[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.00,0:00:00.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Supported By:
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.77,0:00:02.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Supported By:\NProtocol Labs
Dialogue: 0,0:00:02.64,0:00:02.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Protocol Labs
Dialogue: 0,0:00:02.94,0:00:04.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Protocol Labs\NWhat does our future hold?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:06.15,0:00:10.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Everything has its wonders, even darkness and silence...\N
Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.34,0:00:13.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Everything has its wonders, even darkness and silence...\N- Helen Keller
Dialogue: 0,0:00:14.61,0:00:18.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What does the future look like?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.69,0:00:22.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How will the universe meet its end?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.68,0:00:25.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We may never be truly certain.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.43,0:00:30.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But science has begun to paint a stunning picture of how the future might unfold.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:31.56,0:00:34.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's take a journey to the end of time.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.81,0:00:38.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We will travel through time exponentially, doubling our speed every 5 seconds.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:38.90,0:00:44.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The vision of the future will surely evolve\Nas we probe for more clues. But one thing is clear:
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.81,0:00:46.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The universe has only just begun.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.54,0:00:47.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,2019\N[Anthrpocene era]
Dialogue: 0,0:00:47.54,0:00:48.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,2020\N[Anthrpocene era]
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.54,0:00:48.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,2021\N[Anthrpocene era]
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.79,0:00:49.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,2021\NThe Holocene has ended.\N[Anthrpocene era]
Dialogue: 0,0:00:49.18,0:00:49.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,2021\NThe Holocene has ended.\N[Anthrpocene era]
Dialogue: 0,0:00:49.56,0:00:50.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,2022\NThe Holocene has ended.\N[Anthrpocene era]
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.58,0:00:51.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,2023\NThe Holocene has ended.\N[Anthrpocene era]
Dialogue: 0,0:00:51.32,0:00:51.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,2023\N[Anthrpocene era]
Dialogue: 0,0:00:51.97,0:00:52.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What we do now,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.23,0:00:52.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What we do now,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.48,0:00:52.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What we do now,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.97,0:00:53.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What we do now,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:53.72,0:00:55.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in the next few years,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.24,0:00:58.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will profoundly affect
Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.24,0:01:01.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the next few thousand years.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.93,0:01:06.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The only conditions modern humans
Dialogue: 0,0:01:06.25,0:01:09.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have ever known so far, are changing.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.08,0:01:11.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And changing fast.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:13.16,0:01:15.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nothing stays the same on this planet.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:15.78,0:01:17.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Everything changes.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.94,0:01:18.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Earth is going into one of these jumps
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.67,0:01:20.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Earth is going into one of these jumps
Dialogue: 0,0:01:20.23,0:01:21.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you don't know what is going
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.25,0:01:23.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to be on the other side of those jumps.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.31,0:01:25.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Earth is always jumping.\N[Earth's magnetic field flips]
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.75,0:01:25.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Earth's magnetic field flips]
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.55,0:01:30.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Comet Hale-Bopp returns]
Dialogue: 0,0:01:32.14,0:01:32.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Drastic sea level rise]
Dialogue: 0,0:01:32.78,0:01:34.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Things move on this planet\N[Drastic sea level rise]
Dialogue: 0,0:01:35.22,0:01:36.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Things are not still!
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.24,0:01:38.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Everything is turning.\N[30 meter asteroid impact]
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.64,0:01:39.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[30 meter asteroid impact]\N
Dialogue: 0,0:01:39.38,0:01:41.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Antares goes supernova]
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.72,0:01:44.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Sahara becomes tropical]
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.36,0:01:48.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Constellations begin to wander]
Dialogue: 0,0:01:50.12,0:01:51.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Voyager I passes nearby star]
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.82,0:01:55.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Interglacial period ends]
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.61,0:02:00.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Supervolcano eruption]
Dialogue: 0,0:02:05.44,0:02:07.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[New Hawaiian island appears]
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.05,0:02:09.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[New island chains]
Dialogue: 0,0:02:13.56,0:02:15.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Apollo footprints fade]
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.54,0:02:18.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Betelgeuse goes supernova]
Dialogue: 0,0:02:21.58,0:02:24.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Stone monuments erode]
Dialogue: 0,0:02:29.52,0:02:31.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Deadly gamma ray burst]
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.64,0:02:35.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Mars moon becomes a ring]
Dialogue: 0,0:02:37.67,0:02:39.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Saturn's rings vanish]
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.69,0:02:43.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Antarctica melts]
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.83,0:02:46.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Major asteroid impact]
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.83,0:02:55.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[New supercontinent]
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.73,0:02:58.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Sun increases luminosity]\N
Dialogue: 0,0:02:58.79,0:02:59.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As it begins to run out of fuel,\N[Sun increases luminosity]
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.75,0:03:01.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As it begins to run out of fuel,\N[Photosynthesis ceases]
