0:00:16.000,0:00:20.500
CAMERON DAIGLE: Oh. There it goes.

0:00:20.590,0:00:22.840
The big red clock is counting down. I have[br]to start.

0:00:22.840,0:00:26.070
Hey guys. My name is Cameron Daigle. I'm the

0:00:26.070,0:00:30.109
senior designer at HashRocket. We are out[br]of Chicago,

0:00:30.109,0:00:34.500
Boulder, and Jacksonville Beach is our main[br]office. I'm

0:00:34.500,0:00:37.260
the longest senior member of the design team.[br]And

0:00:37.260,0:00:39.739
we build Ruby on Rails apps. We build iOS

0:00:39.739,0:00:42.079
apps. We do a lot of different things.

0:00:42.079,0:00:43.360
So what I'm gonna talk to you guys about

0:00:43.360,0:00:46.850
today is, well, this is gonna be yet another

0:00:46.850,0:00:49.260
code-free design talk, so I hope you guys[br]didn't

0:00:49.260,0:00:51.879
want to see anymore code today. And it's almost

0:00:51.879,0:00:54.539
an app and website-free talk as well, because[br]what

0:00:54.539,0:00:56.600
I'm really talking to you about today are[br]not

0:00:56.600,0:00:59.350
interactions that you're gonna have in a normal[br]context,

0:00:59.350,0:01:00.699
like on a, on a, on your phone or

0:01:00.699,0:01:02.500
your laptop. But I want you to discover the

0:01:02.500,0:01:04.280
interactions around you.

0:01:04.280,0:01:06.550
So what that means is that I want, I

0:01:06.550,0:01:08.720
want you guys to be able to build up

0:01:08.720,0:01:13.240
the ability to actively participate in interactions[br]and, that

0:01:13.240,0:01:15.330
might not, that you might not otherwise think[br]about,

0:01:15.330,0:01:17.069
that may be your habits or that kind of

0:01:17.069,0:01:19.690
stuff. And be able to quantify those and what

0:01:19.690,0:01:21.649
you do and don't like about them, and hopefully

0:01:21.649,0:01:23.750
apply that to how we design products.

0:01:23.750,0:01:29.140
So, my first example. So this is Publix. Who

0:01:29.140,0:01:32.190
likes Publix? Is anybody from the Florida[br]area? OK.

0:01:32.190,0:01:33.819
Publix is a really nice grocery store. I don't

0:01:33.819,0:01:36.619
know what you guys in Chicago have. But Publix

0:01:36.619,0:01:39.099
is, Publix is the best we've got in, in

0:01:39.099,0:01:39.640
Florida.

0:01:39.640,0:01:42.520
And it's a really nice grocery store, really[br]nice

0:01:42.520,0:01:45.470
user experience, getting your groceries there[br]and everything. You

0:01:45.470,0:01:47.780
go to pay, at Publix, and this, this is

0:01:47.780,0:01:49.979
a regular occurrence for me. You go to pay,

0:01:49.979,0:01:52.360
you go play with plastic because it's 2014.[br]You

0:01:52.360,0:01:55.200
don't have any cash. And you, this is the

0:01:55.200,0:01:57.340
last screen that you see.

0:01:57.340,0:02:00.050
So I've, I've, I've swiped my card, I've seen

0:02:00.050,0:02:02.129
the total, I have agreed to everything. I[br]get

0:02:02.129,0:02:04.410
to the cash back screen and Publix, the little

0:02:04.410,0:02:08.000
thingy at Publix says, cash back? And if I

0:02:08.000,0:02:11.038
tap no here, the purchase is completed. That[br]no

0:02:11.038,0:02:13.060
is a, is a form submission, essentially.

0:02:13.060,0:02:15.780
And it drives me nuts every time, because[br]the

0:02:15.780,0:02:18.730
last thing to tell Publix to get my, my

0:02:18.730,0:02:22.780
weekend beer or whatever, is no. And so it's,

0:02:22.780,0:02:25.599
it's this grating experience. But it's, it's[br]just a

0:02:25.599,0:02:28.459
little detail that, that really does matter.[br]I mean,

0:02:28.459,0:02:30.390
that every single person that goes to Publix[br]and

0:02:30.390,0:02:33.120
interacts with them as a store encounters[br]this screen

0:02:33.120,0:02:34.859
where, just for a half a second, you know,

0:02:34.859,0:02:37.250
they stop breathing and they're like, wait,[br]what? And

0:02:37.250,0:02:40.069
then they press no and they're OK.

0:02:40.069,0:02:42.659
In contrast, Target, which for me is about[br]a

0:02:42.659,0:02:46.180
hundred yards from Publix, their final screen[br]looks like

0:02:46.180,0:02:49.249
this. Now, there's a separate issue here which[br]is

0:02:49.249,0:02:51.319
that this kind of feels like a weird question

0:02:51.319,0:02:53.189
to ask. I literally never wanted it all on

0:02:53.189,0:02:56.450
my card. Like, I don't, I don't know why.

0:02:56.450,0:02:58.359
And the no is super angry. You notice the

0:02:58.359,0:03:02.310
no is all caps. It's like NO! But, but

0:03:02.310,0:03:04.819
I mean the, it's a big red and a

0:03:04.819,0:03:06.689
big green button. You press the big green[br]button

0:03:06.689,0:03:08.829
to buy your stuff. I mean that, that feels

0:03:08.829,0:03:11.329
better. And now, the wording is a different[br]issue.

0:03:11.329,0:03:13.060
But my point here is that the world is

0:03:13.060,0:03:16.659
full of forms. There, that we are constantly[br]putting

0:03:16.659,0:03:19.659
information into something and getting some[br]sort of a

0:03:19.659,0:03:23.280
result. And it, so, the interactions that[br]we encounter

0:03:23.280,0:03:25.849
when we're trying to build apps, whether we're[br]developing

0:03:25.849,0:03:28.560
or designing for them, have a lot of parallels

0:03:28.560,0:03:31.349
in the actual world. And paying attention[br]to these

0:03:31.349,0:03:32.980
will help you pay attention to those.

0:03:32.980,0:03:34.670
So, I was in Vegas a couple of years

0:03:34.670,0:03:37.950
ago, and this is mostly what I remember of

0:03:37.950,0:03:42.779
Vegas is the, the traffic and the concrete.[br]But

0:03:42.779,0:03:44.939
I took a cab ride. I was there with

0:03:44.939,0:03:46.620
Daniel, our other designer, at a design conference.[br]Took

0:03:46.620,0:03:49.450
a cab ride and ended up paying like, eighteen

0:03:49.450,0:03:53.219
dollars to go two blocks or something. And,[br]and

0:03:53.219,0:03:54.859
when I swiped my card, this was two or

0:03:54.859,0:03:56.200
three years ago, I swiped my card and the

0:03:56.200,0:03:59.120
little thing inside the cab calculated my[br]tip for

0:03:59.120,0:03:59.719
me.

0:03:59.719,0:04:02.669
And I thought, that's fantastic. You know,[br]it, on

0:04:02.669,0:04:04.859
my otherwise miserable cab experience is made[br]nicer by

0:04:04.859,0:04:07.060
the fact that when someone built this thing,[br]it

0:04:07.060,0:04:09.180
didn't matter, necessarily, what it looked[br]like, so I

0:04:09.180,0:04:10.629
hate to say it was someone designed it, cause

0:04:10.629,0:04:12.560
then you think it's visual. It's really just,[br]when

0:04:12.560,0:04:15.120
someone built this, the, the software for[br]this, they

0:04:15.120,0:04:17.488
thought to take, put, take advantage of the[br]fact

0:04:17.488,0:04:19.798
that there's an extra step here that's always[br]going

0:04:19.798,0:04:21.589
to happen. And you might recognize this, I[br]mean,

0:04:21.589,0:04:24.310
this is in Stripe now. So you see any

0:04:24.310,0:04:26.740
businesses with Stripe, see that kind of stuff[br]all

0:04:26.740,0:04:27.600
the time.

