0:00:00.260,0:00:06.300
Bestiality is a topic so taboo, the word alone[br]is enough to elicit reactions ranging from

0:00:06.300,0:00:10.610
discomfort and disgust to moral outrage and[br]ethical condemnation.

0:00:10.610,0:00:15.450
Despite its relevancy within a wide range[br]of fields, bestiality is largely absent from

0:00:15.450,0:00:16.980
public discourse.

0:00:16.980,0:00:23.180
But what if these much-reviled acts aren’t[br]some rare perversion of human sexuality relegated

0:00:23.180,0:00:28.820
to the darkest corners of the Internet, but[br]actually common everyday practices supported

0:00:28.820,0:00:31.720
and enjoyed by the vast majority of society.

0:00:36.140,0:00:40.060
Hi it's Emily from Bite Size Vegan and welcome[br]to another vegan nugget.

0:00:40.079,0:00:45.210
The definition of the term “bestiality”[br](or bestiality, for any non-Americans wishing

0:00:45.210,0:00:50.409
to pronounce it as it’s actually spelled)[br]has evolved overtime, from its origins signifying

0:00:50.409,0:00:56.239
depraved conduct befitting an animal, to the[br]modern denotation of “sexual relations between

0:00:56.239,0:00:57.499
humans and animals.”

0:00:57.499,0:01:01.869
I wanted to note that for the sake of clarity[br]and expediency, I will mostly be using the

0:01:01.869,0:01:07.030
term “animal” in place of the more accurate[br]“non-human animal,” a decidedly awkward

0:01:07.030,0:01:12.280
afterthought attempting to rectify a false[br]division addressed in this very video!

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And rest assured, I won’t be showing any[br]images or depictions of bestiality today…which

0:01:17.570,0:01:21.880
probably cost me a couple viewers…

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Additionally, you can find detailed citations[br]to everything I state, as well as a bibliography

0:01:28.000,0:01:31.880
and loads of additional resources and things[br]I didn’t have time to fit in this video

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on the blog post linked in the description[br]below.

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With that out of the way, time to take on[br]this timeless taboo!

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Bestiality may seem like a pretty black and[br]white matter: sex with animals is wrong, end

0:01:44.600,0:01:45.600
of story.

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But such a quick dismissal, hastened no doubt[br]by the discomfort of the subject, neglects

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to account for the cultural permeation of[br]bestiality throughout history and our everyday

0:01:54.430,0:01:55.430
lives.

0:01:55.430,0:02:00.140
Ancient mythology is rife with gods taking[br]the form of animals in order to copulate with

0:02:00.140,0:02:05.040
humans, among many other bestial themes we[br]readily teach children in middle school.

0:02:05.040,0:02:09.769
But were a teacher to hand out a story involving[br]sex between humans and animals written in

0:02:09.769,0:02:15.459
the modern-day, suddenly a cultured appreciation[br]of the Classics would become a potentially

0:02:15.459,0:02:18.730
criminal distribution of pornography.

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And while many states in America have strictly-enforced[br]laws against as much as photographing a child

0:02:24.379,0:02:30.359
posed with an animal in even a remotely suggestive[br]manner, kids in America’s farmland can participate

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in wholesome afterschool programs with lessons[br]in boar semen management, and how to sexually

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stimulate a pig.

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If we attempt to evaluate these examples objectively,[br]which the subject matter admittedly makes

0:02:44.410,0:02:49.959
challenging if not impossible, the division[br]between the educational and the immoral or

0:02:49.959,0:02:54.140
criminal becomes largely a matter of cultural[br]context.

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Which begs the question: what, exactly, is[br]so bad about bestiality?

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Criminologist Piers Beirne points to the Mosaic[br]commandments (Exodus 22:19, Leviticus 18:23

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and 20:15-16, and Deuteronomy 27:21) as “the[br]earliest and most influential justification

0:03:05.779,0:03:10.700
for censures of bestiality,” with “the[br]prescribed penalty [of[ death.”

