[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.79,0:00:04.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're seen as the organization that is\Nthe bucket for failed social policy.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:04.48,0:00:07.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I can't define who comes to us or how long they stay.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:07.77,0:00:09.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We get the people for whom\Nnothing else has worked,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:09.90,0:00:11.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people who have fallen through all
Dialogue: 0,0:00:11.34,0:00:13.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the other social safety nets.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.25,0:00:15.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They can't contain them, so we must.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.59,0:00:17.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's our job:
Dialogue: 0,0:00:17.03,0:00:20.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,contain them, control them.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.14,0:00:22.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Over the years, as a prison system,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.59,0:00:24.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a nation, and as a society,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.42,0:00:25.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we've become very good at that,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:25.89,0:00:28.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but that shouldn't make you happy.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.01,0:00:29.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Today we incarcerate more people per capita
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.71,0:00:31.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than any other country in the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:31.85,0:00:33.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have more black men in prison today
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.76,0:00:36.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than were under slavery in 1850.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.32,0:00:38.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We house the parents of almost three million
Dialogue: 0,0:00:38.08,0:00:39.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of our community's children,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:39.80,0:00:41.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we've become the new asylum,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:41.82,0:00:44.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the largest mental health provider in this nation.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.86,0:00:46.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When we lock someone up,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.33,0:00:47.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that is no small thing.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:47.96,0:00:51.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And yet, we are called the\NDepartment of Corrections.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:51.12,0:00:52.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Today I want to talk about
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.51,0:00:54.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,changing the way we think about corrections.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.60,0:00:56.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I believe, and my experience tells me,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.66,0:00:58.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that when we change the way we think,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.37,0:01:01.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we create new possibilities, or futures,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:01.21,0:01:03.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and prisons need a different future.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.83,0:01:07.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've spent my entire career\Nin corrections, over 30 years.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.30,0:01:08.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I followed my dad into this field.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.78,0:01:11.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He was a Vietnam veteran. Corrections suited him.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:11.93,0:01:14.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He was strong, steady, disciplined.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.94,0:01:16.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was not so much any of those things,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:16.38,0:01:18.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I'm sure that worried him about me.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.78,0:01:21.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Eventually I decided, if I was\Ngoing to end up in prison,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.62,0:01:22.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'd better end up on the right side of the bars,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.94,0:01:24.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so I thought I'd check it out,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.65,0:01:26.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,take a tour of the place my dad worked,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.92,0:01:29.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the McNeil Island Penitentiary.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.10,0:01:30.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now this was the early '80s,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.81,0:01:32.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and prisons weren't quite what you see
Dialogue: 0,0:01:32.34,0:01:34.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on TV or in the movies.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:34.32,0:01:36.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In many ways, it was worse.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.84,0:01:39.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I walked into a cell house that was five tiers high.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:39.45,0:01:41.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There were eight men to a cell.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:41.08,0:01:43.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there were 550 men in that living unit.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.43,0:01:45.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And just in case you wondered,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.31,0:01:48.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they shared one toilet in those small confines.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.38,0:01:49.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,An officer put a key in a lockbox,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.88,0:01:52.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and hundreds of men streamed out of their cells.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:52.42,0:01:54.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hundreds of men streamed out of their cells.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:54.40,0:01:56.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I walked away as fast as I could.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:56.76,0:01:59.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Eventually I went back and\NI started as an officer there.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:59.36,0:02:01.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My job was to run one of those cell blocks
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.16,0:02:04.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and to control those hundreds of men.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.32,0:02:06.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I went to work at our receptions center,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.16,0:02:08.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I could actually hear the inmates \Nroiling from the parking lot,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.89,0:02:11.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,shaking cell doors, yelling,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:11.38,0:02:13.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,tearing up their cells.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:13.06,0:02:15.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Take hundreds of volatile people and lock them up,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.42,0:02:17.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and what you get is chaos.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.19,0:02:19.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Contain and control — that was our job.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:19.96,0:02:22.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One way we learned to do this more effectively
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.28,0:02:23.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was a new type of housing unit
Dialogue: 0,0:02:23.49,0:02:26.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,called the Intensive Management Unit, IMU,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:26.19,0:02:28.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a modern version of a "hole."
