WEBVTT 00:00:00.870 --> 00:00:05.190 June 29, 2016. 00:00:07.150 --> 00:00:09.002 My dear fellow citizen: 00:00:10.775 --> 00:00:13.076 I write to you today, 00:00:14.393 --> 00:00:17.949 to you who have lost in this era. 00:00:19.708 --> 00:00:23.551 At this moment in our common life, 00:00:23.950 --> 00:00:25.820 when the world is full of breaking 00:00:26.425 --> 00:00:27.695 and spite 00:00:28.239 --> 00:00:29.505 and fear, NOTE Paragraph 00:00:31.385 --> 00:00:33.129 I address this letter 00:00:33.863 --> 00:00:35.644 simply to you, 00:00:36.494 --> 00:00:38.062 even though we both know 00:00:38.086 --> 00:00:42.228 there are many of you behind this "you," 00:00:43.306 --> 00:00:47.024 and many of me behind this "I." NOTE Paragraph 00:00:50.525 --> 00:00:53.081 I write to you because at present, 00:00:54.478 --> 00:00:58.799 this quaking world we share scares me. 00:01:00.819 --> 00:01:02.810 I gather it scares you, too. 00:01:04.618 --> 00:01:07.647 Some of what we fear, I suspect, 00:01:07.671 --> 00:01:09.026 we fear in common. 00:01:10.169 --> 00:01:14.534 But much of what we fear seems to be each other. 00:01:16.736 --> 00:01:19.656 You fear the world I want to live in, 00:01:20.529 --> 00:01:24.417 and I fear your visions in turn. NOTE Paragraph 00:01:25.673 --> 00:01:30.446 Do you know that feeling you get when you know it's going to storm 00:01:30.470 --> 00:01:32.017 before it storms? 00:01:34.001 --> 00:01:36.469 Do you also feel that now, 00:01:37.276 --> 00:01:38.516 fellow citizen? 00:01:40.435 --> 00:01:43.157 That malaise and worry 00:01:44.181 --> 00:01:45.770 that some who know 00:01:47.517 --> 00:01:50.183 feel reminds them of the 1930s? NOTE Paragraph 00:01:51.878 --> 00:01:53.747 Perhaps you don't, 00:01:54.493 --> 00:01:56.400 because our fears of each other 00:01:56.424 --> 00:01:57.943 are not in sync. 00:01:59.325 --> 00:02:02.801 In this round, I sense that your fears of me, 00:02:03.655 --> 00:02:07.007 of the world that I have insisted is right for us both, 00:02:08.856 --> 00:02:10.686 has gathered over a generation. 00:02:12.017 --> 00:02:16.136 It took time for your fears to trigger my fears, 00:02:16.868 --> 00:02:19.626 not least because at first, 00:02:19.666 --> 00:02:22.355 I never thought I needed to fear you. NOTE Paragraph 00:02:24.882 --> 00:02:26.219 I heard you 00:02:27.737 --> 00:02:29.070 but did not listen, 00:02:29.731 --> 00:02:34.728 all these years when you said that this amazing new world 00:02:36.204 --> 00:02:37.754 wasn't amazing for you, 00:02:38.879 --> 00:02:40.483 for many of you, 00:02:40.507 --> 00:02:43.030 across the industrialized world; 00:02:43.918 --> 00:02:46.739 that the open, liquid world I relished, 00:02:46.763 --> 00:02:51.066 of people and goods and technologies flowing freely, 00:02:51.090 --> 00:02:53.530 going where they pleased, globally, 00:02:55.019 --> 00:02:59.279 was not, for you, an emancipation. NOTE Paragraph 00:03:01.453 --> 00:03:03.894 I have walked through your towns 00:03:05.442 --> 00:03:09.182 and, while looking, failed to see. 00:03:10.799 --> 00:03:14.730 I did notice in Stephenville, Texas, 00:03:15.791 --> 00:03:18.098 that the town square was dominated 00:03:18.122 --> 00:03:21.365 by one lawyer's office after another, 00:03:22.394 --> 00:03:25.395 because of all the people rotating in and out of the prison. 00:03:26.224 --> 00:03:30.302 I did notice the barren shops in Wagner, South Dakota, 00:03:31.925 --> 00:03:35.403 and the VFW gathering hall 00:03:36.314 --> 00:03:38.106 that stood in mockery 00:03:38.934 --> 00:03:41.725 of a community's dream to endure. 