WEBVTT

00:00:00.840 --> 00:00:04.740
In de laatste video hebben we het gehad

00:00:04.740 --> 00:00:10.220
over dat elk atoom 8 elektronen

00:00:10.220 --> 00:00:15.700
in de buitenste schil wil hebben.

00:00:15.700 --> 00:00:21.180
Dit is de stabielste configuratie die een

00:00:21.180 --> 00:00:24.420
atoom kan hebben. Door gedrag van stoffen

00:00:24.420 --> 00:00:26.350
te observeren kunnen we afleiden welk

00:00:26.350 --> 00:00:28.820
gedrag bij de verschillende groepen in

00:00:28.820 --> 00:00:30.220
het periodiek systeem hoort.

00:00:30.220 --> 00:00:32.479
Een groep in het periodiek systeem (P.S.)

00:00:32.479 --> 00:00:35.960
is gewoon een kolom.

00:00:35.960 --> 00:00:39.160
Zoals bij deze groep waarmee ik begin

00:00:39.160 --> 00:00:41.860
omdat deze groep een speciale naam heeft,

00:00:41.860 --> 00:00:42.900
edelgassen.

00:00:42.900 --> 00:00:45.970
En wat zie je als je naar beneden gaat in

00:00:45.970 --> 00:00:50.100
een groep?

00:00:50.100 --> 00:00:52.700
Dus in een kolom?

00:00:52.700 --> 00:00:55.220
In de vorige video zag je dat elk element

00:00:55.220 --> 00:00:56.580
in een kolom evenveel valentie-

00:00:56.580 --> 00:00:58.000
elektronen heeft. Dus in de

00:00:58.000 --> 00:01:01.160
buitenste schil.

00:01:01.160 --> 00:01:05.830
En hoe zat dat?

00:01:05.830 --> 00:01:08.530
In de linkerkolom, de alkalimetalen, heeft

00:01:08.530 --> 00:01:10.830
elk atoom 1 elektron in de buitenste

00:01:10.830 --> 00:01:13.230
schil. Let op dat waterstof zich niet

00:01:13.230 --> 00:01:16.320
altijd als alkalimetaal gedraagt.

00:01:16.320 --> 00:01:17.490
Het is geen vaste stof.

00:01:17.490 --> 00:01:21.080
En het staat het elektron minder

00:01:21.080 --> 00:01:23.160
makkelijk af dan alkalimetalen.

NOTE Paragraph

00:01:23.160 --> 00:01:24.640
Dus als je het over metaal-

00:01:24.640 --> 00:01:26.460
eigenschappen hebt, gaat het over

00:01:26.460 --> 00:01:30.020
elektronen afstaan.

00:01:30.020 --> 00:01:32.610
We gaan het hebben over metaal-

00:01:32.610 --> 00:01:34.060
eigenschappen zoals glans en

00:01:34.060 --> 00:01:35.760
geleidingsvermogen en de plaats

00:01:35.760 --> 00:01:37.610
in het P.S.

00:01:37.610 --> 00:01:40.680
Terug naar het periodiek systeem.

00:01:40.680 --> 00:01:42.420
Deze kolom zijn de

00:01:51.130 --> 00:01:54.340
aardalkalimetalen.

00:01:54.340 --> 00:01:56.450
De aardalkalimetalen hebben 2 elektronen

00:01:56.450 --> 00:02:00.070
in de buitenste schil.

00:02:00.070 --> 00:02:01.130
Om van 2 elektronen

00:02:01.130 --> 00:02:03.570
naar 8 te gaan is lastig.

00:02:03.570 --> 00:02:05.850
Dan zouden er 6 elektronen

00:02:05.850 --> 00:02:07.340
moeten worden toegevoegd.

00:02:07.340 --> 00:02:09.090
En waar komen die elektronen

00:02:09.090 --> 00:02:10.860
vandaan? Wie gaat ze weggeven?

00:02:10.860 --> 00:02:12.980
De aardalkalimetalen zijn dichter bij 8

00:02:12.980 --> 00:02:15.350
elektronen door 2 elektronen weg te geven.

00:02:15.350 --> 00:02:19.120
Dus aan de linkerkant van het P.S. is

00:02:19.120 --> 00:02:22.150
afstaan van elektronen makkelijker.

00:02:22.150 --> 00:02:24.980
Als je maar 1 elektron in je buitenste

00:02:24.980 --> 00:02:28.330
schil hebt, is het logisch dat je die

00:02:28.330 --> 00:02:30.440
wilt afstaan. En daarom komen deze

00:02:30.440 --> 00:02:32.900
elementen bijna nooit in ongeladen

00:02:32.900 --> 00:02:36.730
toestand voor.

00:02:36.730 --> 00:02:37.950
Met de ongeladen toestand

00:02:37.950 --> 00:02:40.610
bedoel ik zuiver lithium, natrium of

00:02:40.610 --> 00:02:42.530
kalium.

00:02:42.530 --> 00:02:44.470
Meestal hebben deze elementen

00:02:44.470 --> 00:02:46.520
al gereageerd.