Dialogue: 0,0:03:01.04,0:03:02.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the sun won't simply fade away to nothing.\N[Photosynthesis ceases]
Dialogue: 0,0:03:02.74,0:03:03.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the sun won't simply fade away to nothing.\N[All plant life dies]
Dialogue: 0,0:03:03.96,0:03:05.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[All plant life dies]\N
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.41,0:03:05.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Oceans evaporate]\N
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.88,0:03:07.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Its core will collapse,\N[Oceans evaporate]
Dialogue: 0,0:03:07.68,0:03:07.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Oceans evaporate]\N
Dialogue: 0,0:03:07.93,0:03:10.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the extra heat this generates\N[Oceans evaporate]
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.01,0:03:11.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will cause its outer layers to expand.\N[Oceans evaporate]
Dialogue: 0,0:03:11.91,0:03:12.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will cause its outer layers to expand.\N[All life dies]
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.62,0:03:13.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[All life dies]\N
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.18,0:03:16.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Sun expands]
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.78,0:03:18.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Sun becomes red giant]
Dialogue: 0,0:03:18.74,0:03:21.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Earth destroyed by the dying Sun]
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.09,0:03:22.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Sun becomes a White Dwarf]\N
Dialogue: 0,0:03:22.18,0:03:24.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The sun is now dead.\N[Sun becomes a White Dwarf]
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.60,0:03:26.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Its remains slowly cooling\N[Sun becomes a White Dwarf]
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.77,0:03:30.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the freezing temperatures of deep space.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:39.95,0:03:43.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The fate of the sun is the same as for all stars.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:44.38,0:03:47.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One day, they must all eventually die,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.71,0:03:49.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the cosmos will be plunged
Dialogue: 0,0:03:49.65,0:03:52.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into eternal night.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:54.13,0:03:57.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All stars eventually will run out of fuel.\N[Stars begin to die off]
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.51,0:03:58.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Stars begin to die off]\N
Dialogue: 0,0:03:58.30,0:03:59.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The temperature of the universe drops.\N[Stars begin to die off]
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.94,0:04:00.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Stars begin to die off]
Dialogue: 0,0:04:00.94,0:04:02.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Stars, one by one,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:02.50,0:04:04.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the night sky,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:04.26,0:04:06.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will turn off.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.98,0:04:10.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And there will be no more new stars
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.23,0:04:11.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,created.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:13.00,0:04:14.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so the universe will end
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.95,0:04:16.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not with a bang,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:16.24,0:04:18.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but with the whimper.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:21.36,0:04:23.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And not in fire,\N[Last Red Dwarf stars die]
Dialogue: 0,0:04:23.13,0:04:23.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Last Red Dwarf stars die]
Dialogue: 0,0:04:23.38,0:04:26.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but in ice.\N[Last Red Dwarf stars die]
Dialogue: 0,0:04:26.24,0:04:27.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Last Red Dwarf stars die]
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.69,0:04:37.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Degenerate era]\N"With the death of the last sun, the age of starlight comes to an end."
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.59,0:04:39.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Degenerate era]
Dialogue: 0,0:04:39.80,0:04:40.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Degenerate era]\N"The universe becomes a cosmic boneyard, strewn with remnants of dead stars."
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.88,0:04:47.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"The universe becomes a cosmic boneyard, strewn with remnants of dead stars."
Dialogue: 0,0:04:50.26,0:04:56.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Our Sun becomes a White Dwarf - a hot, dense, shrunken stellar corpse."
Dialogue: 0,0:05:01.50,0:05:03.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,With no fuel left to burn,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:03.67,0:05:05.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a white dwarf's faint glow
Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.85,0:05:08.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,comes from the last residual heat
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.49,0:05:10.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from its extinguished furnace.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:15.51,0:05:18.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Looking at it from where the earth is now,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:18.27,0:05:20.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it would only generate the same amount of light
Dialogue: 0,0:05:20.93,0:05:22.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as the full moon
Dialogue: 0,0:05:22.64,0:05:25.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on a clear night.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.96,0:05:31.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The faint glow of white dwarfs
Dialogue: 0,0:05:31.50,0:05:34.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will provide the only illumination
Dialogue: 0,0:05:34.23,0:05:36.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a dark and empty void
Dialogue: 0,0:05:36.93,0:05:39.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,littered with dead stars
Dialogue: 0,0:05:39.49,0:05:41.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and black holes.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:50.49,0:05:52.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In some ways it's kind of a ghost universe
Dialogue: 0,0:05:52.93,0:05:54.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's the corpses,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:54.04,0:05:55.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the zombie stars,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:55.23,0:05:56.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that will take us into the future.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:06.74,0:06:13.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Over time, gravity ejects dead stars and planets from their galaxies, sending them out into the freezing void."
Dialogue: 0,0:06:18.10,0:06:22.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"By chance, some Brown Dwarfs collide and form accidental new stars."
Dialogue: 0,0:06:27.62,0:06:31.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Colliding neutron stars puncture the darkness with ultra bright supernova."
Dialogue: 0,0:06:31.56,0:06:32.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Neutron star collision]\NColliding neutron stars puncture the darkness with ultra bright supernova."
Dialogue: 0,0:06:32.88,0:06:35.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Neutron star collision]
Dialogue: 0,0:06:51.22,0:06:58.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Any surviving life forms may find refuge around aging White Dwarfs."
Dialogue: 0,0:07:05.75,0:07:11.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"But in time, even the White Dwarfs will fade and die."
