[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.00,0:00:08.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[MUSIC]
Dialogue: 0,0:00:08.53,0:00:10.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hi, there language learning aficionados.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.01,0:00:12.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is Keith Swayne at Five Arrows again.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:12.59,0:00:17.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've been talking in my previous\Nvideos about the difference
Dialogue: 0,0:00:17.57,0:00:23.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,between proficiency and achievement or\Nproficiency and fluency.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.05,0:00:28.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Today, I wanna talk about different levels\Nof proficiency and what those look like.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.24,0:00:32.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When you think of yourself\Nspeaking another language,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:32.03,0:00:36.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you'll find some of these descriptions\Nare helpful to peg the level at
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.79,0:00:40.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which you are able to perform\Ncertain tasks in a language.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.76,0:00:45.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When people are learning languages,\Nthey always move through
Dialogue: 0,0:00:45.100,0:00:51.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a particular series of levels of skill and\Nthis is very helpful.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:51.35,0:00:53.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I have people joining our classes,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:53.21,0:00:56.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I asked them to take a look at a chart on\Na website which I'm gonna be referring to.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.96,0:01:01.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You'll see my eyes looking over on other\Nparts of my computer screen here as I look
Dialogue: 0,0:01:01.46,0:01:03.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at some of the descriptions.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.12,0:01:08.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I ask students to take a look and\Nsee what describes them the best.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.75,0:01:11.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,With a chart like the one\Nthat's on my website,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:11.88,0:01:15.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you're able to figure out\Nexactly what level you're at.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:15.72,0:01:18.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It also helps you figure\Nout what you need to do or
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.56,0:01:22.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what you need to be able to do in order\Nto speak at a new proficiency level.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.91,0:01:25.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if you're a beginner in Polish,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.32,0:01:30.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what would it look like if you were\Nan intermediate speaker of Polish?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.06,0:01:33.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And what should you be doing in\Norder to reach that next level?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.24,0:01:36.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It hardly matters what you study or\Nwhat kind of a program you use.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.83,0:01:40.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You will progress in the same\Norder of development.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.66,0:01:43.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So let's take a look at a few of these.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.26,0:01:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And again, as I said, I'm referring\Nto something else on my screen.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.00,0:01:52.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,First, let me talk about the very\Nfirst level of proficiency and
Dialogue: 0,0:01:52.38,0:01:57.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is describing something between\Nabsolute beginners and a novice.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.34,0:02:01.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's various levels of novice, but an\Nabsolute beginner is a person who doesn't
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.88,0:02:05.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,really have any ability at all in\Ntheir target language and that's fine.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:05.80,0:02:09.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's the starting point for everyone\Nat some point including in English.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.52,0:02:14.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's where you're at, but\Na person who studies a new
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.80,0:02:20.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,language will soon move to\Na novice level of proficiency.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:20.30,0:02:24.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And a high novice level speaker of\Na new language can use maybe 50 or
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.88,0:02:30.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,100 words in their new language, they're\Nable to do some really basic things.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.51,0:02:35.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They're able to survive in\Nthe most predictable situations
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.51,0:02:38.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by using rehearsed words and phrases.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.75,0:02:41.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There can't be any surprises for a novice.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.50,0:02:45.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if there are any surprises,\Nthey are quickly lost.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.68,0:02:50.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It doesn't take very long to move from the\Nnovice level to the intermediate level.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.38,0:02:53.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And an intermediate student\Nof a new language looks very
Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.82,0:02:55.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,different from a novice.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.44,0:02:59.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,An intermediate student can start\Na conversation and end one,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.81,0:03:05.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can order food from a menu, can tell time\Nand the days of the week and the dates.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.26,0:03:10.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,An intermediate student is able to make\Npurchases in their target language.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.41,0:03:14.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Maybe get directions on foot or\Nin a vehicle, can introduce themselves and
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.03,0:03:18.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,get some personal information about\Nthe person they're speaking with.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:18.29,0:03:22.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they are able to distinguish\Nbetween formal and informal address if
Dialogue: 0,0:03:22.99,0:03:27.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you're speaking Spanish or French,\Nor Portuguese, or something.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.61,0:03:30.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You'll know there's a difference between\Nthe way that you speak to somebody that
Dialogue: 0,0:03:30.36,0:03:31.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know well and somebody you don't.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:31.68,0:03:35.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They're able to maintain\Nvery simple face to face
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.89,0:03:40.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,conversations with lots of mistakes,\Nthat's fine.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:40.50,0:03:42.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But now, they're beginning\Nto function this language.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.99,0:03:45.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is an intermediate student.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.28,0:03:50.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But again, they're looking at\Npredictable uses of the language.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:50.83,0:03:55.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What you'll find is that the time that\Nit takes you to move from a novice to
Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.36,0:03:59.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an intermediate is doubled when you\Ngo from intermediate to advanced.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.83,0:04:03.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And when you move from advanced to\Nadvanced plus or to superior or
Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.81,0:04:08.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to distinguished levels of proficiency,\Neach level takes twice as long or
Dialogue: 0,0:04:08.45,0:04:10.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more than the previous level.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.38,0:04:11.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that's helpful.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:11.63,0:04:16.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So sometimes you'll say, I feel like\NI'm at a plateau in my target language.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:16.65,0:04:17.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's completely normal.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:17.96,0:04:20.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It just takes longer to get to\Nthe next level of proficiency.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:20.50,0:04:22.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And keep going, you're gonna do fine.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:22.52,0:04:27.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's impossible to keep working on your\Nlanguages and not become bilingual if
