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RSA Animate

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Iain McGilchrist "El cervell dividit i la creació del món occidental"

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La divisió del cervell és un tema que els neuròlegs ja no els agrada tractar.

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Se'n va parlar molt als 60 i als 70

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després de les primeres callosotomies

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i la idea va guanyar certa popularitat,

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encara que avui dia ja està refutada.

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No és veritat que en una part del cervell s'ocupi de la raó

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i que l'altra s'ocupi de l'emoció.

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Ambdues parts hi estan profundament involucrades.

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No és veritat que el llenguatge només resideixi a l'hemisferi esquerre.

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Ans al contrari: n'hi ha aspectes importants en el dret.

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No és veritat que la percepció visual resideixi només en l'hemisferi dret,

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sinó que una gran part hi rau a l'esquerre.

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El resultat és que la idea s'ha deixat per impossible i ja no se'n parla.

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Tanmateix, això no resol la questió

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perquè el cervell, on tot té a veure amb establir connexions,

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està profundament dividit.

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És un òrgan que tots tenim

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i que s'ha anat dividint més i més al llarg de l'evolució humana.

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Conseqüentment, la proporció del cos callós en relació amb el volum de cada hemisferi ha minvat al llarg de l'evolució.

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La troca s'embolica quan ens adonem que una de les funcions principals (potser la més important) del cos callós

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és, de fet, la d'inhibir l'altre hemisferi.

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Hi ha d'haver una raó cabdal que en justifiqui la divisió.

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I encara més, el cervell és profundament asimètric.
[Esquema del cervell (assimetries de Yakovlev): vista inferior]

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És més ample tant al costat posterior esquerre com a la dreta al davant i sobresurt lleugerament cap endavant i cap enrere.

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És com si algú hagués agafat el cervell per la base i l'hagués girat bruscament cap a la dreta.

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Com en traiem l'aigua clara?

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Si calgués més espai al cervell, en creariem per simetria, perquè el crani és simètric.

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El receptacle que conté el cervell és simètric.

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Perquè ens hauriem de complicar la vida eixamplant unes parts en un hemisferi i d'altres a l'altra banda?

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No serà que acompleixen tasques diferents?

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I, si és així, quines?

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Al cap i a la fi, no només nosaltres manifestem aquesta divisió del cervell.

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Els ocells i altres animals també.

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La manera més senzilla de pensar-hi és imaginar

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un ocell que vol alimentar-se d'una llavor oculta sota una capa de graveta o còdols.

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Haurà de concentrar-se en la llavor amb decisió i sense distraccions

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i ésser capaç de extreure-la de sota la capa de graveta.

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Encara que, si s'estima la vida, també haurà de

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mantenir-se alerta per altres motius: haurà d'estar a l'aguait dels predadors, aliats, possibles parelles o qualsevol altra cosa que s'esdevingui.

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