0:00:16.441,0:00:30.573 Mizaan- Javed Ahmad Ghamidi 0:00:30.573,0:00:39.503 The Social Shariah,[br]Part- 46 0:00:39.503,0:00:44.021 All praise is due to Almighty Allah,[br]And may the peace and blessings of 0:00:44.021,0:00:48.516 Almighty Allah be upon his trustworthy[br]Prophet Muhammad (pbuh), 0:00:48.516,0:00:50.520 I seek refuge with Allah from the[br]accursed Satan, 0:00:50.520,0:00:54.012 In the name of Allah,[br]most gracious and merciful. 0:00:54.012,0:00:59.522 Ladies and Gentlemen, In 'Mizaan', Part 2,[br]we are discussing Social Shariah. 0:00:59.522,0:01:04.578 This is the second part[br]of this series. 0:01:04.578,0:01:08.528 This matter is clear from every [br]aspect that, 0:01:08.528,0:01:15.044 the Shariah of Islam has established[br]marriage as the foundation of society. 0:01:15.044,0:01:23.484 As a result of this, the most significant,[br]valuable and divine relationship on earth 0:01:23.484,0:01:26.567 is the relationship of parents. 0:01:26.567,0:01:33.531 How we should behave with our parents,[br]ethically speaking, 0:01:33.531,0:01:39.544 has already been discussed in the chapter[br]on morality. 0:01:39.544,0:01:46.540 Here, certain legal aspects of this will [br]be understood. 0:01:46.540,0:01:53.547 I have made the 14th and 15th verse of[br]Surah Luqmaan as the introduction 0:01:53.547,0:01:58.564 to this topic. Surah Luqmaan is[br]the Quran's 31st Surah. 0:01:58.564,0:02:04.531 Wa wassainal insaana bi waalidaihi [br]hamalat hu ummuhoo wahnan ‘alaa 0:02:04.531,0:02:11.520 wahninw wa fisaaluhoo fee ‘aamaini [br]anishkur lee wa liwaalidaika 0:02:11.520,0:02:18.500 ilaiyal maseer Wa in jaahadaaka ‘alaaa an[br]tushrika bee maa laisa laka bihee ‘ilmun 0:02:18.500,0:02:23.496 falaa tuti’humaa wa saahib humaa [br]fid dunyaa ma’roofanw 0:02:23.496,0:02:29.511 wattabi’ sabeela man anaaba ilayy; [br]summa ilaiya marji’ukum fa unabbi’ukum 0:02:29.511,0:02:37.054 bimaa kuntum ta’maloon. 0:02:37.054,0:02:38.497 It has been translated as: 0:02:38.497,0:02:44.510 And We enjoined man to show [br]kindness to his parents, 0:02:44.510,0:02:50.514 with much pain his mother bears him [br]and he is not weaned before 0:02:50.514,0:03:01.518 he is two years of age. We advised him,[br]be grateful to Me and to your parents. 0:03:01.518,0:03:07.527 To Me shall all things return.[br]But if they press you to serve besides Me, 0:03:07.527,0:03:13.489 that of which you have no knowledge, [br]do not obey them. 0:03:13.489,0:03:23.535 Remain kind to them in this world, [br]and turn to Me with all devotion. 0:03:23.535,0:03:32.493 To Me you shall all return, and I will [br]declare to you everything you have done. 0:03:32.493,0:03:38.514 I have written that all divine [br]revelations instruct man to show kindness 0:03:38.514,0:03:45.533 to their parents.[br]i.e., In Islam, being kind to parents 0:03:45.533,0:03:50.492 has always been the utmost standard [br]of ethical behavior. 0:03:50.492,0:03:53.500 No one should be worshiped besides Allah, 0:03:53.500,0:03:57.062 and parents should be treated with[br]kindness. 0:03:57.062,0:04:01.548 These are the most important commands[br]in the religion of Islam. 0:04:01.548,0:04:05.535 Therefore, all messengers have[br]instructed the same. 0:04:05.535,0:04:10.025 All divine scriptures have also [br]emphasized it. 0:04:10.025,0:04:15.510 All divine scriptures instruct man to [br]show kindness to the parents. 0:04:15.510,0:04:18.130 Various verses of the Qur’ān also [br]direct the believers, 0:04:18.130,0:04:19.527 to be kind to their parents. 0:04:19.527,0:04:23.520 In the 23rd and 24th verse of the[br]Surah Bani Israel, 0:04:23.520,0:04:25.504 the 8th verse of [br]Surah Ankabut, 0:04:25.504,0:04:29.480 and the 15th verse of Surah Ahqaf,[br]this topic is stated in these verses 0:04:29.480,0:04:32.019 by using the same terms [br]approximately speaking. 0:04:32.019,0:04:36.525 The verse which i have used as the[br]introduction to the topic of 0:04:36.525,0:04:39.534 directives relating to parents,[br]that verse is the 14th and 0:04:39.534,0:04:40.962 15th verse of Surah Luqman. 0:04:40.962,0:04:47.494 These verses have also more or less[br]emphasized the same thing in similar words 0:04:47.494,0:04:53.513 The above quoted verses however [br]specifically determine the limits of 0:04:53.513,0:04:57.535 good behavior with the parents. 0:04:57.535,0:05:01.546 i.e., as long as the ethical instruction[br]was in consideration. 0:05:01.546,0:05:05.462 a man was enjoined[br]to show kindness to his parents, 0:05:05.462,0:05:07.517 show kindness to your parents, 0:05:07.517,0:05:10.518 and in order to show kindness, 0:05:10.518,0:05:16.494 a man is made aware of what is the role[br]of parents in his upbringing, 0:05:16.494,0:05:22.512 what hardships they go through.[br]And as a child, if you indeed have some 0:05:22.512,0:05:27.527 humanity, what should be your [br]behavior towards your parents. 0:05:27.527,0:05:30.516 With respect to ethics, 0:05:30.516,0:05:35.514 like I said, this topic has been discussed[br]in Surah Bani Israil, Surah Ankabut 0:05:35.514,0:05:37.496 and Surah Ahqaf. 0:05:37.496,0:05:43.556 All of these verses, from an ethical [br]point of view, have stated the importance 0:05:43.556,0:05:49.493 of this, and narrate Almighty Allah's [br]instructions, warn people, 0:05:49.493,0:05:51.496 and raise awareness among them. 0:05:51.496,0:05:55.526 And the importance of showing[br]kindness, 0:05:55.526,0:05:59.551 to parents which is present in [br]human nature has been mentioned , 0:05:59.551,0:06:01.503 and we are also being reminded of it. 0:06:01.503,0:06:08.558 In the verses of Surah luqman,[br]some limitations have been appointed, 0:06:08.558,0:06:12.543 and this is the difference on the [br]basis of which I have selected these 0:06:12.543,0:06:14.014 verses for this discussion. 