00:02:46.520 --> 00:02:49.150
Elementen aan de linkerkant willen

00:02:49.150 --> 00:02:51.340
graag elektronen afstaan aan

00:02:51.340 --> 00:02:53.100
elementen aan de rechterkant.

00:02:53.100 --> 00:02:56.200
De meest linker kolom is

00:02:56.200 --> 00:02:59.160
zeer reactief.

00:02:59.160 --> 00:03:02.090
De aardalkalimetalen zijn minder reactief

00:03:02.090 --> 00:03:03.840
dan de alkalimetalen.

00:03:03.840 --> 00:03:06.210
Alkalimetalen hoeven maar 1 elektron af te

00:03:06.210 --> 00:03:12.420
staan om 8 elektronen te krijgen.

00:03:12.420 --> 00:03:14.670
Aardalkalimetalen moeten 2 elektronen

00:03:14.670 --> 00:03:16.820
afstaan, dus het is moeilijker

00:03:16.820 --> 00:03:19.485
om naar 8 elektronen te gaan.

00:03:19.485 --> 00:03:20.440
Alkalimetalen hebben 1 en

00:03:20.440 --> 00:03:23.140
aardalkalimetalen 2 elektronen om

00:03:23.140 --> 00:03:26.710
af te staan.

00:03:26.710 --> 00:03:31.410


00:03:31.410 --> 00:03:31.940


00:03:31.940 --> 00:03:34.920


00:03:34.920 --> 00:03:36.660


00:03:36.660 --> 00:03:41.300


00:03:41.300 --> 00:03:45.460


00:03:45.460 --> 00:03:48.560


00:03:48.560 --> 00:03:50.720


00:03:50.720 --> 00:03:52.950


00:03:52.950 --> 00:03:54.690


00:03:54.690 --> 00:03:57.400


00:03:57.400 --> 00:04:01.190


00:04:01.190 --> 00:04:06.320


00:04:06.320 --> 00:04:08.410


00:04:08.410 --> 00:04:11.810


00:04:11.810 --> 00:04:14.870


00:04:14.870 --> 00:04:19.649


00:04:19.649 --> 00:04:25.580


00:04:25.580 --> 00:04:29.890


00:04:29.890 --> 00:04:34.660


00:04:34.660 --> 00:04:36.420


00:04:36.420 --> 00:04:40.980


00:04:40.980 --> 00:04:43.740


00:04:43.740 --> 00:04:45.650


00:04:45.650 --> 00:04:47.930


00:04:47.930 --> 00:04:50.770


00:04:50.770 --> 00:04:55.010


00:04:55.010 --> 00:04:58.020


00:04:58.020 --> 00:05:00.380


00:05:00.380 --> 00:05:01.780


00:05:01.780 --> 00:05:03.680


00:05:03.680 --> 00:05:06.680


00:05:06.680 --> 00:05:09.260


00:05:09.260 --> 00:05:11.420


00:05:11.420 --> 00:05:13.520


00:05:13.520 --> 00:05:16.050


00:05:16.050 --> 00:05:18.690


00:05:18.690 --> 00:05:21.470


00:05:21.470 --> 00:05:24.110


00:05:24.110 --> 00:05:27.960


00:05:27.960 --> 00:05:31.940


00:05:31.940 --> 00:05:35.370


00:05:35.370 --> 00:05:37.660


00:05:37.660 --> 00:05:39.820


00:05:39.820 --> 00:05:41.450


00:05:41.450 --> 00:05:45.700


00:05:45.700 --> 00:05:47.500


00:05:47.500 --> 00:05:47.810


00:05:47.810 --> 00:05:49.640


00:05:49.640 --> 00:05:51.840


00:05:51.840 --> 00:05:54.550


00:05:54.550 --> 00:05:58.525


00:05:58.525 --> 00:05:59.470


00:05:59.470 --> 00:06:02.840


00:06:02.840 --> 00:06:04.040


00:06:04.040 --> 00:06:06.600


00:06:06.600 --> 00:06:09.170


00:06:09.170 --> 00:06:10.430


00:06:10.430 --> 00:06:12.750


00:06:12.750 --> 00:06:20.090


00:06:20.090 --> 00:06:22.620


00:06:22.620 --> 00:06:24.270


00:06:24.270 --> 00:06:24.950


00:06:24.950 --> 00:06:30.030


00:06:30.030 --> 00:06:31.405


00:06:31.405 --> 00:06:33.470


00:06:33.470 --> 00:06:35.410


00:06:35.410 --> 00:06:38.320


00:06:38.320 --> 00:06:41.320


00:06:41.320 --> 00:06:45.460


00:06:45.460 --> 00:06:46.330


00:06:46.330 --> 00:06:48.480


00:06:48.480 --> 00:06:48.980


00:06:48.980 --> 00:06:53.650


00:06:53.650 --> 00:06:57.240


00:06:57.240 --> 00:07:01.440


00:07:01.440 --> 00:07:04.300


00:07:04.300 --> 00:07:06.140


00:07:06.140 --> 00:07:09.340


00:07:09.340 --> 00:07:11.010


