0:00:03.150,0:00:06.451
Standard Shader jest bardzo realistycznym i wszechstronnym shaderem.

0:00:07.520,0:00:09.520
Ten prosty, oparty na fizyce shader

0:00:09.520,0:00:11.520
może zostać wykorzystany do stworzenia olbrzymiej ilości

0:00:11.520,0:00:13.520
materiałów. Często się zdaża

0:00:13.520,0:00:15.520
że jedynie ten shader wystarczy

0:00:15.520,0:00:18.121
do stworzenia wszystkich materiałów w danym projekcie.

0:00:19.812,0:00:24.026
Ten shader jest używany do dmyślnych materiałów.

0:00:24.026,0:00:26.026
więc każdy kształt renderowany z

0:00:26.026,0:00:29.768
domyślnym materiałem będzie wykorzystywał standard shader.

0:00:33.412,0:00:36.190
Wszystkie nowo utworzone materiały

0:00:36.930,0:00:38.930
także będą używały standard shader

0:00:40.121,0:00:42.611
Aby zmienić shader używany przez materiał

0:00:42.611,0:00:45.236
wybierz menu shaderów w materiale

0:00:46.046,0:00:49.291
Zaznacz standard, aby używać standard shader

0:00:49.971,0:00:51.971
Warto zauważyć, że unity

0:00:51.971,0:00:53.971
posiada shadery dla obu

0:00:53.971,0:00:56.779
popularnych podejśc do opartego na fizyce renderowania

0:00:57.736,0:00:59.443
domyślnie metaliczny(metalic)

0:00:59.930,0:01:01.613
i lustrzany(specular)

0:01:01.613,0:01:03.251
Aby wybrać standard shader

0:01:03.251,0:01:05.167
korzystający z podejścia lustrzanego(specular)

0:01:05.167,0:01:07.601
wybierz Standard (Specular Setup).

0:01:08.475,0:01:10.475
W przeciwnym razie zaznacz Standard

0:01:10.475,0:01:12.475
dla podejścia metalicznego(metalic)

0:01:14.750,0:01:16.750
Ważne, aby zrozumieć, że

0:01:16.750,0:01:19.337
podejście metaliczne do opartego na fizyce renderowania

0:01:19.337,0:01:21.337
nie jest jedynie dla materiałów

0:01:21.337,0:01:23.100
mających wyglądać metalicznie.

0:01:23.696,0:01:25.696
To podejście jest zwane metalicznym

0:01:25.696,0:01:27.696
ponieważ polega na

0:01:27.696,0:01:30.761
ustalaniu jak bardzo metaliczna, bądź niemetaliczna

0:01:30.761,0:01:32.761
jest dana powierzchnia.

0:01:33.427,0:01:35.703
Jest to przeciwstawne do podejścia "specular"

0:01:35.703,0:01:37.451
w którym wybieramy jak bardzo lustrzana,

0:01:37.451,0:01:39.451
lub nielustrzana jest dana powierzchnia.

0:01:40.505,0:01:42.505
Oba podejścia są poprawne[br]37[br]00:01:42,505 --> 00:01:44,505[br]dla materiałów opartych na fizyce.

0:01:47.459,0:01:49.459
Ten oparty na fizyce materiał

0:01:49.459,0:01:51.362
wciąż jest standardowym materiałem Unity

0:01:51.695,0:01:53.695
i jest skojarzony

0:01:53.695,0:01:56.302
ze standardowym systemem renderowania.

0:02:00.014,0:02:02.990
Standard shader składa się z trzech części:

0:02:03.601,0:02:05.601
Rendering Mode(sposób renderowania)

0:02:05.601,0:02:07.601
Main Maps(Mapy podstawowe)

0:02:07.601,0:02:09.601
and Secondary Maps(mapy drugorzędne)

0:02:11.865,0:02:14.685
W standard shader możemy wybrać spośród trzech sposobów renderowania:

0:02:14.685,0:02:17.996
Opaque, Cutout, Fade and Transparent.

0:02:19.038,0:02:22.598
Większość materiałów jest nieprzeźroczystych, czyli "opaque"

0:02:23.167,0:02:25.558
"Opaque" jest domyślnym sposobem renderowania.