0:06:14.014,0:06:16.548 i.e., in case of morality, 0:06:16.548,0:06:23.058 only principles will be under discussion,[br]and in case of laws, the limitations, 0:06:23.058,0:06:28.475 warnings, and terms and conditions[br]are discussed. 0:06:28.475,0:06:30.528 This difference should be considered 0:06:30.528,0:06:34.500 i.e., one being a law which can be passed[br]on state level, 0:06:34.500,0:06:36.515 that has its own limitations, 0:06:36.515,0:06:40.045 but when Almighty Allah states that 0:06:40.045,0:06:42.558 something is shariah and the other[br]is hikmah. 0:06:42.558,0:06:47.522 I have mentioned it earlier and explained [br]with evidences that the whole content 0:06:47.522,0:06:52.542 of Islam, everything included in this [br]religion has been divided into two parts, 0:06:52.542,0:06:56.522 Hikmah which means faith and virtues,[br]that is the true religion, 0:06:56.522,0:07:00.506 and Al-Kitaab i.e., upon which laws [br]are based. 0:07:00.506,0:07:06.506 So, what is the thing that [br]sets law apart? 0:07:06.506,0:07:12.106 The answer is that law is [br]based on ethical values but 0:07:12.106,0:07:15.017 what law does is that it confines it. 0:07:15.017,0:07:17.458 Let's understand this by using [br]an example. 0:07:17.458,0:07:22.523 The Quran has mentioned it in many [br]instances that adultery is a great sin. 0:07:22.523,0:07:25.504 People are told 'la taqrabuz-zina',[br]do not even go close to it. 0:07:25.504,0:07:29.471 This is a moral instruction,[br]a fundamental principle, 0:07:29.471,0:07:32.555 it is the foundation that withstands [br]the religion of Islam. 0:07:32.555,0:07:37.539 But when Quran states in Surah Nur [br]that the sinner will be punished 0:07:37.539,0:07:41.504 for his acts in a certain way,[br]or be dealt with in a particular manner, 0:07:41.504,0:07:45.559 it will be a part of the law or shariah. 0:07:45.559,0:07:49.520 I have contemplated this difference[br]in the entire book, 0:07:49.520,0:07:53.508 that what things should[br]be discussed under the rubric of ethics, 0:07:53.508,0:07:55.983 and they have been discussed under[br]the same. 0:07:55.983,0:07:59.510 Therefore, showing kindness to parents[br]has also been discussed, 0:07:59.510,0:08:01.509 in terms of moral values in that part. 0:08:01.509,0:08:05.503 Here, some of its limitations are [br]discussed, 0:08:05.503,0:08:09.468 and that is the reason i haven't [br]spoken about it under that topic, 0:08:09.468,0:08:11.511 I have included it here, 0:08:11.511,0:08:15.001 i.e., in the series of law, which is in[br]Al-Kitaab. 0:08:15.001,0:08:19.469 This has been mentioned in the second[br]part of Mizaan, which is social shariah, 0:08:19.469,0:08:23.484 for which I was giving this [br]explanation. 0:08:23.484,0:08:28.484 The above quoted verses however [br]specifically determine the limits of 0:08:28.484,0:08:32.557 good behavior with the parents. 0:08:32.557,0:08:36.052 The details of this directive as stated [br]in these verses are: 0:08:36.052,0:08:40.992 i.e., the verses mentioned above from[br]Surah Luqman, the 14th and 15th verse, 0:08:40.992,0:08:43.523 their translation has already [br]been mentioned, 0:08:43.523,0:08:46.519 the limitations which has been fixed[br]in those verses, 0:08:46.519,0:08:50.034 now I'm going to discuss them [br]in the manner of laws. 0:08:50.034,0:08:53.467 The details of this directive as stated [br]in these verses are: 0:08:53.467,0:08:57.551 1. It is the parents who bring into [br]existence a new life and 0:08:57.551,0:08:59.556 become the means to nourish it. 0:08:59.556,0:09:01.553 It is an indisputable fact. 0:09:01.553,0:09:06.465 No doubt, the care and affection [br]of the father is quite a lot, 0:09:06.465,0:09:09.623 however the hardships a mother [br]encounters in bringing up the child 0:09:09.623,0:09:13.519 starting from her pregnancy, [br]to childbirth and then breast-feeding 0:09:13.519,0:09:16.534 the child are unmatched and [br]no child can repay her 0:09:16.534,0:09:18.032 for this great service. 0:09:18.032,0:09:19.492 i.e., in these three stages, 0:09:19.492,0:09:21.541 from pregnancy to childbirth, 0:09:21.541,0:09:25.499 a mother braves through a life & death[br]kind of a situation, 0:09:25.499,0:09:29.522 and then for two or more years she [br]breast feeds the child, 0:09:29.522,0:09:35.496 and even after that she plays a [br]significant role in nurturing the child. 0:09:35.496,0:09:38.523 It is the parents who bring into [br]existence a new life and 0:09:38.523,0:09:41.564 become the means to nourish it. [br]No doubt, the care and affection 0:09:41.564,0:09:45.004 of the father is quite a lot, [br]however the hardships a mother encounters 0:09:45.004,0:09:47.526 in bringing up the child starting from her[br]pregnancy, to childbirth and 0:09:47.526,0:09:50.488 then breast-feeding the child are[br]unmatched and no child can repay her 0:09:50.488,0:09:52.541 for this great service. 0:09:52.541,0:09:57.516 If a person is courteous, and he hasn't[br]contaminated his natural disposition, 0:09:57.516,0:09:59.971 he has not changed for the worse, 0:09:59.971,0:10:04.498 he has not detached himself in the pride[br]of adolescence from the past or present, 0:10:04.498,0:10:09.469 then he would never suggest something[br]different from what has been advised. 0:10:09.469,0:10:13.515 On these very grounds, the Prophet (pbuh)[br]has regarded the right of the mother 0:10:13.515,0:10:16.537 as three times that of the father. 0:10:16.537,0:10:19.512 In the narrations of Sahih Al-Bukhari[br]and Sahih Muslim, 0:10:19.512,0:10:24.489 Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) answered a [br]question in such a way, 0:10:24.489,0:10:28.510 that it was made clear that the rights[br]of the mother far surpass, 0:10:28.510,0:10:30.506 the rights of the father. 