00:03:43.352 --> 00:03:44.566 I did notice 00:03:45.323 --> 00:03:48.748 at the Lancaster, Pennsylvania Wal-Mart, 00:03:49.445 --> 00:03:53.804 that far too many people in their 20s and 30s 00:03:53.828 --> 00:03:56.335 looked a decade or two from death, 00:03:57.295 --> 00:03:59.641 with patchy, flared-up skin 00:03:59.665 --> 00:04:02.141 and thinning, stringy hair 00:04:02.165 --> 00:04:03.817 and browning, ground-down teeth 00:04:03.841 --> 00:04:07.102 and a lostness in their eyes. NOTE Paragraph 00:04:08.160 --> 00:04:12.770 I did notice that the young people I encountered in Paris, 00:04:12.794 --> 00:04:14.745 in Florence, in Barcelona, 00:04:14.769 --> 00:04:18.279 had degrees but no place to take them, 00:04:19.712 --> 00:04:22.676 living on internships well into their 30s, 00:04:23.693 --> 00:04:26.589 their lives prevented from launching, 00:04:27.868 --> 00:04:30.614 because of an economy that creates wealth -- 00:04:31.409 --> 00:04:32.748 just not jobs. 00:04:33.836 --> 00:04:40.138 I did notice the news about those parts of London becoming ghost quarters, 00:04:41.025 --> 00:04:46.693 where the global super-rich turn fishy money into empty apartments 00:04:47.962 --> 00:04:52.064 and price lifelong residents of a city, young couples starting out, 00:04:52.088 --> 00:04:53.803 out of their own home. NOTE Paragraph 00:04:56.332 --> 00:04:59.253 And I heard that the fabric of your life 00:04:59.277 --> 00:05:00.522 was tearing. 00:05:01.574 --> 00:05:03.978 You used to be able to count on work, 00:05:04.840 --> 00:05:06.169 and now you couldn't. 00:05:06.977 --> 00:05:09.817 You used to be able to nourish your children, 00:05:11.079 --> 00:05:13.420 and guarantee that they would climb 00:05:14.052 --> 00:05:17.978 a little bit further in life than you had, 00:05:18.002 --> 00:05:19.295 and now you couldn't. 00:05:20.374 --> 00:05:25.959 You used to be made to feel dignity in your work, and now you didn't. 00:05:27.795 --> 00:05:31.191 It used to be normal for people like you to own a home, 00:05:32.470 --> 00:05:33.849 and now it wasn't. NOTE Paragraph 00:05:35.286 --> 00:05:37.466 I cannot say 00:05:38.426 --> 00:05:40.217 I didn't know these things, 00:05:41.701 --> 00:05:43.918 but I was distracted 00:05:45.569 --> 00:05:48.987 creating a future in which we could live on Mars, 00:05:51.091 --> 00:05:54.451 even as you struggled down here on Earth. 00:05:56.155 --> 00:05:57.615 I was distracted 00:05:58.455 --> 00:06:00.289 innovating immortality, 00:06:02.519 --> 00:06:07.312 even as many of you began to live shorter lives than your parents had. NOTE Paragraph 00:06:09.301 --> 00:06:12.360 I heard all of these things, but I didn't listen. 00:06:13.528 --> 00:06:14.727 I looked 00:06:15.566 --> 00:06:17.137 but didn't see. 00:06:17.161 --> 00:06:20.286 I read, didn't understand. NOTE Paragraph 00:06:21.370 --> 00:06:22.576 I paid attention 00:06:23.389 --> 00:06:27.261 only when you began to vote and shout, 00:06:28.428 --> 00:06:31.492 and when your voting and shouting, when the substance of it, 00:06:31.516 --> 00:06:33.999 began to threaten me. NOTE Paragraph 00:06:36.235 --> 00:06:41.228 I listened only when you moved toward shattering continental unions 00:06:41.252 --> 00:06:43.513 and electing vulgar demagogues. NOTE Paragraph 00:06:44.704 --> 00:06:48.608 Only then did your pain become of interest 00:06:49.343 --> 00:06:50.508 to me. NOTE Paragraph 00:06:52.317 --> 00:06:54.271 I know that feeling hurt 00:06:54.295 --> 00:06:57.588 is often prologue to dealing hurt. 00:06:59.664 --> 00:07:01.044 I wonder now 00:07:02.408 --> 00:07:04.686 if you would be less eager to deal it 00:07:05.438 --> 00:07:07.378 if I had stood with you 00:07:07.402 --> 00:07:09.686 when you merely felt it. NOTE Paragraph 00:07:11.313 --> 00:07:12.590 I ask