0:02:26.350,0:02:29.225
Dla materiałów przezroczystych, takich jak szkło

0:02:29.225,0:02:31.225
wybierz tryb "Transparent"

0:02:31.656,0:02:33.656
W przezroczystym trybie renderowania

0:02:34.142,0:02:36.819
kanał alpha głównej tekstury

0:02:36.819,0:02:39.930
jest używany do kontroli przezroczystości danego materiału

0:02:41.569,0:02:43.918
W trybie renderowania "cutout"

0:02:43.918,0:02:45.918
kanał alpha głównej tekstury

0:02:45.918,0:02:49.022
jest używany do wycięcia niektórych części tejże tekstury

0:02:49.689,0:02:53.240
Jeśli kanał alpha głównej tekstury zawiera zróżnicowane wartości

0:02:53.240,0:02:55.240
suwak o nazwie "alpha cutoff" może zostać użyty

0:02:55.240,0:02:57.240
do dostosowania wielkości wyciętego obszaru

0:02:57.240,0:03:00.837
do dostosowania wielkości wyciętego obszaru

0:03:02.546,0:03:04.546
Tryb renderowania o nazwie "Fade" jest bardzo podobny

0:03:04.546,0:03:06.546
do trybu "Transparent"

0:03:07.509,0:03:09.509
"Fade" służy do całkowitego wymazywania

0:03:09.509,0:03:11.509
obiektów na ekranie.

0:03:12.192,0:03:14.192
W trybie renderowania "transparent"

0:03:14.192,0:03:16.750
przezroczysty materiał zachowa swoją zdolność

0:03:16.750,0:03:20.681
odbijania części światła, niezależnie wartości kanału alpha.

0:03:20.681,0:03:22.681
"Fade" natomiast wymaże wszystkie

0:03:22.681,0:03:24.681
odpowiednie aspekty materiału,

0:03:24.681,0:03:28.018
więc w tym przypadku przy ustawieniu alpha na 0, obiekt będzie całkowicie niewidzialny.

0:03:30.347,0:03:33.736
Część z mapami głównymi "main maps" określa wygląd materiału.

0:03:34.361,0:03:37.301
Zanim przyjrzymy się z bliska każdej zmiennej,

0:03:37.301,0:03:40.578
jest kilka tematów, które warto poruszyć wcześniej

0:03:41.314,0:03:43.131
Optymalizacja

0:03:43.131,0:03:46.071
shader "Standard" jest świetnie zoptymalizowany.

0:03:46.613,0:03:48.613
Kiedy shader się kompiluje

0:03:48.613,0:03:50.613
wykonują się dwie ważne rzeczy:

0:03:51.113,0:03:54.698
Wszystkie nieużywane zmienne są pomijane, oraz

0:03:55.240,0:03:57.240
sprawdzana jest docelowa platforma

0:03:57.240,0:03:59.907
i shader zostaje zoptymalizowany dla danego urządzenia

0:04:00.559,0:04:03.653
Z tego powodu nie ma potrzeby wypełniać każdej

0:04:03.653,0:04:06.073
zmiennej wartością lub teksturą

0:04:07.681,0:04:09.681
i nie ma obawy, że niepotrzebnie zostaną zużyte

0:04:09.681,0:04:12.357
zasoby sprzętowe do nieużywanych właściwości.

0:04:15.750,0:04:17.750
Cieniowanie oparte na fizyce.

0:04:18.451,0:04:20.451
Cieniowanie oparte na fizyce stara się zastosować

0:04:20.451,0:04:23.952
pewne fizyczne aspekty powierzchni materiału

0:04:23.952,0:04:25.952
włączając jego kolor światła rozproszonego,

0:04:25.952,0:04:27.952
odbicie lustrzane i inne właściwości,

0:04:27.952,0:04:30.355
więc materiał zachowuje się poprawnie

0:04:30.355,0:04:33.279
i wiarygodnie we wszystkich warunkach oświetleniowych.