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Remnants of this moral origin are evidenced[br]in the language of some of today’s secular

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legislation, with several states in America,[br]for example, retaining terminology such as,

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"crime against nature," "unnatural," "perverted,"[br]"abominable," "detestable" and, my favorite,

0:03:27.209,0:03:28.790
"buggery."

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Astoundingly enough, bestiality remained punishable[br]by death throughout the early modern period,

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with Sweden executing up to 700 people between[br]1635 and 1778, along with the non-human animals

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involved, and the last known hanging for bestiality[br]in the United States carried out by order

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of The Connecticut Superior Court in January[br]of 1800.

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Given it’s even pre-biblical censure, it[br]may be surprising to hear that many countries

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still lack any laws addressing sexual contact[br]between humans and animals.

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In 2015, Denmark was the last northern European[br]country to ban bestiality, leaving Finland,

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Romania and Hungary as the only holdouts in[br]the European Union.

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In the United States, bestiality remains legal[br]in at least eight states, and Washington D.C.,

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with about seventeen of the remaining 42 having[br]only enacted legislation since 1999—though

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technically Ohio’s brand new legislation[br]signed just last month still won’t take

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effect until March of this year…and only[br]included a ban on bestiality as a way to pass

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an unpopular bill.

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(Will ideally list the states and date enacted[br]onscreen)

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Yay, moral integrity…

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Of the states with laws already enacted, penalties[br]and sentencing range from a misdemeanor with

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no set minimum (Nebraska) to a felony with[br]imprisonment of no less than 7 and up to 20

0:04:49.341,0:04:50.720
years (Rhode Island).

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The modern resurgence of legislation has revealed[br]a shift in the conceptualization and legal

0:04:55.530,0:05:00.661
classification of bestiality from “a crime[br]against public morals,” to an act of animal

0:05:00.661,0:05:06.060
cruelty, with California and Oregon even going[br]so far as to call it “sexual assault of

0:05:06.060,0:05:07.060
an animal.”

0:05:07.060,0:05:12.180
Attorney Rebecca F. Wisch of the Animal Legal[br]& Historical Center proposes that this terminology

0:05:12.180,0:05:17.040
“may reflect these states' assessment that[br]animals are incapable of consenting,” essentially

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granting non-human animals “victim” status.

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With the extreme variation from state to state[br](much less country to country!) of not only

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the criminal classification of and penalty[br]for bestiality, but also the very definition

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of what the act entails, we’re once again[br]left with the question of what precisely makes

0:05:36.790,0:05:39.250
bestiality so objectionable.

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All bestiality legislation includes exceptions[br]for accepted animal industry practices.

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So by eliminating any permissible actions,[br]we can hopefully hone in on the root wrong

0:05:50.090,0:05:51.090
of bestiality.

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Why don’t we start with the rather inadequate[br]parameters of what was traditionally considered

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the legal benchmark for sexual violation:[br]penetration.

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This may appear to offer a clear-cut line[br]in the sand, until we consider the long list

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of farming practices, not to mention animal[br]experimentation and fur “harvesting” methods

0:06:10.800,0:06:12.700
involving penetration.

0:06:12.700,0:06:17.540
So if penetration itself isn’t the issue,[br]what about harmful penetration?

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That can’t be the issue either, as animal[br]experimentation and fur harvesting and common

0:06:22.680,0:06:26.370
farming practices involving penetration can[br]and do cause harm.

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Animals in the fur industry are routinely[br]killed via genital and anal electrocution.

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And we don’t even have time to list all[br]of the bizarre manners in which animal experimentation

0:06:36.400,0:06:42.480
in various fields of research involves an[br]infinite array of harmful and painful penetration.

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Even in the food industry, for example, the[br]vast majority of farmed animals today are

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bred via artificial insemination.

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Cows in the dairy industry are repeatedly[br]impregnated through AI in order to maintain

0:06:53.460,0:06:55.160
the flow of milk for human consumption.

0:06:55.160,0:06:59.500
Like us, they only produce milk for their[br]babies, who are taken from their mothers immediately

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after birth.

