[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.92,0:00:02.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我好高興可以喺度
Dialogue: 0,0:00:03.02,0:00:04.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我都好高興你哋可以喺度
Dialogue: 0,0:00:04.73,0:00:07.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,因爲冇你哋嘅話，會些少奇怪
Dialogue: 0,0:00:07.38,0:00:10.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我好高興我哋都喺度
Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.26,0:00:13.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我講嘅「呢度」 唔係指 TED 呢度
Dialogue: 0,0:00:14.80,0:00:16.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,或者呢度
Dialogue: 0,0:00:16.73,0:00:17.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,係呢度
Dialogue: 0,0:00:17.88,0:00:19.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我指嘅係地球
Dialogue: 0,0:00:19.63,0:00:23.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,而我所講嘅「我哋」唔係指\N呢度演講廳嘅咁多位
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.54,0:00:25.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,而係生命
Dialogue: 0,0:00:25.09,0:00:26.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,地球上所有嘅生命
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.52,0:00:32.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,（笑聲）
Dialogue: 0,0:00:32.17,0:00:34.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,由複雜細胞到單細胞
Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.30,0:00:36.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,由黴菌到蘑菇
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.59,0:00:38.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,到飛天熊都係
Dialogue: 0,0:00:38.04,0:00:39.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,（笑聲）
Dialogue: 0,0:00:41.74,0:00:43.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,有趣嘅係
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.27,0:00:46.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,地球係我哋知道唯一有生命嘅地方
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.32,0:00:48.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,八百七十萬種生物
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.59,0:00:50.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我哋人類其實有睇過其他地方
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.04,0:00:51.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,不過可能冇畀心機搵喇
Dialogue: 0,0:00:51.96,0:00:54.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,但係我哋搵咗之後都冇發現有生物
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.04,0:00:56.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,地球係我哋知道唯一有生命嘅地方
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.32,0:00:58.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,地球特殊嗎？
Dialogue: 0,0:00:59.59,0:01:03.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,呢個問題由我細時就已經想知
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.35,0:01:06.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,而我估呢座禮堂八成嘅人\N都諗過同樣嘅事
Dialogue: 0,0:01:06.71,0:01:08.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,亦都想知道答案
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.88,0:01:11.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,要知道有冇其他行星
Dialogue: 0,0:01:11.07,0:01:14.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,喺我哋太陽系或者其他地方\N能夠支持生命
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.86,0:01:18.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,第一步需要了解地球嘅生命需要啲乜
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.58,0:01:22.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,事實證明，喺呢八百七十萬個物種之中
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.16,0:01:24.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,生命只需要三件事
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.03,0:01:27.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,三張相嘅一邊\N地球上所有生命都需要能量
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.91,0:01:31.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,好似我哋咁嘅複合生物體\N需要從太陽取得能量
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.45,0:01:35.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,但係地下深處嘅生物\N可以由化學反應取得能量
Dialogue: 0,0:01:35.31,0:01:38.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,能量嘅來源喺每個星球都有好多種
Dialogue: 0,0:01:39.42,0:01:40.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,相片另一邊
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.58,0:01:43.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,所有生命都需要食物或者營養
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.74,0:01:45.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,咁聽起嚟係過分要求
