[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:07.41,0:00:09.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have some gossip for you.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:12.44,0:00:14.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Raise your hand if you're a gossiper.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:14.83,0:00:16.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Cheering)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:16.66,0:00:19.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Oh, I see quite a few brave people.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.24,0:00:21.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Terrific!
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.92,0:00:28.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Do you think gossip is mostly\Nnonsense and idle talk?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.70,0:00:30.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Do you think gossip is a sin?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:31.44,0:00:35.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Do you think gossip is harmful, hostile?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:35.92,0:00:38.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Do you think gossip is mostly\Nabout celebrities?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.50,0:00:43.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What's your opinion about Miley Cyrus?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.40,0:00:45.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.45,0:00:48.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you answered "yes,"
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.88,0:00:55.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm going to destroy\Ncommon myths about gossip.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.06,0:01:03.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes, I know that all major religions\Nprohibit or discourage gossip.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.76,0:01:07.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a paradox that\Nalmost everyone gossips.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.18,0:01:12.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Fortunately, gossip benefits the gossiper,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:13.04,0:01:17.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the listener, the group and our society.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.40,0:01:20.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In my career in media\Nand public relations,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:20.81,0:01:23.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I learned the value of gossip.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.03,0:01:26.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've written 23 books,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.30,0:01:30.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,including Webster's New World Dictionary\Nof Media and Communications.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.44,0:01:32.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:01:32.46,0:01:33.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.52,0:01:35.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.45,0:01:39.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I also write under the name\Nof Stephen King.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:39.49,0:01:41.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.19,0:01:47.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Most dictionaries define gossip
Dialogue: 0,0:01:47.54,0:01:51.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with such words as\N"informal conversation,"
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.84,0:01:54.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"idle talk," "rumor."
Dialogue: 0,0:01:54.65,0:01:57.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Idle talk" - I don’t like that.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.86,0:01:59.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here's my definition:
Dialogue: 0,0:02:00.43,0:02:04.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Gossip is a written or spoken conversation
Dialogue: 0,0:02:05.31,0:02:08.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about the private lives of other people.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.50,0:02:11.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:02:13.34,0:02:15.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Usually judgmental,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.80,0:02:19.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,gossip often provides a moral barometer.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:21.00,0:02:23.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Many dictionaries\Nequate gossip with rumor.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.13,0:02:26.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is a big difference.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.98,0:02:32.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Gossip usually has an identifiable source.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.16,0:02:34.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Rumors usually do not.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.64,0:02:38.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Gossip usually has a basis in truth.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.20,0:02:41.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Rumors usually are false.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:43.26,0:02:45.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We now are in a gossip boom,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:46.21,0:02:50.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with more than a billion people gossiping\Non Facebook and other blogs,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:51.47,0:02:57.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,gossiping in person, talking and texting\Non the phone and other media.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:00.02,0:03:05.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Scientists around the world\Nare studying how and why we gossip.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.42,0:03:10.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've been gossiping long before blogs,\NTV, newspapers and magazines.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:11.75,0:03:16.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Cavemen needed gossip for their survival.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:18.08,0:03:21.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Cavemen used gossip to find friends,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:22.10,0:03:23.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,avoid enemies
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.09,0:03:29.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and locate the best places for food,\Nhunting and protection.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:30.60,0:03:33.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"And what's with that woman\Nin the next cave?"
Dialogue: 0,0:03:34.91,0:03:37.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:39.77,0:03:42.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Social networks existed
Dialogue: 0,0:03:43.04,0:03:49.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ever since early villagers found\Ncommon interests with their neighbors.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:50.13,0:03:53.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Online social networks are the new tribes.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:54.79,0:03:58.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When four psychologists\Nat the University of California, Berkeley
Dialogue: 0,0:03:58.22,0:04:02.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,reported recently\Nthat gossiping has major benefits,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.80,0:04:06.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,media around the world\Npressed the "like" button.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.48,0:04:09.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the experiments,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.43,0:04:12.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,students were hooked up\Nto heart rate monitors
Dialogue: 0,0:04:12.70,0:04:15.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to measure the effects of gossip.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:15.84,0:04:17.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was front-page news
Dialogue: 0,0:04:17.65,0:04:22.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because it contradicted\Nthe long-held belief that gossip is bad.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:24.36,0:04:26.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Everyone gossips.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:26.58,0:04:30.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's so natural we're hardly aware of it.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:30.24,0:04:32.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:04:33.20,0:04:38.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,About half of our\Nconversation time is gossip.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:39.51,0:04:41.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's no avoiding it.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:42.25,0:04:45.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We gossip mostly about people we know.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:45.80,0:04:51.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Only a small part is about famous people,\Nwhich is what the media concentrate on.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:52.40,0:04:57.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Much of our gossip is positive or neutral.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:57.82,0:05:00.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Gossip about celebrities is more negative.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:02.53,0:05:05.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Gossip reduces stress,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:06.22,0:05:08.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,boosts self-esteem,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.40,0:05:10.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:05:11.63,0:05:13.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bonds friendship -