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.02,0:02:30.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We put inmates in cells behind solid steel doors
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.54,0:02:32.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with cuff ports so we could restrain them
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.82,0:02:34.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and feed them.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:34.16,0:02:36.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Guess what?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.50,0:02:37.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It got quieter.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:37.99,0:02:40.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Disturbances died down in the general population.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:40.49,0:02:41.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Places became safer
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.84,0:02:44.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because those inmates who\Nwere most violent or disruptive
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.44,0:02:45.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,could now be isolated.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.86,0:02:47.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But isolation isn't good.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:47.60,0:02:50.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Deprive people of social\Ncontact and they deteriorate.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.42,0:02:52.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was hard getting them out of IMU,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:52.36,0:02:54.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for them and for us.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:54.91,0:02:57.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even in prison, it's no small thing
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.38,0:02:59.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to lock someone up.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.37,0:03:01.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My next assignment was to one\Nof the state's deep-end prisons
Dialogue: 0,0:03:01.92,0:03:04.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where some of our more violent\Nor disruptive inmates are housed.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.86,0:03:06.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,By then, the industry had advanced a lot,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.70,0:03:08.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we had different tools and techniques
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.76,0:03:10.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to manage disruptive behavior.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.80,0:03:13.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We had beanbag guns and pepper spray
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.02,0:03:14.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and plexiglass shields,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.91,0:03:17.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,flash bangs, emergency response teams.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:17.34,0:03:19.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We met violence with force
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.21,0:03:20.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and chaos with chaos.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:20.67,0:03:23.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We were pretty good at putting out fires.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.20,0:03:26.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,While I was there, I met two\Nexperienced correctional workers
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.50,0:03:28.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who were also researchers,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:28.03,0:03:31.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an anthropologist and a sociologist.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:31.22,0:03:32.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One day, one of them commented to me and said,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.78,0:03:34.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"You know, you're pretty good at putting out fires.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:34.81,0:03:38.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Have you ever thought about how to prevent them?"
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.65,0:03:40.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was patient with them,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:40.62,0:03:41.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,explaining our brute force approach
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.93,0:03:43.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to making prisons safer.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:43.79,0:03:45.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They were patient with me.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.32,0:03:47.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Out of those conversations grew some new ideas
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.50,0:03:49.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we started some small experiments.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:49.40,0:03:51.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,First, we started training our officers in teams
Dialogue: 0,0:03:51.80,0:03:55.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rather than sending them one or two\Nat a time to the state training academy.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.04,0:03:57.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Instead of four weeks of training, we gave them 10.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.35,0:03:59.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then we experimented with an apprenticeship model
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.63,0:04:03.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where we paired new staff with veteran staff.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.20,0:04:05.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They both got better at the work.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:05.71,0:04:08.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Second, we added verbal de-escalation skills
Dialogue: 0,0:04:08.32,0:04:10.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into the training continuum
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.21,0:04:12.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and made it part of the use of force continuum.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:12.95,0:04:15.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was the non-force use of force.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:15.43,0:04:17.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then we did something even more radical.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:17.04,0:04:19.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We trained the inmates on those same skills.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:19.35,0:04:21.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We changed the skill set,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:21.64,0:04:24.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,reducing violence, not just responding to it.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:24.81,0:04:28.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Third, when we expanded our facility, \Nwe tried a new type of design.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.05,0:04:30.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now the biggest and most controversial component
Dialogue: 0,0:04:30.75,0:04:34.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of this design, of course, was the toilet.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:34.43,0:04:36.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There were no toilets.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:36.12,0:04:38.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now that might not sound\Nsignificant to you here today,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:38.75,0:04:40.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but at the time, it was huge.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.13,0:04:42.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No one had ever heard of a cell without a toilet.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:42.25,0:04:44.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We all thought it was dangerous and crazy.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.50,0:04:47.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even eight men to a cell had a toilet.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:47.60,0:04:50.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That small detail changed the way we worked.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:50.46,0:04:52.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Inmates and staff started interacting
Dialogue: 0,0:04:52.19,0:04:55.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more often and openly and developing a rapport.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:55.46,0:04:57.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was easier to detect conflict and intervene
Dialogue: 0,0:04:57.30,0:04:58.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,before it escalated.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:58.61,0:05:02.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The unit was cleaner, quieter,\Nsafer and more humane.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:02.25,0:05:04.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This was more effective at keeping the peace