Dialogue: 0,0:07:13.24,0:07:17.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A black dwarf will be the final fate of those last stars\N[Stars become Black Dwarfs]
Dialogue: 0,0:07:17.24,0:07:19.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,White dwarfs that have become so cold,\N[Stars become Black Dwarfs]
Dialogue: 0,0:07:19.75,0:07:23.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that they barely emit any more heat or light.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:27.51,0:07:29.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Black dwarfs are dark,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:29.23,0:07:30.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dense,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:30.25,0:07:34.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,decaying balls of degenerate matter.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:34.27,0:07:37.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Little more than the ashes of stars,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:38.24,0:07:41.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their constituent atoms are so severely crushed
Dialogue: 0,0:07:41.98,0:07:44.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that black dwarfs are a million times
Dialogue: 0,0:07:44.52,0:07:48.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,denser than our sun.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:54.50,0:07:57.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Stars take so long to reach this point
Dialogue: 0,0:07:57.46,0:07:59.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we believe there are currently
Dialogue: 0,0:07:59.12,0:08:02.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,no black dwarfs in the universe.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:10.88,0:08:16.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Any matter that fails to escape its galaxy \Nis sucked into a supermassive black hole at the center."
Dialogue: 0,0:08:17.04,0:08:26.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Black holes swallow stray matter]
Dialogue: 0,0:08:26.34,0:08:31.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Black holes swallow stray matter]\N"Long dormant black holes flare up in a blaze of glory."
Dialogue: 0,0:08:51.68,0:08:59.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Degenerate era]\N"The rotational energy of black holes becomes the last reliable source of power for any exotic future civilizations."
Dialogue: 0,0:09:05.26,0:09:07.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have a pace of life that's based
Dialogue: 0,0:09:07.21,0:09:09.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the energy available to us now.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:10.49,0:09:12.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You could imagine living,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:12.25,0:09:13.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,conscious systems,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:13.74,0:09:15.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which have a very different pace and therefore,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:15.95,0:09:17.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can extend out, at least,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:17.60,0:09:19.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a lot farther than you'd imagine otherwise.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:21.51,0:09:23.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You could have a living system where if,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:23.69,0:09:26.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it had a thought every 10 trillion years,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:26.42,0:09:27.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that would seem normal.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:30.76,0:09:31.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ever if
Dialogue: 0,0:09:31.51,0:09:34.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,our life dies out, one could imagine
Dialogue: 0,0:09:34.85,0:09:37.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at some time arbitrarily far in the future,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:37.74,0:09:41.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a fluctuation occurs which allows intelligent life
Dialogue: 0,0:09:41.15,0:09:43.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to exist again, for a little while.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:44.49,0:09:47.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So you might have islands in time of intelligence.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:56.35,0:10:04.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"As the expansion of the universe accelerates, it \Nbegins to spread matter apart faster than the speed of light."\N[Expansion of spacetime]
Dialogue: 0,0:10:04.16,0:10:05.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Expansion of spacetime]
Dialogue: 0,0:10:05.50,0:10:07.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"By this point, distant galaxies and stars are receding do fast that their light has become undetectable."\N[Expansion of spacetime]
Dialogue: 0,0:10:07.23,0:10:13.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"By this point, distant galaxies and stars are receding do fast that their light has become undetectable."
Dialogue: 0,0:10:14.51,0:10:21.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"The secrets of the cosmos are locked away forever."
Dialogue: 0,0:10:25.27,0:10:28.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Current theories predict that atoms themselves will begin to decay, destroying all remaining matter in the universe."
Dialogue: 0,0:10:28.25,0:10:33.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Proton decay]\N"Current theories predict that atoms themselves will begin to decay, destroying all remaining matter in the universe."
Dialogue: 0,0:10:33.08,0:10:33.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Proton decay]
Dialogue: 0,0:10:34.54,0:10:37.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A proton, one of the fundamental building blocks
Dialogue: 0,0:10:37.27,0:10:39.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of atomic matter, what makes us up,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:39.78,0:10:42.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can just spontaneously fall apart.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:44.26,0:10:47.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Any material that evades the pull of a black hole
Dialogue: 0,0:10:47.27,0:10:51.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,eventually dies away as its protons disintegrate.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:58.42,0:11:06.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Proton decay is still unproven - and so this chapter of the future could look very different in light of new discoveries."
Dialogue: 0,0:11:17.98,0:11:20.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The matter inside black dwarf's,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:20.53,0:11:22.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the last matter in the universe,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:23.25,0:11:25.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will eventually evaporate away,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:25.82,0:11:29.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and be carried off into the void as radiation
Dialogue: 0,0:11:29.51,0:11:34.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,leaving absolutely nothing behind.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:34.64,0:11:42.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Black hole era]
Dialogue: 0,0:11:42.23,0:11:44.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,With the black dwarfs gone,\N[Black hole era]
Dialogue: 0,0:11:44.55,0:11:48.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there won't be a single atom of matter left.\N[Black hole era]
Dialogue: 0,0:11:48.24,0:11:48.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Black hole era]
Dialogue: 0,0:11:51.73,0:11:55.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All that will remain of our once-rich cosmos
Dialogue: 0,0:11:55.27,0:11:58.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will be particles of light and black holes.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:06.86,0:12:09.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"The Black Hole Era begins."