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Females are kept as future milk producers[br]and males are either sent to a veal farm or

0:07:04.580,0:07:05.580
shot.

0:07:05.580,0:07:09.490
Aside from the psychological and emotional[br]impact of having their babies taken time and

0:07:09.490,0:07:14.410
again, the insemination process itself can[br]be physically damaging, especially when considering

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that most inseminations are performed by non-veterinarians.

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Since AI training involves practicing on live[br]cows, some courses are held at slaughterhouses,

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though one UK vet advised that “novice inseminators[br]should not practice on cows unless they are

0:07:28.490,0:07:30.520
to be slaughtered on the training day.”

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Perhaps the objectionable element separating[br]routine farming practices from bestiality

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is the deliberate use of force during penetration?

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For this I turn to author Jim Mason’s account[br]of his time working in a turkey breeding facility

0:07:43.320,0:07:45.790
as he describes standard industry practice:

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“They put me to work first in the pit, grabbing[br]and "breaking" hens…

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Breaking hens was hard, fast, dirty work.

0:07:52.030,0:07:56.420
I had to reach into the chute, grab a hen[br]by the legs, and hold her, ankles crossed,

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in one hand.

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Then, as I held her on the edge of the pit,[br]I wiped my other hand over her rear, which

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pushed up her tail feathers and exposed her[br]vent opening.

0:08:03.970,0:08:08.800
The birds weighed 20 to 30 lbs., were terrified,[br]and beat their wings and struggled in panic…

0:08:08.800,0:08:13.230
With the hen thus "broken," the inseminator[br]stuck his thumb right under her vent and pushed,

0:08:13.230,0:08:14.350
which opened the vent…

0:08:14.350,0:08:16.500
Into this, he inserted the semen tube...

0:08:16.500,0:08:20.030
Then both men let go and the hen flopped away[br]onto the house floor.

0:08:20.030,0:08:24.350
Two breakers did 10 hens a minute, or each[br]breaker broke 5 hens a minute — one hen

0:08:24.350,0:08:26.300
every 12 seconds.”

0:08:26.300,0:08:31.340
In the pig meat industry, piglets are the[br]product, so mother pigs, much like dairy cows,

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are subjected to a constant cycle of pregnancies.

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Even in the EU, where tethering stalls in[br]which pigs were chained in place were outlawed,

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artificial insemination is one of a number[br]of built-in exceptions wherein pigs may legally

0:08:44.029,0:08:45.029
be chained in place.

0:08:45.029,0:08:50.529
So, if forceful penetration of an animal’s[br]vagina, anus, or cloaca resulting in physical

0:08:50.529,0:08:56.430
and/or psychological harm and eliciting clear[br]signs of distress is not what’s objectionable,

0:08:56.430,0:09:03.060
maybe it’s when the action performed upon[br]an animal is itself overtly sexual, not just

0:09:03.060,0:09:05.420
the body part(s) involved.

0:09:05.420,0:09:06.620
Take the following account:

0:09:06.620,0:09:11.330
“Each boar had his own little perversion[br]the man had to do to get the boar turned on…

0:09:11.330,0:09:14.770
He might have to hold the boar’s penis in[br]exactly the right way that the boar liked,

0:09:14.770,0:09:17.650
and he had to masturbate some of them in exactly[br]the right way.

0:09:17.650,0:09:20.690
There was one boar, he told me, who wanted[br]to have his butt hole played with.

0:09:20.690,0:09:24.560
“I have to stick my finger in his butt,[br]he just really loves that,” he told me….he’s

0:09:24.560,0:09:27.040
one of the best in the business.”

0:09:27.040,0:09:32.380
Without context where would you place this[br]on the line between the pornographic and permissible?

0:09:32.380,0:09:36.130
Would your answer change if I told you the[br]passage was written by an internationally

0:09:36.130,0:09:40.870
renowned and well-respected specialist in[br]livestock handling and animal welfare?

0:09:40.870,0:09:44.120
If so, what changed about the account itself?