Dialogue: 0,0:05:04.45,0:05:07.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than any intimidation technique I'd seen to that point.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:07.96,0:05:09.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Interacting changes the way you behave,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:09.39,0:05:11.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,both for the officer and the inmate.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:11.49,0:05:14.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We changed the environment\Nand we changed the behavior.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:14.64,0:05:16.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, just in case I hadn't learned this lesson,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:16.54,0:05:18.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they assigned me to headquarters next,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:18.95,0:05:21.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that's where I ran straight\Nup against system change.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:21.47,0:05:24.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, many things work against system change:
Dialogue: 0,0:05:24.04,0:05:26.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,politics and politicians, bills and laws,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:26.15,0:05:28.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,courts and lawsuits, internal politics.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.92,0:05:30.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,System change is difficult and slow,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:30.99,0:05:32.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and oftentimes it doesn't take you
Dialogue: 0,0:05:32.53,0:05:34.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where you want to go.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:34.21,0:05:38.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's no small thing to change a prison system.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:38.24,0:05:40.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what I did do is I reflected\Non my earlier experiences
Dialogue: 0,0:05:40.91,0:05:44.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I remembered that when we interacted\Nwith offenders, the heat went down.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:44.16,0:05:46.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When we changed the environment,\Nthe behavior changed.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.16,0:05:47.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And these were not huge system changes.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:47.94,0:05:49.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These were small changes, and these changes
Dialogue: 0,0:05:49.70,0:05:51.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,created new possibilities.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.91,0:05:54.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So next, I got reassigned as\Nsuperintendent of a small prison.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:54.62,0:05:56.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And at the same time, I was working on my degree
Dialogue: 0,0:05:56.88,0:05:58.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at the Evergreen State College.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:58.96,0:06:00.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I interacted with a lot of\Npeople who were not like me,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:00.95,0:06:02.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people who had different ideas
Dialogue: 0,0:06:02.32,0:06:04.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and came from different backgrounds.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:04.03,0:06:06.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of them was a rainforest ecologist.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:06.62,0:06:08.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She looked at my small prison and what she saw
Dialogue: 0,0:06:08.37,0:06:10.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was a laboratory.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:10.16,0:06:13.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We talked and discovered how prisons and inmates
Dialogue: 0,0:06:13.08,0:06:15.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,could actually help advance science
Dialogue: 0,0:06:15.12,0:06:16.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by helping them complete projects
Dialogue: 0,0:06:16.74,0:06:18.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they couldn't complete on their own,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:18.56,0:06:20.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like repopulating endangered species:
Dialogue: 0,0:06:20.87,0:06:24.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,frogs, butterflies, endangered prairie plants.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:24.02,0:06:25.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At the same time, we found ways to make
Dialogue: 0,0:06:25.35,0:06:26.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,our operation more efficient
Dialogue: 0,0:06:26.93,0:06:29.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,through the addition of solar power,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:29.15,0:06:32.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rainwater catchment, organic gardening, recycling.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:32.68,0:06:35.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This initiative has led to many projects
Dialogue: 0,0:06:35.18,0:06:36.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that have had huge system-wide impact,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:36.88,0:06:40.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not just in our system, but in \Nother state systems as well,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:40.23,0:06:42.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,small experiments making a big difference
Dialogue: 0,0:06:42.42,0:06:45.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to science, to the community.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:45.48,0:06:48.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The way we think about our work changes our work.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:48.64,0:06:51.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The project just made my job\Nmore interesting and exciting.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:51.82,0:06:53.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was excited. Staff were excited.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:53.78,0:06:55.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Officers were excited. Inmates were excited.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:55.79,0:06:57.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They were inspired.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:57.54,0:06:59.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Everybody wanted to be part of this.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:59.10,0:07:01.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They were making a contribution, a difference,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:01.42,0:07:03.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one they thought was meaningful and important.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:03.66,0:07:05.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let me be clear on what's going on here, though.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:05.51,0:07:07.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Inmates are highly adaptive.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.26,0:07:08.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They have to be.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:08.93,0:07:11.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Oftentimes, they know more about our own systems
Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.69,0:07:13.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than the people who run them.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:13.67,0:07:15.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they're here for a reason.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:15.32,0:07:18.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't see my job as to punish them or forgive them,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:18.61,0:07:19.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I do think they can have
Dialogue: 0,0:07:19.87,0:07:22.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,decent and meaningful lives even in prison.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:22.62,0:07:24.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that was the question:
Dialogue: 0,0:07:24.20,0:07:27.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Could inmates live decent and meaningful lives,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:27.38,0:07:30.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and if so, what difference would that make?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:30.65,0:07:33.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I took that question back to the deep end,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:33.55,0:07:36.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where some of our most\Nviolent offenders are housed.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:36.21,0:07:37.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Remember, IMUs are for punishment.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:37.84,0:07:39.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You don't get perks there, like programming.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:39.91,0:07:41.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That was how we thought.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:41.84,0:07:43.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But then we started to realize that if any inmates