0:04:27.600,0:04:32.320
Now, in contrast to that, I took a monorail

0:04:32.320,0:04:34.500
later, cause after two or three days of spending,

0:04:34.500,0:04:36.510
like, fifty dollars a day on cabs, it turns

0:04:36.510,0:04:40.260
out there's a monorail that's, like, way less[br]money.

0:04:40.260,0:04:42.070
So we, we were like cool. We're gonna take

0:04:42.070,0:04:42.740
the monorail.

0:04:42.740,0:04:45.500
Now, we walk up to the monorail display, and

0:04:45.500,0:04:47.130
this is what we see. I wish I had

0:04:47.130,0:04:49.560
a better picture, but I was. We were in

0:04:49.560,0:04:51.870
a hurry. And this is, this is the screen.

0:04:51.870,0:04:54.790
So, single ride tickets, five dollars each.[br]First question.

0:04:54.790,0:04:57.490
Would you like more than one individual ticket?

0:04:57.490,0:04:58.590
No?

0:04:58.590,0:05:05.160
Or. Yes, two, three, four, five.

0:05:05.160,0:05:08.140
So all this has to be is just like,

0:05:08.140,0:05:09.810
buttons of one, two, three, four, five, and[br]it

0:05:09.810,0:05:11.870
was this completely baffling thing that we[br]were just

0:05:11.870,0:05:15.370
floored by. But it was something we noticed.[br]You

0:05:15.370,0:05:17.500
know, who knows. So who knows why this came

0:05:17.500,0:05:19.320
to be? So the, the, I, I mean, it's

0:05:19.320,0:05:21.420
fun to send all this stuff up, but, what

0:05:21.420,0:05:23.220
this talk is about is understanding why this[br]might

0:05:23.220,0:05:23.570
have happened.

0:05:23.570,0:05:25.920
In this case, I have no clue why the,

0:05:25.920,0:05:27.500
they chose to design it this way. I feel

0:05:27.500,0:05:30.350
like there must be a reason. But, so I

0:05:30.350,0:05:32.170
play a lot of video games. This is from

0:05:32.170,0:05:35.130
Super Mario Galaxy a few years ago. I wish

0:05:35.130,0:05:36.540
I had a better photo of this, but I'm

0:05:36.540,0:05:38.430
not going through Super Mario Galaxy again[br]just to

0:05:38.430,0:05:41.640
find this one dialogue box.

0:05:41.640,0:05:43.900
So this, this, this fat star man says, you

0:05:43.900,0:05:45.160
gotta save her? Am I right? And my two

0:05:45.160,0:05:47.640
options are that's right and yes. And I was

0:05:47.640,0:05:50.800
like, heh. You know. That's, that's cute.[br]Like, cool

0:05:50.800,0:05:52.920
job, Super Mario Galaxy. Fun joke.

0:05:52.920,0:05:55.090
But then I thought, like, maybe the reason[br]that

0:05:55.090,0:05:56.860
they did this was because there's like a dialogue

0:05:56.860,0:06:00.830
prompt object somewhere and it expects, like,[br]two answers.

0:06:00.830,0:06:02.840
You know. So maybe it was a funny joke

0:06:02.840,0:06:04.720
and maybe they were just, like, we're not[br]rewriting

0:06:04.720,0:06:09.140
the dialogue prompt thing. You know. Just[br]to have,

0:06:09.140,0:06:11.410
like, an OK button at the corner.

0:06:11.410,0:06:14.340
So who knows? But, I mean, sometimes you,[br]you

0:06:14.340,0:06:16.240
get a glimpse into, like, behind the curtain,[br]and

0:06:16.240,0:06:16.890
sometimes you don't.

0:06:16.890,0:06:18.910
Here's an example of getting a glimpse behind[br]the

0:06:18.910,0:06:21.840
curtain that I never, ever wanted to actually[br]see.

0:06:21.840,0:06:23.710
This is from the Amer app, a few versions

0:06:23.710,0:06:26.390
ago, and it is, too date, the most terrifying

0:06:26.390,0:06:28.620
error message I've ever seen in iOS.

0:06:28.620,0:06:31.020
In case you can't read it, it's an unexpected

0:06:31.020,0:06:35.590
token wanted and then a really strange list[br]of

0:06:35.590,0:06:38.470
symbols and commands, including the word string[br]with double

0:06:38.470,0:06:41.890
quotes around it, within single quotes. And[br]things like

0:06:41.890,0:06:44.610
that. So, I, you guys are the people that

0:06:44.610,0:06:46.700
would know why this would happen or where[br]it

0:06:46.700,0:06:48.900
was coming from. I just took a screen shot

0:06:48.900,0:06:50.750
and tried to get on with whatever I was

0:06:50.750,0:06:51.870
trying to do.

0:06:51.870,0:06:55.360
So, and honestly iOS is full of really fun

0:06:55.360,0:07:00.750
stuff like this, where, you know, Siri sort[br]of,

0:07:00.750,0:07:04.930
I mean. She seems confident. But she parsed[br]that

0:07:04.930,0:07:06.580
sentence in a certain way that makes me wonder

0:07:06.580,0:07:08.860
about, like, how that's being implemented.[br]Like, how is

0:07:08.860,0:07:11.550
this stuff being parsed. And, really, I can[br]tell

0:07:11.550,0:07:13.520
you one thing, the way that it tries to

0:07:13.520,0:07:17.810
parse phrases is really more trouble than[br]it's worth,

0:07:17.810,0:07:19.350
you know.

0:07:19.350,0:07:22.360
So, someone, they've decided to try to, you[br]know,

0:07:22.360,0:07:24.580
underskirt oats is what it says. It says that,

0:07:24.580,0:07:26.990
not me. And what they're trying to do is

0:07:26.990,0:07:28.990
parse spaces. But of course, as soon as you

0:07:28.990,0:07:32.360
start throwing spaces into your grammatical[br]checker, you're running,

0:07:32.360,0:07:34.550
you're increasing the difficulty of doing[br]this accurately versus

0:07:34.550,0:07:37.410
doing it hilariously wrong. By an order of[br]magnitude.

0:07:37.410,0:07:40.350
And, man, I got, I got these for days.

0:07:40.350,0:07:43.020
So, I feel like the, the one on the

0:07:43.020,0:07:46.180
right, I really feel like iOS is getting tired

0:07:46.180,0:07:48.920
of me making fun of it, a little it.

0:07:48.920,0:07:52.370
I love Siri. We have a very intense relationship.

0:07:52.370,0:07:55.010
But, my point here is that we judge truly

0:07:55.010,0:07:57.200
good design not by its beauty or innovation[br]or

0:07:57.200,0:08:00.420
efficiency, but rather by how well it responds[br]to

0:08:00.420,0:08:03.430
its original problem. At what point are you[br]sacrificing

0:08:03.430,0:08:08.260
complexity, or sacrificing simplicity - either[br]one - to

0:08:08.260,0:08:10.540
confuse what problem you're actually responding[br]to.

0:08:10.540,0:08:12.710
I don't feel like I need iOS to, you

0:08:12.710,0:08:14.370
know, to correct an entire phrase for me.[br]It's

0:08:14.370,0:08:16.730
very impressive when it works, but it's very[br]frustrating

0:08:16.730,0:08:18.950
when it doesn't. So at what point is, is

0:08:18.950,0:08:21.500
the actual goodness of the design being hurt[br]by

0:08:21.500,0:08:21.780
that?

0:08:21.780,0:08:25.250
So we're gonna look at three separate types[br]of,

0:08:25.250,0:08:28.660
of ways to quantify this stuff. So, it's one

0:08:28.660,0:08:31.150
thing to be able to, to notice it and

0:08:31.150,0:08:32.740
to get, to make, to laugh about it or

0:08:32.740,0:08:34.390
to figure out a better way to do it.

0:08:34.390,0:08:37.490
It's another thing to actually be able to[br]do

0:08:37.490,0:08:40.169
so on the basis of, like, a principle. So

0:08:40.169,0:08:41.929
these are some basic principles, I think,[br]that you

0:08:41.929,0:08:44.449
could take and use when you, when you notice

0:08:44.449,0:08:45.839
this stuff.

