15.38,0:01:17.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in which they could actually\Nhave the disease
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.57,0:01:19.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but not exhibit any symptoms,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.16,0:01:21.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they could, in turn,\Nspread the disease
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.38,0:01:23.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to many other people in the cabin.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:23.07,0:01:25.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How that actually works is that right now
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.18,0:01:27.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we've got air coming in\Nfrom the top of the cabin
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.49,0:01:29.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and from the side of the cabin,\Nas you see in blue.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.94,0:01:34.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then also, that air goes out\Nthrough these very efficient filters
Dialogue: 0,0:01:34.17,0:01:38.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that eliminate 99.97 percent\Nof pathogens near the outlets.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:39.44,0:01:40.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What happens right now, though,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.94,0:01:43.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that we have this\Nmixing airflow pattern.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.04,0:01:44.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if someone were to actually sneeze,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.89,0:01:47.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that air would get swirled\Naround multiple times
Dialogue: 0,0:01:47.62,0:01:50.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,before it even has a chance\Nto go out through the filter.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.78,0:01:54.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I thought: clearly, this\Nis a pretty serious problem.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.02,0:01:58.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I didn't have the money\Nto go out and buy a plane,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:58.78,0:02:01.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so I decided to build a computer instead.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.04,0:02:04.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It actually turns out that\Nwith computational fluid dynamics,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.34,0:02:06.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what we're able to do\Nis create these simulations
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.96,0:02:08.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that give us higher resolutions
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.78,0:02:12.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than actually physically going\Nin and taking readings in the plane.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.84,0:02:15.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so how, essentially, this works\Nis you would start out
Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.87,0:02:17.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with these 2D drawings --
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.57,0:02:20.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these are floating around\Nin technical papers around the Internet.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:20.72,0:02:23.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I take that and then I put it\Ninto this 3D-modeling software,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:23.64,0:02:25.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,really building that 3D model.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.44,0:02:29.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then I divide that model\Nthat I just built into these tiny pieces,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:29.92,0:02:33.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,essentially meshing it so that\Nthe computer can better understand it.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.53,0:02:37.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then I tell the computer where\Nthe air goes in and out of the cabin,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:37.27,0:02:38.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,throw in a bunch of physics,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.79,0:02:43.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and basically sit there and wait until\Nthe computer calculates the simulation.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.02,0:02:47.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what we get, actually,\Nwith the conventional cabin is this:
Dialogue: 0,0:02:47.67,0:02:49.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you'll notice the middle person sneezing,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.77,0:02:54.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we go "Splat!" -- it goes\Nright into people's faces.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:54.88,0:02:56.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's pretty disgusting.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:56.73,0:02:59.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,From the front, you'll notice\Nthose two passengers
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.10,0:03:00.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sitting next to the central passenger
Dialogue: 0,0:03:00.91,0:03:02.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not exactly having a great time.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:02.64,0:03:04.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And when we take a look\Nat that from the side,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.85,0:03:08.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you'll also notice those pathogens\Nspreading across the length of the cabin.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.02,0:03:12.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The first thing I thought was,\N"This is no good."
