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Adresses IP et DNS

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Bonjour.
Je m'appelle Paola

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et je suis ingénieure
logiciel chez Microsoft.

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Parlons du fonctionnement d'internet.

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Mon travail repose sur
la capacité des réseaux

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à communiquer entre eux.

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Mais dans les années 1970,

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il n'y avait pas 
de norme pour cela.

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Vincent Cerf et Bob Kahn

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ont rendu la 
communication possible

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grâce à l'invention du
protocole de l'Internetworking.

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Cette invention a créé les bases

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de ce que nous appelons
aujourd'hui internet.

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- Internet est un réseau de réseaux.

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Il relie des milliers 
d'appareils dans le monde entier.

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Vous êtes peut-être
connecté au wifi

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sur votre ordinateur
ou smartphone.

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Cette connection
au wifi se relie à

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un fournisseur d'accès
à internet, ou FAI.

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Et cet FAI vous connecte
à des milliers et des milliers

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d'appareils dans le monde entier

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par l'intermédiaire de
centaines de milliers de réseaux

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qui sont tous interconnectés.

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Une chose que la plupart
des personnes n'apprécie pas

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est qu'internet est
une philosophie de conception

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et une architecture exprimée
par un ensemble de protocoles.

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Un protocole est un ensemble
connu de règles et de normes qui,

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si toutes les parties
acceptent de l'utiliser,

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leur permettra de
communiquer sans problème.

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Le fonctionnement physique
d'internet est moins important que

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le fait que cette philosophie
de conception a permis

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à internet de
s'adapter et d'intégrer

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les nouvelles technologies
de communication.

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En effet, pour qu'une
nouvelle technologie

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puisse utiliser internet
d'une certaine manière,

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il lui suffit de savoir avec
quels protocoles il faut fonctionner.

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Tous les différents
appareils sur internet

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ont une adresse unique.

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Une adresse sur internet
est un simple numéro,

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comme un numéro de téléphone
ou une sorte d'adresse postale,

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qui est unique à chaque
ordinateur ou appareil

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à l'extrémité du réseau.

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