0:04:33.938,0:04:36.325
The response of the scene lighting to the material

0:04:36.325,0:04:38.325
created with a physically based shader

0:04:38.325,0:04:41.192
mimics light in the real physical world.

0:04:41.839,0:04:43.839
This means that even though there is

0:04:43.839,0:04:45.839
full control over the values on

0:04:45.839,0:04:48.613
all of the properties in the standard shader

0:04:48.613,0:04:50.613
there are certain ranges of values that

0:04:50.613,0:04:53.359
work best for certain types of materials.

0:04:54.057,0:04:57.736
This is particularly true of the metallic and specular values

0:04:57.736,0:05:00.543
depending up which approach is being used

0:05:01.273,0:05:03.723
Taking specular colour for example,

0:05:03.723,0:05:06.199
when analysing real-world materials

0:05:06.199,0:05:08.199
most materials have a specular range

0:05:08.199,0:05:10.199
that is a very dark grey.

0:05:10.768,0:05:15.416
Metals created with a specular workflow are one of the few exceptions,

0:05:15.416,0:05:18.095
they have very bright specular values.

0:05:19.043,0:05:22.066
As well, no material, even the most dull,

0:05:22.066,0:05:24.066
has no specularity at all.

0:05:24.997,0:05:26.997
This means to have a physically based

0:05:26.997,0:05:28.997
material behave correctly

0:05:28.997,0:05:30.997
some attention needs to be paid in using

0:05:30.997,0:05:34.316
the correct physical values for some key properties,

0:05:34.316,0:05:37.149
especially the specular or metallic properties

0:05:37.149,0:05:39.149
depending upon the approach being used.

0:05:40.224,0:05:42.863
For more information on physical-based shading,

0:05:42.863,0:05:45.553
material charts and sample materials

0:05:45.553,0:05:47.553
please see the information linked below.

0:05:48.512,0:05:50.512
There is no need to panic however.

0:05:50.512,0:05:53.002
Items with materials from previous versions of Unity

0:05:53.002,0:05:55.284
will work well out of the box.

0:05:55.894,0:05:58.214
Upgrading from a legacy diffuse shader

0:05:58.214,0:06:01.265
to the standard shader should display little or no difference.

0:06:03.307,0:06:05.738
In the main map section each of these properties

0:06:05.738,0:06:08.318
control one aspect of the final material.

0:06:09.127,0:06:11.942
Each property can be defined by a texture map.

0:06:13.328,0:06:15.096
With the metallic approach,

0:06:15.096,0:06:18.163
for the albido, metallic and emission properties

0:06:18.163,0:06:20.163
the texture is optional.

0:06:20.661,0:06:22.904
The albido and emission properties

0:06:22.904,0:06:25.531
can simply use a colour value instead of a texture.

0:06:26.508,0:06:28.416
The colour value is not available on

0:06:28.416,0:06:30.416
the emission property until the emissive

0:06:30.416,0:06:32.416
scale is larger than 0.

0:06:34.775,0:06:36.775
The metallic property can use a slider

0:06:36.775,0:06:38.775
instead of a texture.

0:06:42.516,0:06:44.516
The albido property uses a

0:06:44.516,0:06:46.516
combination of an optional texture.

0:06:48.543,0:06:51.598
And a colour value to define the base look of the material.

0:06:52.685,0:06:55.682
The colour value will tint the texture.

0:06:57.470,0:07:00.535
Where pure white leaves the main texture unaffected,

0:07:01.552,0:07:03.552
if there is no texture being used

0:07:03.552,0:07:06.792
the tint colour will be the base colour for the material

0:07:09.884,0:07:11.884
The metallic property can be defined

0:07:11.884,0:07:13.884
by either a texture

0:07:15.248,0:07:18.303
or a value from 0 to 1

0:07:18.303,0:07:20.303
set by the slider.

0:07:20.303,0:07:23.506
This defines the metalness of the material surface.

0:07:24.538,0:07:27.332
Metalness works very closely with smoothness.

0:07:28.548,0:07:30.548
The smoothness property is used to

0:07:30.548,0:07:32.061
control the smoothness,

0:07:32.061,0:07:35.453
or micro-surface detail, of the material.