0:10:30.506,0:10:35.497 Consequently, the Almighty exhorts man [br]to be the most grateful to his parents 0:10:35.497,0:10:39.504 after his Lord. 0:10:39.504,0:10:42.491 i.e., no doubt you have to be partial[br]towards your mother, 0:10:42.491,0:10:45.510 however both of them[br]should be given their due. 0:10:45.510,0:10:48.506 The care and affection of the father [br]is no less, his role is also significant 0:10:48.506,0:10:49.995 in a child's life. 0:10:49.995,0:10:53.496 He does everything[br]to support his family financially, 0:10:53.496,0:10:58.494 sometimes even starve himself[br]to provide resources for his children. 0:10:58.494,0:11:02.994 Consequently, the Almighty exhorts man [br]to be the most grateful to his parents 0:11:02.994,0:11:06.034 after his Lord. 0:11:06.034,0:11:09.513 This gratitude must not be expressed[br]merely by the tongue. 0:11:09.513,0:11:16.511 Its essential corollary is that it should [br]manifest in good behavior towards them. 0:11:16.511,0:11:21.495 Listen to each and every word of this [br]with attention. 0:11:21.495,0:11:26.562 Its essential corollary i.e., the Quran[br]presented this as the first preposition, 0:11:26.562,0:11:29.524 it begins its argument from here, 0:11:29.524,0:11:33.020 that the most important virtue among[br]people is gratitude. 0:11:33.020,0:11:37.982 There is a narrative which states[br]'man lam yash kurunnasa lam yash kurullah' 0:11:37.982,0:11:44.536 i.e., if a person is ungrateful to[br]to other people who have been kind to him 0:11:44.536,0:11:48.511 in this world, he won't ever be grateful [br]to Allah as well. 0:11:48.511,0:11:54.059 It is known that, philosophically,[br]the foundation of the entire religion 0:11:54.059,0:11:56.515 is based upon the emotion of gratitude. 0:11:56.515,0:12:00.509 i.e., when i look at myself, and when I [br]observe the surrounding world, 0:12:00.509,0:12:03.031 and acknowledge the presence of my Lord, 0:12:03.031,0:12:04.550 gain knowledge about Him, 0:12:04.550,0:12:08.025 and get introduced to Him as [br]the true benefactor, 0:12:08.025,0:12:11.509 for this the feeling of gratitude [br]is manifested in me and, 0:12:11.509,0:12:15.039 this same feeling of gratitude should be[br]towards your parents as instructed 0:12:15.039,0:12:16.499 by the Quran. 0:12:16.499,0:12:21.497 However, everyone should[br]understand, this does not mean that, 0:12:21.497,0:12:25.507 you just say sometimes that i am grateful[br]to my parents, 0:12:25.507,0:12:30.957 it should not be expressed merely in[br]words, 0:12:30.957,0:12:35.490 one should act upon it and behave[br]in a certain manner. 0:12:35.490,0:12:38.486 This gratitude must not be expressed [br]merely by the tongue. 0:12:38.486,0:12:43.491 Its essential corollary is that it should[br]manifest in good behavior towards them. 0:12:43.491,0:12:47.505 He should respect them and [br]never become fed up of them. 0:12:47.505,0:12:51.542 He must not utter a single word[br]of disrespect to them. 0:12:51.542,0:12:57.522 Instead, he should be soft, sympathetic, [br]loving and obedient to them. 0:12:57.522,0:13:01.009 i.e., even if the parent's behavior is bad[br]towards the child, 0:13:01.009,0:13:03.490 or the parent is being unjust to[br]the child, 0:13:03.490,0:13:08.013 the child should be soft, sympathetic,[br]and obedient to them. 0:13:08.013,0:13:09.488 He should listen to them and 0:13:09.488,0:13:13.488 be caring and affectionate to them [br]in the tenderness of old age. 0:13:13.488,0:13:18.523 The parents need their children the most[br]after they have fallen, 0:13:18.523,0:13:22.496 into the tenderness of old age. 0:13:22.496,0:13:27.521 An infirmity manifests in them that makes[br]them act like children. 0:13:27.521,0:13:30.528 So during that time, it is important to [br]take good care of them, 0:13:30.528,0:13:34.518 spend some time with them,[br]be affectionate to them, 0:13:34.518,0:13:42.521 and take their hard work and pains[br]into consideration. 0:13:42.521,0:13:45.468 It has been stated in the [br]Surah Bani Israil: 0:13:45.468,0:13:50.451 Wa qadaa Rabbuka allaa ta'budooo [br]illaaa iyyaahu wa bilwaalidaini ihsaanaa 0:13:50.451,0:13:56.505 immaa yablughanna 'indakal kibara [br]ahaduhumaaa aw kilaahumaa falaa 0:13:56.505,0:14:02.502 taqul lahumaaa uffinw wa laa tanharhumaa [br]wa qullahumaa qawlan kareemaa 0:14:02.502,0:14:07.053 Wakhfid lahumaa janaahaz zulli [br]minar rahmati wa qur Rabbir hamhumaa 0:14:07.053,0:14:12.520 wa qur Rabbir hamhumaa kamaa [br]rabbayaanee sagheera 0:14:12.520,0:14:17.493 Rabbukum a'lamu bimaa fee nufoosikum;[br]in takoonoo saaliheena fa innahoo 0:14:17.493,0:14:21.035 kaana lil awwaabeena Ghafoooraa. 0:14:21.035,0:14:24.019 This is from the 17th Surah, Bani Israil,[br]and above quoted verses are the 0:14:24.019,0:14:26.046 23rd, 24th and 25th verse of this surah. 0:14:26.046,0:14:31.404 And your Lord has enjoined you to [br]worship none but Him, 0:14:31.404,0:14:35.505 i.e., when only He is the one true God, 0:14:35.505,0:14:38.470 then only he should be worshipped and[br]served. 0:14:38.470,0:14:43.020 And your Lord has enjoined you to [br]worship none but Him, and 0:14:43.020,0:14:50.572 to show great kindness to your parents.[br]If either or both of them in your presence 0:14:50.572,0:14:54.069 i.e., the reason why I mentioned that we[br]should show great kindness, 0:14:54.069,0:14:57.052 is because of how the Quran has [br]composed this verse. 0:14:57.052,0:15:02.566 i.e., the Quran has concealed the verb, [br]but kept the noun. 0:15:02.566,0:15:07.067 Instead of Ahsinu bil waledainy ihsaana,[br]wa bil walidainy ihsaana is there. 0:15:07.067,0:15:09.552 The people who know the arabic language,[br]will understand, 0:15:09.552,0:15:12.478 that there is an element of hyperbole in [br]this verse. 0:15:12.478,0:15:17.051 And your Lord has enjoined you [br]to worship none but Him, and 0:15:17.051,0:15:23.553 to show great kindness to your parents.[br]If either or both of them attain old age 0:15:23.553,0:15:26.517 in your presence, [br]show them no sign of impatience. 