myself 00:07:13.355 --> 00:07:15.448 why I didn't stand with you then. NOTE Paragraph 00:07:16.874 --> 00:07:20.251 One reason is that I became entranced 00:07:20.275 --> 00:07:22.364 by the gurus of change, 00:07:23.187 --> 00:07:27.522 became a worshiper of the religion of the new for novelty's sake, 00:07:27.546 --> 00:07:29.699 and of globalization and open borders 00:07:29.723 --> 00:07:32.660 and kaleidoscopic diversity. NOTE Paragraph 00:07:34.928 --> 00:07:38.836 Once change became my totalizing faith, 00:07:40.415 --> 00:07:41.817 I could be blind. 00:07:43.143 --> 00:07:46.677 I could fail to see change's consequences. 00:07:47.866 --> 00:07:49.803 I could overlook the importance 00:07:49.827 --> 00:07:52.929 of roots, traditions, rituals, stability -- 00:07:52.953 --> 00:07:54.296 and belonging. NOTE Paragraph 00:07:55.501 --> 00:07:58.816 And the more fundamentalist I became 00:07:58.840 --> 00:08:02.582 in my worship of change and openness, 00:08:04.090 --> 00:08:07.320 the more I drove you towards the other polarity, 00:08:08.074 --> 00:08:09.234 to cling, 00:08:09.632 --> 00:08:10.789 to freeze, 00:08:11.277 --> 00:08:12.448 to close, 00:08:13.100 --> 00:08:14.259 to belong. NOTE Paragraph 00:08:16.138 --> 00:08:18.854 I now see as I didn't before 00:08:18.878 --> 00:08:22.819 that not having the right skin or right organ 00:08:22.843 --> 00:08:26.766 is not the only varietal of disadvantage. 00:08:27.722 --> 00:08:31.312 There is a subtler, quieter disadvantage 00:08:31.336 --> 00:08:34.651 in having those privileged traits 00:08:34.675 --> 00:08:39.058 and yet feeling history to be moving away from you; 00:08:39.082 --> 00:08:42.475 that while the past was hospitable to people like you, 00:08:42.499 --> 00:08:44.897 the future will be more hospitable 00:08:44.921 --> 00:08:46.314 to others; 00:08:46.338 --> 00:08:48.791 that the world is growing less familiar, 00:08:48.815 --> 00:08:51.681 less yours day by day. NOTE Paragraph 00:08:53.865 --> 00:08:59.547 I will not concede for a moment that old privileges should not dwindle. 00:09:00.055 --> 00:09:02.801 They cannot dwindle fast enough. 00:09:03.785 --> 00:09:07.285 It is for you to learn to live in a new century in which 00:09:07.310 --> 00:09:12.134 there are no bonuses for showing up with the right skin and right organs. 00:09:13.277 --> 00:09:15.704 If and when your anger turns to hate, 00:09:15.729 --> 00:09:19.959 please know that there is no space for that in our shared home. 00:09:21.642 --> 00:09:24.990 But I will admit, fellow citizen, 00:09:26.140 --> 00:09:31.679 that I have discounted the burden of coping with the loss of status. 00:09:32.163 --> 00:09:33.932 I have forgotten 00:09:33.957 --> 00:09:38.702 that what is socially necessary can also be personally gruelling. NOTE Paragraph 00:09:40.919 --> 00:09:42.424 A similar thing happened 00:09:43.217 --> 00:09:46.841 with the economy that you and I share. 00:09:48.191 --> 00:09:50.623 Just as I cannot and don't wish 00:09:50.647 --> 00:09:54.274 to turn back to the clock on equality and diversity, 00:09:54.298 --> 00:09:56.627 and yet must understand 00:09:56.651 --> 00:09:59.417 the sense of loss they can inspire, 00:10:01.027 --> 00:10:05.185 so, too, I refuse and could not if I wished 00:10:05.970 --> 00:10:10.111 turn back the clock on an ever more closely knit, interdependent world, 00:10:10.135 --> 00:10:13.525 and on inventions that won't stop being invented. 