0:08:45.839,0:08:48.420
Respect for intuition, having a common language,[br]and having

0:08:48.420,0:08:51.089
a sense of place. Respect for intuition is[br]very

0:08:51.089,0:08:53.920
simple. All I mean is, does it do what

0:08:53.920,0:08:56.230
I think it will do? Which you think would

0:08:56.230,0:08:58.560
be very basic, but honestly it's very easy[br]to

0:08:58.560,0:09:00.779
find stuff, all the time, where you put yourself

0:09:00.779,0:09:03.360
in the shoes, in someone else's shoes, or[br]even

0:09:03.360,0:09:04.850
your shoes before you learned how to use the

0:09:04.850,0:09:07.269
thing, and you, you realize some things are[br]just

0:09:07.269,0:09:08.610
not what they seem.

0:09:08.610,0:09:11.540
So, this is two coffee makers ago for me.

0:09:11.540,0:09:14.149
This guy broke. The guy after this wasn't[br]good.

0:09:14.149,0:09:16.839
And my current one. But this one, I, this

0:09:16.839,0:09:18.850
is a very old photo, but I can not

0:09:18.850,0:09:21.550
get over this button. All right, I'm gonna[br]ask

0:09:21.550,0:09:24.249
the room. The brew button. What do you think

0:09:24.249,0:09:26.699
will happen when I press the brew button?

0:09:26.699,0:09:31.879
AUDIENCE: It will brew a pot of coffee.

0:09:31.879,0:09:32.779
C.D.: No, that says zero. None of you guys

0:09:32.779,0:09:33.279
are gonna. All right, so, you press the brew

0:09:33.279,0:09:35.910
button, and it wakes up the display, cause[br]this

0:09:35.910,0:09:38.920
coffee has a sleep mode. So the coffee maker

0:09:38.920,0:09:41.870
has a sleep mode. So, the button says brew.

0:09:41.870,0:09:43.180
It's on the front of the coffee maker. It

0:09:43.180,0:09:46.110
looks aesthetic. You know, it's symmetrical,[br]it looks good.

0:09:46.110,0:09:48.029
But the button doesn't do what it says it

0:09:48.029,0:09:48.759
will do.

0:09:48.759,0:09:50.339
You actually have to press it again and then

0:09:50.339,0:09:52.730
it lights up, and that means it's brewing[br]coffee.

0:09:52.730,0:09:54.540
So you've got two issues here. One, that the

0:09:54.540,0:09:56.399
button straight up just doesn't do what it[br]says

0:09:56.399,0:09:59.259
it will do. It's a lying button. Number two,

0:09:59.259,0:10:01.199
that the button now is lit up, which actually

0:10:01.199,0:10:02.970
makes, makes it more of a call out. But

0:10:02.970,0:10:04.560
it's actually an indicator.

0:10:04.560,0:10:07.540
So what you have here is something where you,

0:10:07.540,0:10:10.240
you've gotta talk about where something's[br]an indicator or

0:10:10.240,0:10:13.269
a call out. This is an app that I

0:10:13.269,0:10:15.910
designed a really long time ago, in iOS years.

0:10:15.910,0:10:19.110
This, this came out on iOS 3 I think.

0:10:19.110,0:10:20.689
And it was a recording app. This came out

0:10:20.689,0:10:25.170
before the Apple voice memos app was a thing.

0:10:25.170,0:10:27.100
And we designed it, we said, hey, this app

0:10:27.100,0:10:28.540
only needs to do one thing. It needs to

0:10:28.540,0:10:29.660
record. So let's just make it a big red

0:10:29.660,0:10:32.379
button that says press to record.

0:10:32.379,0:10:34.899
Well, the issue with the app that we found

0:10:34.899,0:10:37.360
after the first couple versions wasn't the[br]press to

0:10:37.360,0:10:38.720
record. It was what would have after you pressed

0:10:38.720,0:10:41.990
press to record. So, initially, you press[br]press to

0:10:41.990,0:10:43.949
record, that button would turn bright green.[br]Cause we

0:10:43.949,0:10:46.040
said, or I said, it was my fault. We,

0:10:46.040,0:10:48.879
I said red means record, like, I meant have,

0:10:48.879,0:10:50.930
you gotta have the button say record. And[br]green

0:10:50.930,0:10:53.309
means go, so it's going. It's recording something.

0:10:53.309,0:10:56.769
But we were confusing people, because they,[br]they thought

0:10:56.769,0:11:00.100
red meant recording and then. So people were[br]like,

0:11:00.100,0:11:01.550
it needs to turn red when it records, and

0:11:01.550,0:11:02.740
I'm like, well then the record button will[br]be

0:11:02.740,0:11:04.899
green initially. That, that doesn't make any[br]sense. Even

0:11:04.899,0:11:06.959
though green is brighter. That's.

0:11:06.959,0:11:09.970
So, there was this disconnect. And really,[br]the solution

0:11:09.970,0:11:11.850
that we ended up with was, after a couple

0:11:11.850,0:11:13.309
of versions in the app store is, the button

0:11:13.309,0:11:18.720
pulses. So the button pulses slowly brighter[br]to darker.

0:11:18.720,0:11:20.980
And so sometimes the, the, the solution that[br]you're

0:11:20.980,0:11:23.589
looking for is, you're just using the wrong[br]format.

0:11:23.589,0:11:25.199
I was in photoshop. It didn't occur to me

0:11:25.199,0:11:26.759
to use animation at the time.

0:11:26.759,0:11:29.399
So that's, that's that story. We're gonna[br]talk a

0:11:29.399,0:11:31.839
little bit about microwaves. And we're gonna[br]talk a

0:11:31.839,0:11:37.230
lot about microwaves, actually. Because microwaves[br]are probably the

0:11:37.230,0:11:40.649
single most-often used bad interface that[br]there is, I

0:11:40.649,0:11:43.519
think. That's probably way too strong. I,[br]you know,

0:11:43.519,0:11:44.709
it's worked well for this talk so I'm gonna

0:11:44.709,0:11:45.860
go with it.

0:11:45.860,0:11:47.949
This is a wall of controls. I mean, there's

0:11:47.949,0:11:49.899
just a thousand things to do on a microwave.

0:11:49.899,0:11:52.399
This, by the way, is the inside of a

0:11:52.399,0:11:55.589
boat from ages ago, and there was a guy

0:11:55.589,0:11:59.420
who stood there and did that. Whatever it[br]was.

0:11:59.420,0:12:03.619
So, I really like this quote from Gary Bernhardt.

0:12:03.619,0:12:06.410
Programmers are good at building machines[br]with seventeen meta-knobs

0:12:06.410,0:12:08.420
that turn the ninety underlying knobs. They're[br]bad at

0:12:08.420,0:12:10.509
asking, why are there so many knobs? And I

0:12:10.509,0:12:12.439
don't think that's just a, I mean, you can

0:12:12.439,0:12:14.869
say that about programmers. I think it applies[br]to,

0:12:14.869,0:12:16.839
to anyone. So I'm not just trying to call

0:12:16.839,0:12:17.480
you guys out.

0:12:17.480,0:12:20.110
But, all right. So we have this microwave,[br]and

0:12:20.110,0:12:22.920
we have the, the intuition test. What. Does[br]it

0:12:22.920,0:12:24.379
do what I think it will do? Now, if

0:12:24.379,0:12:26.110
you've never seen a microwave before, you've[br]never seen

0:12:26.110,0:12:30.119
this microwave before, and regardless of the[br]fact that

0:12:30.119,0:12:31.850
we've all sort of learned to bypass what the

0:12:31.850,0:12:34.589
microwave says it will do, like, immediately.[br]You might,

0:12:34.589,0:12:36.670
you might say you try to start pressing buttons

0:12:36.670,0:12:37.050
or whatever.

0:12:37.050,0:12:40.160
Well, the top left button on this microwave[br]says

0:12:40.160,0:12:42.619
cook, right. So it's in the top left, which

0:12:42.619,0:12:44.439
is normally a good place to put an important

0:12:44.439,0:12:46.209
thing, and it says cook, which is normally[br]what

0:12:46.209,0:12:49.389
a microwave should do. So, maybe you try to

0:12:49.389,0:12:51.319
push, you know, the cook button in the upper

0:12:51.319,0:12:53.410
left. You press the cook button and this is

0:12:53.410,0:12:56.529
my, obviously my beautiful hands. You press[br]this, the

0:12:56.529,0:13:03.029
cook button, and the microwave goes, Ac - 1.