0:15:26.517,0:15:30.600 This sentence in arabic that do not show[br]a sign of impatience to your parents, 0:15:30.600,0:15:35.568 this means that if a parent says something[br]to his son, the son will shrug and 0:15:35.568,0:15:38.504 respond rudely. 0:15:38.504,0:15:42.511 The Quran instructs that things should [br]never reach this point, 0:15:42.511,0:15:45.503 one should not behave like this, 0:15:45.503,0:15:50.531 the behaviour towards your parents should[br]be loving, affectionate, kind, 0:15:50.531,0:15:52.516 and sympathetic. 0:15:52.516,0:15:56.484 If either or both of them attain old age [br]in your presence, 0:15:56.484,0:16:00.501 show them no sign of impatience, [br]nor rebuke them. 0:16:00.501,0:16:09.505 Why is this thing being said and [br]why is it that only the rights of parents 0:16:09.505,0:16:13.510 are being discussed with respect to [br]this law and not the children. 0:16:13.510,0:16:16.533 If you give it some thought [br]you will get know that, 0:16:16.533,0:16:21.481 the parents have such extraordinary[br]Instincts in them that, 0:16:21.481,0:16:27.065 they do not need to be instructed [br]through religious texts. 0:16:27.065,0:16:31.513 Almighty Allah's method is such, that in[br]instances where things are clear, 0:16:31.513,0:16:34.014 and instincts are intensely strong, 0:16:34.014,0:16:36.526 the possibility of violating a law [br]is much less, 0:16:36.526,0:16:40.476 it is left to the person's wisdom and[br]nature. 0:16:40.476,0:16:44.522 i.e., It is obvious that [br]parents will raise their children, 0:16:44.522,0:16:48.496 nurture them, guide and [br]educate them, 0:16:48.496,0:16:51.529 and they will do anything that's[br]in their control. 0:16:51.529,0:16:54.514 Generally, these things are expected. 0:16:54.514,0:16:59.563 But when parents become old,[br]an important test comes into picture, 0:16:59.563,0:17:02.527 i.e., children have passions, [br]exigencies, 0:17:02.527,0:17:04.063 they have their[br]own needs, 0:17:04.063,0:17:07.527 and when parents have also fallen[br]into the tenderness of old age, 0:17:07.527,0:17:11.523 they might not make sense sometimes, 0:17:11.523,0:17:14.493 it is possible that sometimes [br]they might be unjust to their children, 0:17:14.493,0:17:18.057 it is also possible that sometimes [br]they might not react calmly, 0:17:18.057,0:17:21.526 i.e., there are thousands of problems[br]that come into consideration, 0:17:21.526,0:17:25.510 for this very reason, this chapter[br]is being discussed in Social Shariah, 0:17:25.510,0:17:28.543 because there is a possibility [br]of contravention here, 0:17:28.543,0:17:31.042 here instincts are not so strong[br]anymore. 0:17:31.042,0:17:33.526 This becomes a matter of rationale and[br]wisdom, 0:17:33.526,0:17:38.077 So there is a possibility that [br]something might go severely wrong. 0:17:38.077,0:17:42.542 So know the rights of your parents, [br]show kindness to your parents, 0:17:42.542,0:17:47.043 and it's limitations are being stated,[br]and it is being explained in detail, 0:17:47.043,0:17:51.025 so that a child can understand [br]when his parents become old, 0:17:51.025,0:17:55.043 what kind of situations he would encounter[br]during which he should show kind, loving, 0:17:55.043,0:17:59.541 and sympathetic behavior towards them. 0:17:59.541,0:18:02.493 If either or both of them attain old age [br]in your presence, 0:18:02.493,0:18:05.518 show them no sign of impatience, [br]nor rebuke them, 0:18:05.518,0:18:07.508 but speak to them kind words. 0:18:07.508,0:18:13.076 Treat them with humility and tenderness. 0:18:13.076,0:18:16.524 i.e., just like we have a connection of [br]devotion with Allah, 0:18:16.524,0:18:18.524 and a connection of humility [br]with Allah, 0:18:18.524,0:18:22.521 the same kind of humility should be[br]shown to parents as well. 0:18:22.521,0:18:24.508 We should bow with humility in front [br]of our parents. 0:18:24.508,0:18:30.042 i.e., when a person attains puberty,[br]they start to behave arrogantly. 0:18:30.042,0:18:33.024 This should not happen while dealing[br]with parents. 0:18:33.024,0:18:35.497 But speak to them kind words. 0:18:35.497,0:18:39.491 Treat them with humility and tenderness [br]and say, 0:18:39.491,0:18:44.039 'Lord, be merciful to them the way they[br]nursed me when I was an infant.' 0:18:44.039,0:18:48.073 This is a very special and [br]gracious prayer. 0:18:48.073,0:18:51.076 There is a teaching concealed [br]in this prayer. 0:18:51.076,0:18:55.507 It reminds a person of the rights of his[br]parents that are incumbent upon him, 0:18:55.507,0:19:00.471 and the old age of his parents reminds him[br]of his childhood. 0:19:00.471,0:19:05.038 This method of reminding and [br]giving an advice is very profound. 0:19:05.038,0:19:12.570 The dua is: 'Lord, be merciful to them the[br]way they nursed me when I was an infant.' 0:19:12.570,0:19:18.554 i.e., clearly when parents will be [br]in the tenderness of old age, 0:19:18.554,0:19:21.499 they might sometimes do something[br]that will antagonize their child, 0:19:21.499,0:19:24.505 it is possible that the child might [br]respond with rudeness sometimes, 0:19:24.505,0:19:28.006 or might react to their unjustness[br]in a certain way. 0:19:28.006,0:19:31.495 So, the child is being reminded about[br]how he behaved in his childhood, 0:19:31.495,0:19:34.481 i.e., your parents took care of you[br]when you were a child, 0:19:34.481,0:19:38.486 you were stubborn and sometimes did not[br]obey your parents, you were weak, 0:19:38.486,0:19:42.505 you used to wake up your parents [br]when they were tired and asleep. 0:19:42.505,0:19:46.536 In order to guide, educate and [br]nurture you, your parents have put their 0:19:46.536,0:19:49.067 own lives at risk. 0:19:49.067,0:19:52.520 So, for this very reason, you [br]should also pray, 0:19:52.520,0:19:55.536 that like they nurtured you during[br]your childhood, 0:19:55.536,0:19:58.501 Allah should also look favourably upon[br]them. 0:19:58.501,0:20:01.488 Your Lord best knows what is in [br]your hearts. 