00:10:14.520 --> 00:10:19.754 And yet I must understand your experience of these things. NOTE Paragraph 00:10:21.032 --> 00:10:24.451 You have for years been telling me that your experience of these things 00:10:24.475 --> 00:10:27.617 is not as good as my theories forecast. NOTE Paragraph 00:10:28.528 --> 00:10:32.386 Yet before you could finish a complaining sentence 00:10:34.116 --> 00:10:39.604 about the difficulty of living with erratic hours, volatile pay, 00:10:39.628 --> 00:10:41.254 vanishing opportunities, 00:10:41.278 --> 00:10:45.536 about the pain of dropping your children off at 24-hour day care 00:10:45.560 --> 00:10:47.323 to make your 3am shift, 00:10:48.319 --> 00:10:52.232 I shot back at you -- before you could finish your sentence -- 00:10:52.256 --> 00:10:53.598 my dogma, 00:10:53.622 --> 00:10:58.052 about how what you are actually experiencing was flexibility 00:10:58.794 --> 00:11:00.080 and freedom. NOTE Paragraph 00:11:02.591 --> 00:11:07.162 Language is one of the only things that we truly share, 00:11:08.549 --> 00:11:12.028 and I sometimes used this joint inheritance 00:11:12.052 --> 00:11:13.263 to obfuscate 00:11:13.821 --> 00:11:15.025 and deflect 00:11:15.479 --> 00:11:16.995 and justify myself; 00:11:17.933 --> 00:11:19.813 to re-brand what was good for me 00:11:19.837 --> 00:11:22.629 as something appearing good for us both, 00:11:23.324 --> 00:11:27.310 when I threw around terms like "the sharing economy," 00:11:28.135 --> 00:11:29.310 and "disruption" 00:11:29.845 --> 00:11:31.690 and "global resourcing." NOTE Paragraph 00:11:33.224 --> 00:11:35.595 I see now that what I was really doing, 00:11:36.229 --> 00:11:37.475 at times, 00:11:37.894 --> 00:11:40.998 was buying your pain on the cheap, 00:11:41.892 --> 00:11:43.104 sprucing it up 00:11:43.772 --> 00:11:45.744 and trying to sell it back to you 00:11:46.244 --> 00:11:47.450 as freedom. NOTE Paragraph 00:11:49.712 --> 00:11:52.971 I have wanted to believe and wanted you to believe 00:11:55.683 --> 00:11:57.792 that the system that has been good to me, 00:11:57.816 --> 00:12:00.489 that has made my life ever more seamless, 00:12:01.229 --> 00:12:04.124 is also the best system for you. NOTE Paragraph 00:12:05.544 --> 00:12:07.805 I have condescended to you 00:12:07.829 --> 00:12:11.725 with the idea that you are voting against your economic interests -- 00:12:12.207 --> 00:12:13.995 voting against your interests, 00:12:15.621 --> 00:12:18.844 as if I know your interests. 00:12:20.296 --> 00:12:24.613 That is just my dogmatic economism talking. 00:12:25.723 --> 00:12:27.500 I have a weakness 00:12:27.524 --> 00:12:32.909 for treating people's economic interests as their only interest, 00:12:32.933 --> 00:12:36.457 ignoring things like belonging and pride 00:12:36.481 --> 00:12:40.255 and the desire to send a message to those who ignore you. NOTE Paragraph 00:12:40.688 --> 00:12:43.419 So here we are, 00:12:44.243 --> 00:12:48.869 in a scary but not inexplicable moment 00:12:49.507 --> 00:12:51.830 of demagoguery, fracture, 00:12:52.481 --> 00:12:56.367 xenophobia, resentment and fear. NOTE Paragraph 00:12:57.628 --> 00:13:01.658 And I worry for us both if we continue down this road, 00:13:02.358 --> 00:13:03.754 me not listening, 00:13:04.305 --> 00:13:06.156 you feeling unheard, 00:13:06.180 --> 00:13:08.729 you shouting to get me to listen. NOTE Paragraph 00:13:10.779 --> 00:13:14.230 I worry when each of us is seduced by visions of the future 00:13:14.254 --> 00:13:16.914 that have no place for the other. NOTE Paragraph 00:13:17.731 --> 00:13:19.819 If this goes on, 00:13:21.655 --> 00:13:23.030 if this goes on, 00:13:24.053 --> 00:13:25.532 there may be blood. 00:13:27.290 --> 00:13:29.975 There are already hints of this blood 00:13:30.915 --> 00:13:32.255 in newspapers every day. 00:13:32.967 --> 00:13:35.552 There may be roundups, raids, 00:13:35.586 --> 00:13:38.661 deportations, camps, secessions. 