[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.00,0:00:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What keeps us healthy and happy as we go through life?
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you were going to invest now
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in your best future self,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where would you put your time
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and your energy?
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There was a recent survey of Millenials
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,asking them what their most important
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,life goals were,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and over 80% said that the major life goal for them
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was to get rich.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And another 50% of the same young adults
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,said that another major life goal was
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to become famous.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we're constantly told to lean into work
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to push harder and achieve more.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're given the impression that these are the things
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we go after in order to have a good life
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pictures of entire lifes, of the choices that people make
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and how those choices work out for them
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,those pictures are almost impossible to get.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Most of what we know about human life
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we know from asking people\Nto remember the past,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and as we know, hindsight\Nis anything but 20/20.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We forget vast amounts\Nof what happens to us in life,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and sometimes memory\Nis downright creative.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mark Twain understood this.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He's quoted as saying,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Some of the worst things in my life\Nnever happened."
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And research shows us that we actually\Nremember the past more positively
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as we get older.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm reminded of a bumper sticker\Nthat says,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"It's never too late\Nto have a happy childhood."
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(laughter)
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But what if we could watch entire lives
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as they unfold through time?
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What if we could study people\Nfrom the time that they were teenagers
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all the way into old age
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to see what really keeps people\Nhappy and healthy?
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We did that.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Harvard Study of Adult Development
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,may be the longest study\Nof adult life that's ever been done.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For 75 years, we've tracked\Nthe lives of 724 men,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,year after year, asking about their work,\Ntheir home lives, their health,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and of course asking all along the way\Nwithout knowing how their life stories
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were going to turn out.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Studies like this are exceedingly rare.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Almost all projects of this kind\Nfall apart within a decade
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because too many people\Ndrop out of the study,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or funding for the research dries up,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or the researchers get distracted,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or they die, and nobody moves the ball\Nfurther down the field.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But through a combination of luck
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the persistence\Nof several generations of researchers,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this study has survived.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,About 60 of our original 724 men
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are still alive,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,still participating in the study,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,most of them in their 90s.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we are now beginning to study
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the more than 2,000 children of these men.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I'm the fourth director of the study.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Since 1938, we've tracked the lives\Nof two groups of men.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The first group started in the study
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when they were sophomores\Nat Harvard College.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The were from what Tom Brokaw has called\N"the greatest generation".
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They all finished college\Nduring World War II,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then most went off\Nto serve in the war.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the second group that we've followed
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was a group of boys\Nfrom Boston's poorest neighborhoods,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,boys who were chosen for the study
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,specifically because they were\Nfrom some of the most troubled
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and disadvantaged families
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the Boston of the 1930s.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Most lived in tenements,\Nmany without hot and cold running water.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When they entered the study,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all of these teenagers were interviewed.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They were given medical exams.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We went to their homes\Nand we interviewed their parents.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then these teenagers\Ngrew up into adults
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who entered all walks of life.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They became factory workers and lawyers\Nand bricklayers and doctors,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one President of the United States.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Some developed alcoholism.\NA few developed schizophrenia.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Some climbed the social ladder
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the bottom\Nall the way to the very top,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and some made that journey\Nin the opposite direction.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The founders of this study
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would never in their wildest dreams
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have imagined that I would be\Nstanding here today, 75 years later,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,telling you that\Nthe study still continues.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Every two years, our patient\Nand dedicated research staff
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,calls up our men\Nand asks them if we can send them
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,yet one more set of questions\Nabout their lives.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Many of the inner city Boston men ask us,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Why do you keep wanting to study me?\NMy life just isn't that interesting."
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Harvard men never ask that question.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To get the clearest picture\Nof these lives,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we don't just send them questionnaires.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We interview them in their living rooms.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We get their medical records\Nfrom their doctors.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We draw their blood, we scan their brains,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we talk to their children.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We videotape them talking with their wives\Nabout their deepest concerns.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And when, about a decade ago,\Nwe finally asked the wives
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if they would join us\Nas members of the study,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,many of the women said,\N"You know, it's about time."
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what have we learned?
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What are the lessons that come\Nfrom the tens of thousands of pages
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of information that we've generated
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on these lives?
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, the lessons aren't about wealth\Nor fame or working harder and harder.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The clearest message that we get\Nfrom this 75-year study is this:
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Good relationships keep us\Nhappier and healthier. Period.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've learned three big lessons\Nabout relationships.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The first is that social connections\Nare really good for us,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that loneliness kills.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It turns out that people\Nwho are more socially connected
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to family, to friends, to community,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are happier, they're physically healthier,\Nand they live longer
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than people who are less well connected.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the experience of loneliness\Nturns out to be toxic.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,People who are more isolated\Nthan they want to be from others
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,find that they are less happy,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their health declines earlier in midlife,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their brain functioning declines sooner
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they live shorter lives\Nthan people who are not lonely.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the sad fact\Nis that at any given time,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more than one in five Americans\Nwill report that they're lonely.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we know that you\Ncan be lonely in a crowd
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you can be lonely in a marriage,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so the second big lesson that we learned
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that it's not just\Nthe number of friends you have,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it's not whether or not\Nyou're in a committed relationship,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it's the quality\Nof your close relationships that matters.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It turns out that living in the midst\Nof conflict is really bad for our health.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,High-conflict marriages, for example,\Nwithout much affection,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,turn out to be very bad for our health,\Nperhaps worse than getting divorced.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And living in the midst of good,\Nwarm relationships is protective.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Once we had followed our men\Nall the way into their 80s,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we wanted to look back at them at midlife
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and to see if we could predict
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who was going to grow\Ninto a happy, healthy octogenarian
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and who wasn't.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And when we gathered together\Neverything we knew about them
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at age 50,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it wasn't their middle age\Ncholesterol levels
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that predicted how they\Nwere going to grow old
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was how satisfied they were\Nin their relationships.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The people who were the most satisfied\Nin their relationships at age 50
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were the healthiest at age 80.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And good, close relationships\Nseem to buffer us
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from some of the slings and arrows\Nof getting old.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our most happily partnered men and women
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,reported, in their 80s,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that on the days\Nwhen they had more physical pain,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their mood stayed just as happy.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the people who were\Nin unhappy relationships,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the days when they\Nreported more physical pain,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was magnified by more emotional pain.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the third big lesson that we learned\Nabout relationships and our health
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that good relationships\Ndon't just protect our bodies,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they protect our brains.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It turns out that being\Nin a securely attached relationship
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to another person in your 80s\Nis protective,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the people who are in relationships
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where they really feel they can count\Non the other person in times of need,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,those people's memories\Nstay sharper longer.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the people in relationships
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where they feel they really\Ncan't count on the other one,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,those are the people who experience\Nearlier memory decline.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And those good relationships,\Nthey don't have to be smooth all the time.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Some of our octogenarian couples\Ncould bicker with each other
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,day in and day out,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but as long as they felt that they\Ncould really count on the other
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when the going got tough,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,those arguments didn't take a toll\Non their memories.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this message,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that good, close relationships\Nare good for our health and well-being,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,\Nthis is wisdom that's as old as the hills.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's your grandmother's advice,\Nand your pastor's
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why is this so hard to get?