[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:09.54,0:00:12.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Can you imagine a party\Nwhere every movement,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:12.28,0:00:15.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the slightest gesture\Nto walking across the room,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.54,0:00:17.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and every visual detail,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:17.21,0:00:19.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from furniture to hemline length,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:19.53,0:00:24.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were governed by a complex system\Nof rules and procedures?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.38,0:00:28.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For centuries, such rituals\Nwere commonplace for European nobility.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.77,0:00:30.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And while they've gone out of fashion,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.63,0:00:34.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we recognize the components\Nunder a familiar label:
Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.40,0:00:36.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ballet.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.100,0:00:40.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ballet, from Italian "balletto,"\Nor little dance,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.19,0:00:44.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,originated in Renaissance Italy\Nas a combination of social dance
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.60,0:00:49.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and choreographed display\Nat aristocratic gatherings.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:49.56,0:00:53.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In many aspects, it was a way\Nof controlling people in court
Dialogue: 0,0:00:53.35,0:00:55.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with acceptable forms of behavior,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.76,0:01:00.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,such as the manner in which people\Nstepped, bowed, or took someone's hand.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.66,0:01:03.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It also involved rules governing\Neverything from attire
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.78,0:01:08.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to where one could walk or sit\Nin relation to the King.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.16,0:01:13.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Over time, the study of ballet became\Na central element of court life,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:13.09,0:01:19.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and proper grasp of the etiquette could\Nmake or break one's success as a courtier.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.33,0:01:24.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Many of these court gestures can still\Nbe seen in modern ballet techniques.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.54,0:01:27.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ballet was brought to France\Nin the 16th century
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.50,0:01:29.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by Catherine de' Medici,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.50,0:01:32.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Italian wife of King Henry II.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:32.49,0:01:36.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As celebrations became more lavish,\Nso did the dance,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.16,0:01:39.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with dancing masters teaching\Nelaborate steps to young nobles
Dialogue: 0,0:01:39.87,0:01:44.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and story elements providing\Na unifying theme.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.72,0:01:47.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The focus shifted from participation\Nto performance,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:47.75,0:01:51.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the form acquired \Nmore theatrical trappings,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.03,0:01:53.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,such as professionally designed sets
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.06,0:01:58.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a slightly raised platform or stage\Nwith curtains and wings.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:58.79,0:02:02.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it was in the 17th century court\Nof Louis XIV
Dialogue: 0,0:02:02.81,0:02:07.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that ballet was refined into the art\Nwe know today.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.13,0:02:10.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Louis himself had been trained\Nin ballet from childhood.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:10.54,0:02:14.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,His early role as the sun god\NApollo at age fifteen
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.31,0:02:18.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cemented the central role ballet\Nwould play during his reign.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.84,0:02:21.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It also earned him the title\Nof Sun King,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:21.26,0:02:24.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with his splendid golden costume\Nand choreography
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.47,0:02:29.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that promoted the idea of the king\Nas a divinely ordained ruler.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:29.34,0:02:33.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Louis would go on to perform\N80 roles in 40 major ballets,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.52,0:02:35.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,either as a majestic lead,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.38,0:02:37.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or sometimes playing minor \Nor comedic parts
Dialogue: 0,0:02:37.96,0:02:41.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,before emerging in the lead role\Nas the end.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.50,0:02:43.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He trained daily in ballet,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:43.33,0:02:44.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as well as fencing and riding,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.95,0:02:46.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and through his example,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:46.11,0:02:51.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dancing became an essential skill\Nfor all gentlemen of the era.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:51.06,0:02:55.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But Louis XIV's main contribution \Nto ballet was not as a performer.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.53,0:02:59.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,His founding of \Nthe Royal Academy of Dance in 1661
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.94,0:03:04.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,shifted control of ballet\Nfrom local guilds to the royal court.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.93,0:03:06.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As director,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.23,0:03:10.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he appointed his personal ballet master \Nand frequent performance partner
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.21,0:03:12.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pierre Beauchamp,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.02,0:03:16.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who codified the five main positions \Nof the body still used today.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.55,0:03:20.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Through is collaborations\Nwith Jean-Baptiste Lully,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:20.20,0:03:22.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the director of the Royal Music Academy,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:22.47,0:03:24.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and famed playwright Molière,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.51,0:03:28.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Beauchamp helped establish ballet\Nas a grand spectacle.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:28.40,0:03:32.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in 1669, a separate ballet academy\Nwas founded.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.59,0:03:39.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Paris Opera Ballet survives today\Nas the oldest ballet company in the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:39.80,0:03:42.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ballet moved away from the royal court\Nto the theater
Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.99,0:03:46.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and survived the democratic revolutions\Nand reforms
Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.30,0:03:49.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that followed over the next century.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:49.03,0:03:51.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,With the advent of the romantic movement,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:51.12,0:03:55.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fantasy and folklore themes \Nbecame common motifs.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.37,0:03:58.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And though the influence of ballet\Nin France would decline,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:58.30,0:04:00.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,other countries, such as Russia,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:00.14,0:04:03.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would play a major role \Nin its further development.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.23,0:04:07.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Fortunately, today most of us don't\Nhave to learn a complicated set of steps
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.58,0:04:09.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just to socialize at a wedding.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.76,0:04:13.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Instead, we can go to the theater\Nto see professionals
Dialogue: 0,0:04:13.13,0:04:15.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who spend their lives training rigorously
Dialogue: 0,0:04:15.59,0:04:20.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to perform feats that would have been\Nunimagineable in Louis XIV's day.