[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:08.27,0:00:12.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, I've been thinking about thinking\Nfor well over 20 years,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:12.49,0:00:16.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I think I have more questions\Nthan I do answers.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:16.25,0:00:19.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, I'd like to share\Nsome of those questions with you today.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:19.23,0:00:22.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On my journey,\NI've been doing a lot of research
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.91,0:00:27.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in 2009, I ran across this report\Nthat just really caught my attention.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.71,0:00:33.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In this report - it's from the company\Ncalled the Millennium Project -
Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.04,0:00:35.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this organization consists
Dialogue: 0,0:00:35.82,0:00:40.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of well over 500 scientists, researchers,\Nacademics, and business people
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.27,0:00:42.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from over 50 different countries.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:42.82,0:00:45.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This report is called\Nthe State of the Future Report,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:45.43,0:00:49.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they outlined\Nthe 15 global challenges facing humanity.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:49.71,0:00:51.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the things you would expect to see:
Dialogue: 0,0:00:51.52,0:00:55.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,clean water, population growth,\Nenergy were all on the list.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.58,0:01:00.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was number 9 that caught my attention.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.29,0:01:04.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Number 9: the capacity to decide.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.48,0:01:05.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In other words,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.70,0:01:10.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,decision-making made it on a list\Nof the global challenges facing humanity.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.08,0:01:13.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why is this the case?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:13.48,0:01:16.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why is decision-making\Nbecoming more challenging,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:16.24,0:01:20.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with all the information, technology,\Nand tools that we have available to us?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:20.24,0:01:23.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why is decision making on this list?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.30,0:01:27.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, about 10 years ago,\Nwe created this model.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.50,0:01:28.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's very simple,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:28.93,0:01:30.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I think it does a good job
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.40,0:01:34.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in explaining both the problem\Nas well as the opportunity.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:34.32,0:01:39.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What we're finding is that most training\Nteaches people what to think,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:39.41,0:01:42.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that is, it gives them the processes,\Nthe procedures, the methodologies,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.79,0:01:45.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the information they need\Nto perform a task.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.69,0:01:50.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is very important,\Nbecause we all need a solid foundation.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:50.60,0:01:53.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,However, what to think\Nis a lot like fast food:
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.72,0:01:56.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's convenient, it's fast,\Nit's prepackaged,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:56.89,0:01:59.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and oftentimes, it's overly processed
Dialogue: 0,0:01:59.81,0:02:02.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the form of regurgitated\Nideas and opinions
Dialogue: 0,0:02:02.48,0:02:06.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that do very little to contribute\Nto our deeper understanding of the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.93,0:02:12.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mass media understands this,\Npoliticians certainly understand this,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.50,0:02:14.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I believe schools know this.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.90,0:02:16.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Take for example news.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.87,0:02:20.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They repeat the same message over\Nand over and over until we believe it.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:20.69,0:02:24.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Politicians craft 4 or 5 bullet points\Nand repeat those over and over.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.60,0:02:27.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Schools: they package content,\Nchunk it, and sequence it,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.77,0:02:31.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they give us a test\Nto see if we could remember any of it.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.46,0:02:33.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This begs the question then:
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.90,0:02:36.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,why are we surprised when we find people
Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.31,0:02:41.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that are not as creative, innovative,\Nand passionate as they could be?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:43.44,0:02:46.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is where the opportunity comes in.\NWe have to shift our thinking.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:46.94,0:02:49.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is, in addition\Nto teaching people what to think,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.95,0:02:52.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we also need to educate them\Non how to think.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:52.94,0:02:55.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, for example,\Nif I teach you what to think,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.37,0:02:58.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can take what you've learned\Nand apply it to a similar situation.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:58.96,0:03:01.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,However, if you learn how to think,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:01.25,0:03:05.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can take what you've learned\Nand adapt it to multiple situations.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.26,0:03:06.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In other words,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.28,0:03:08.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how to think is learning how to learn,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.47,0:03:12.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or as we like to say, it's to learn,\Nunlearn, and relearn quickly.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.75,0:03:18.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My mission is to help schools\Nas well as corporations
Dialogue: 0,0:03:18.91,0:03:22.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,find the optimal balance\Nbetween what and how,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:22.16,0:03:24.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I've done this\Nby focusing really on two areas:
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.72,0:03:27.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cognitive neuroscience\Nand computer science.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.41,0:03:31.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In cognitive neuroscience,\Nwhat I'm looking for is how do we learn,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:31.28,0:03:34.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that is, how do we create\Nnew neural pathways
Dialogue: 0,0:03:34.05,0:03:35.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and looking at the impacts
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.81,0:03:40.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that bias, communication, education\Nhas on learning and memory.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:40.71,0:03:43.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,From a computer science point of view,\Nlooking for new technologies
Dialogue: 0,0:03:43.88,0:03:46.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that not only allow us\Nto study decision-making
Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.53,0:03:50.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but allow us to create an environment\Nthat we can put people in
Dialogue: 0,0:03:50.12,0:03:52.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so they can learn how to think.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.29,0:03:54.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've done this
Dialogue: 0,0:03:54.33,0:03:57.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by creating highly advanced\Ncomputer-based simulations.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.75,0:03:59.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Using these simulations,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.38,0:04:03.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we can challenged participants\Nto make decisions and solve problems
Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.45,0:04:08.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that are similar to the ones\Nthat they face in their own organization.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:08.14,0:04:12.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So not only do they learn how to think\Nabout their own organization,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:12.02,0:04:14.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but we can capture\Nsignificant amount of data
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.42,0:04:17.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so we can assess their thinking over time.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:17.100,0:04:20.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is what we found.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:23.28,0:04:27.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When people have a lot of training,\Nthat is, a lot what-to-think training,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.37,0:04:30.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they're placed in these simulations,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:31.46,0:04:36.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they're confronting the problems\Nthat they face in the real world,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:36.47,0:04:39.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,most participants resorted to guessing,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.49,0:04:45.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that is, when we gave them\Nmore data, tools, checklists, choices,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:45.62,0:04:50.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their decision-making did not improve;\Nif anything, it got worse.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:51.25,0:04:54.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, realizing that many of the challenges\Nthat people face today
Dialogue: 0,0:04:54.74,0:04:56.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are too big for just one person,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:57.50,0:05:00.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we shifted our focus\Nto looking at team performance.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:00.73,0:05:02.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, here is our line of thinking.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:02.96,0:05:05.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We thought if we can improve\Nteam performance,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.33,0:05:08.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how people collaborate,\Nhow they solve problems together,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.28,0:05:12.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we can then improve their overall thinking\Nand hopefully, their decision-making.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:13.41,0:05:14.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let me give you an example.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:14.75,0:05:17.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's say we are all part\Nof the big organization
Dialogue: 0,0:05:17.22,0:05:18.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a few of us have been tasked
Dialogue: 0,0:05:18.87,0:05:22.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with growing a certain division\Nof that organization.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:22.19,0:05:24.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we get together,\Nand I get together with you,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:24.46,0:05:26.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I say, "Hey,\Nwhat does growth mean to you?"
Dialogue: 0,0:05:26.72,0:05:31.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And you say, "Well,\Nit's about profitability and revenue."
Dialogue: 0,0:05:31.56,0:05:34.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I go to someone else,\N"What does growth mean to you?"
Dialogue: 0,0:05:34.07,0:05:37.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You might say,\N"It is about people and engagement."
Dialogue: 0,0:05:37.49,0:05:39.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And another person may say,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:39.08,0:05:42.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Well, it's actually\Nabout market share and price."
Dialogue: 0,0:05:42.96,0:05:44.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All of these are valid.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:44.54,0:05:47.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're excited to be part\Nof something new, a new initiative,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:47.41,0:05:49.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,doing something important\Nfor the organization,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:49.62,0:05:51.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so we get out there and make a promise
Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.49,0:05:55.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we're going to grow this division\Nby x percent over this period in time.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:55.01,0:05:57.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then we get back together,\Nroll up our sleeves
Dialogue: 0,0:05:57.16,0:06:00.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and start putting our plans together,\Nand that's when it hits us.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:01.66,0:06:03.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The realization that we all have
Dialogue: 0,0:06:03.34,0:06:07.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a very different perspective\Nof what growth means.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:07.36,0:06:10.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When that happens, conflict happens.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:10.30,0:06:12.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've all felt this.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:12.32,0:06:14.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I could easily switch\Nthe word growth with community.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:15.00,0:06:17.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We all have different\Nperspectives on community.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.31,0:06:20.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Politics. Wow, lots of perspectives there.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:20.55,0:06:22.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Family, relationships.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:22.72,0:06:26.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Actually, I think that there's lenses\Nthat they call Mars and Venus there.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:27.68,0:06:33.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So realizing that when we feel conflict,\Nbecause we have different perspectives,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:33.46,0:06:35.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can be demoralizing.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:35.58,0:06:38.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It can drain our energy\Nand erode our passion.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:39.100,0:06:42.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, after about five years,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:42.73,0:06:45.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we honestly felt like boiling the ocean,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:45.13,0:06:47.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,trying to find skills\Nthat improve team performance.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:47.81,0:06:49.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We tried everything.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:49.18,0:06:52.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We tried teaching people\Nconflict resolution, coaching, mentoring,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:52.74,0:06:55.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we gave them\Nchecklists, and processes, and tools.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:55.87,0:06:57.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Bottom-line: none of these created