0:13:03.029,0:13:04.910
I don't know what Ac - 1 is. I

0:13:04.910,0:13:08.300
didn't actually press start for fear of, of[br]hurting

0:13:08.300,0:13:11.379
something. This, this microwave fails the[br]intuition test. It

0:13:11.379,0:13:13.509
also fails the other test we'll get to that,

0:13:13.509,0:13:14.980
let's finish this section with a button that[br]does

0:13:14.980,0:13:16.350
do what it says it's going to do, which

0:13:16.350,0:13:18.889
is, this is from my xBox. That button returned

0:13:18.889,0:13:20.430
me to what I was doing and I was

0:13:20.430,0:13:23.420
like, all right. Thanks xBox.

0:13:23.420,0:13:25.720
Kind of hilariously wordy but, that's why[br]I took

0:13:25.720,0:13:26.839
a picture of it, but.

0:13:26.839,0:13:29.610
Second. Common language. So, and, and, by[br]common language

0:13:29.610,0:13:33.529
I mean, consistency both within interface[br]and also outside

0:13:33.529,0:13:36.300
of the interface. Like, a consistency with[br]a user's

0:13:36.300,0:13:39.559
common language. So let's look at a, a car

0:13:39.559,0:13:42.449
dashboard really quick. Car dashboards are[br]also, you know,

0:13:42.449,0:13:45.480
this really crazy, like, heavy interface that[br]tends to

0:13:45.480,0:13:47.740
vary widely and things like that.

0:13:47.740,0:13:50.339
This is actually Daniel, the other designer,[br]this is

0:13:50.339,0:13:52.629
his car. I think it's a Mazda. And every

0:13:52.629,0:13:54.029
person that gets in this car does the same

0:13:54.029,0:13:56.329
exact thing I did, which is they try to

0:13:56.329,0:13:58.619
use that middle knob to adjust, like, the[br]volume,

0:13:58.619,0:14:01.559
or anything really. But that left knob is[br]the

0:14:01.559,0:14:01.970
volume.

0:14:01.970,0:14:03.379
Let's break it down. So we've got three knobs

0:14:03.379,0:14:07.730
here. This left knob. You push it to turn

0:14:07.730,0:14:09.179
the stereo on and off. You turn it for

0:14:09.179,0:14:11.509
volume. We could argue that it shouldn't be[br]on

0:14:11.509,0:14:13.170
the left. Someone else could say, but it's[br]closer

0:14:13.170,0:14:14.379
to the driver, so it should be on the

0:14:14.379,0:14:16.949
left. So that one can go either direction.

0:14:16.949,0:14:19.809
This middle knob. You push it to go to

0:14:19.809,0:14:22.600
the next menu item. Like, cycle through, like,[br]bass

0:14:22.600,0:14:24.610
and treble and balance and stuff like that.[br]And

0:14:24.610,0:14:26.100
you turn it to change the value. So what's

0:14:26.100,0:14:28.709
important about that is, it's not a toggle.[br]The

0:14:28.709,0:14:29.970
first button, when you push it, is a toggle.

0:14:29.970,0:14:31.990
The second button, which looks more or less[br]exactly

0:14:31.990,0:14:34.749
the same, that walks you through a set of

0:14:34.749,0:14:37.410
menu options. And the turning changes the[br]value, which

0:14:37.410,0:14:39.009
is sort of like volume, but it's important[br]to

0:14:39.009,0:14:40.949
remember that until you push it, this button[br]doesn't,

0:14:40.949,0:14:43.610
this knob doesn't do anything. Cause it hasn't[br]selected

0:14:43.610,0:14:43.779
anything.

0:14:43.779,0:14:46.559
So, the initial interaction with that button,[br]it was

0:14:46.559,0:14:50.249
fifty percent non-functional until you know[br]how to activate

0:14:50.249,0:14:51.920
the button. The third one over here doesn't[br]push

0:14:51.920,0:14:55.759
in at all. And it's, and it tunes, when

0:14:55.759,0:14:57.660
you turn it, which doesn't apply to like half

0:14:57.660,0:14:59.040
the thing that you're, that you're doing with[br]the

0:14:59.040,0:15:02.339
car. So, I mean, there's an in, there's a

0:15:02.339,0:15:06.059
severe lack of internal consistency here.

0:15:06.059,0:15:07.689
Here's another example we're gonna go back[br]to a

0:15:07.689,0:15:11.269
couple times. This is the terminator-esque[br]expensive coffee maker

0:15:11.269,0:15:14.209
that we have in the Jacksonville office. It's[br]very

0:15:14.209,0:15:16.339
fancy and nice, but there are also some very

0:15:16.339,0:15:19.550
fundamentally non-nice things about it. Let's[br]look at the

0:15:19.550,0:15:20.059
top.

0:15:20.059,0:15:23.519
So, I've got controls over more than I probably

0:15:23.519,0:15:26.480
ever would need. I've got nine sizes of cup.

0:15:26.480,0:15:29.050
I'm sure you have nine sizes of cup for

0:15:29.050,0:15:33.050
your. I've got flavor and shrink. Flavor goes[br]from

0:15:33.050,0:15:35.749
light to bold. I, I don't know what, I

0:15:35.749,0:15:37.579
honestly don't know what flavor really does.[br]We just

0:15:37.579,0:15:39.129
crank it all to bold.

0:15:39.129,0:15:42.220
And strength, strength goes from mild to strong[br]to

0:15:42.220,0:15:46.309
intense. So, there's three, there's, look,[br]you can do,

0:15:46.309,0:15:48.709
you can make a panopoly of coffees with this

0:15:48.709,0:15:51.249
thing, apparently. But, so our buttons down[br]here, our

0:15:51.249,0:15:52.670
ways to interact with this coffee maker. We[br]have

0:15:52.670,0:15:54.989
a single cup button, caraf button, and up[br]and

0:15:54.989,0:15:57.970
down and a strength, all right.

0:15:57.970,0:16:00.439
So, say I want to change the strength of

0:16:00.439,0:16:02.489
my coffee. I press the strength button, which[br]actually

0:16:02.489,0:16:05.629
cycles between strength and flavor. And the[br]proper one

0:16:05.629,0:16:06.739
is lit up. And then I press my up

0:16:06.739,0:16:08.809
and down arrows to, like, crank up the strength

0:16:08.809,0:16:11.860
or crank down the strength. Whatever. By the[br]way,

0:16:11.860,0:16:16.259
intense is way too strong. It's really strong.

0:16:16.259,0:16:17.470
So I go over here to the cup, and

0:16:17.470,0:16:18.569
maybe I want to crank up or down my

0:16:18.569,0:16:21.509
cup size. That button, you press that button,[br]the

0:16:21.509,0:16:23.360
up and down arrows don't do anything. That[br]button

0:16:23.360,0:16:26.720
actually cycles. It actually walks all the[br]way through.

0:16:26.720,0:16:28.739
Those two arrow buttons, they do set the clock

0:16:28.739,0:16:31.050
and they do, like, obviously we didn't set[br]the

0:16:31.050,0:16:34.149
clock. No, I took all these pictures at exactly

0:16:34.149,0:16:37.170
twelve o' clock. And they do change the strength

0:16:37.170,0:16:39.350
but they don't, they don't, they don't function[br]for

0:16:39.350,0:16:41.939
those other two buttons, even though those[br]buttons function.

0:16:41.939,0:16:44.540
They do the exact same actual thing in the

0:16:44.540,0:16:46.989
software side. They're cranking a value up[br]or down.

0:16:46.989,0:16:50.800
So, there's internal inconsistency there.[br]Oh, yeah, so I,

0:16:50.800,0:16:53.939
so, yeah. So there you go. I'm up to

0:16:53.939,0:16:54.360
XL.