0:09:44.120,0:09:48.610
That excerpt comes from Dr. Temple Grandin’s[br]book, “Animals in Translation,” wherein

0:09:48.610,0:09:52.730
she’s described in the “about” section[br]as “a role model for hundreds of thousands

0:09:52.730,0:09:54.430
of families and people.”

0:09:54.430,0:09:59.771
Grandin continues her tour of porcine breeding[br]practices, describing how unlike cows, female

0:09:59.771,0:10:04.880
pigs have to be sexually excited in order[br]to conceive—so workers must manually arouse

0:10:04.880,0:10:07.770
them prior to insemination.

0:10:07.770,0:10:13.880
Okay…if the highly individualized, manual[br]masturbation of male pigs to completion and

0:10:13.880,0:10:19.710
sexual stimulation of females prior to the[br]insertion of boar semen are acts openly recounted

0:10:19.710,0:10:25.500
by a respected professor and role model to[br]families, I fear our common sense assessment

0:10:25.500,0:10:28.600
may be an exercise in futility.

0:10:28.600,0:10:32.830
Especially when we take into account semen[br]collection methods for bulls, namely the use

0:10:32.830,0:10:37.170
of an artificial vagina, electroejaculation,[br]or transrectal massage.

0:10:37.170,0:10:41.140
The first method often uses a “teaser”[br]bull, “usually a specimen of low breeding

0:10:41.140,0:10:45.660
value,” who is retrained—sometimes painfully[br]via a ring through his nose—and functions

0:10:45.660,0:10:49.560
as the “mount” for the “donor” bull,[br]since the force can injure females.

0:10:49.560,0:10:54.690
The most troubling technique, electroejaculation,[br]involves inserting a probe into the bull’s

0:10:54.690,0:10:57.920
anus and delivering electric shocks to stimulate[br]ejaculation.

0:10:57.920,0:11:02.380
It’s widely known to be painful and has[br]been banned in some EU countries.

0:11:02.380,0:11:07.800
Yet you can watch footage of electroejaculation[br]on the Irish Farm Journal’s YouTube channel,

0:11:07.800,0:11:13.570
as well as—across the platform–hundreds[br]of semen procurement and insemination videos,

0:11:13.570,0:11:19.730
including how to sexual excite a female pig,[br]a topic covered in-depth in the youth education

0:11:19.730,0:11:22.520
resources of the Pork Checkoff program.

0:11:22.520,0:11:27.610
In my video “Do Animals Want to Be Eaten,”[br]I provide examples of the sexualized portrayal

0:11:27.610,0:11:32.580
of animals in advertising, often seducing[br]the would-be consumers of their carcass.

0:11:32.580,0:11:38.010
Even mainstream television shows feature footage[br]that, were the context even slightly altered,

0:11:38.010,0:11:42.740
could result in the network losing its license[br]and inviting a wave of lawsuits.

0:11:42.740,0:11:48.839
As a quick personal aside, I find the fact[br]that YouTube’s wide array borderline bestiality

0:11:48.839,0:11:54.390
videos remain unrestricted and even monetized,[br]yet the video of one of my speeches remains

0:11:54.390,0:12:00.510
age-restricted, despite it’s censure violating[br]YouTube’s own polices, just the slightest

0:12:00.510,0:12:01.510
bit frustrating…

0:12:01.510,0:12:02.510
Moving on…

0:12:02.510,0:12:07.899
I have to say, I think our comparative evaluation[br]has hit a dead end.

0:12:07.899,0:12:11.900
The only element we’ve yet to assess, is[br]the intention and experience of the human

0:12:11.900,0:12:13.120
committing the act.

0:12:13.120,0:12:17.839
This is the determining factor in several[br]state bestiality laws, like Delaware’s,

0:12:17.839,0:12:21.720
which specifies the contact be “for purposes[br]of sexual gratification.”

0:12:21.720,0:12:26.660
But if that’s really the root of our objection[br]to bestiality, then we’ve essentially gone

0:12:26.660,0:12:31.740
full-circle to the original moral basis for[br]its censure, despite the modern shift towards

0:12:31.740,0:12:36.330
animal cruelty classification, and establishment[br]of animals as victims.