0:07:35.453,0:07:38.453
It is also a value between 0 and 1.

0:07:41.028,0:07:43.028
The less smooth the surface is,

0:07:43.028,0:07:44.824
the more diffuse the reflections will be.

0:07:45.360,0:07:48.204
The more smooth, the sharper the reflections.

0:07:52.650,0:07:54.650
The metallic property can use a texture

0:07:54.650,0:07:57.426
to define the material's metalness.

0:07:58.071,0:08:00.071
This texture can be a simple shade of grey

0:08:00.071,0:08:03.163
used to define the metalness from black,

0:08:03.163,0:08:04.517
or non-metallic,

0:08:04.517,0:08:06.517
to white, completely metallic.

0:08:07.217,0:08:10.339
However, the advantage of using a texture

0:08:10.339,0:08:12.686
to define the metalness of a material

0:08:12.686,0:08:14.686
is to vary the metalness value

0:08:14.686,0:08:16.686
across the surface of the material.

0:08:17.589,0:08:20.654
An additional advantage is this texture's alpha channel.

0:08:21.524,0:08:23.524
This alpha channel can be used to define

0:08:23.524,0:08:25.524
a smoothness map.

0:08:27.791,0:08:29.791
Many materials are far more complex

0:08:29.791,0:08:31.791
than a single uniform surface.

0:08:32.657,0:08:34.657
Take this leather case for example.

0:08:35.486,0:08:37.486
With a single value for metalness and a

0:08:37.486,0:08:39.131
single value for smoothness

0:08:39.615,0:08:41.615
the case looks good.

0:08:41.615,0:08:43.138
But it could look better.

0:08:43.890,0:08:45.891
Use a metalness and smoothness map

0:08:45.891,0:08:47.891
to describe the properties.

0:08:49.660,0:08:51.660
And it looks much better.

0:08:51.660,0:08:53.660
Note how the straps are far more glossy

0:08:53.660,0:08:55.660
than the main body of the case.

0:08:55.660,0:08:57.660
Giving them a feel of polished leather.

0:08:58.969,0:09:00.969
It is worth noting that when using a texture

0:09:00.969,0:09:02.969
to define the metalness

0:09:02.969,0:09:04.969
the smoothness value must also be

0:09:04.969,0:09:06.969
defined by that texture's alpha channel.

0:09:07.983,0:09:09.983
It is also worth noting that the metalness

0:09:09.983,0:09:11.983
value is stored only in the red

0:09:11.983,0:09:15.013
channel of the metalness map's RGB values.

0:09:15.990,0:09:17.990
The green and blue channels are ignored.

0:09:19.059,0:09:21.923
It is often easier however to visualise

0:09:21.923,0:09:23.923
the metalness values of a texture

0:09:23.923,0:09:26.709
if all three colour channels share the same map,

0:09:26.709,0:09:29.573
so the texture appears as a greyscale image.

0:09:30.716,0:09:33.440
When using the standard shader with the specular setup

0:09:35.615,0:09:37.615
the metallic property is replaced with

0:09:37.615,0:09:39.173
the specular property.

0:09:39.891,0:09:41.891
The specular approach also uses

0:09:41.891,0:09:44.775
a smoothness property, which behaves essentially

0:09:44.775,0:09:47.546
in the same way as with the metalness approach.

0:09:50.956,0:09:53.585
The specualar property can either be a texture

0:09:55.278,0:09:56.728
or a colour value

0:09:57.499,0:09:59.499
and defines the specular reflectivity

0:09:59.499,0:10:01.628
of the material's surface.

0:10:01.628,0:10:04.527
The specular value can have some colour in it

0:10:04.527,0:10:06.527
but looking at real world values

0:10:06.527,0:10:08.527
with the exception of some metals

0:10:08.527,0:10:11.449
this is usually a grey and often very dark.

0:10:12.610,0:10:15.518
Specular maps are usually a dark grey as well.

0:10:17.545,0:10:20.332
When a specular texture map is not being used

0:10:20.332,0:10:22.332
the overall surface smoothness can be

0:10:22.332,0:10:24.332
set with the slider.