0:16:54.360,0:16:56.779
Video games, again. Video games are great.[br]I think

0:16:56.779,0:16:59.689
they're really, I, I like playing video games,[br]but

0:16:59.689,0:17:03.149
also there's a re-invented UI all the time[br]in

0:17:03.149,0:17:04.990
video games, so I think it's really interesting[br]how

0:17:04.990,0:17:07.970
often those guys start from zero and work[br]their

0:17:07.970,0:17:09.920
way up into a completely different interface[br]depending on

0:17:09.920,0:17:11.579
what kind of game you're playing. It's tough.

0:17:11.579,0:17:15.730
But, outside of the software, the controller[br]has been

0:17:15.730,0:17:17.799
the same for a relatively long time. There[br]are

0:17:17.799,0:17:19.640
more shoulder buttons and stuff but you have[br]a

0:17:19.640,0:17:22.519
directional control and you have A, B, X,[br]and

0:17:22.519,0:17:24.599
Y. Generally speaking, it's safe to say that[br]A

0:17:24.599,0:17:28.690
means cool, and B means no. Most of the

0:17:28.690,0:17:31.610
time, right. Would you agree? I mean, since[br]like

0:17:31.610,0:17:34.760
1985 or whenever the NES game went out. Or

0:17:34.760,0:17:37.559
actually, those buttons are reversed. But[br]that's kind of.

0:17:37.559,0:17:40.049
So, for example, in Mass Effect, this is old,

0:17:40.049,0:17:42.070
in Mass Effect one, I think, which explains[br]why

0:17:42.070,0:17:46.279
the iPhone photo is bad quality. A is land

0:17:46.279,0:17:48.799
and B is leave orbit for this part of

0:17:48.799,0:17:50.409
the game where you are in orbit and you

0:17:50.409,0:17:51.529
need to land or not.

0:17:51.529,0:17:55.970
So, cool. Like, A, basically does the thing.[br]B

0:17:55.970,0:17:59.010
backs you out of the thing. Same exact game.

0:17:59.010,0:18:01.919
Different screen. Same space ship, whatever.[br]A is enter

0:18:01.919,0:18:04.769
system, B doesn't do anything, and X is exit,

0:18:04.769,0:18:08.769
which actually backs you out of the menu.[br]So

0:18:08.769,0:18:10.960
there's no particular reason for this, other[br]than somebody

0:18:10.960,0:18:14.620
didn't think about maintaining a common language[br]with basically

0:18:14.620,0:18:16.600
all of video games. At least I, I assume

0:18:16.600,0:18:18.460
there isn't a reason. I don't know. I'm, I'm

0:18:18.460,0:18:21.039
the user on the other side accidentally hitting[br]B,

0:18:21.039,0:18:21.490
right.

0:18:21.490,0:18:23.090
So on this screen, my loud out screen, I

0:18:23.090,0:18:26.299
think this is Mass Effect two, A doesn't actually

0:18:26.299,0:18:28.890
bring me to the next screen here. It actually

0:18:28.890,0:18:31.269
walks the weapon with another weapon. So there's[br]a

0:18:31.269,0:18:32.799
bunch of stuff going up on this page, but

0:18:32.799,0:18:35.120
you're eventually gonna choose weapons and[br]then go into

0:18:35.120,0:18:37.419
the mission.

0:18:37.419,0:18:40.570
A doesn't do that. A actually changes your[br]weapon

0:18:40.570,0:18:43.539
selection. X modifies, so it actually activates[br]this weapon

0:18:43.539,0:18:48.460
mod screen. Y toggles a, a flavorful sci-fi[br]description.

0:18:48.460,0:18:51.490
And B confirms and sends you into the mission.

0:18:51.490,0:18:53.600
So I hope you weren't expecting to, like,[br]back

0:18:53.600,0:18:55.240
out of this screen, because you're just gonna[br]get

0:18:55.240,0:18:57.630
landed on a planet with angry people shooting[br]at

0:18:57.630,0:18:58.100
you.

0:18:58.100,0:19:00.260
So, I mean, this, these are off. I mean,

0:19:00.260,0:19:02.409
this is from the next game in the series.

0:19:02.409,0:19:04.899
This a common language that is there that[br]needs

0:19:04.899,0:19:08.350
to be paid attention to and isn't. So, really,

0:19:08.350,0:19:11.909
I like this quote. Innovate as a last resort.

0:19:11.909,0:19:14.549
In that, that applies in so many different[br]ways,

0:19:14.549,0:19:17.390
but the context I'm talking about here, it's[br]that

0:19:17.390,0:19:20.289
before you start doing something different[br]than maybe you've

0:19:20.289,0:19:22.570
already done or, or, or other people have[br]already

0:19:22.570,0:19:24.019
done, you need to justify it and you need

0:19:24.019,0:19:27.190
to be aware of like the, the existing languages

0:19:27.190,0:19:31.299
that, that, or the commonality of the, the[br]history

0:19:31.299,0:19:33.659
of whatever you're using.

0:19:33.659,0:19:38.179
So, obviously, accidentally, semi-accidentally[br]putting a button on X

0:19:38.179,0:19:40.080
instead of B is not innovation so much as

0:19:40.080,0:19:42.750
an oversight. But this speaks to the respect[br]that

0:19:42.750,0:19:45.340
you need to have for existing patterns and[br]existing

0:19:45.340,0:19:46.659
user assumptions.

0:19:46.659,0:19:49.990
Number three, we're gonna look at here is[br]a

0:19:49.990,0:19:53.909
sense of place. So, what I mean here is

0:19:53.909,0:19:56.789
the navigation of an item. Where is a user

0:19:56.789,0:19:59.779
when they're using your thing. Where are they[br]in

0:19:59.779,0:20:01.140
your website, for example.

0:20:01.140,0:20:04.549
So Steve Krug says, navigating isn't just[br]a feature

0:20:04.549,0:20:06.210
of the website; it is the website, in the

0:20:06.210,0:20:08.330
same way that the building, shelves, and cash[br]registers

0:20:08.330,0:20:11.830
are Sears. So like, navigation is everything[br]when it

0:20:11.830,0:20:14.370
comes to helping your user understand where[br]they are.

0:20:14.370,0:20:17.309
And this quote's pretty old. So he means like

0:20:17.309,0:20:20.299
navigation between pages and stuff. We, with[br]a lot

0:20:20.299,0:20:21.840
of fat client apps and things like that, it's

0:20:21.840,0:20:26.190
not just pages. It's modes of interface, it's[br]states,

0:20:26.190,0:20:28.639
it's what is active and available at any time

0:20:28.639,0:20:31.070
to me. Maybe my url hasn't change for awhile,

0:20:31.070,0:20:33.019
but there's all of these different ways and[br]navigating

0:20:33.019,0:20:36.090
and walking into and out of states of interface

0:20:36.090,0:20:38.120
and flows.

0:20:38.120,0:20:41.110
So, button modes might get you thinking about[br]something

0:20:41.110,0:20:45.260
that you're familiar with, which is VIM. And[br]one

0:20:45.260,0:20:47.130
of the reasons that I, I started using VIM

0:20:47.130,0:20:50.480
like a month ago. I like it, I guess.

0:20:50.480,0:20:52.809
So, the, all the HashRocket guys are making[br]fun

0:20:52.809,0:20:56.210
of me. So, VIM, if you've ever tried. How

0:20:56.210,0:20:59.110
many of you have not tried to use VIM?

0:20:59.110,0:21:01.630
OK. So there's a few of you. So when

0:21:01.630,0:21:04.210
you try to use VIM, for you five guys,

0:21:04.210,0:21:08.659
VIM is really popular. When you try to use

0:21:08.659,0:21:10.570
VIM, you might try to just start typing a

0:21:10.570,0:21:12.779
word. But it's not going to do anything. It's

0:21:12.779,0:21:13.929
not going to do what you think it's going

0:21:13.929,0:21:15.440
to do, even though it looks like a text

0:21:15.440,0:21:17.590
editor and your keyboard looks like a keyboard.