Dialogue: 0,0:05:15.08,0:05:17.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:05:18.39,0:05:23.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and these are all data from\Nthe University of California psychologists
Dialogue: 0,0:05:23.08,0:05:25.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who report in a scientific journal -
Dialogue: 0,0:05:25.87,0:05:28.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fuels the stock market,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.49,0:05:30.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,influences voting,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:31.38,0:05:36.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and changes the way we see people\Nand how they see us.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:37.69,0:05:42.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Infants as young as six months\Ncan judge character
Dialogue: 0,0:05:42.51,0:05:45.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and detect differences\Nbetween good and bad behavior.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.54,0:05:49.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We start gossiping\Nsoon after we learn to talk.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.06,0:05:54.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Women were once associated with gossip.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:55.70,0:05:59.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Men gossip as much as women,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:59.84,0:06:02.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:06:05.28,0:06:07.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but in different ways and places.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:08.30,0:06:10.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Men gossip more about people
Dialogue: 0,0:06:10.74,0:06:17.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,associated with sports, politics and sex.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:19.65,0:06:23.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Progesterone is a hormone in women
Dialogue: 0,0:06:23.62,0:06:29.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that reduces anxiety\Nand enhances friendship.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:31.24,0:06:33.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,While gossiping,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:33.52,0:06:39.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,women have a slightly higher level\Nof progesterone than non-gossipers -
Dialogue: 0,0:06:40.95,0:06:43.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,again from a scientific journal.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:45.49,0:06:51.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Scientists are studying\Nthe increased flow of pleasure hormones
Dialogue: 0,0:06:51.84,0:06:53.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,during gossiping
Dialogue: 0,0:06:53.94,0:07:00.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and identifying specific sites\Nin the brain associated with gossip
Dialogue: 0,0:07:01.48,0:07:03.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and specific hormones:
Dialogue: 0,0:07:04.30,0:07:08.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dopamine, oxytocin, serotonin.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:09.34,0:07:16.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Oxytocin boosts contentment,\Ngenerosity, empathy and trust,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:16.56,0:07:19.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all potential components of gossip.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:21.01,0:07:26.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Active gossipers\Nhave bigger brains, no kidding.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:26.72,0:07:27.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:07:29.12,0:07:33.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Individuals with big social networks,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:33.58,0:07:34.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,gossipers,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:35.65,0:07:41.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have a slightly larger\Nprefrontal cortex area of their brains.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:44.62,0:07:49.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Gossip thrives in small towns\Nand isolated areas.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:50.25,0:07:56.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In totalitarian countries, gossip often\Nis more accurate than government reports.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:57.72,0:08:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In our country, gossip is a way of life
Dialogue: 0,0:08:01.65,0:08:04.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in college fraternities and sororities,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:04.25,0:08:05.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,military housing,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:05.71,0:08:08.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,assisted living facilities and prisons.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:10.91,0:08:17.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's an easy language to use with people\Nof similar lifestyle and interests,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:17.48,0:08:21.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,such as neighbors, athletes,\Nstudents and workers.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:22.54,0:08:26.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a way to convey personal information
Dialogue: 0,0:08:26.36,0:08:29.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,accurately, efficiently and enjoyably.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:31.68,0:08:33.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here's a surprise:
Dialogue: 0,0:08:33.91,0:08:38.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some companies prohibit gossip\Nin their offices.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:38.84,0:08:40.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Most are small companies.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:41.22,0:08:47.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Recent studies indicate\Nthe harm created by anti-gossip rules.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:49.20,0:08:50.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,About 60 years ago,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:50.80,0:08:54.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,America's number one gossiper\Nwas Walter Winchell.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:54.96,0:08:58.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,His gossip column was\Nin more than a thousand newspapers.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:59.22,0:09:04.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,His radio and TV audiences\Nwere greater than any program today.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:05.13,0:09:10.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, Paris Hilton, Gorka, TMZ
Dialogue: 0,0:09:11.82,0:09:16.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and other digital media\Nconvey celebrity gossip
Dialogue: 0,0:09:16.22,0:09:19.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,throughout the day and night\Naround the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:19.66,0:09:22.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Also important are the gossip magazines
Dialogue: 0,0:09:22.78,0:09:26.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,such as People, Star, Us\Nand many, many others
Dialogue: 0,0:09:27.24,0:09:31.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the supermarket tabloids\Nsuch as the National Enquirer.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:33.40,0:09:35.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My mission today
Dialogue: 0,0:09:35.44,0:09:40.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has been to convince you\Nthat gossip has many benefits.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:40.91,0:09:44.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's possible that other animals gossip:
Dialogue: 0,0:09:45.48,0:09:49.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,chimpanzees and maybe dolphins.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:49.58,0:09:51.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have three points.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:51.81,0:09:56.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One, gossip is good, so spread the word.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:56.64,0:09:57.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:09:57.94,0:10:01.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Two, be comfortable as a gossiper.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:01.13,0:10:02.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:10:02.84,0:10:05.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Three, don't criticize other gossipers.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:05.70,0:10:07.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:10:08.11,0:10:10.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:10:14.79,0:10:16.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you and good night.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:16.39,0:10:17.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:10:22.59,0:10:23.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Honestly now,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:24.91,0:10:27.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,raise your hand if you're a gossiper.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:27.84,0:10:30.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:10:31.08,0:10:34.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Seems to me I see more hands\Nup now than before.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:34.35,0:10:35.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:10:36.90,0:10:40.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,By the way, have you heard that ...
Dialogue: 0,0:10:41.78,0:10:44.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)