WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.409 (ダイナミックな音楽) 00:00:03.409 --> 00:00:05.014 オリジナルキーストーンとは 00:00:05.014 --> 00:00:08.460 石のアーチの頂上にあるくさび形の 石板を指します 00:00:08.460 --> 00:00:12.030 キーストーンを外すと すべてが転倒する危険があります 00:00:12.030 --> 00:00:17.081 一部の生態系は同じように機能し 1つのキーストーン種に依存しています 00:00:17.080 --> 00:00:18.906 生物学では キーストーン種は 00:00:18.906 --> 00:00:22.127 彼らの生息地に不釣り合いに大きな影響を与え 00:00:22.127 --> 00:00:23.700 それらのサイズまたは個体数に鑑みると 00:00:23.700 --> 00:00:26.840 それらの日常の活動は他のあらゆる種類の種に 影響を及ぼします 00:00:26.840 --> 00:00:28.430 直接的または間接的に 00:00:28.430 --> 00:00:32.155 そしてそれらの数の変化は栄養カスケードを 引き起こす可能性があります 00:00:32.155 --> 00:00:34.407 影響が生態系全体に波及する場所 00:00:34.407 --> 00:00:35.790 多くの場合驚くべき方法で 00:00:35.790 --> 00:00:38.650 ワイオミング州のイエローストーン国立公園の 灰色のオオカミをとりあげましょう 00:00:38.650 --> 00:00:41.605 その数は1930年代初頭頃にゼロに落ちました 00:00:41.605 --> 00:00:42.860 00:00:42.860 --> 00:00:46.580 00:00:46.580 --> 00:00:49.138 00:00:49.138 --> 00:00:52.140 00:00:52.140 --> 00:00:54.510 00:00:54.510 --> 00:00:58.130 00:00:58.130 --> 00:01:00.160 00:01:00.160 --> 00:01:03.309 00:01:03.309 --> 00:01:06.220 00:01:06.220 --> 00:01:09.880 00:01:09.880 --> 00:01:13.825 00:01:13.825 --> 00:01:16.860 00:01:16.860 --> 00:01:19.270 00:01:19.270 --> 00:01:22.280 00:01:22.280 --> 00:01:25.290 00:01:25.290 --> 00:01:29.085 00:01:29.085 --> 00:01:32.837 00:01:32.837 --> 00:01:34.993 00:01:34.993 --> 00:01:37.310 00:01:37.310 --> 00:01:40.300 00:01:40.300 --> 00:01:43.840 00:01:43.840 --> 00:01:47.140 00:01:47.140 --> 00:01:48.846 00:01:48.846 --> 00:01:51.497 00:01:51.497 --> 00:01:53.490 00:01:53.490 --> 00:01:56.930 00:01:56.930 --> 00:01:58.415 00:01:58.415 --> 00:02:01.200 00:02:01.200 --> 00:02:04.670 00:02:04.670 --> 00:02:07.065 00:02:07.065 --> 00:02:08.799 00:02:08.799 --> 00:02:10.464 00:02:10.464 --> 00:02:14.290 00:02:14.290 --> 00:02:16.331 00:02:16.331 --> 00:02:19.490 00:02:19.490 --> 00:02:22.820 00:02:22.820 --> 00:02:25.610 00:02:25.610 --> 00:02:28.880 00:02:28.880 --> 00:02:32.290 00:02:32.290 --> 00:02:35.145 00:02:35.145 --> 00:02:39.230 00:02:39.230 --> 00:02:41.870 00:02:41.870 --> 00:02:43.710 00:02:43.710 --> 00:02:46.515 00:02:46.515 --> 00:02:49.020 00:02:49.020 --> 00:02:53.080 00:02:53.080 --> 00:02:56.665 00:02:56.665 --> 00:02:59.402 00:02:59.402 --> 00:03:03.000 00:03:03.000 --> 00:03:07.115 00:03:07.115 --> 00:03:09.480 00:03:09.480 --> 00:03:14.530 00:03:14.530 --> 00:03:18.095 00:03:18.095 --> 00:03:21.150 00:03:21.150 --> 00:03:25.090 00:03:25.090 --> 00:03:29.700 00:03:29.700 --> 00:03:32.170 00:03:32.170 --> 00:03:36.460 00:03:36.460 --> 00:03:38.880 00:03:38.880 --> 00:03:41.720 00:03:41.720 --> 00:03:44.015 00:03:44.015 --> 00:03:46.849 00:03:46.849 --> 00:03:50.370 00:03:50.370 --> 00:03:53.999 00:03:53.999 --> 00:03:56.520 00:03:56.520 --> 00:03:57.980 00:03:57.980 --> 00:04:01.010 00:04:01.010 --> 00:04:02.149 00:04:02.149 --> 00:04:05.528 00:04:05.528 --> 00:04:08.706 00:04:08.706 --> 00:04:10.800 00:04:10.800 --> 00:04:14.420 00:04:14.420 --> 00:04:17.487 00:04:17.487 --> 00:04:21.568 00:04:21.568 --> 00:04:25.030 00:04:25.030 --> 00:04:28.263 00:04:28.263 --> 00:04:31.550 00:04:31.550 --> 00:04:35.310 00:04:35.310 --> 00:04:39.340 00:04:39.340 --> 00:04:41.530 00:04:41.530 --> 00:04:43.546 00:04:43.546 --> 00:04:45.690 00:04:45.690 --> 00:04:47.793 00:04:47.793 --> 00:04:50.250 00:04:50.250 --> 00:04:53.810 00:04:53.810 --> 00:04:56.010 00:04:56.010 --> 00:04:57.790 00:04:57.790 --> 00:04:59.660 00:04:59.660 --> 00:05:02.220 00:05:02.220 --> 00:05:04.350 00:05:04.350 --> 00:05:07.050