0:21:17.590,0:21:21.899
You actually have to, you actually have to[br]go

0:21:21.899,0:21:24.210
into insert mode, which is a specific mode,[br]so

0:21:24.210,0:21:26.179
the reason that VIM is so complicated is because

0:21:26.179,0:21:28.760
the modes are not immediately apparent. And[br]that's fine

0:21:28.760,0:21:30.370
for an expert tool. You can do an incredible

0:21:30.370,0:21:32.750
amount of powerful, incredible amount of powerful[br]things with

0:21:32.750,0:21:35.600
VIM. But it is so heavily modal that it

0:21:35.600,0:21:37.820
is very fundamentally confusing and it can[br]be really

0:21:37.820,0:21:41.120
hard for someone to get the hang of initially.

0:21:41.120,0:21:43.610
So, something else that's heavily modal is[br]my microwave.

0:21:43.610,0:21:47.070
And it is a lot worse designed than VIM.

0:21:47.070,0:21:51.200
Let's, let's be clear. So say I want to,

0:21:51.200,0:21:54.830
for some reason I want to soften something.[br]So,

0:21:54.830,0:22:00.470
I, I, I press soften with my well-manicured.[br]That's

0:22:00.470,0:22:06.029
my wife's hand. Press soften, and the, it[br]says

0:22:06.029,0:22:07.269
one.

0:22:07.269,0:22:09.889
So, through trial and error, I was able to

0:22:09.889,0:22:11.820
discover what it wants you to do here. And

0:22:11.820,0:22:13.320
what the soften button wants you to do is

0:22:13.320,0:22:14.860
select a value from one to four and then

0:22:14.860,0:22:17.919
press start. All right. So the reason that[br]that

0:22:17.919,0:22:19.860
is confusing is not only, well, not only is

0:22:19.860,0:22:22.059
there no indicator of that, what that, what[br]is

0:22:22.059,0:22:24.100
going to happen there, it's that the microwave[br]has

0:22:24.100,0:22:24.880
switched modes.

0:22:24.880,0:22:26.470
And the reason I blacked all this out is

0:22:26.470,0:22:28.250
once you press that soften button, you're[br]no longer

0:22:28.250,0:22:33.269
in microwave mode. You're in softness selector[br]mode, right.

0:22:33.269,0:22:35.070
So while all of these other buttons are still

0:22:35.070,0:22:36.809
there, but the mode of the entire thing is

0:22:36.809,0:22:38.840
switched. I'm actually, I've actually walked[br]a step down

0:22:38.840,0:22:41.799
into, I've navigated somewhere. Walked a step[br]down into

0:22:41.799,0:22:45.289
a flow, without getting any feedback or, you[br]know,

0:22:45.289,0:22:48.010
unless you count one on the screen as feedback.

0:22:48.010,0:22:50.299
I have very little feedback that I have actually

0:22:50.299,0:22:55.070
gone anywhere. So what the, what badly designed[br]modes

0:22:55.070,0:22:56.590
can do to you is that they result in

0:22:56.590,0:23:00.019
a secret sequence of actions, like I, unless,[br]till

0:23:00.019,0:23:03.029
I discovered what the app or, or interface[br]or

0:23:03.029,0:23:05.649
microwave wants me to do, I don't know what

0:23:05.649,0:23:08.570
it is. And if it's a mode, then that

0:23:08.570,0:23:10.980
will drive me down what is, potentially, can[br]be

0:23:10.980,0:23:13.590
a long chain of, of sequential actions.

0:23:13.590,0:23:15.760
So, for example, with this microwave, I like[br]cooking

0:23:15.760,0:23:17.919
things on power five, cause then, like, it[br]heats

0:23:17.919,0:23:19.480
it a little bit more evenly and you don't

0:23:19.480,0:23:23.309
end up with, like, lava combined with ice,[br]if

0:23:23.309,0:23:26.830
you're cooking a Hot Pocket or whatever. So,[br]like,

0:23:26.830,0:23:28.720
I would say, with this microwave, and this[br]is

0:23:28.720,0:23:30.590
very specific to this microwave. Don't go[br]back and

0:23:30.590,0:23:32.370
think that this is, it will apply to your

0:23:32.370,0:23:35.710
microwave. Because this, this microwave, you,[br]you can't push

0:23:35.710,0:23:37.309
the buttons first. You have to press cook[br]time

0:23:37.309,0:23:39.750
in order to put time in at all.

0:23:39.750,0:23:41.909
Then, you actually have to press power, after[br]you

0:23:41.909,0:23:44.230
have time entered into the display. Then you[br]can

0:23:44.230,0:23:45.840
press five and change the power to five and

0:23:45.840,0:23:50.710
then start. So this microwave has, like, there's[br]so

0:23:50.710,0:23:52.970
much here, but like, in order to do what

0:23:52.970,0:23:55.190
is a relatively basic feature of the microwave,[br]you

0:23:55.190,0:23:57.659
have to know a specific chain of commands.

0:23:57.659,0:24:00.350
I, I really don't want to compare that to

0:24:00.350,0:24:03.820
VIM, but that is pretty much like VIM. But

0:24:03.820,0:24:05.380
VIM is an expert tool and this microwave is

0:24:05.380,0:24:07.080
supposed to be for, for everyone who needs[br]to

0:24:07.080,0:24:08.980
use a microwave. So, you know.

0:24:08.980,0:24:11.049
But after entering a mode, you have to do

0:24:11.049,0:24:13.440
one of two things. You have to either force

0:24:13.440,0:24:15.460
completion of the mode, which is what my microwave

0:24:15.460,0:24:17.019
does. None of the other buttons will work[br]until

0:24:17.019,0:24:19.230
you, you know, cancel out and panic and just

0:24:19.230,0:24:21.559
cook on ten. And, you know, cook your thing

0:24:21.559,0:24:24.809
too much. Or destroy your existing progress.

0:24:24.809,0:24:28.559
So I actually checked with a very similar[br]microwave

0:24:28.559,0:24:30.380
at my parents' house when I was there over

0:24:30.380,0:24:32.429
Easter. And their microwave, if you start[br]typing and

0:24:32.429,0:24:34.549
you press something else, it just kills whatever[br]you

0:24:34.549,0:24:36.889
were doing before. So what'll happen then[br]is that

0:24:36.889,0:24:38.580
you'll switch the power to five, but then[br]you'll

0:24:38.580,0:24:40.279
type in time and it'll start cooking at ten

0:24:40.279,0:24:42.710
because when you switched to put in the time,

0:24:42.710,0:24:44.960
it just canceled whatever you did before.

0:24:44.960,0:24:48.980
So, microwaves. You know.

0:24:48.980,0:24:52.370
So, let's go back to the coffee maker, because

0:24:52.370,0:24:56.529
destroying progress can have very real-world[br]implications aside from

0:24:56.529,0:24:59.840
accidentally cooking a thing stronger than[br]you wanted to.

0:24:59.840,0:25:05.330
So this microwave has a very rich user experience

0:25:05.330,0:25:08.000
when it comes to actually getting coffee into[br]and

0:25:08.000,0:25:08.980
out of the thing.

0:25:08.980,0:25:11.330
So you press the open button. This flips out.

0:25:11.330,0:25:14.149
That thing unfolds. You've got all of this[br]different

0:25:14.149,0:25:17.659
stuff going on there. Well, it's got, it's[br]a

0:25:17.659,0:25:19.320
grinder, too. I should point this out. It's[br]out

0:25:19.320,0:25:20.830
of frame. Up there at the top, you put

0:25:20.830,0:25:23.279
your beans in there. You close, you get a,

0:25:23.279,0:25:24.970
you get the filter emptied out. You close[br]it

0:25:24.970,0:25:27.399
up, you hit start. It goes whirr, and it

0:25:27.399,0:25:28.889
starts grinding your coffee.

0:25:28.889,0:25:32.639
Well, here's the problem. Is that open button,[br]fully

0:25:32.639,0:25:36.539
functional the whole time. So, and this has[br]happened,

0:25:36.539,0:25:38.110
I would say, this has happened a handful of

0:25:38.110,0:25:39.889
times and it's really bad, because you, you[br]end

0:25:39.889,0:25:42.009
up wanting to fight somebody before the day[br]has

0:25:42.009,0:25:44.389
even started. But you're standing there with[br]your mug

0:25:44.389,0:25:46.399
next to it. You're first in line. You know,

0:25:46.399,0:25:48.960
you've just started the coffee. It's finished[br]grinding. It's

0:25:48.960,0:25:49.960
started to brew.