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.27,0:04:32.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you're just following a few basic rules,\Nand that's another video to come up.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.17,0:04:34.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's talk about advanced\Nlevels of proficiency.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:34.87,0:04:39.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,An advanced student, this is not\Na perfect speaker of the language.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:39.82,0:04:43.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And sometimes when people are calling\Nme about advanced Spanish classes or
Dialogue: 0,0:04:43.69,0:04:46.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,French classes,\Nthey'll say I don't know if I'm advanced,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.95,0:04:49.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because they're freaked\Nout by the term advanced.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:49.67,0:04:51.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Advanced doesn't mean perfect.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:51.58,0:04:56.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Advanced means someone who has a pretty\Ngood idea of how the language works.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:56.30,0:05:00.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you are an advanced student, you have\Nprobably worked through some kind of
Dialogue: 0,0:05:00.07,0:05:03.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a textbook and you know the basic\Nstructures of your language,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:03.15,0:05:05.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,does it have genders like masculine and\Nfeminine.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.68,0:05:06.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How did the verbs work?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:06.85,0:05:09.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What's roughly the word order?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:09.04,0:05:11.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Are there any weird\Nsounds in this language?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:11.87,0:05:15.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You got a picture, it doesn't mean\Nthat you've mastered everything or
Dialogue: 0,0:05:15.80,0:05:18.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even that all the things\Nthat you studied and
Dialogue: 0,0:05:18.19,0:05:21.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,maybe tried to memorize that\Nyou can use them perfectly.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:21.29,0:05:25.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's a different thing, but\Nadvanced means you've got a handle on it.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:25.77,0:05:27.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Your pronunciation is always intelligible.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:27.88,0:05:28.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's not perfect.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.64,0:05:32.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You might be easily recognized as\Na native speaker of something else.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:32.87,0:05:38.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It means that you could exchange\Na basic message over the phone.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:38.02,0:05:39.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Generally speaking,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:39.46,0:05:44.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can understand maybe 80% of what's\Ngoing on in a simple conversation.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:44.50,0:05:48.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the people who are speaking with you\Ncan understand 80% of what you're saying,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:48.25,0:05:51.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but there's still mistakes and\Nthere's still difficulties.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.04,0:05:51.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's still challenges.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.91,0:05:59.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The communication works when\Nyou're at advanced level.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:59.57,0:06:03.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So when you're at an intermediate level,\Nyou can survive.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:03.86,0:06:07.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is what we mean when we say\Nthings like I can get by in.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:07.51,0:06:10.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I can get by in Greek.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:10.35,0:06:12.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It means I can survive.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:12.62,0:06:15.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I could handle basic situations.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:15.19,0:06:19.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I can combine the words and phrases that\NI've learned before to get my way around,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:19.21,0:06:22.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it's far from perfect, and\Nsometimes it's really confusing.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:22.61,0:06:23.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's intermediate.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:23.75,0:06:27.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Advanced means I can\Nhave a conversation and
Dialogue: 0,0:06:27.24,0:06:31.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I might not pass myself\Noff as a native speaker.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:31.02,0:06:36.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, I can't quite at that level, but\NI don't need a predictable situation.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:36.57,0:06:41.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If I run into somebody who speaks\Nmy target language, we can talk for
Dialogue: 0,0:06:41.28,0:06:44.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a half an hour in connected discourse.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:44.01,0:06:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Meaning, sentence after sentence\Nwithout large pauses and hesitation.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:48.00,0:06:51.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And sure, you stop and you look for a word\Nand you mix up your word order and you say
Dialogue: 0,0:06:51.80,0:06:55.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some things that aren't quite right and\Nmaybe make an embarrassing mistake.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:55.57,0:07:00.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's still at an advanced level,\Nbut getting beyond an advanced level
Dialogue: 0,0:07:00.22,0:07:04.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,means that you're able to perhaps\Nwork in your target language,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:04.36,0:07:07.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that you don't avoid certain\Nfeatures of a language.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.82,0:07:11.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I know when I was learning Spanish, one of\Nthe things that I did early on is I would
Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.96,0:07:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,talk in the present tense all the time.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:14.00,0:07:16.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Everything was as if\Nit's happening now and
Dialogue: 0,0:07:16.06,0:07:19.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then I'd add in some words like yesterday,\NI'm going downtown.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:19.17,0:07:22.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Two years ago, I am talking with my\Nfriends and I'm doing this and that.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:22.09,0:07:26.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I was avoiding certain structures and I\Nknow that a lot of my advanced students in
Dialogue: 0,0:07:26.96,0:07:31.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Spanish will avoid the subjunctive,\Nbecause it's so different from English.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:31.77,0:07:34.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When you get to a superior\Nlevel in your target language,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:34.68,0:07:37.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then you don't avoid certain\Ngrammatical features.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:37.50,0:07:42.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Another thing that differs\Nbetween advanced and superior.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:42.17,0:07:44.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sometimes even when you're\Nan advanced level in language,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:44.79,0:07:46.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I know that this has happened to me.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:46.33,0:07:49.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You start a sentence and you get\Nhalfway through it and you think, no,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:49.76,0:07:51.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I can't finish this sentence.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:51.24,0:07:54.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No matter what I do, I don't know how\NI'm gonna find a way around this.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:54.80,0:07:59.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At a superior level,\Nyou can finish any sentence you start.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:59.53,0:08:03.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sometimes in an advanced level, you can't\Nfinish it in anyway that you thought of.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:03.50,0:08:07.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And you have to step back and say, okay,\Nhow will I say this in some other way?