0:12:36.330,0:12:40.440
How exactly does the intention of the person[br]involved, or whether the act is part of their

0:12:40.440,0:12:45.660
job description, or carried out in a medical[br]context, help the individual being violated?

0:12:45.660,0:12:50.350
I would imagine that someone’s job title[br]would be of little comfort to the cow restrained

0:12:50.350,0:12:53.420
and forcefully penetrated for her next round[br]of heartbreak.

0:12:53.420,0:12:58.089
And the enjoyment or lack thereof derived[br]by the worker operating the anal probe wouldn’t

0:12:58.089,0:13:03.120
do much to dull the painful electric current[br]shocking a bull’s pelvic nerves.

0:13:03.120,0:13:08.640
Such absurdities are the result of our arbitrary[br]shifting of animals from property to family

0:13:08.640,0:13:11.930
to victim to profit margin, depending on our[br]needs.

0:13:11.930,0:13:17.710
And as their roles shift, so too do the kinds[br]of harms we may inflict upon them.

0:13:17.710,0:13:22.740
In her response to philosopher Peter Singer’s[br]controversial book review essay Heavy Petting,

0:13:22.740,0:13:27.790
Dr. Karen Davis of United Poultry Concerns[br]addresses this progressive commodification:

0:13:27.790,0:13:32.810
“Historically, animal agriculture has facilitated[br]bestiality, not simply because of the proximity

0:13:32.810,0:13:37.570
of farmed animals, but because controlling[br]other creatures' bodies invites this extension

0:13:37.570,0:13:40.360
of a license that has already been taken.”

0:13:40.360,0:13:44.870
In one of the unfortunately numerous cases[br]of extreme sexual abuse of animals within

0:13:44.870,0:13:49.339
the food industry that fall so far outside[br]of the prescribed norms they lead to criminal

0:13:49.339,0:13:53.750
charges, undercover footage and detailed notes[br]from the investigators showed routine abuse

0:13:53.750,0:13:57.870
at a pig breeding facility in Iowa, where[br]thousands of mother pigs are kept in cramped

0:13:57.870,0:13:59.580
gestation crates.

0:13:59.580,0:14:04.020
Workers beat pregnant pigs with blunt metal[br]objects, kicked them in the stomach and head,

0:14:04.020,0:14:08.400
forced rods into their vaginas and anuses,[br]and attacked lame and injured pigs with an

0:14:08.400,0:14:10.740
electric prod, among other offenses.

0:14:10.740,0:14:14.770
The video also captured workers cutting off[br]the tails and tearing out the testicles of

0:14:14.770,0:14:18.470
piglets, “including some with…scrotal[br]hernias, whose intestines would fully protrude

0:14:18.470,0:14:20.790
when snipped”—all without any anesthetic.

0:14:20.790,0:14:25.290
And, in one of the most-cited offenses by[br]the media, workers were shown slamming sick

0:14:25.290,0:14:30.660
or deformed piglets against the ground, leaving[br]them, according investigators, to die slowly,

0:14:30.660,0:14:35.260
their “skull[s]-crushed, paddling their[br]legs and twitching, gasping for air, as others

0:14:35.260,0:14:37.700
were piled on top of them in giant bins.”

0:14:37.700,0:14:42.410
An article on NBC News includes comments from[br]none other than Temple Grandin, described

0:14:42.410,0:14:46.330
as “a leading animal-welfare expert,”[br]who “said that while those are standard

0:14:46.330,0:14:51.300
industry practices, the treatment of the sows[br]on the video was far from it,” calling it

0:14:51.300,0:14:53.350
“atrocious animal abuse.”

0:14:53.350,0:14:58.090
Just to clarify, in case it wasn’t obvious,[br]beating and violating the mother pigs was

0:14:58.090,0:14:59.940
the “atrocious animal abuse.”

0:14:59.940,0:15:05.370
The “standard industry practices” Grandin[br]refers to are the unanaesthetized mutilation

0:15:05.370,0:15:10.860
of newborn piglets and brutal slamming of[br]“defective” babies against concrete.