Dialogue: 0,0:12:11.87,0:12:16.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"No planets, no stars, no lingering stellar remnants for life to cling to."
Dialogue: 0,0:12:20.53,0:12:26.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Yet even now, time has only begun to tick."
Dialogue: 0,0:12:28.61,0:12:31.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"On the scale of a human lifetime, the universe has just emerged from the womb."
Dialogue: 0,0:12:35.97,0:12:42.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Cold, dark, and empty - this is how the cosmos will spend most of its life."
Dialogue: 0,0:12:47.11,0:12:56.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Our universe gives life only a brief moment to shine - a haven in time, safe from its fiery birth and icy death."
Dialogue: 0,0:12:56.75,0:12:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The arrow of time creates a bright window
Dialogue: 0,0:12:59.99,0:13:02.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the universe's adolescence
Dialogue: 0,0:13:02.26,0:13:04.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,during which life is possible.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:08.01,0:13:11.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it's a window that doesn't stay open for long.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:14.100,0:13:18.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As a fraction of the lifespan of the universe,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:18.76,0:13:20.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as measured from its beginning
Dialogue: 0,0:13:20.76,0:13:23.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the evaporation of the last black hole,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:23.76,0:13:24.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,life,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:24.74,0:13:25.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,life, as we know it,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:25.73,0:13:27.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,life, as we know it, is only possible for
Dialogue: 0,0:13:27.35,0:13:27.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one\N(10^(0))
Dialogue: 0,0:13:27.75,0:13:28.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one thousandth\N(10^(-3))
Dialogue: 0,0:13:28.76,0:13:29.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one thousandth of a\N(10^(-3))
Dialogue: 0,0:13:29.23,0:13:29.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one thousandth of a billion\N(10^(-12))
Dialogue: 0,0:13:29.72,0:13:30.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one thousandth of a billion billion\N(10^(-21))
Dialogue: 0,0:13:30.19,0:13:30.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one thousandth of a billion billion billionth\N(10^(-30))
Dialogue: 0,0:13:30.75,0:13:31.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one thousandth of a billion billion billionth,\Nbillion\N(10^(-39))
Dialogue: 0,0:13:31.26,0:13:31.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one thousandth of a billion billion billionth,\Nbillion billion\N(10^(-48))
Dialogue: 0,0:13:31.76,0:13:32.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one thousandth of a billion billion billionth,\Nbillion billion billionth\N(10^(-57))
Dialogue: 0,0:13:32.32,0:13:32.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one thousandth of a billion billion billionth,\Nbillion billion billionth billion\N(10^(-66))
Dialogue: 0,0:13:32.75,0:13:33.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one thousandth of a billion billion billionth,\Nbillion billion billionth billion billion\N(10^(-75))
Dialogue: 0,0:13:33.52,0:13:34.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one thousandth of a billion billion billionth,\Nbillion billion billion billion billion billionth,\N(10^(-84))
Dialogue: 0,0:13:34.63,0:13:36.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one thousandth of a billion billion billionth,\Nbillion billion billion billion billion billionth, of a percent.\N(10^(-84)%)
Dialogue: 0,0:13:44.77,0:13:45.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Black holes become
Dialogue: 0,0:13:45.77,0:13:48.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the fundamental building block of the universe.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:52.52,0:13:53.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A galaxy will basically be
Dialogue: 0,0:13:53.99,0:13:55.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a supermassive black hole in the center,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:55.78,0:13:57.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with smaller black holes orbiting it.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:01.74,0:14:06.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Zombie galaxies filled with black holes continue to evolve.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:10.26,0:14:11.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They'll eat each other, and they'll get bigger,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:11.78,0:14:12.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and maybe they'll fall into
Dialogue: 0,0:14:12.76,0:14:14.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the supermassive black hole and it'll get bigger.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:15.01,0:14:17.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The universe will still be an exciting, dynamic place.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:17.75,0:14:20.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's just that the time scales we're talking about
Dialogue: 0,0:14:20.25,0:14:22.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are now trillions of years,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:22.02,0:14:24.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,instead of thousands or millions of years.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:29.89,0:14:35.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Black home mergers]\N"In this far flung age, black hole mergers become the main event."
Dialogue: 0,0:14:38.60,0:14:45.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Some grow to enormous sizes, possibly trillions of times the mass of our sun."
Dialogue: 0,0:14:49.40,0:14:55.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"When they merge, they send out powerful gravity waves that resonate throughout the universe."