Dialogue: 0,0:06:57.78,0:07:01.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the sustainable improvement\Nthat we were looking for.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:02.81,0:07:05.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When we were looking\Nfor that improvement,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:05.06,0:07:06.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we decided to step back
Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.73,0:07:11.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and ask a different question:\Nwhat do top performers do?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:13.43,0:07:18.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Finally, we found one skill\Nthat was common to all top performers.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:20.02,0:07:24.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They developed ability\Nto ask good questions.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:24.10,0:07:25.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I know that sounds simple,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:25.88,0:07:28.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but what they asked\Nand how they asked was very different.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:28.76,0:07:32.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For example, many of them were able\Nto suspend their judgment just long enough
Dialogue: 0,0:07:32.46,0:07:34.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to understand someone else's perspective,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:34.75,0:07:38.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in doing so, they were able\Nto reduce the conflict,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:38.44,0:07:41.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,develop a common language,\Nand create a shared vision.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:41.81,0:07:45.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As the situation evolved,\Nso did their thinking.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:47.24,0:07:51.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I know we all ask a lot of questions,\Nand that's a really good thing;
Dialogue: 0,0:07:51.23,0:07:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we want people to be asking\Nlots and lots of questions.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:55.00,0:07:58.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But what we found, however,\Nis that most questions are safe,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:59.75,0:08:04.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that is, they surface\Nwhat is already seen or understood,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:04.49,0:08:07.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they lead to regurgitated\Nideas and opinions.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:07.47,0:08:08.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In other words,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:08.94,0:08:14.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,most questions that people ask\Nreally surface what is already known.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:15.25,0:08:18.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Top performers, however,\Nask questions that go deep.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:18.13,0:08:19.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They ask questions that move us
Dialogue: 0,0:08:19.80,0:08:22.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from automatic and reactionary thinking\Nto deep thinking,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:22.92,0:08:23.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they ask questions
Dialogue: 0,0:08:23.93,0:08:27.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that inspire creativity, fuel passion,\Nand lead to profound ideas,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:28.94,0:08:33.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and most importantly, they ask questions\Nthat spur people into action.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:33.03,0:08:37.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In other words, they ask questions\Nthat demystify the unknown,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:38.76,0:08:42.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in doing so,\Nopen up an ocean of possibilities.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:45.97,0:08:49.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our brain is an amazing\Nsearchable data base,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:49.18,0:08:52.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,linking emotions, memories, events,\Nand experiences together
Dialogue: 0,0:08:52.73,0:08:56.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to form answers to our endless questions.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:56.78,0:09:02.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The success of a good answer, however,\Nrelies on the words we choose.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:02.23,0:09:05.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our words have amazing power on our brain.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:06.06,0:09:09.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How we use words in framing our questions
Dialogue: 0,0:09:09.24,0:09:12.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is what differentiates\Na good question from a bad question.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:12.93,0:09:14.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let me give you an example.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:14.90,0:09:16.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When we saw people\Nput into the simulation,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:16.98,0:09:19.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or confronted with these challenges,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:19.13,0:09:21.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they started to make decisions.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:21.33,0:09:24.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The teams that were struggling would ask,\N"What should we do?"
Dialogue: 0,0:09:24.27,0:09:28.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it was almost as though the options\Nin front of them were just narrowed down.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:28.60,0:09:31.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They became very short-term focused,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:31.33,0:09:34.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whereas the other teams would ask,\N"What could we do?"
Dialogue: 0,0:09:34.76,0:09:38.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it was like the ocean\Nof possibilities opened up to them.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:38.24,0:09:41.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The same is true for the types\Nof questions we ask ourselves.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:41.66,0:09:44.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For example, if I ask,\N"Why do I always procrastinate?",
Dialogue: 0,0:09:44.31,0:09:46.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,my brain will surely tell me\Nthat's because I'm lazy,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:46.92,0:09:50.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because I have too much to do,\NI don't know where to get started.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:50.51,0:09:52.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,However, if I slightly reframe that
Dialogue: 0,0:09:52.50,0:09:55.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and say, "How am I going\Nto get this done?",
Dialogue: 0,0:09:55.22,0:09:57.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,my brain will surely find a better answer.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:58.73,0:10:03.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I know if I was sitting out\Nin where you are right now,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:03.07,0:10:04.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I would say, "So what?"