0:15:10.860,0:15:15.040
Not only are these practices legal, they are[br]government-sanctioned methods within, but

0:15:15.040,0:15:19.460
not limited to, the United States, Canada,[br]and European Union.

0:15:19.460,0:15:24.450
See, that's the great thing about standard[br]practices—I don't know about you, but if

0:15:24.450,0:15:29.440
I was shown that video and asked what was[br]abuse and what was routine, I’d have gotten

0:15:29.440,0:15:32.589
it totally wrong!

0:15:32.589,0:15:38.170
When it comes to our relationships with non-human[br]animals, we posses a remarkable level of cognitive

0:15:38.170,0:15:41.240
dissonance complete with ample blind spots.

0:15:41.240,0:15:46.649
One need only observe how we designate individuals[br]as “friend or food,” by such arbitrary

0:15:46.649,0:15:50.810
factors as geographical location or possession[br]of a human-given name.

0:15:50.810,0:15:54.959
In one country, a dog is viewed as a “pet”—even[br]a family member.

0:15:54.959,0:15:59.529
Yet born in a different part of the world,[br]the very same dog would be viewed as “dinner.”

0:15:59.529,0:16:05.209
Nothing about the dog herself has changed—only[br]her geographical location and, more importantly,

0:16:05.209,0:16:10.029
the perception of her role and value by the[br]humans deciding her fate.

0:16:10.029,0:16:15.959
Such subjective shifting of assigned worth[br]is the very basis of anthropocentrism, a belief

0:16:15.959,0:16:20.180
system that “regards humans as separate[br]from and superior to nature and holds that

0:16:20.180,0:16:25.490
human life has intrinsic value while other[br]entities (including animals, plants, …and

0:16:25.490,0:16:31.170
so on) are resources that may justifiably[br]be exploited for the benefit of humankind.”

0:16:31.170,0:16:36.490
Our anthropocentric worldview explains many[br]bizarre displays of human doublethink.

0:16:36.490,0:16:40.980
An example I covered in my speech “The Best[br]We Have To Offer,” which concerns legislative

0:16:40.980,0:16:46.399
issues pertaining to animal cruelty, was when[br]the European Union signed the Treaty of Lisbon,

0:16:46.399,0:16:52.250
recognizing non-human animals legally sentient,[br]deserving freedom from hunger, thirst, discomfort,

0:16:52.250,0:16:57.600
pain, injury, disease, fear, distress and[br]mental suffering—and then use this very

0:16:57.600,0:17:03.560
recognition of their capacity to feel the[br]same emotions and sensations as we do to design

0:17:03.560,0:17:10.510
the exact manner in which humans may legally[br]violate, imprison, cut, burn, alter, and murder

0:17:10.510,0:17:11.510
them.

0:17:11.510,0:17:16.480
A preliminary report for the new legislation[br]compared the financial cost of gassing verses

0:17:16.480,0:17:24.280
grinding alive the estimated 335 million unwanted[br]day-old male chicks born into the EU egg industry

0:17:24.280,0:17:25.410
every year.

0:17:25.410,0:17:31.350
Finding live grinding, or maceration, to be[br]far more cost-effective, it was codified as

0:17:31.350,0:17:37.140
the method of choice in the resulting groundbreaking[br]animal protection legislation.

0:17:37.140,0:17:42.150
In her article “Pets or Meat,” Professor[br]of Law Marry Anne Case highlights the complications

0:17:42.150,0:17:47.000
arising from the condemnation of bestiality[br]on the grounds of incapacity to consent.

0:17:47.000,0:17:52.120
Citing how even the training of one’s pets[br]is a form of persuasion difficult to “differentiate…with

0:17:52.120,0:17:54.790
reference to consent,” Case concludes that:

0:17:54.790,0:17:58.750
“If we think there should be more strict[br]or rigorous legal controls on having one's

0:17:58.750,0:18:04.130
pets trained to do what would violate the[br]bestiality laws than on other stupid pet tricks,

0:18:04.130,0:18:08.679
we should acknowledge straightforwardly that[br]it is our attitude toward sex, more than our

0:18:08.679,0:18:13.610
concern for animal freedom of choice or animal[br]welfare, that motivates us.”