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.80,0:01:48.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,尤其當你想要一隻多汁嘅番茄時
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.24,0:01:49.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,（笑聲）
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.96,0:01:55.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,但係地球上所有嘅生命\N只需由六種化學元素取得營養
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.14,0:01:59.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,呢啲元素都可以喺我哋嘅太陽系\N任何一個行星上面發現
Dialogue: 0,0:02:00.56,0:02:05.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,所以剩低中間嘅嘢最難達到
Dialogue: 0,0:02:05.77,0:02:07.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,唔係麋鹿，係水
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.58,0:02:10.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,（笑聲）
Dialogue: 0,0:02:11.28,0:02:13.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,雖然如果係麋鹿都幾型
Dialogue: 0,0:02:13.18,0:02:14.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,（笑聲）
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.24,0:02:18.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,唔係冰結嘅水，亦唔係氣態嘅水
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.32,0:02:19.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,而係液態水
Dialogue: 0,0:02:20.71,0:02:23.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,水係所有生命生存都需要嘅嘢
Dialogue: 0,0:02:23.62,0:02:27.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,太陽系好多星球都冇液態水
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.02,0:02:28.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,所以我哋唔去呢啲星球度搵
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.70,0:02:31.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,但有啲太陽系嘅星球可能有大量液態水
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.72,0:02:33.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,甚至多過地球
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.08,0:02:35.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,但啲水都係困喺冰層底下
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.55,0:02:37.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,所以好難接近，好難用到
Dialogue: 0,0:02:37.84,0:02:40.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,亦都令到我哋好難探測\N冰層下面有冇生命
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.42,0:02:44.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,咁只剩低幾個星球值得考慮
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.42,0:02:46.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,所以等我哋簡化一下問題
Dialogue: 0,0:02:46.95,0:02:50.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我哋只要諗喺星球表面搵到液態水就好
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.31,0:02:55.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,咁我哋嘅太陽系裡邊\N只有三個星球可以諗
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.95,0:03:00.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,按太陽嘅距離依次序為：\N金星、地球、火星
Dialogue: 0,0:03:01.26,0:03:04.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,因為你想大氣層畀到水係液體狀態
Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.66,0:03:06.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,所以要對大氣層非常講究
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.91,0:03:10.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,大氣層唔可以太厚或者太暖
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.48,0:03:13.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,因為咁樣嘅話會好似金星一樣咁熱
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.55,0:03:15.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,而且冇可能有液態水
Dialogue: 0,0:03:15.19,0:03:19.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,但係如果你嘅大氣層太薄太凍
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.13,0:03:21.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,結果就會好似火星一樣咁凍
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.83,0:03:24.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,所以金星太熱，火星太凍
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.34,0:03:25.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,地球就啱啱好
Dialogue: 0,0:03:25.60,0:03:29.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,睇下我後邊嘅相，你自然會睇到
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.05,0:03:32.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我哋嘅太陽系邊度可以有生命
Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.25,0:03:34.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,呢個係「金髮女孩\N與三隻熊故事」嘅問題
Dialogue: 0,0:03:34.20,0:03:36.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,簡單到兒童都可以理解
Dialogue: 0,0:03:37.45,0:03:42.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,不過，我想提醒各位兩件事
Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.40,0:03:45.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,喺金髮女孩與三隻熊個故事裡面
Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.39,0:03:48.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我哋經常忽略、但我認為非常切題嘅事
Dialogue: 0,0:03:48.06,0:03:49.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,第一
Dialogue: 0,0:03:50.31,0:03:53.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,當金髮女孩行入屋時
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.65,0:03:56.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,如果熊媽媽碗粥太凍
Dialogue: 0,0:03:56.50,0:03:59.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,咁碗粥係咪一路都係凍嘅呢？
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.82,0:04:03.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,定係喺之前係暖嘅呢？
Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.53,0:04:09.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,金髮女孩行入屋時就一口咬定咗個答案
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.14,0:04:10.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,行星都一樣
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.81,0:04:12.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,行星唔係靜態嘅嘢，佢哋一直改變緊
Dialogue: 0,0:04:12.96,0:04:14.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,佢哋會變化、會演化
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.69,0:04:16.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,大氣層都一樣
Dialogue: 0,0:04:16.64,0:04:18.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我舉一個例子
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.43,0:04:20.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,呢個係我最鍾意嘅火星圖片
Dialogue: 0,0:04:20.46,0:04:23.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,佢唔係最高解析度，亦唔係最靚
Dialogue: 0,0:04:23.11,0:04:25.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,都唔係最新嘅相
Dialogue: 0,0:04:25.06,0:04:28.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,但係佢顯示行星表面嘅河床
Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.100,0:04:32.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,液態水流動而形成嘅河床
Dialogue: 0,0:04:33.52,0:04:38.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,河床要上百上千甚至上萬年先能形成
Dialogue: 0,0:04:38.28,0:04:40.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,依家嘅火星冇可能發生呢件事
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.07,0:04:42.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,依家嘅火星大氣層太薄太冷
Dialogue: 0,0:04:42.45,0:04:44.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,導致水唔可以維持液態
Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.67,0:04:49.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,呢張相話我哋知火星嘅大氣層改變咗
Dialogue: 0,0:04:49.11,0:04:51.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,而且改變好大
Dialogue: 0,0:04:51.71,0:04:56.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,佢由可居住嘅狀態變成依家咁
Dialogue: 0,0:04:56.38,0:05:00.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,以前之所以可居住係因為\N生命三大要素曾經喺嗰度出現過
Dialogue: 0,0:05:00.93,0:05:03.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,以前大氣層可以令地表維持液態水
Dialogue: 0,0:05:03.32,0:05:05.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,但依家火星嘅大氣層去咗邊度？
Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.98,0:05:09.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,一種理論係佢逃逸去到太空
Dialogue: 0,0:05:09.36,0:05:13.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,話大氣粒子有足夠嘅能量\N走出行星嘅引力
Dialogue: 0,0:05:13.72,0:05:16.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,散逸到太空，一去不返
Dialogue: 0,0:05:16.44,0:05:19.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,呢種現象喺有大氣層嘅星球上面\N都會發生
Dialogue: 0,0:05:19.15,0:05:23.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,彗星嘅尾就係大氣逃逸嘅最佳例子
Dialogue: 0,0:05:23.63,0:05:26.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,但係金星嘅大氣都會隨著時間逃逸
Dialogue: 0,0:05:26.95,0:05:28.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,火星與地球都會
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.74,0:05:31.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,只不過係程度同規模嘅問題
Dialogue: 0,0:05:31.97,0:05:36.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,所以我哋要搵出逃逸嘅速率\N先能夠解釋大氣層消失嘅現象
Dialogue: 0,0:05:36.93,0:05:39.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,大氣點得到逃逸所需嘅能量？
Dialogue: 0,0:05:39.57,0:05:41.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,粒子點得到足以逃逸嘅能量？
Dialogue: 0,0:05:41.72,0:05:44.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,如果我哋簡單嚟睇，有兩種方法
Dialogue: 0,0:05:44.56,0:05:46.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,第一，陽光
Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.07,0:05:49.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,大氣粒子吸收太陽發出嘅光
Dialogue: 0,0:05:49.54,0:05:51.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,令到粒子增溫
Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.28,0:05:53.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,係，我跳緊舞，不過粒子佢哋…
Dialogue: 0,0:05:53.60,0:05:54.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,（笑聲）
Dialogue: 0,0:05:55.61,0:05:57.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,該煨，我喺自己嘅婚禮都冇跳過…
Dialogue: 0,0:05:57.78,0:05:59.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,（笑聲）
Dialogue: 0,0:05:59.12,0:06:04.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,佢哋增溫就已經得到足夠嘅能量\N去逃離引力
Dialogue: 0,0:06:04.70,0:06:07.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,第二種方法係靠太陽風
Dialogue: 0,0:06:07.74,0:06:12.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,由太陽表面噴出嘅粒子、物質
Dialogue: 0,0:06:12.93,0:06:17.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,會喺太陽系裡邊\N以每秒 400 公里嘅速度呼嘯而過
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.19,0:06:19.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,太陽風暴嚟嗰陣有時仲會快啲添
Dialogue: 0,0:06:19.79,0:06:25.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,佢哋穿梭行星之間\N向著行星同行星嘅大氣飛去
Dialogue: 0,0:06:25.01,0:06:29.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,佢哋可能畀到大氣粒子能量去逃逸
Dialogue: 0,0:06:29.18,0:06:31.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,呢個就係我覺得有興趣嘅嘢
Dialogue: 0,0:06:31.12,0:06:33.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,因為呢個同適居性有關
Dialogue: 0,0:06:33.38,0:06:39.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我講過金髮女孩嘅故事\N有兩樣嘢你哋要留意一下
Dialogue: 0,0:06:39.11,0:06:41.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,而第二件事更加微妙︰
Dialogue: 0,0:06:41.56,0:06:45.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,如果熊爸爸碗粥太熱
Dialogue: 0,0:06:46.05,0:06:49.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,而熊媽媽碗粥太凍
Dialogue: 0,0:06:51.06,0:06:54.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,咁熊寶寶碗粥咪應該更加凍？
Dialogue: 0,0:06:54.98,0:06:57.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,如果我哋跟著個趨勢諗
Dialogue: 0,0:06:58.20,0:07:03.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,呢件你成世人都以為嘅事\N如果仔細諗下，可能冇咁簡單
Dialogue: 0,0:07:04.37,0:07:08.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,當然，行星溫度取決於佢同太陽嘅距離
Dialogue: 0,0:07:08.56,0:07:10.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,就同適居性有關
Dialogue: 0,0:07:10.74,0:07:13.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,但係我哋可能需要考慮其他事情
Dialogue: 0,0:07:13.14,0:07:18.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,可能碗本身都會決定個故事嘅結局︰
Dialogue: 0,0:07:18.56,0:07:20.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,亦即係乜為之啱啱好
Dialogue: 0,0:07:20.56,0:07:24.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我可以同大家講好多\N關於呢三個行星唔同嘅特性
Dialogue: 0,0:07:24.83,0:07:26.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,點樣影響適居性
Dialogue: 0,0:07:26.59,0:07:32.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,但係因為我研究嘅關係\N同埋因為我係講者
Dialogue: 0,0:07:32.16,0:07:33.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,（笑聲）
Dialogue: 0,0:07:33.68,0:07:37.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,所以我想花一兩分鐘同你哋講下磁場
Dialogue: 0,0:07:37.72,0:07:40.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,地球有磁場；金星同火星就冇
Dialogue: 0,0:07:40.64,0:07:43.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,地球內部深處有一啲電導液體物質
Dialogue: 0,0:07:43.97,0:07:50.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,呢啲電導液體物質流動嗰陣\N會形成地球嘅磁場
Dialogue: 0,0:07:50.55,0:07:52.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,如果你有指南針，你就會知道邊邊係北
Dialogue: 0,0:07:52.94,0:07:54.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,但金星同火星都冇磁場
Dialogue: 0,0:07:54.66,0:07:56.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,如果你喺金星同火星上面用指南針
Dialogue: 0,0:07:56.34,0:07:58.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,恭喜！你盪失路
Dialogue: 0,0:07:58.23,0:07:59.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,（笑聲）
Dialogue: 0,0:07:59.84,0:08:02.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,磁場會影響適居性嗎？
Dialogue: 0,0:08:03.18,0:08:04.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,會點影響？
Dialogue: 0,0:08:05.02,0:08:10.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,好多科學家認為行星嘅磁場\N就好似大氣層嘅防護罩
Dialogue: 0,0:08:10.09,0:08:13.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,令行星四周嘅太陽粒子改變方向
Dialogue: 0,0:08:13.39,0:08:15.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,屬於力場效應嘅一種