0:25:49.960,0:25:52.519
And some guy walks up and he goes boink,

0:25:52.519,0:25:54.429
and he hits the open button and the coffee

0:25:54.429,0:25:58.669
maker's like, pfft. You put it back in, you

0:25:58.669,0:26:00.240
press start and it goes whirr, and it starts

0:26:00.240,0:26:02.570
grinding a new batch of coffee. So you can

0:26:02.570,0:26:06.090
destroy. That one button will destroy an entire,[br]like,

0:26:06.090,0:26:08.450
entire thing of coffee. Like, you don't, it,[br]it

0:26:08.450,0:26:11.570
doesn't know what it, why it's doing that.[br]It's

0:26:11.570,0:26:13.250
really annoying. You have to go in and empty

0:26:13.250,0:26:15.019
the filter and reset the whole thing. So you

0:26:15.019,0:26:18.049
can destroy an entire pot of semi-brewed coffee[br]just

0:26:18.049,0:26:20.919
by pressing the open button.

0:26:20.919,0:26:22.190
So that's awful.

0:26:22.190,0:26:25.320
Here's a, here's the coffee maker I have at

0:26:25.320,0:26:27.970
home now. It is simple. It was, it was

0:26:27.970,0:26:30.070
not expensive. It's not, it doesn't look like[br]as

0:26:30.070,0:26:32.210
much like a terminator as the other coffee[br]maker

0:26:32.210,0:26:34.700
does. You, it doesn't have a grinder in it

0:26:34.700,0:26:37.159
or anything like that. We're talking pretty[br]minimal. It

0:26:37.159,0:26:39.950
makes water hot and it puts it on the

0:26:39.950,0:26:40.090
coffee.

0:26:40.090,0:26:42.419
On the inside here, this is a, this is

0:26:42.419,0:26:45.289
the spout. So this is your little water spout

0:26:45.289,0:26:47.509
that's actually gonna put the, the water into[br]the

0:26:47.509,0:26:50.940
coffee. It flips over here. So, like, you[br]fill

0:26:50.940,0:26:53.559
up the thing, the tank with water. You pull

0:26:53.559,0:26:56.889
that over. Close the lid. It puts water on

0:26:56.889,0:26:59.710
the coffee like it's supposed to, you know.[br]Not

0:26:59.710,0:27:00.750
very glamorous.

0:27:00.750,0:27:02.850
But here's one thing that I discovered on,[br]completely

0:27:02.850,0:27:04.820
on accident that I thought was great and I

0:27:04.820,0:27:06.970
got probably way too excited about it. Let's[br]watch

0:27:06.970,0:27:10.950
a cinematic recreation of, of this, of this[br]coffee

0:27:10.950,0:27:14.880
maker and what I discovered.

0:27:14.880,0:27:20.029
I should have. I should have had music.

0:27:20.029,0:27:25.500
Oh my gosh! I was so excited. I was

0:27:25.500,0:27:28.409
like, oh, whoever designed this but a little[br]tab

0:27:28.409,0:27:31.009
thing right there, and it's slanted just a[br]little

0:27:31.009,0:27:33.929
bit, and it cost probably almost zero dollars,[br]but

0:27:33.929,0:27:36.789
it was. That pushes the little arm in there

0:27:36.789,0:27:38.809
to keep you from accidentally just putting[br]hot water

0:27:38.809,0:27:42.710
back into your tank. And I was like, this

0:27:42.710,0:27:49.179
coffee maker has developed a lowfi like very[br]non-technical

0:27:49.179,0:27:51.279
solution to a problem, and this was probably[br]done

0:27:51.279,0:27:53.639
by whoever engineered the coffee maker. Like,[br]it was

0:27:53.639,0:27:55.190
probably not done by the guy who designed[br]the

0:27:55.190,0:27:56.669
outside of the coffee maker. It was done by

0:27:56.669,0:27:58.519
the guy who designed the inside of the coffee

0:27:58.519,0:27:59.460
maker.

0:27:59.460,0:28:02.509
But he's avoided a very basic kind of user

0:28:02.509,0:28:05.570
error. So let's, let's do a, let's do a

0:28:05.570,0:28:06.570
feature comparison here.

0:28:06.570,0:28:10.730
This coffee maker was $200. This coffee maker's[br]#35.

0:28:10.730,0:28:15.649
This coffee maker has a one-button self-destruct,[br]right.

0:28:15.649,0:28:19.860
This has a one-tab coffee saver.

0:28:19.860,0:28:20.970
This thing's got a thermal carafe.

0:28:20.970,0:28:22.039
This thing's what I like to call a visual

0:28:22.039,0:28:25.950
quantity indicator. That means, that means[br]you can see

0:28:25.950,0:28:27.429
how much coffee is in it, which is a

0:28:27.429,0:28:29.090
whole other thing.

0:28:29.090,0:28:31.769
All right, design is the decision making in[br]the

0:28:31.769,0:28:34.720
presence of constraint. You give somebody[br]$200 and you

0:28:34.720,0:28:36.629
want a coffee maker with this giant list of

0:28:36.629,0:28:40.250
features, versus a #35 with, with like way[br]less

0:28:40.250,0:28:43.309
features. You're, maybe, well the design on[br]the, of

0:28:43.309,0:28:45.700
the later might actually be better. You know,[br]it's

0:28:45.700,0:28:48.740
not. Constraint is not necessarily a bad thing.[br]I

0:28:48.740,0:28:49.639
really like this quote.

0:28:49.639,0:28:51.480
So here's what we're not talking about. I've[br]got

0:28:51.480,0:28:52.960
to speed it up. Here's what we're not talking

0:28:52.960,0:28:54.820
about. We're not talking about button styles[br]or what

0:28:54.820,0:28:57.730
things look like. That's important, but generally[br]speaking we

0:28:57.730,0:28:59.000
know what a button looks like. We know where

0:28:59.000,0:29:01.820
it is. You know, buttons have looked more[br]or

0:29:01.820,0:29:04.080
less the same up until this year.

0:29:04.080,0:29:10.210
So, like, that's, that's decoration. It's[br]ridiculously important, but

0:29:10.210,0:29:11.590
that's not what you'd have to worry about[br]in

0:29:11.590,0:29:14.000
order to have an interaction feel good. And[br]it's

0:29:14.000,0:29:17.090
also. I also just want to say that, like,

0:29:17.090,0:29:20.289
as a designer, I wanted to facilitate good[br]experiences

0:29:20.289,0:29:22.519
and not have them get hurt at the expense,

0:29:22.519,0:29:25.299
or, at the expense of my design preferences.

0:29:25.299,0:29:27.360
So Ancient City Ruby was at this hotel last

0:29:27.360,0:29:29.179
year. This is, or, this year, too. This is

0:29:29.179,0:29:32.539
the Casa Monica Hotel in Saint Augustine.[br]So, beautiful

0:29:32.539,0:29:35.200
on the outside. Absolutely gorgeous. Really[br]nice architecture in

0:29:35.200,0:29:35.610
the whole place.

0:29:35.610,0:29:37.159
We walk into the room, and this is our

0:29:37.159,0:29:41.240
window. All right, so our window is like three

0:29:41.240,0:29:43.389
feet tall. It's this little square window.[br]The room

0:29:43.389,0:29:45.279
is all dim. There's just, if you see up

0:29:45.279,0:29:46.159
here, there's a little plaque. This is what[br]the

0:29:46.159,0:29:47.240
plaque says.

0:29:47.240,0:29:51.129
These uniquely shaped and placed windows,[br]blah blah blah.

0:29:51.129,0:29:53.019
As to why some windows are regularly shaped[br]and

0:29:53.019,0:29:54.830
low to the floor is known only to Franklin

0:29:54.830,0:29:59.529
Smith, who is the, he was the amateur architect

0:29:59.529,0:30:01.539
that designed this building. So he was really[br]into

0:30:01.539,0:30:03.139
the outside of the building and not so much

0:30:03.139,0:30:05.389
the inside, at the expense of his users, I

0:30:05.389,0:30:06.429
should say.