Dialogue: 0,0:14:56.24,0:15:01.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Black holes can bang on space-time like mallets on a drum.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:08.76,0:15:11.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And have a very characteristic song,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:17.74,0:15:21.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Imagine two black holes that have lived a long life together
Dialogue: 0,0:15:22.01,0:15:24.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At the end of their lives they're going around each other,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:24.50,0:15:28.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,crossing thousands of kilometers in a fraction of a second.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:32.23,0:15:33.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As they do so,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:33.20,0:15:36.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they leave behind in their wake a ringing of space
Dialogue: 0,0:15:36.52,0:15:38.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an actual wave on space-time.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:53.26,0:15:56.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Space squeezes and stretches as it emanates out
Dialogue: 0,0:15:56.50,0:15:59.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from these black holes banging on the universe.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:02.99,0:16:04.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Those are the gravitational waves
Dialogue: 0,0:16:04.92,0:16:07.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and are literally the sounds of space ringing
Dialogue: 0,0:16:07.52,0:16:09.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they will travel out from these black holes
Dialogue: 0,0:16:09.48,0:16:13.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at the speed of light as they ring down and coalesce into one,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:13.76,0:16:16.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,spinning, quiet, black hole.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:20.99,0:16:22.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you were standing near enough,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:23.01,0:16:24.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your ear would resonate
Dialogue: 0,0:16:25.16,0:16:27.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the squeezing and stretching of space,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:27.53,0:16:29.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you would literally hear the sound.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:38.99,0:16:41.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Imagine a lighter black hole
Dialogue: 0,0:16:41.22,0:16:43.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,falling into a very heavy black hole.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:43.22,0:16:44.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The sound you're hearing
Dialogue: 0,0:16:44.95,0:16:46.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is a light black hole banging
Dialogue: 0,0:16:46.98,0:16:49.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on space each time it gets close.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:58.01,0:17:01.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As it falls in, it gets faster, and it gets louder.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:22.74,0:17:25.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Scientists used to think black holes were immortal,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:25.76,0:17:28.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but even these will one day die.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:29.27,0:17:32.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now we're talking about time scales of unimaginable length
Dialogue: 0,0:17:32.99,0:17:35.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,quadrillions of years into the future.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:35.98,0:17:36.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On that time scale,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:36.100,0:17:40.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even the black holes begin to evaporate.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:44.36,0:17:46.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Hawking radiation]
Dialogue: 0,0:17:47.24,0:17:49.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Hawking radiation]
Dialogue: 0,0:17:50.02,0:17:52.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Hawking radiation]
Dialogue: 0,0:17:52.01,0:17:52.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Hawking radiation]\NAccording to quantum mechanics,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:52.26,0:17:53.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,According to quantum mechanics,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:53.39,0:17:54.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Hawking radiation]\NAccording to quantum mechanics,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:54.49,0:17:54.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,space is filled with virtual particles
Dialogue: 0,0:17:54.98,0:17:56.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Hawking radiation]\Nspace is filled with virtual particles
Dialogue: 0,0:17:56.75,0:17:57.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,space is filled with virtual particles
Dialogue: 0,0:17:57.50,0:17:59.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Hawking radiation]\Nand antiparticles that are constantly materializing in pairs,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:59.75,0:18:01.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and antiparticles that are constantly materializing in pairs,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:01.24,0:18:02.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Hawking radiation]\Nand antiparticles that are constantly materializing in pairs,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:02.72,0:18:03.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Hawking radiation]\Nseparating, coming together again,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:03.50,0:18:04.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,separating, coming together again,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:04.74,0:18:06.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Hawking radiation]\Nseparating, coming together again,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:06.16,0:18:06.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Hawking radiation]\Nand annihilating each other.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:06.74,0:18:07.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and annihilating each other.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:07.28,0:18:08.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Hawking radiation]\Nand annihilating each other.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:09.51,0:18:11.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Hawking radiation]
Dialogue: 0,0:18:12.99,0:18:15.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Hawking radiation]\NIn the presence of a black hole,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:15.77,0:18:16.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one member of a pair of
Dialogue: 0,0:18:16.64,0:18:17.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Hawking radiation]\None member of a pair of
Dialogue: 0,0:18:17.44,0:18:18.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Hawking radiation]\Nvirtual particles may fall into the hole,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:18.75,0:18:19.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,virtual particles may fall into the hole,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:19.76,0:18:20.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Hawking radiation]\Nvirtual particles may fall into the hole,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:20.25,0:18:20.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,virtual particles may fall into the hole,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:20.98,0:18:22.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,leaving the other member
Dialogue: 0,0:18:22.38,0:18:24.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without a partner with which to annihilate.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:24.01,0:18:24.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Hawking radiation]\Nwithout a partner with which to annihilate.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:24.50,0:18:25.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without a partner with which to annihilate.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:27.26,0:18:27.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Hawking radiation]\NThe forsaken particle appears to be radiation
Dialogue: 0,0:18:27.74,0:18:29.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The forsaken particle appears to be radiation
Dialogue: 0,0:18:29.99,0:18:30.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Hawking radiation]\NThe forsaken particle appears to be radiation
Dialogue: 0,0:18:30.50,0:18:31.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The forsaken particle appears to be radiation
Dialogue: 0,0:18:31.27,0:18:32.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,emitted by the black hole.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:32.97,0:18:33.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Hawking radiation]\Nemitted by the black hole.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:34.28,0:18:34.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Hawking radiation]
Dialogue: 0,0:18:35.24,0:18:35.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Hawking radiation]
Dialogue: 0,0:18:36.50,0:18:37.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so, black holes are not eternal.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:37.49,0:18:41.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so, black holes are not eternal.\N[Black hole evaporation]
Dialogue: 0,0:18:43.23,0:18:47.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They evaporate away at an increasing rate,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:47.23,0:18:51.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,until they vanish in a gigantic explosion.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:57.50,0:19:01.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Quantum mechanics has allowed particles and radiation\N[Black holes begin to die]
Dialogue: 0,0:19:01.75,0:19:04.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to escape from the ultimate prison -
Dialogue: 0,0:19:04.92,0:19:06.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A black hole.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:06.87,0:19:13.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Black holes begin to evaporate away, erasing the last large-scale structures in the universe."