Dialogue: 0,0:08:15.40,0:08:18.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,亦都同粒子嘅電荷有關
Dialogue: 0,0:08:18.28,0:08:21.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我鐘意將佢比喻為\N麫包鋪廚窗揭得開嘅玻璃蓋
Dialogue: 0,0:08:22.01,0:08:24.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,（笑聲）
Dialogue: 0,0:08:24.96,0:08:28.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,係嘅，之後睇呢段片嘅同事會發覺
Dialogue: 0,0:08:28.42,0:08:33.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,呢個係我哋第一次\N將太陽風等同為口水唾沫
Dialogue: 0,0:08:33.24,0:08:34.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,（笑聲）
Dialogue: 0,0:08:36.98,0:08:41.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,好，所以地球之所以\N幾十億年嚟都受到保護
Dialogue: 0,0:08:41.71,0:08:43.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,全因我哋有磁場
Dialogue: 0,0:08:43.45,0:08:45.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,以至大氣冇辦法逃脫
Dialogue: 0,0:08:45.71,0:08:47.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,另一方面因為火星冇磁場
Dialogue: 0,0:08:47.88,0:08:49.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,火星嘅大氣冇保護
Dialogue: 0,0:08:49.74,0:08:53.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,以致可能幾十億年嚟火星失去嘅大氣
Dialogue: 0,0:08:53.67,0:08:56.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,足以令到呢個原本可以居住嘅行星
Dialogue: 0,0:08:56.66,0:08:58.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,變成今日我哋睇到嘅樣
Dialogue: 0,0:08:58.68,0:09:04.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,其他科學家認為磁場可能更似船嘅帆
Dialogue: 0,0:09:04.97,0:09:13.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,令行星可以同太陽風交換更多嘅能量
Dialogue: 0,0:09:13.32,0:09:21.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,磁場可以收集太陽風嘅能量\N畀更加多嘅大氣脫逃到
Dialogue: 0,0:09:21.79,0:09:24.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,呢個理論仲需要去證實
Dialogue: 0,0:09:24.07,0:09:27.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,但係佢嘅效應同運作方式睇起來好明顯
Dialogue: 0,0:09:27.16,0:09:28.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,咁係因為我哋知道
Dialogue: 0,0:09:28.60,0:09:32.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,太陽風嘅能量已經注入緊\N我哋地球嘅大氣層度
Dialogue: 0,0:09:32.21,0:09:34.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,嗰股能量順著磁力線傳導
Dialogue: 0,0:09:34.79,0:09:36.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,向下導入兩極
Dialogue: 0,0:09:36.41,0:09:38.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,化成無比璀璨嘅極光
Dialogue: 0,0:09:38.56,0:09:41.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,如果你有睇過極光，你就知佢有幾壯麗
Dialogue: 0,0:09:41.24,0:09:43.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我哋知道能量入緊嚟
Dialogue: 0,0:09:43.27,0:09:46.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我哋想計下有幾多粒子逃逸
Dialogue: 0,0:09:46.30,0:09:49.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,同埋睇下磁場係咪真係有影響
Dialogue: 0,0:09:50.54,0:09:53.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我有一個問題畀大家
Dialogue: 0,0:09:53.07,0:09:56.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,但係我未有答案，我們冇答案
Dialogue: 0,0:09:56.37,0:09:59.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,但係我哋努力緊。我哋係點努力呢？
Dialogue: 0,0:09:59.06,0:10:01.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我哋送咗太空船去呢三個行星度
Dialogue: 0,0:10:01.42,0:10:02.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,有啲圍繞緊行星
Dialogue: 0,0:10:02.90,0:10:05.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,包括 MAVEN 太空船\N目前喺火星嘅軌道上面
Dialogue: 0,0:10:06.00,0:10:08.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,呢項計劃我都有參與
Dialogue: 0,0:10:08.43,0:10:11.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,而且係由呢度嘅科羅拉多大學帶領
Dialogue: 0,0:10:11.32,0:10:13.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,個計劃為咗測量大氣逃脫
Dialogue: 0,0:10:13.92,0:10:16.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我哋喺金星同地球都有類似嘅量度
Dialogue: 0,0:10:16.86,0:10:18.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,當我哋集齊所有嘅量度數據
Dialogue: 0,0:10:18.73,0:10:20.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我哋就可以將佢哋併埋一齊
Dialogue: 0,0:10:20.90,0:10:26.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,就可以了解呢三個行星\N點樣同周圍嘅太空環境互動
Dialogue: 0,0:10:26.19,0:10:30.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我哋就可以決定磁場係咪對適居性重要
Dialogue: 0,0:10:30.86,0:10:33.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,就算我哋有咗答案\N但係點解你哋要咁在乎？
Dialogue: 0,0:10:33.28,0:10:35.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我意思係，我好在乎
Dialogue: 0,0:10:36.13,0:10:38.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我亦都在乎研究經費
Dialogue: 0,0:10:38.34,0:10:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,（笑聲）
Dialogue: 0,0:10:40.76,0:10:42.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,首先，呢個問題嘅答案