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.39,0:03:15.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I actually conducted\Nmore than 32 different simulations
Dialogue: 0,0:03:15.92,0:03:19.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and ultimately, I came up\Nwith this solution right here.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.31,0:03:22.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is what I call a -- patent pending --\NGlobal Inlet Director.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:22.85,0:03:25.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,With this, we're able to reduce\Npathogen transmission
Dialogue: 0,0:03:25.44,0:03:27.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by about 55 times,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.23,0:03:30.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and increase fresh-air inhalation\Nby about 190 percent.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:30.41,0:03:32.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So how this actually works
Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.04,0:03:35.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is we would install this piece\Nof composite material
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.19,0:03:38.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into these existing spots\Nthat are already in the plane.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.18,0:03:40.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it's very cost-effective to install
Dialogue: 0,0:03:40.21,0:03:42.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we can do this directly overnight.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.08,0:03:45.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All we have to do is put a couple\Nof screws in there and you're good to go.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.65,0:03:48.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the results that we get\Nare absolutely amazing.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:48.54,0:03:52.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Instead of having those problematic\Nswirling airflow patterns,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:52.10,0:03:53.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we can create these walls of air
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.86,0:03:56.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that come down in-between the passengers
Dialogue: 0,0:03:56.06,0:03:57.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to create personalized breathing zones.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.98,0:04:00.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So you'll notice the middle passenger\Nhere is sneezing again,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:00.99,0:04:03.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but this time, we're able\Nto effectively push that down
Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.72,0:04:06.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the filters for elimination.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.46,0:04:07.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And same thing from the side,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.88,0:04:11.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you'll notice we're able to directly\Npush those pathogens down.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:11.68,0:04:15.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if you take a look again now\Nat the same scenario
Dialogue: 0,0:04:15.20,0:04:16.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but with this innovation installed,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:16.91,0:04:18.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you'll notice the middle\Npassenger sneezes,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.95,0:04:22.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this time, we're pushing\Nthat straight down into the outlet
Dialogue: 0,0:04:22.05,0:04:25.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,before it gets a chance\Nto infect any other people.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:25.80,0:04:28.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So you'll notice the two passengers\Nsitting next to the middle guy
Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.94,0:04:31.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are breathing virtually\Nno pathogens at all.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:31.20,0:04:33.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Take a look at that from the side as well,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:33.75,0:04:35.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you see a very efficient system.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:35.33,0:04:37.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in short, with this system, we win.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:39.26,0:04:42.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When we take a look at what this means,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:42.17,0:04:45.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what we see is that this not only works\Nif the middle passenger sneezes,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:45.66,0:04:48.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but also if the window-seat\Npassenger sneezes,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:48.46,0:04:50.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or if the aisle-seat passenger sneezes.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:51.17,0:04:54.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so with this solution, what does\Nthis mean for the world?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:54.28,0:04:57.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, when we take a look at this
Dialogue: 0,0:04:57.82,0:05:00.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the computer simulation\Ninto real life,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:00.41,0:05:03.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we can see with this 3D model\Nthat I built over here,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:03.20,0:05:05.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,essentially using 3D printing,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.31,0:05:08.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we can see those same\Nairflow patterns coming down,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.29,0:05:09.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,right to the passengers.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:10.92,0:05:13.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the past, the SARS epidemic\Nactually cost the world
Dialogue: 0,0:05:14.01,0:05:15.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about 40 billion dollars.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:15.97,0:05:17.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in the future,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:17.15,0:05:19.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a big disease outbreak\Ncould actually cost the world
Dialogue: 0,0:05:19.72,0:05:21.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in excess of three trillion dollars.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:21.94,0:05:25.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So before, it used to be that you had\Nto take an airplane out of service
Dialogue: 0,0:05:25.44,0:05:27.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for one to two months,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:27.34,0:05:30.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,spend tens of thousands of man hours\Nand several million dollars
Dialogue: 0,0:05:30.94,0:05:32.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to try to change something.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:32.28,0:05:35.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But now, we're able to install\Nsomething essentially overnight,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.82,0:05:37.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and see results right away.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:37.57,0:05:40.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it's really now a matter of taking\Nthis through to certification,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:40.80,0:05:41.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,flight testing,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:42.01,0:05:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and going through all of these\Nregulatory approvals processes.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:45.03,0:05:48.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it just really goes to show\Nthat sometimes the best solutions
Dialogue: 0,0:05:48.12,0:05:49.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are the simplest solutions.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:49.94,0:05:53.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And two years ago, even,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:53.15,0:05:54.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this project would not have happened,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:54.94,0:05:57.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just because the technology then\Nwouldn't have supported it.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:57.79,0:06:00.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But now with advanced computing
Dialogue: 0,0:06:00.28,0:06:02.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and how developed our Internet is,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:02.50,0:06:05.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's really the golden era for innovation.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:05.16,0:06:08.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so the question I ask all\Nof you today is: why wait?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:08.42,0:06:10.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Together, we can build the future today.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:11.12,0:06:12.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thanks.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:12.30,0:06:15.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)