Dialogue: 0,0:10:04.69,0:10:07.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's got to be a lot more to this\Nthan just framing questions.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:07.96,0:10:09.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, there is.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:10.04,0:10:13.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I believe that, since we've been taught\Nwhat to think for so long,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:15.25,0:10:19.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the very idea of asking a question\Nthat triggers deep thinking
Dialogue: 0,0:10:19.76,0:10:22.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,provokes so many different emotions.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:22.46,0:10:26.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It creates uncertainty,\Nfear, anxiety, stress.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:26.25,0:10:30.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These are all very real\Nbiological reactions to questions
Dialogue: 0,0:10:30.83,0:10:33.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and from the neuroscience perspective,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:33.12,0:10:36.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,too much of any of these\Ncan impair our learning,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:36.22,0:10:40.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,our ability to connect, to listen\Nand be present with one another.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:40.54,0:10:42.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, what we found
Dialogue: 0,0:10:42.94,0:10:48.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that the individuals\Nwho would embrace these emotions,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:48.84,0:10:53.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that is, understand that these are\Njust part of the natural process,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:54.51,0:10:58.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and asking good questions\Nand allowing questions to do their work,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:58.58,0:11:01.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then questions can really start\Nto make a difference.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:01.62,0:11:05.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So a good question will expose our bias.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:05.48,0:11:08.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A good question will surface our beliefs
Dialogue: 0,0:11:08.80,0:11:11.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and oftentimes, questions will expose
Dialogue: 0,0:11:11.02,0:11:14.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we may not know something\Nas well as we think we do.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:15.41,0:11:17.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These are good things to have happened
Dialogue: 0,0:11:17.53,0:11:20.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because when this happens,\Nlearning can take place.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:20.77,0:11:23.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is when people can come connected.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:23.49,0:11:28.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is when they can create relatedness,\Nunderstand, and believe in one another.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:28.41,0:11:32.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is when people can work together\Nto adapt their thinking.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:33.20,0:11:39.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So now, the good news is that I've seen\Nkids, parents, coaches, business people,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:40.26,0:11:44.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and even politicians break through\Nthese emotional and mental barriers
Dialogue: 0,0:11:44.26,0:11:47.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and learn to become confident\Nin asking good questions.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:49.98,0:11:52.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are a lot of challenges\Nin this world.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:53.52,0:11:55.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We all have them,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:55.18,0:11:59.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whether they are in our business,\Nin our cities, in our schools,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:59.33,0:12:01.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in our families, in our relationships.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:01.32,0:12:03.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We all have them.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:03.27,0:12:05.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We all have a very different lens
Dialogue: 0,0:12:05.08,0:12:08.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on what these challenges are\Nand how to address them.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:08.17,0:12:11.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this is a really good thing\Nbecause I believe
Dialogue: 0,0:12:11.10,0:12:14.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that most of these problems\Nare too big for one person,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:14.73,0:12:16.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we really need each other.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:17.75,0:12:19.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What if?
Dialogue: 0,0:12:19.38,0:12:22.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What if you learned\Nhow to ask good questions every day?
Dialogue: 0,0:12:23.62,0:12:26.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What if tomorrow,\Nwhen you went to meet with somebody,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:26.93,0:12:30.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you seek to understand them,\Ninstead of trying to be understood?
Dialogue: 0,0:12:30.73,0:12:35.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What if before every important meeting\Nyou took time to write down questions
Dialogue: 0,0:12:35.99,0:12:39.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that would move the conversation\Nfrom the known to the unknown?
Dialogue: 0,0:12:40.78,0:12:43.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What if executives led by questions,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:43.25,0:12:46.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not by questioning but asking questions\Nthat inspired others
Dialogue: 0,0:12:46.55,0:12:49.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to think about what they could do\Nnot what they should do?
Dialogue: 0,0:12:50.51,0:12:55.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What if churches, synagogues, mosques\Nasked, "How ought we to live?"
Dialogue: 0,0:12:55.21,0:12:58.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,instead of focusing\Non what others don't do.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:59.20,0:13:04.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What if parents asked their kids,\N"What great question did you ask today?"
Dialogue: 0,0:13:04.86,0:13:07.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,instead of asking,\N"What did you learn today?"
Dialogue: 0,0:13:08.44,0:13:11.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,With questions,\Nyou get what you asked for,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:11.78,0:13:17.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in era in which computers\Nare getting better at answering questions,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:17.29,0:13:21.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we need people who are getting better\Nat asking questions.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:21.32,0:13:22.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:22.61,0:13:23.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)