Dialogue: 0,0:10:42.59,0:10:45.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,會教我哋更多關於\N金星、地球以及火星嘅事
Dialogue: 0,0:10:45.72,0:10:48.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,唔單止包括佢哋點樣同現今嘅環境互動
Dialogue: 0,0:10:48.61,0:10:50.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,仲包括佢哋幾十億以前嘅狀態
Dialogue: 0,0:10:50.81,0:10:53.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,同埋佢哋好耐以前係咪適合居住
Dialogue: 0,0:10:53.10,0:10:57.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,答案會揭示大氣層嘅嘢
Dialogue: 0,0:10:57.14,0:10:59.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,另外，我哋從呢幾個行星嘅\N大氣層學到嘅知識
Dialogue: 0,0:10:59.55,0:11:02.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,可以應用喺其他星球嘅大氣層度
Dialogue: 0,0:11:02.28,0:11:05.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,包括我哋觀察緊嘅\N幾個環繞著其他恆星嘅行星
Dialogue: 0,0:11:05.40,0:11:10.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,舉個例子，喺波德呢度\N建造同埋控制嘅哈勃太空望遠鏡
Dialogue: 0,0:11:10.45,0:11:15.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,已經好幾年觀察緊\N一塊郵票咁大嘅天空範圍
Dialogue: 0,0:11:15.03,0:11:20.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,佢目前已經喺郵票咁大嘅天空裏面\N發現咗幾千個行星
Dialogue: 0,0:11:20.16,0:11:24.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,而我哋唔覺呢塊天空\N同其他天空有咩唔同
Dialogue: 0,0:11:24.84,0:11:26.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,廿年裏邊
Dialogue: 0,0:11:26.16,0:11:30.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我哋由一個太陽系以外嘅\N行星都唔認識
Dialogue: 0,0:11:30.63,0:11:32.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,到依家知道有咁多行星
Dialogue: 0,0:11:32.82,0:11:35.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我哋都唔知應該由邊度開始探索
Dialogue: 0,0:11:37.27,0:11:38.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,任何幫手都歡迎
Dialogue: 0,0:11:40.54,0:11:44.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,其實，跟據哈勃太空望遠鏡得到嘅觀察
Dialogue: 0,0:11:44.28,0:11:47.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,加上其他類似嘅觀測，我哋宜家相信
Dialogue: 0,0:11:47.48,0:11:52.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,剩係我哋銀河系二千億個星裡邊
Dialogue: 0,0:11:52.60,0:11:57.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,平均每個恆星至少有一個行星
Dialogue: 0,0:11:58.82,0:12:01.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,除此之外，單單喺我哋嘅銀河
Dialogue: 0,0:12:01.80,0:12:09.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我哋估計有大概四百億\N到一千億個行星係適居嘅
Dialogue: 0,0:12:14.59,0:12:16.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我哋得到呢啲行星嘅觀測資料
Dialogue: 0,0:12:16.52,0:12:19.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,但係我哋仲未知邊一個係適合居住嘅
Dialogue: 0,0:12:19.10,0:12:22.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,有點似被困喺台上嘅呢塊紅地氈一樣
Dialogue: 0,0:12:22.69,0:12:23.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,（笑聲）
Dialogue: 0,0:12:26.18,0:12:30.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,但係你又知道仲有其他世界存在
Dialogue: 0,0:12:31.04,0:12:33.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,你又極想了解佢哋
Dialogue: 0,0:12:35.17,0:12:41.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,你又想調查睇下有冇一兩個星球\N好似自己嘅星球
Dialogue: 0,0:12:42.24,0:12:44.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,但係你就係做唔到，你去唔到
Dialogue: 0,0:12:44.86,0:12:50.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,所以你要用上\N為到金星、地球同火星開發嘅工具
Dialogue: 0,0:12:50.19,0:12:52.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,你要將工具用喺其他情況度
Dialogue: 0,0:12:52.86,0:12:57.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,並確保能夠從數據裏面作出合理嘅推斷
Dialogue: 0,0:12:57.54,0:13:00.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,從而揀出最有可能適居嘅行星
Dialogue: 0,0:13:00.71,0:13:03.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,同埋搵出最冇可能適居嘅行星
Dialogue: 0,0:13:03.90,0:13:06.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,最終，同埋至少目前
Dialogue: 0,0:13:06.72,0:13:10.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,呢個就係我哋嘅紅地氈，就喺呢度
Dialogue: 0,0:13:10.09,0:13:13.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,呢個係目前我哋所知唯一適居嘅行星
Dialogue: 0,0:13:13.56,0:13:16.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,雖然好快我哋可能會發現仲有其他嘅
Dialogue: 0,0:13:16.88,0:13:19.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,但係目前，呢個係唯一適居嘅行星
Dialogue: 0,0:13:19.57,0:13:21.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,呢個就係我哋嘅紅地氈
Dialogue: 0,0:13:21.86,0:13:24.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,我真係好高興我哋都喺度
Dialogue: 0,0:13:24.39,0:13:25.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,多謝
Dialogue: 0,0:13:25.50,0:13:28.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,（掌聲）