Dialogue: 0,0:19:14.75,0:19:18.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"As they die, they light up the darkness one by one."
Dialogue: 0,0:20:00.06,0:20:00.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"As the black holes slowly die off, the universe continues to expand, driven by a mysterious force we don't yet understand."
Dialogue: 0,0:20:00.31,0:20:08.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Dark Energy inflates the universe]\N"As the black holes slowly die off, the universe continues to expand, driven by a mysterious force we don't yet understand."
Dialogue: 0,0:20:11.90,0:20:17.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"This is the frontier of human knowledge - a frontier ripe for exploration and discovery."
Dialogue: 0,0:20:17.73,0:20:20.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Philosophers and poets have asked the question,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:20.04,0:20:22.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Will the world end in fire or ice?"
Dialogue: 0,0:20:23.49,0:20:26.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We can now give an answer.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:28.23,0:20:30.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The latest evidence shows that the universe
Dialogue: 0,0:20:30.73,0:20:31.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is not slowing down,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:31.75,0:20:34.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it's speeding up out of control.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:35.24,0:20:38.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the universe, we think, will die in ice
Dialogue: 0,0:20:38.100,0:20:41.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,trillions upon trillions of years from now.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:45.27,0:20:47.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Empty space itself has energy.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:47.75,0:20:50.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In every little cubic centimeter of space,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:50.01,0:20:51.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whether or not there's stuff,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:51.50,0:20:52.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whether or not there's particles,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:52.76,0:20:54.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,matter, radiation, whatever...
Dialogue: 0,0:20:54.26,0:20:57.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there is still energy, even in the space itself.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:00.48,0:21:02.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this energy, according to Einstein,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:02.42,0:21:04.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,exerts a push on the universe.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:07.01,0:21:09.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What is the weird stuff that's accelerating the universe?
Dialogue: 0,0:21:10.50,0:21:12.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We call it 'Dark energy'.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:14.75,0:21:18.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this stuff is the dominant stuff of the universe
Dialogue: 0,0:21:18.26,0:21:20.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,almost 3/4 of the matter-energy content
Dialogue: 0,0:21:20.99,0:21:23.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the universe is this dark energy
Dialogue: 0,0:21:23.53,0:21:25.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we don't know what it is.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:29.72,0:21:32.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Dark energy, unlike matter or radiation,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:32.23,0:21:35.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,does not dilute away, as the universe expands.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:36.50,0:21:38.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This has crucial implications
Dialogue: 0,0:21:38.75,0:21:41.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for what the universe is going to do in the future.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:43.25,0:21:45.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, what will be the future of the universe?
Dialogue: 0,0:21:47.75,0:21:51.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, if the dark energy remains dominant and repulsive,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:52.23,0:21:54.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the universe will expand forever.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:00.51,0:22:03.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Faster and faster and faster with time -
Dialogue: 0,0:22:04.23,0:22:06.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A runaway universe.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:08.27,0:22:11.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,70% of the energy of the universe
Dialogue: 0,0:22:11.08,0:22:15.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,resides in empty space and we don't understand why.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:17.51,0:22:19.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But we do know what will happen.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:21.25,0:22:23.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If that energy continues to be there,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:23.81,0:22:27.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the universe will become cold and dark and empty.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:30.00,0:22:32.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's the future as it might be.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:33.01,0:22:34.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We don't know because
Dialogue: 0,0:22:34.54,0:22:37.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we don't yet understand the nature of dark energy.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:37.28,0:22:37.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,until we do,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:38.02,0:22:39.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we won't know the future,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:39.56,0:22:41.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we won't even understand our own origins
Dialogue: 0,0:22:41.78,0:22:43.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that's why we want to know
Dialogue: 0,0:22:43.25,0:22:45.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and study this subject.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:47.10,0:22:54.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Discovering the true nature of dark energy could change our vision of the future dramatically."
Dialogue: 0,0:22:55.89,0:23:02.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"If it somehow weakens over time, the universe could collapse under gravity - a 'big crunch'."
Dialogue: 0,0:23:04.10,0:23:10.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Given a boost, it could tear the universe apart at the seams - a 'big rip'."
Dialogue: 0,0:23:12.49,0:23:22.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Black hole era]\N"Physicists increasingly suspect that there may be multiple universes beyond our own, each with their own unique laws of physics."
Dialogue: 0,0:23:25.07,0:23:33.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Some would harbor the right conditions for life. Others could collapse or be ripped apart."
Dialogue: 0,0:23:35.37,0:23:41.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Others sill could be far more exotic than anything we could imagine."