0:20:01.488,0:20:07.535 If you remain obedient, He will forgive [br]those who turn to Him. 0:20:07.535,0:20:10.465 In this profound and pleasing style, 0:20:10.465,0:20:13.533 which the Quran has used to[br]draw our attention, 0:20:13.533,0:20:16.532 with respect to our behavior towards the[br]parents. 0:20:16.532,0:20:18.469 This was the first directive. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Now, the second one is: 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 In spite of the status that Islam [br]confers upon parents, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 i.e., first the subject has been[br]introduced, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and we are being reminded of the favour[br]our parents do us. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Hence, observe the verse which we have[br]used as the introduction to this chapter. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Wa wassainal insaana bi waalidaihi [br]hamalat hu ummuhoo wahnan 'alaa wahninw 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 wa fisaaluhoo fee 'aamaini. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 i.e., first the beneficence of our parents[br]has been emphasised, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Its your mother who has kept you in her [br]womb for a period of nine months, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and then went through a lot of trouble[br]while breastfeeding you for two years, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 In spite of the status that Islam [br]confers upon parents, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 they do not have the right, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 i.e., first their status was fixed, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 then the same was stated, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 the ethical values were made clear, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that is the beauty of the [br]entire society, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and people were instructed how [br]they should treat their parents 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and what should be their behavior[br]towards them. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 After stating the above,[br]now what is being said is that, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 In spite of the status that Islam [br]confers upon parents, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 i.e., this is the favour of our parents, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 one should be grateful to them for this, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 one should always pray for them, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 one should never show disobedience, [br]no matter how insignificant, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 nor rebuke them,[br]and never disrespect them in any way. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 It is their right. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 But even after having such a status,[br]in spite of that.. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 In spite of the status that Islam [br]confers upon parents, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 they do not have the right to force [br]their children to baselessly associate 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 someone with the Almighty. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Here, it is clear that in this verse [br]polytheism is being mentioned, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that is because the people who are being[br]addressed, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 this issue is the bone of contention[br]among them. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 But as a result this principle emanates, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that the rights of Allah, take precedence [br]over the rights of the parents. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 i.e., the first and foremost right that[br]should be fulfilled is the right of Allah. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Therefore, if someone is obligated to do[br]something which deals with Allah 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and his religion, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 his parents can't[br]force him to show disobedience to Allah. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Keeping their rights aside, and their[br]love, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and showing hospitality towards them, [br]and also gratitude towards them, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but when Allah's rights come into picture,[br]it is the highest of all. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 On what basis have the rights[br]of the parents been established? 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 They has been established because they[br]brought us into this world, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 they nurtured us, they guided and [br]educated us, they took good care of us 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 when we were weak. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Likewise, the right of Allah, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 He is the reason of the existence of this [br]entire universe, He gave a life to us, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 gave us the capability of understanding, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and promised that an eternal life is[br]awaiting us. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 He filled this world with all sorts and[br]kinds of blessings and favors. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Count them if you can, a verse in the [br]Quran states, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Wain tauddoo niaamata Allahi la tuhsooha, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 which means, You cannot count [br]the favors of Allah, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 So the one true benefactor should take [br]precedence over everything else. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 We should to be grateful to Him most of[br]all. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Consequently, the Quran has made this [br]thing clear that in case of the parents, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Allah instructs you about the rights [br]of your parents, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 how you should treat your parents,[br]what should be your behavior towards them. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 But this does not mean that[br]if your parents force you to baselessly 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 associate someone with Almighty Allah, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 or do not let you fulfil[br]the rights of Allah, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 No, the parents do not have these rights. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 The Prophet (pbuh) has said that [br]showing disobedience to parents 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 is the greatest sin after polytheism. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 The Prophet (pbuh) has stated this [br]and, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 these are the narratives from [br]Sahih Al- Bukhari and Sahih Muslim, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 their reference is mentioned in the[br]footnotes below. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 However, the above quoted verses [br]of Surah Luqman say that 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 the children should openly disobey [br]their parents with regard to polytheism 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and should follow the way of those [br]who follow Allah. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 i.e., your exemplar, your leader,[br]your mentor, your teacher, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 should be only those people [br]who follow and obey Almighty Allah, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and call you towards Him. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Parents are worthy of showing kindness,[br]they deserve to be treated with kindness, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and this right of theirs' should [br]be fulfilled. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 But they do not have the right to take [br]place of a cleric or a guide. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 They should not be the one to say[br]that, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 you can or cannot fulfill [br]the rights of Allah. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 When you know Allah's rights, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 they would be given precedence over[br]everything else. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And showing kindness to parents[br]is also one of Allah's rights. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 He has given this as a directive, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and it has been mentioned in [br]various verses in the Quran. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Prophet (pbuh) has said that showing [br]disobedience to parents 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 is the greatest sin after polytheism.[br]However, the above quoted verses of 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Surah Luqman say that the children [br]should openly disobey their parents 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 with regard to polytheism and should [br]follow the way of those who follow God, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 i.e., the prophets, the righteous, [br]those scholars who have the 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 true knowledge of religion,[br]they should tell people about 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Allah's rights, they should tell people[br]about Allah's command, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 they should inform people about the[br]religion, these people should be followed. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Any calls to evade the Almighty must not [br]receive any positive response 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 even if it is the parents who are [br]giving the call. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Any calls to evade the Almighty,[br]i.e., even if parents who have been 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 given such a status, ask you to leave [br]the way of Allah, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and show disobedience to Him, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 they must not receive any [br]positive response. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Laa ta'ata fil maasiah innamal[br]ta'ata fil ma'aruuf. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 No one can be obeyed if he calls to[br]disobey the Almighty, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 one can only obey what is virtuous. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 It is a hadith mentioned in [br]Sahih Al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 It's reference has also been mentioned [br]in the footnotes. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 The same principle has been mentioned[br]in this, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 i.e., in the way of Allah's disobedience,[br]neither can the parents be obeyed, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 nor a leader, [br]or head of the society, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 or the scholars, [br]or preachers, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 or guides. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Within the circle of Allah's obedience, [br]people will be respected, and honoured, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and listened to. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 The Prophet (pbuh) has stated this [br]on the same basis. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Consequently, all other directives of the [br]Almighty Allah shall also be considered 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 subservient to this directive, and [br]one cannot disobey these directives 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 if the parents ask them to do so. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 i.e., the Prophet (pbuh) has also, [br]granted that polytheism was mentioned, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 but it was given a form of a principle, [br]and that is correct, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that is because the circumstances against [br]which this has been stated, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that makes it clear, that the actual thing[br]to take into consideration is, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 that where Allah's right is in question, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and the demands of His worship[br]are at stake, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and the demands of His obedience are at[br]stake, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 nothing else will matter in such [br]circumstances. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 The third limitation:[br]Even if the parents force their children 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 to commit a sin as heinous as polytheism, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 i.e., if the parents are old, or there are[br]differences of opinion over something, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 one being that they are instructing to [br]indulge in polytheism, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 which is the greatest sin of all, [br]they are supporting polytheism. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 They want their children [br]to follow this path. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 These were the circumstances during[br]that era. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 This happens nowadays as well. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 i.e., the parents have undertaken certain [br]religious things with respect to a 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 particular context and they think of it[br]as a part of religion 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and then want their children to [br]follow the same. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Even if the parents force their children [br]to commit a sin as heinous as polytheism, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 they must always be treated [br]in a befitting manner. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 i.e., on one hand it has been stated [br]that the right of the parents 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 is very significant, but they do not[br]have any right when it comes to 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 disobeying Almighty Allah. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 And on the other hand, it has been[br]instructed that 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 even if the parents are teaching their [br]children to disobey Allah, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 making them follow the path of polytheism,[br]and are persistent about it, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 in spite of all these things,[br]they must always be treated with kindness. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Their needs should be met[br]met as far as possible and 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 a prayer of guidance be continued[br]to be made for them. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 This is what the words [br]'Wa saahib humma fiddunya ma'aruufa' 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 (remain kind to them in this world)[br]of the verse quoted above entail. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 i.e., in the Quran, where it has been [br]mentioned that do not obey your parents 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 when they force you to follow polytheism,[br]do not obey them when they tell you to 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 disobey Almighty Allah, with this it has [br]also been mentioned that, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 with respect to worldly affairs,[br]? be affectionate and kind to them. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 The children may have a right to disobey [br]their parents if they insist upon 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 upon disobedience to the directives[br]of religion but they must still 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 not be slack or indifferent in any way [br]to their duty towards their parents. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 i.e., even if the parents are forcing [br]their child to disobey Allah, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and forcing him to commit a sin [br]which is the greatest of all, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 he must still show kindness [br]to his parents. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 The last part of the verses [br]caution both the child and the parents, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 The last part of the verses caution both [br]the child and the parents, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 one day he has to return to the Almighty [br]to give an account of his deeds. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 This is Quran's special approach, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 i.e., you can observe that it first stated 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 what your parents do to nurture you,[br]then it stated that consequently it is 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 necessary to be grateful to them,[br]then it instructed what should be the 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 behavior towards the parents for same,[br]determined certain limits of good behavior 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and then it warned them that,[br]'summa ilayyi marjiukum 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 fa unabbiukum bimaa kuntum ta'amaluun.[br]This is the last part of the verse. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 The last part of the verse caution[br]a person that one day 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 he has to return to the Almighty [br]to give an account of his deeds. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 This is usually how Quran warns people. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 One day we have to return to our Lord, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 a day has been ascertained for us[br]when we will have to answer, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Whenever He commands to do something,[br]or whenever he guides us, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 He always draws our attention [br]to this fundamental fact, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 this is the base of the invitation to[br]Islam. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 i.e., the hereafter, the day when we[br]will have to give an account of our deeds, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 the day when we will meet our Lord,[br]in preparation of this. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 The last part of the verses caution [br]a person that one day 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 he has to return to the Almighty [br]to give an account of his deeds, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Summa ilayyi marjiukum fa unabbiukum [br]bimaa kuntum ta'amaluun. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 While commenting upon this part of the[br]verse, Imam Amin Ahsan Islahi writes, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 this addresses, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 i.e., the verse mentioned above, [br]summa ilayyi marjiukumm, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 one has to return to Almighty Allah, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 This part of the verse addresses [br]both the parents and the children 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 and carries both a warning and [br]an assurance. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 It carries both the aspects,[br]a warning and an assurance. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 The implication is that one day, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 each person will have to return[br]to the Almighty. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Whatever he would have done[br]would be brought before him. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 A believer should keep this in mind[br]while living his life. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 i.e., My deeds are being compiled, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 each and everything is being put on[br]record, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 ma yalfizu min qawlin illa ladayhi[br]raqeebun ateed, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Man does not utter any word except that 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 with him is an observer prepared [br]to record. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 His deeds, his intentions, everything [br]will be brought before him on that day, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Until a person does not comprehend the[br]enormity of this fact, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 he cannot truty follow through on the laws[br]of shariah, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 nor can he fulfill the objectives of this[br]system. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 Whatever he would have done [br]would be brought before him. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 If some parents had violated the rights [br]given to them regarding their children 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 by making them deviate from [br]the path of the Almighty, 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 they will have to face punishment [br]for this attitude and 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 if children duly recognized the rights[br]of the Almighty together with those 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 of their parents as well as remaining[br]steadfast in following the obligations 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 these rights entail, they will be [br]rewarded for their perseverance. 9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000 I say this saying of mine, and I seek[br]forgiveness from Allah for me and for you.