00:07:11.010 --> 00:07:12.890


00:07:12.890 --> 00:07:16.140


00:07:16.140 --> 00:07:18.960


00:07:18.960 --> 00:07:20.910


00:07:20.910 --> 00:07:21.970


00:07:21.970 --> 00:07:24.120


00:07:24.120 --> 00:07:26.000


00:07:26.000 --> 00:07:28.100


00:07:28.100 --> 00:07:29.100


00:07:29.100 --> 00:07:32.370


00:07:32.370 --> 00:07:33.870


00:07:33.870 --> 00:07:35.940


00:07:35.940 --> 00:07:37.960


00:07:37.960 --> 00:07:40.600


00:07:40.600 --> 00:07:41.390


00:07:41.390 --> 00:07:44.460


00:07:44.460 --> 00:07:45.610


00:07:45.610 --> 00:07:49.020


00:07:49.020 --> 00:07:51.270


00:07:51.270 --> 00:07:54.120


00:07:54.120 --> 00:07:55.230


00:07:55.230 --> 00:07:58.140


00:07:58.140 --> 00:08:00.370


00:08:00.370 --> 00:08:01.880


00:08:01.880 --> 00:08:04.700


00:08:04.700 --> 00:08:07.280


00:08:07.280 --> 00:08:09.220


00:08:09.220 --> 00:08:13.720


00:08:13.720 --> 00:08:16.680


00:08:16.680 --> 00:08:18.150


00:08:18.150 --> 00:08:21.420


00:08:21.420 --> 00:08:25.990


00:08:25.990 --> 00:08:27.910


00:08:27.910 --> 00:08:31.180


00:08:31.180 --> 00:08:32.820


00:08:32.820 --> 00:08:35.090


00:08:35.090 --> 00:08:37.470


00:08:37.470 --> 00:08:39.340


00:08:39.340 --> 00:08:43.230


00:08:43.230 --> 00:08:45.480


00:08:45.480 --> 00:08:46.650


00:08:46.650 --> 00:08:50.730


00:08:50.730 --> 00:08:52.120


00:08:52.120 --> 00:08:53.690


00:08:53.690 --> 00:09:00.490


00:09:00.490 --> 00:09:03.030


00:09:03.030 --> 00:09:05.150


00:09:05.150 --> 00:09:08.510


00:09:08.510 --> 00:09:10.470


00:09:10.470 --> 00:09:11.820


00:09:11.820 --> 00:09:15.290


00:09:15.290 --> 00:09:16.840


00:09:16.840 --> 00:09:20.270


00:09:20.270 --> 00:09:23.070


00:09:23.070 --> 00:09:25.440


00:09:25.440 --> 00:09:27.960


00:09:27.960 --> 00:09:32.260


00:09:32.260 --> 00:09:32.600


00:09:32.600 --> 00:09:34.560


00:09:34.560 --> 00:09:36.330


00:09:36.330 --> 00:09:38.820


00:09:38.820 --> 00:09:43.720


00:09:43.720 --> 00:09:46.030


00:09:46.030 --> 00:09:48.620


00:09:48.620 --> 00:09:49.870


00:09:54.980 --> 00:09:57.930


00:09:57.930 --> 00:10:00.070


00:10:00.070 --> 00:10:02.560


00:10:02.560 --> 00:10:05.260


00:10:05.260 --> 00:10:07.760


00:10:07.760 --> 00:10:10.000


00:10:10.000 --> 00:10:11.540


00:10:11.540 --> 00:10:12.220


00:10:12.220 --> 00:10:13.850


00:10:13.850 --> 00:10:19.010


00:10:19.010 --> 00:10:21.250


00:10:21.250 --> 00:10:22.290


00:10:22.290 --> 00:10:24.040


00:10:24.040 --> 00:10:28.050


00:10:28.050 --> 00:10:30.510


00:10:30.510 --> 00:10:31.370


00:10:31.370 --> 00:10:32.960


00:10:32.960 --> 00:10:38.010


00:10:38.010 --> 00:10:41.050


00:10:41.050 --> 00:10:43.000


00:10:43.000 --> 00:10:45.750


00:10:45.750 --> 00:10:47.840


00:10:47.840 --> 00:10:50.070


00:10:50.070 --> 00:10:51.000


00:10:51.000 --> 00:10:52.680


00:10:52.680 --> 00:10:54.700


00:10:54.700 --> 00:10:57.720


00:10:57.720 --> 00:10:58.960


00:10:58.960 --> 00:11:00.850


00:11:00.850 --> 00:11:06.130


00:11:06.130 --> 00:11:08.460


00:11:08.460 --> 00:11:11.550


00:11:11.550 --> 00:11:17.150


00:11:17.150 --> 00:11:19.290


00:11:19.290 --> 00:11:22.380


00:11:22.380 --> 00:11:24.560


00:11:24.560 --> 00:11:29.630


00:11:29.630 --> 00:11:33.930


00:11:33.930 --> 00:11:36.840


00:11:36.840 --> 00:11:41.150


00:11:41.150 --> 00:11:42.790


00:11:42.790 --> 00:11:45.300


00:11:45.300 --> 00:11:47.780


00:11:47.780 --> 00:11:50.820