Dialogue: 0,0:23:46.06,0:23:51.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"New pieces to this puzzle are out there somewhere, waiting to be found."
Dialogue: 0,0:23:52.58,0:23:54.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The forecast does seem to be for
Dialogue: 0,0:23:54.47,0:23:58.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an ever-colder, ever-emptier universe.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:02.98,0:24:04.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But then of course we have to ask,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:04.72,0:24:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Could that end lead to a new beginning?"
Dialogue: 0,0:24:10.49,0:24:13.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And there are ideas, whereby what actually is the end
Dialogue: 0,0:24:13.49,0:24:15.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of our universe, could in some sense,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:15.33,0:24:17.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,lead to the beginning of a new one.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:23.09,0:24:29.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Some speculate that there may be a way to escape our universe before entropy erases everything."
Dialogue: 0,0:24:32.06,0:24:38.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"We could create simulated virtual universes, or with enough energy, create another one just like our own."
Dialogue: 0,0:24:43.51,0:24:44.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've worked out the mathematics,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:44.97,0:24:45.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the equations,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:45.75,0:24:46.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they seem to say that
Dialogue: 0,0:24:46.74,0:24:48.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you have an atom smasher,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:48.76,0:24:50.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that can constrict tremendous
Dialogue: 0,0:24:50.75,0:24:52.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,amounts of energy at a single point,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:52.99,0:24:55.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can perhaps open up a gateway -
Dialogue: 0,0:24:55.51,0:24:56.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A 'Baby universe'
Dialogue: 0,0:25:02.74,0:25:06.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Facing the death of everything there is
Dialogue: 0,0:25:06.25,0:25:09.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this perhaps is their only possibility of escape.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:11.73,0:25:15.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this also raises a very intriguing possibility,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:15.01,0:25:16.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sheer pure speculation of course,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:17.02,0:25:20.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that perhaps any universe that has intelligent life in it,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:20.85,0:25:23.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will create baby universes, will create 'Lifeboats',
Dialogue: 0,0:25:23.79,0:25:25.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and will proliferate child universes.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:25.94,0:25:27.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and will proliferate child universes.\N[Last Black Hole evaporates]
Dialogue: 0,0:25:27.60,0:25:29.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Last Black Hole evaporates]
Dialogue: 0,0:25:29.74,0:25:33.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So an evolution may take place among universes,\N[Last Black Hole evaporates]
Dialogue: 0,0:25:33.50,0:25:34.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the multiverse.\N[Last Black Hole evaporates]
Dialogue: 0,0:25:34.76,0:25:38.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Survival of the fittest may take place.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:38.73,0:25:42.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So those universes which do not have intelligent life are 'Infertile',
Dialogue: 0,0:25:42.25,0:25:43.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they have no children.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:43.75,0:25:45.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But those universes that have
Dialogue: 0,0:25:45.39,0:25:47.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mild temperatures, stars like ours,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:47.77,0:25:50.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would create civilizations that could open up child universes
Dialogue: 0,0:25:50.98,0:25:54.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they would then proliferate.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:59.25,0:26:05.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"If there is no way to escape the universe, then entropy will march on, destroying the last remaining supermassive black holes."
Dialogue: 0,0:26:08.97,0:26:13.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"As the last one explodes and dies, it bathes the universe in light one last time."
Dialogue: 0,0:26:13.32,0:26:15.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Black Hole era]\N"As the last one explodes and dies, it bathes the universe in light one last time."
Dialogue: 0,0:26:15.79,0:26:16.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Last Black Hole evaporates]\N"As the last one explodes and dies, it bathes the universe in light one last time."
Dialogue: 0,0:27:11.49,0:27:11.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,THE END.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:24.48,0:27:27.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,After an unimaginable length of time,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:27.83,0:27:30.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even the black holes will have evaporated,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:31.04,0:27:32.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the universe will be
Dialogue: 0,0:27:32.83,0:27:35.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nothing but a sea of photons
Dialogue: 0,0:27:36.06,0:27:38.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,gradually tending towards the same temperature
Dialogue: 0,0:27:39.06,0:27:41.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as the expansion of the universe cools them
Dialogue: 0,0:27:41.92,0:27:43.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,towards absolute zero.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:57.49,0:27:59.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Once the very last remnants
