1 00:00:08,616 --> 00:00:13,359 Forget about "good as gold". Today it's going to get evil. 2 00:00:13,796 --> 00:00:15,702 But who or what is evil at all? 3 00:00:15,969 --> 00:00:17,044 The devil? 4 00:00:17,044 --> 00:00:18,120 The Illuminati? 5 00:00:18,569 --> 00:00:19,679 The mother in law? 6 00:00:20,445 --> 00:00:23,832 Usually evil stands for morally wrong decisions, 7 00:00:23,832 --> 00:00:26,296 an basic power which influences the history of the world 8 00:00:26,296 --> 00:00:27,921 and which is the opponent of good. 9 00:00:27,921 --> 00:00:30,395 That means, where light is, is also a shadow. 10 00:00:30,590 --> 00:00:34,041 Obviously! God against the devil, the West against the terrorists, 11 00:00:34,065 --> 00:00:35,847 Aspirin against headache ... 12 00:00:35,847 --> 00:00:38,337 however back to the individual human being. 13 00:00:38,546 --> 00:00:43,749 But who defines “morally wrong”? 14 00:00:43,892 --> 00:00:47,830 Depending on the ethic position there are significant differences within the definition. 15 00:00:47,830 --> 00:00:51,452 According to the critic of the Bible Benedict de Spinoza, evil is all 16 00:00:51,452 --> 00:00:54,553 That blocks the self-assertion of every individual. 17 00:00:54,553 --> 00:00:55,983 So, it´s a force from outside, 18 00:00:55,983 --> 00:00:59,020 that prevents us humans from developing freely. 19 00:00:59,239 --> 00:01:02,786 For Kant, evil is an essential part of human nature, 20 00:01:02,786 --> 00:01:05,511 since humans are not only equipped with reason, 21 00:01:05,511 --> 00:01:08,777 but also with "empirical", entirely worldly needs. 22 00:01:08,777 --> 00:01:10,602 The inclination to the "dark side"- 23 00:01:10,815 --> 00:01:13,302 so it has always been in us? 24 00:01:13,404 --> 00:01:15,883 His fellow Enlightenment thinker Rousseau sees things differently. 25 00:01:15,883 --> 00:01:16,883 For him, humans are born good. 26 00:01:16,883 --> 00:01:19,417 Only living in the community (is what) poisons us, makes us evil. 27 00:01:19,417 --> 00:01:23,103 Are we born evil, or does society make us evil? 28 00:01:23,571 --> 00:01:27,131 Nietzsche threw all of this overboard, 29 00:01:27,203 --> 00:01:29,285 declared "good" to be "bad" 30 00:01:29,285 --> 00:01:31,069 and "evil" simply to be a construct of Christian "slave morality.” 31 00:01:31,069 --> 00:01:35,166 32 00:01:35,405 --> 00:01:39,193 33 00:01:39,193 --> 00:01:41,429 34 00:01:41,429 --> 00:01:43,406 35 00:01:43,570 --> 00:01:46,733 36 00:01:46,963 --> 00:01:49,116 37 00:01:49,447 --> 00:01:52,185 38 00:01:52,623 --> 00:01:56,471 39 00:01:56,471 --> 00:01:59,584 40 00:01:59,812 --> 00:02:03,901 41 00:02:03,901 --> 00:02:06,929 42 00:02:07,236 --> 00:02:09,847 43 00:02:09,847 --> 00:02:12,305 44 00:02:12,474 --> 00:02:14,719 45 00:02:15,155 --> 00:02:17,436 46 00:02:17,469 --> 00:02:19,798 47 00:02:19,848 --> 00:02:22,053 48 00:02:22,257 --> 00:02:24,922 49 00:02:24,922 --> 00:02:27,936 50 00:02:28,369 --> 00:02:31,448 51 00:02:31,448 --> 00:02:34,942 52 00:02:34,942 --> 00:02:38,603 53 00:02:38,758 --> 00:02:41,887 54 00:02:42,040 --> 00:02:45,789 55 00:02:45,789 --> 00:02:48,480 56 00:02:48,670 --> 00:02:51,787 57 00:02:51,799 --> 00:02:54,236 58 00:02:54,236 --> 00:02:56,619 59 00:02:56,910 --> 00:02:59,809 60 00:03:00,097 --> 00:03:03,525