0:30:06.429,0:30:09.019
Here's something that's actually well-designed,[br]but it's not well-decorated.

0:30:09.019,0:30:11.379
So this is the hotel receipt, or. Hotel receipt?

0:30:11.379,0:30:15.850
Or, the parking receipt at the airport. It's[br]ugly,

0:30:15.850,0:30:17.679
you know. I would like to redesign it from

0:30:17.679,0:30:21.990
a decorative sense. But the actual fundamental[br]design of

0:30:21.990,0:30:24.129
it is actually all right. Because it's probably[br]really

0:30:24.129,0:30:26.379
low-cost to print these things, like, that's[br]like nine

0:30:26.379,0:30:29.279
lines of dot matrix, right. So there's probably[br]a

0:30:29.279,0:30:31.919
lot of money saved just in terms of the

0:30:31.919,0:30:33.860
complexity of the hardware and things like[br]that.

0:30:33.860,0:30:36.289
And here's the, here's the thing you put it

0:30:36.289,0:30:40.279
in. This thing, also really ugly. But, it[br]performs

0:30:40.279,0:30:42.490
great. There's one slot. You put your ticket[br]in.

0:30:42.490,0:30:44.830
You put your card in after your ticket. It

0:30:44.830,0:30:47.350
spits out your card and your receipt. So there's

0:30:47.350,0:30:48.879
almost no way to screw this up. They actually

0:30:48.879,0:30:52.409
have instructions. It says insert ticket.[br]Insert credit card.

0:30:52.409,0:30:54.480
Take credit card. Take receipt. You almost[br]don't need

0:30:54.480,0:30:57.149
instructions for that, but I appreciate it.

0:30:57.149,0:30:59.590
It's well, it's not pretty. It's not well-decorated.[br]But

0:30:59.590,0:31:03.720
it's well-designed and that is solving the[br]right problem.

0:31:03.720,0:31:06.919
Good design solves the right problem. So this,[br]when

0:31:06.919,0:31:08.279
we come back to things like this, we look

0:31:08.279,0:31:12.929
at the, the microwave. Why? Like, why did[br]this

0:31:12.929,0:31:14.870
end up like this? And I, I really think

0:31:14.870,0:31:17.009
that it's because microwaves are not designed[br]the way

0:31:17.009,0:31:18.769
we design soft- or, hopefully not designed[br]the way

0:31:18.769,0:31:21.669
we design software. And, like, this industry[br]doesn't necessarily

0:31:21.669,0:31:23.779
work the same way we do. And I think

0:31:23.779,0:31:27.220
that the process can have all the influence[br]in

0:31:27.220,0:31:28.929
defining the product.

0:31:28.929,0:31:32.210
So, with that said, let's design a microwave[br]the

0:31:32.210,0:31:34.639
way we would design a product really quick[br]here.

0:31:34.639,0:31:37.639
So, I want to design to solve a problem.

0:31:37.639,0:31:39.980
I want to design it feature by feature, to

0:31:39.980,0:31:42.019
justify the most important stuff that you[br]would need

0:31:42.019,0:31:43.110
to have a microwave work well.

0:31:43.110,0:31:45.590
So let's start with a clean slate. So the

0:31:45.590,0:31:47.159
first thing I'm gonna need on my microwave,[br]is

0:31:47.159,0:31:49.070
I'm gonna need to know how much time, cause

0:31:49.070,0:31:50.799
the microwave counts down, and I'm gonna need[br]to

0:31:50.799,0:31:53.370
know I'm gonna be able to start and stop

0:31:53.370,0:31:53.690
it.

0:31:53.690,0:31:55.889
So that's the first thing we'll need. Well,[br]I

0:31:55.889,0:31:57.249
need to be able to increment and decrement[br]the

0:31:57.249,0:32:01.539
time. So let's do that. I probably don't have

0:32:01.539,0:32:04.759
a use case for less than ten second increments

0:32:04.759,0:32:08.450
for cooking something. So that seems reasonable.

0:32:08.450,0:32:10.259
I do have a use case for, like, defrosting

0:32:10.259,0:32:10.799
or something like that, where I might have[br]to

0:32:10.799,0:32:13.629
hammer that button a bunch of times. So let's

0:32:13.629,0:32:15.929
add minute selectors as well, so we can go

0:32:15.929,0:32:18.620
up to, you know, five minutes relatively quickly,[br]with

0:32:18.620,0:32:21.269
very little fuss. It makes sense immediately.

0:32:21.269,0:32:24.309
And I also need to adjust the power level.

0:32:24.309,0:32:26.940
Well, let's do that too. Let's use our existing

0:32:26.940,0:32:30.499
design metaphor. Let's use our existing design[br]language, and

0:32:30.499,0:32:33.970
we'll put a power selector right there. And[br]that's

0:32:33.970,0:32:35.120
it.

0:32:35.120,0:32:39.049
So, what we've done is we've, we've followed[br]user

0:32:39.049,0:32:42.309
needs and we've followed specific feature[br]needs. We've avoided

0:32:42.309,0:32:47.820
inconsistency. We've avoided confusion. We've[br]also avoided modes. So,

0:32:47.820,0:32:50.220
hypothetically, if you were to design something[br]that, that,

0:32:50.220,0:32:52.649
that backed this up, hardware wise, you should[br]be

0:32:52.649,0:32:54.629
able to just change power on the fly. I

0:32:54.629,0:32:56.210
mean, maybe there's something I don't know[br]about microwaves

0:32:56.210,0:32:57.230
where you can't do that and you wouldn't be

0:32:57.230,0:32:59.440
able to use those buttons, but as far as

0:32:59.440,0:33:02.230
I know, there is no, like, there's no secret

0:33:02.230,0:33:04.850
sequence of events to set time and power and

0:33:04.850,0:33:07.249
start. You should just be able to do it.

0:33:07.249,0:33:08.700
So that's the kind of thing that we could

0:33:08.700,0:33:12.590
do instead. And, so this talk is about, I

0:33:12.590,0:33:14.690
mean. Hopefully at this point you know what[br]this

0:33:14.690,0:33:17.190
talk is about. But, we need, we need to

0:33:17.190,0:33:18.440
look at things, and we need to look at

0:33:18.440,0:33:20.409
the interactions around us and we need to[br]learn

0:33:20.409,0:33:22.999
from them, even if they don't apply to our,

0:33:22.999,0:33:25.370
even if they're not software based.

0:33:25.370,0:33:27.970
Because the way that you design something[br]in the,

0:33:27.970,0:33:29.590
fundamentally, like the way you think about[br]it and

0:33:29.590,0:33:30.929
the way you think about your users is gonna

0:33:30.929,0:33:33.700
affect the final product every step of the[br]way.

0:33:33.700,0:33:36.440
And I feel like that's some, that's our obligation.

0:33:36.440,0:33:38.289
We can show people that we value their experiences

0:33:38.289,0:33:40.529
top to bottom and that we're constantly thinking[br]about

0:33:40.529,0:33:43.129
how to solve problems, ease friction, remove[br]barriers, and

0:33:43.129,0:33:45.889
serve them in world-class ways. And we have[br]a

0:33:45.889,0:33:49.350
huge opportunity to change someone's expectations.

0:33:49.350,0:33:50.490
So what I want you guys to do is

0:33:50.490,0:33:53.389
discover the interactions around you, no matter[br]what they

0:33:53.389,0:33:56.070
are. Respect your user's intuition, language,[br]and their sense

0:33:56.070,0:33:58.990
of place, those basic, fundamentals of understanding[br]where those

0:33:58.990,0:34:01.820
things can go wrong. And I really do think

0:34:01.820,0:34:04.539
that interactions are for everyone. This isn't[br]just design

0:34:04.539,0:34:06.799
stuff. This isn't, this isn't based on some[br]science

0:34:06.799,0:34:09.210
that you don't know. There's a certain level[br]of

0:34:09.210,0:34:13.080
awareness and a certain level of active experiencing[br]of

0:34:13.080,0:34:15.570
interactions that I think apply to anybody[br]in our

0:34:15.570,0:34:16.168
field.

0:34:16.168,0:34:23.168
So, that's all I got. Thanks a lot guys.