Dialogue: 0,0:27:59.29,0:28:01.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the very last stars
Dialogue: 0,0:28:01.29,0:28:04.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have finally decayed away to nothing,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:04.29,0:28:07.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and everything reaches the same temperature,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:07.24,0:28:11.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the story of the universe finally comes to an end.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:12.36,0:28:14.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"TIME BECOMES MEANINGLESS"
Dialogue: 0,0:28:14.88,0:28:16.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For the first time in its life,\N"TIME BECOMES MEANINGLESS"
Dialogue: 0,0:28:16.96,0:28:20.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the universe will be permanent and unchanging.\N"TIME BECOMES MEANINGLESS"
Dialogue: 0,0:28:20.50,0:28:21.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"TIME BECOMES MEANINGLESS"
Dialogue: 0,0:28:21.30,0:28:24.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Entropy finally stops increasing, \N"TIME BECOMES MEANINGLESS"
Dialogue: 0,0:28:24.06,0:28:27.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because the cosmos cannot get any more disordered.\N"TIME BECOMES MEANINGLESS"
Dialogue: 0,0:28:27.98,0:28:28.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"TIME BECOMES MEANINGLESS"
Dialogue: 0,0:28:28.66,0:28:28.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nothing happens,\N"TIME BECOMES MEANINGLESS"
Dialogue: 0,0:28:28.78,0:28:28.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nothing happens,\N"TIME BECOMES MEANINGLESS
Dialogue: 0,0:28:28.90,0:28:29.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nothing happens,\N"TIME BECOMES MEANINGLESS,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:29.03,0:28:29.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nothing happens,\N"TIME BECOMES MEANINGLESS,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:29.16,0:28:29.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nothing happens,\N"TIME BECOMES MEANINGLESS, F
Dialogue: 0,0:28:29.28,0:28:29.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nothing happens,\N"TIME BECOMES MEANINGLESS, FO
Dialogue: 0,0:28:29.40,0:28:29.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nothing happens,\N"TIME BECOMES MEANINGLESS, FOR
Dialogue: 0,0:28:29.53,0:28:29.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nothing happens,\N"TIME BECOMES MEANINGLESS, FORE
Dialogue: 0,0:28:29.66,0:28:29.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nothing happens,\N"TIME BECOMES MEANINGLESS, FOREV
Dialogue: 0,0:28:29.78,0:28:29.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nothing happens,\N"TIME BECOMES MEANINGLESS, FOREVE
Dialogue: 0,0:28:29.90,0:28:30.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nothing happens,\N"TIME BECOMES MEANINGLESS, FOREVER
Dialogue: 0,0:28:30.03,0:28:30.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nothing happens,\N"TIME BECOMES MEANINGLESS, FOREVER.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:30.40,0:28:32.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it keeps not happening,\N"TIME BECOMES MEANINGLESS, FOREVER.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:32.12,0:28:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"TIME BECOMES MEANINGLESS, FOREVER.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:33.00,0:28:33.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"TIME BECOMES MEANINGLESS, {\b1}FOREVER.{\b0}"
Dialogue: 0,0:28:33.78,0:28:35.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"TIME BECOMES MEANINGLESS, {\b1}FOREVER.{\b0}"
Dialogue: 0,0:28:37.23,0:28:45.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Everything has its wonders, even darkness and silence...\N...and I learn, whatever state I may be in, therein to be content."\N- Helen Keller
Dialogue: 0,0:28:47.79,0:28:51.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CRAFTED BY MELODYSHEEP
Dialogue: 0,0:28:53.36,0:28:53.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Supported by:
Dialogue: 0,0:28:53.97,0:28:55.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Supported by:\NProtocol Labs
Dialogue: 0,0:28:55.91,0:28:56.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Protocol Labs\N
Dialogue: 0,0:28:56.33,0:28:56.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Protocol Labs\NWhat will you discover?\N
Dialogue: 0,0:28:56.89,0:28:58.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Protocol Labs\NWhat will you discover?\NHow will you change the future?
Dialogue: 0,0:28:58.60,0:28:58.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What will you discover?\NHow will you change the future?
Dialogue: 0,0:28:59.50,0:29:00.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Featuring the voices of:
Dialogue: 0,0:29:00.50,0:29:00.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Featuring the voices of:\NDavid Attenborough
Dialogue: 0,0:29:00.75,0:29:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Featuring the voices of:\NCraig Childs
Dialogue: 0,0:29:01.00,0:29:01.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Featuring the voices of:\NBrian Cox
Dialogue: 0,0:29:01.25,0:29:01.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Featuring the voices of:\NNeil Degrasse Tyson
Dialogue: 0,0:29:01.50,0:29:01.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Featuring the voices of:\NMichelle Thaller
Dialogue: 0,0:29:01.75,0:29:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Featuring the voices of:\NLawrence Krauss
Dialogue: 0,0:29:02.00,0:29:02.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Featuring the voices of:\NMichio Kaku
Dialogue: 0,0:29:02.25,0:29:02.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Featuring the voices of:\NMike Rowe
Dialogue: 0,0:29:02.50,0:29:02.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Featuring the voices of:\NPhil Plait
Dialogue: 0,0:29:02.75,0:29:03.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Featuring the voices of:\NJanna Levin
Dialogue: 0,0:29:03.00,0:29:03.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Featuring the voices of:\NStephen Hawking
Dialogue: 0,0:29:03.25,0:29:03.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Featuring the voices of:\NSean Carroll
Dialogue: 0,0:29:03.50,0:29:03.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Featuring the voices of:\NAlex Filippenko
Dialogue: 0,0:29:03.75,0:29:04.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Featuring the voices of:\NMartin Rees
Dialogue: 0,0:29:05.60,0:29:09.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thanks to:\NJuan Benet & my supporters on Patreon\NPatreon.com/melodysheep
Dialogue: 0,0:29:11.08,0:29:13.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,MELODYSHEEP.COM | @MUSICALSCIENCE
Dialogue: 0,0:29:15.06,0:29:16.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For Ash