0:10:26.765,0:10:28.765
This is easier to see when the albido

0:10:28.765,0:10:30.765
texture is removed.

0:10:31.502,0:10:33.502
The ball looks like polished porcelain.

0:10:34.737,0:10:38.692
For a more true mirror, the specular from dark grey,

0:10:38.692,0:10:40.692
which makes the ball look like porcelain

0:10:40.692,0:10:43.547
in to the range of metals and it will now

0:10:43.547,0:10:45.547
reflect the sky and surroundings.

0:10:46.487,0:10:49.357
The smoother the surface, the more it is mirror-like.

0:10:50.330,0:10:53.077
The rougher the surface the more diffuse,

0:10:53.077,0:10:55.077
or scattered the reflections are.

0:10:56.588,0:10:58.938
The normal map property is an optional property

0:10:58.938,0:11:01.787
used to define the apparent bumpiness of the surface.

0:11:02.893,0:11:04.893
When a normal map is applied

0:11:05.649,0:11:07.649
the strength of the normal map can be controlled

0:11:07.649,0:11:09.927
by adjusting the normal map value.

0:11:11.033,0:11:13.033
As well as positive numbers, this value

0:11:13.033,0:11:14.758
can be a negative number

0:11:15.420,0:11:16.455
or 0.

0:11:18.040,0:11:20.040
The height map property is an optional

0:11:20.040,0:11:22.040
property used to define the apparent

0:11:22.040,0:11:24.040
height of the surface.

0:11:24.040,0:11:26.040
When a height map is applied

0:11:26.667,0:11:28.667
the strength of the height map can be controlled

0:11:28.667,0:11:30.667
by adjusting the height map value.

0:11:32.842,0:11:34.842
The occlusion property uses a

0:11:34.842,0:11:36.842
texture map to define the amount of

0:11:36.842,0:11:39.509
ambient occlusion that is applied to the material.

0:11:40.799,0:11:42.799
This is used to help darken

0:11:42.799,0:11:45.095
hidden or recessed areas on the texture.

0:11:46.200,0:11:48.200
The ambient occlusion map also

0:11:48.200,0:11:50.200
prevents specular and reflections in

0:11:50.200,0:11:52.676
these occluded areas, given the material

0:11:52.676,0:11:54.676
a more realistic look.

0:11:56.058,0:11:58.690
The emission property controls whether or not

0:11:58.690,0:12:00.690
the material's surface will emit light.

0:12:01.630,0:12:03.630
The material's emission value can contribute

0:12:03.630,0:12:05.630
to the scene's global illumination.

0:12:06.791,0:12:08.791
The strength of the emission can be controlled

0:12:08.791,0:12:10.791
by the emission value.

0:12:11.215,0:12:14.235
The shape of the emission can be controlled with an emission map.

0:12:15.359,0:12:17.359
The map can be a simple black and white map.

0:12:23.699,0:12:26.447
bBut this texture can also be a colour map.

0:12:32.529,0:12:34.529
When there is a value for emission

0:12:34.529,0:12:36.529
the contribution of the emissive light

0:12:36.529,0:12:39.262
can be assigned to either the baked light maps

0:12:40.607,0:12:42.607
or to the real time light maps.

0:12:45.740,0:12:48.930
The detail mask property is an optional mask element

0:12:48.930,0:12:50.930
to control the secondary maps.

0:12:52.054,0:12:54.708
Tiling and offset control the position of the map.

0:12:55.961,0:12:57.961
The secondary maps are used to define

0:12:57.961,0:12:59.961
additional surface detail.

0:12:59.961,0:13:03.608
This additional detail, sometimes referred to as micro detail,

0:13:03.608,0:13:05.608
is added on top of the surface defined

0:13:05.608,0:13:07.111
by the main maps.

0:13:07.848,0:13:09.848
This helps to add extra detail and

0:13:09.848,0:13:12.657
variation to a material, which is overlaid

0:13:12.657,0:13:15.460
on top of the main maps defining that material.

0:13:16.187,0:13:19.217
Because detail maps can be tiled across meshes

0:13:19.899,0:13:22.693
they can add incredibly high levels of surface detail.