00:13:39.494 --> 00:13:42.415 And no, I do not think that I exaggerate. 00:13:44.236 --> 00:13:46.157 There may be even talk of war 00:13:46.181 --> 00:13:49.731 in places that were certain they were done with it. NOTE Paragraph 00:13:51.483 --> 00:13:55.229 There is always the hope of redemption. 00:13:55.764 --> 00:13:59.042 But it will not be a cheap, shallow redemption 00:13:59.066 --> 00:14:02.737 that comes through blather about us all being in it together. 00:14:03.312 --> 00:14:05.168 This will take more. NOTE Paragraph 00:14:06.396 --> 00:14:11.588 It will take accepting that we both made choices to be here. NOTE Paragraph 00:14:13.863 --> 00:14:16.966 We create our "others." 00:14:17.975 --> 00:14:21.655 As parents, as neighbors, as citizens, 00:14:22.503 --> 00:14:26.834 we witness and sometimes ignore each other 00:14:26.858 --> 00:14:28.098 into being. NOTE Paragraph 00:14:29.268 --> 00:14:32.318 You were not born vengeful. 00:14:33.339 --> 00:14:35.346 I have some role 00:14:35.370 --> 00:14:38.871 in whatever thirst you now feel for revenge, 00:14:39.685 --> 00:14:41.598 and that thirst now tempts me 00:14:41.622 --> 00:14:44.140 to plot ever more elaborate escapes 00:14:44.164 --> 00:14:46.083 from our common life, 00:14:46.107 --> 00:14:47.976 from the schools and neighborhoods 00:14:48.000 --> 00:14:49.931 and airports and amusement parks 00:14:49.955 --> 00:14:51.596 that we used to share. NOTE Paragraph 00:14:53.659 --> 00:14:56.647 We face, then, 00:14:56.671 --> 00:15:00.445 a problem not of these large, impersonal forces. 00:15:02.366 --> 00:15:06.518 We face a problem of your and my relations. 00:15:07.815 --> 00:15:10.953 We chose ways of relating to each other 00:15:12.345 --> 00:15:13.496 that got us here. 00:15:13.896 --> 00:15:16.645 We can choose ways of relating 00:15:16.669 --> 00:15:18.275 that get us out. NOTE Paragraph 00:15:19.361 --> 00:15:22.630 But there are things we might have to let go of, 00:15:23.418 --> 00:15:24.599 fellow citizen, 00:15:25.674 --> 00:15:31.280 starting with our own cherished versions of reality. NOTE Paragraph 00:15:33.035 --> 00:15:36.904 Imagine if you let go of fantasies 00:15:36.928 --> 00:15:40.786 of a society purged of these or those people. 00:15:41.561 --> 00:15:45.214 Imagine if I let go of my habit 00:15:45.755 --> 00:15:48.825 of saving the world behind your back, 00:15:49.833 --> 00:15:51.230 of deliberating on the future 00:15:51.254 --> 00:15:52.729 of your work, 00:15:53.260 --> 00:15:54.506 your food, 00:15:54.530 --> 00:15:56.000 your schools, 00:15:56.024 --> 00:15:59.034 in places where you couldn't get past security. NOTE Paragraph 00:16:00.386 --> 00:16:04.732 We can do this only if we first accept 00:16:05.347 --> 00:16:07.990 that we have neglected each other. 00:16:09.971 --> 00:16:13.185 If there is hope to summon 00:16:13.930 --> 00:16:15.280 in this ominous hour, 00:16:16.202 --> 00:16:17.393 it is this. 00:16:18.870 --> 00:16:20.572 We have, for too long, 00:16:21.547 --> 00:16:24.916 chased various shimmering dreams 00:16:25.818 --> 00:16:31.682 at the cost of attention to the foundational dream of each other, 00:16:33.101 --> 00:16:35.669 the dream of tending to each other, 00:16:35.693 --> 00:16:38.556 of unleashing each other's wonders, 00:16:38.580 --> 00:16:41.125 of moving through history together. 00:16:42.046 --> 00:16:46.315 We could dare to commit to the dream of each other 00:16:47.009 --> 00:16:51.716 as the thing that matters before every neon thing. NOTE Paragraph 00:16:52.476 --> 00:16:53.958 Let us dare. NOTE Paragraph 00:16:54.467 --> 00:16:55.627 Sincerely yours, NOTE Paragraph 00:16:56.067 --> 00:16:57.243 a fellow citizen. NOTE Paragraph 00:16:57.683 --> 00:17:03.308 (Applause)