Dialogue: 0,0:07:43.95,0:07:46.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,needed programming, it\Nwas these particular inmates.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:46.24,0:07:48.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, they needed intensive programming.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:48.42,0:07:50.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we changed our thinking 180 degrees,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:50.76,0:07:53.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we started looking for new possibilities.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:53.12,0:07:55.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What we found was a new kind of chair.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:55.66,0:07:57.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Instead of using the chair for punishment,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:57.61,0:07:59.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we put it in classrooms.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:59.28,0:08:02.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay, we didn't forget our responsibility to control,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:02.33,0:08:04.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but now inmates could interact safely, face-to-face
Dialogue: 0,0:08:04.56,0:08:06.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with other inmates and staff,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:06.20,0:08:07.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and because control was no longer an issue,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:07.84,0:08:10.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,everybody could focus on other things,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:10.13,0:08:12.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like learning. Behavior changed.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:12.77,0:08:17.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We changed our thinking, and we changed \Nwhat was possible, and this gives me hope.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:17.61,0:08:20.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, I can't tell you that any of this stuff will work.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:20.14,0:08:22.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What I can tell you, though, it is working.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:22.74,0:08:26.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our prisons are getting safer\Nfor both staff and inmates,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:26.16,0:08:27.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and when our prisons are safe,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:27.56,0:08:31.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we can put our energies into\Na lot more than just controlling.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:31.01,0:08:33.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Reducing recidivism may be our ultimate goal,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:33.30,0:08:34.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it's not our only goal.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:34.97,0:08:36.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To be honest with you, preventing crime
Dialogue: 0,0:08:36.73,0:08:38.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,takes so much more from so many more people
Dialogue: 0,0:08:38.70,0:08:40.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and institutions.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:40.21,0:08:43.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If we rely on just prisons to reduce crime,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:43.48,0:08:45.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm afraid we'll never get there.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:45.43,0:08:47.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But prisons can do some things
Dialogue: 0,0:08:47.29,0:08:48.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we never thought they could do.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:48.96,0:08:51.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Prisons can be the source of innovation
Dialogue: 0,0:08:51.00,0:08:52.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and sustainability,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:52.38,0:08:55.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,repopulating endangered species\Nand environmental restoration.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:55.74,0:08:58.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Inmates can be scientists and beekeepers,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:58.38,0:09:00.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dog rescuers.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:00.14,0:09:02.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Prisons can be the source of meaningful work
Dialogue: 0,0:09:02.68,0:09:04.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and opportunity for staff
Dialogue: 0,0:09:04.64,0:09:06.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the inmates who live there.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:06.98,0:09:09.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We can contain and control
Dialogue: 0,0:09:09.15,0:09:11.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and provide humane environments.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:11.27,0:09:13.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These are not opposing qualities.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:13.86,0:09:16.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We can't wait 10 to 20 years to find out
Dialogue: 0,0:09:16.16,0:09:17.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if this is worth doing.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:17.75,0:09:20.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our strategy is not massive system change.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:20.45,0:09:22.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our strategy is hundreds of small changes
Dialogue: 0,0:09:22.25,0:09:25.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that take place in days or months, not years.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:25.94,0:09:29.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need more small pilots where we learn as we go,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:29.33,0:09:32.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,pilots that change the range of possibility.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:32.33,0:09:34.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need new and better ways to measure impacts
Dialogue: 0,0:09:34.42,0:09:36.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on engagement, on interaction,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:36.16,0:09:38.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on safe environments.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:38.18,0:09:40.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need more opportunities to participate in
Dialogue: 0,0:09:40.50,0:09:42.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and contribute to our communities,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:42.67,0:09:45.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your communities.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:45.12,0:09:48.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Prisons need to be secure, yes, safe, yes.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:48.16,0:09:49.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We can do that.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:49.15,0:09:51.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Prisons need to provide humane environments
Dialogue: 0,0:09:51.17,0:09:53.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where people can participate, contribute,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:53.24,0:09:54.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and learn meaningful lives.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:54.92,0:09:56.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're learning how to do that.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:56.77,0:09:58.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's why I'm hopeful.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:58.22,0:10:00.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We don't have to stay stuck\Nin old ideas about prison.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:00.51,0:10:02.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We can define that. We can create that.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:02.98,0:10:05.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And when we do that thoughtfully and with humanity,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:05.42,0:10:07.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,prisons can be more than the bucket
Dialogue: 0,0:10:07.36,0:10:08.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for failed social policy.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:08.95,0:10:12.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Maybe finally, we will earn our title:
Dialogue: 0,0:10:12.30,0:10:14.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a department of corrections.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:14.30,0:10:16.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:16.40,0:10:18.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)