0:18:13.610,0:18:18.750
Far from having the animals’ interests at[br]heart, it appears that, as Dr. Davis wrote,

0:18:18.750,0:18:24.670
“the primary mainstream objection to bestiality…is[br]that sex between humans and nonhumans, regardless

0:18:24.670,0:18:31.220
of the circumstances in which it occurs including[br]rape, is ‘an offence to our status and dignity

0:18:31.220,0:18:32.620
as human beings.’”

0:18:32.620,0:18:36.080
That’s the power of human perception.

0:18:36.080,0:18:43.340
That our violation of their bodies is an affront[br]to our “dignity.”

0:18:43.340,0:18:48.309
Davis describes how, in regards to bestiality,[br]some animal advocates advanced the argument

0:18:48.309,0:18:53.080
that “nonhuman animals are not in a position[br]to give informed consent…by virtue of [their]

0:18:53.080,0:18:57.860
presumed inherent intellectual inferiority[br]to humans.”

0:18:57.860,0:19:01.380
Even in their supposed defense, we insult[br]them.

0:19:01.380,0:19:06.050
This is why, in “Rethinking Bestiality,”[br]one of the few essays focusing on the issue

0:19:06.050,0:19:11.280
of bestiality from an animal rights standpoint,[br]criminologist Piers Beirne calls for “a

0:19:11.280,0:19:16.900
concept of interspecies sexual assault,”[br]independent of moral outrage, empty allusions

0:19:16.900,0:19:20.610
to victim status, and lack of consent through[br]idiocy.

0:19:20.610,0:19:25.360
Referencing Carol J Adams, Beirne lays the[br]foundation for a truly victim-centered approach

0:19:25.360,0:19:27.320
to the sexual assault of animals:

0:19:27.320,0:19:32.100
“...in seeking to replace anthropocentrism[br]with an acknowledgement of the sentience of

0:19:32.100,0:19:37.711
animals, we must start with the fact that[br]in almost every situation humans and animals

0:19:37.711,0:19:41.130
exist in a relation of potential or actual[br]coercion…

0:19:41.130,0:19:46.800
For genuine consent to sexual relations to[br]be present…both participants must be conscious,

0:19:46.800,0:19:49.820
fully informed and positive in their desires…

0:19:49.820,0:19:54.780
Bestiality involves sexual coercion because[br]animals are incapable of saying yes or no

0:19:54.780,0:19:57.720
to humans in forms that humans can readily[br]understand…

0:19:57.720,0:20:01.900
If we cannot know whether animals consent[br]to our sexual overtures, then we are as much

0:20:01.900,0:20:06.850
at fault when we tolerate interspecies sexual[br]relations as when we fail to condemn adults

0:20:06.850,0:20:11.101
who have sexual relations with infants or[br]with children or with…[others]—who, for

0:20:11.101,0:20:18.460
whatever reason, are unable to refuse participation.”I[br]hope this rather intensive analysis of bestiality

0:20:18.460,0:20:20.580
gave you some food for thought.

0:20:20.580,0:20:21.580
Please share it around.

0:20:21.580,0:20:26.130
I would like to thank my $50 and above patrons[br]and my whole Nugget Army Patreon family for

0:20:26.130,0:20:30.870
making it possible for me to conduct this[br]research, deliver speeches all over the world

0:20:30.870,0:20:33.490
and create hundreds of free educational videos.

0:20:33.490,0:20:37.049
If you’d like to help support Bite Size[br]Vegan’s educational efforts, please see

0:20:37.049,0:20:39.940
the support links below or the link in the[br]sidebar.

0:20:39.940,0:20:44.410
Subscribe to the channel and click the bell[br]to enable notifications for more vegan content.

0:20:44.410,0:20:52.549
Now go live vegan, question your perception,[br]and I’ll see you soon.

0:20:52.549,0:20:53.049
I wonder how long this will stay on YouTube...