Dialogue: 0,0:08:07.38,0:08:08.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Can I paraphrase this?
Dialogue: 0,0:08:08.65,0:08:11.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Can I find some other way around?
Dialogue: 0,0:08:11.10,0:08:14.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Can I draw a picture on\Na napkin to get the job done?
Dialogue: 0,0:08:14.78,0:08:16.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's called circumlocution.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:16.93,0:08:20.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Talking my way around what I\Nwas trying to say directly, but
Dialogue: 0,0:08:20.47,0:08:23.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a superior student can\Ncomplete any sentence.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:23.31,0:08:25.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They can participate in a conversation\Nbetween native speakers.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:25.79,0:08:28.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sometimes when we're speaking\Nwith native speakers,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:28.29,0:08:29.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they adjust the way that they talk.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:29.89,0:08:33.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because they recognize that we're\Nnot really all the way there yet and
Dialogue: 0,0:08:33.76,0:08:35.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they'll slow it down a little bit, and
Dialogue: 0,0:08:35.93,0:08:39.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,keep their word choices\Na little bit simple or simpler.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:39.04,0:08:41.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But when you are at a superior level,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:41.22,0:08:45.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the people you're talking with\Ndon't adjust their language at all.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:45.38,0:08:49.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Some people who speak your target language\Ndon't know how to talk to foreigners and
Dialogue: 0,0:08:49.59,0:08:53.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that makes it really difficult for you\Nif you're at an intermediate level, and
Dialogue: 0,0:08:53.62,0:08:56.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sometimes even if you're\Nin an advanced level.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:56.12,0:08:58.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But at a superior level,\Nyou might not catch everything.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:58.90,0:09:01.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But you're okay talking with\Nnative speakers in the way that
Dialogue: 0,0:09:01.96,0:09:02.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they usually talk.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:02.98,0:09:05.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You're able to understand\Nthe information over the phone.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:05.29,0:09:09.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You're able to take notes when\Nyou're listening to somebody talking
Dialogue: 0,0:09:09.17,0:09:10.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the language.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:10.03,0:09:14.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You're able to communicate\Nclearly with a group of people,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:14.24,0:09:16.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even on professional subjects.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:16.57,0:09:19.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's some technical subjects other\Nthan just sort of the day to day stuff.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:19.70,0:09:25.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You're able to get through\Ncommon blunders and mistakes.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:25.21,0:09:26.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's super helpful.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:26.42,0:09:31.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Learning how to handle the problem\Nif you can't finish a sentence or
Dialogue: 0,0:09:31.27,0:09:34.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you don't know how to say something and
Dialogue: 0,0:09:34.24,0:09:37.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you've really blown it\Nknowing how to handle that.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:37.98,0:09:42.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A superior student is able to understand\Nconversations between native speakers and
Dialogue: 0,0:09:42.99,0:09:47.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can serve as an interpreter for people\Nwho don't speak that target language.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:47.65,0:09:49.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Again, it might not be quite perfect.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:49.36,0:09:53.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But at a superior level,\Nyour knowledge of your native language and
Dialogue: 0,0:09:53.35,0:09:57.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your target language is good enough\Nthat you can handle exchanges for
Dialogue: 0,0:09:57.42,0:10:01.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,other people and you're able to\Ncarry out job responsibilities.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:01.37,0:10:02.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You could actually work\Nin your target language.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:02.95,0:10:04.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's another level yet,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:04.87,0:10:08.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is the distinguished\Nlevel of language proficiency.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:08.78,0:10:14.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is a person who practically never\Nmakes mistakes in the target language,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:14.30,0:10:19.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is always understood by native speakers\Nwhen they're talking with them.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:19.58,0:10:23.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A distinguished speaker is able\Nto understand jokes and puns.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:23.58,0:10:28.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's a tricky thing, when you can\Nunderstand jokes and puns spontaneously
Dialogue: 0,0:10:28.27,0:10:32.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without preparation, without reading\Nthem in advance or something.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:32.55,0:10:36.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And somebody's making a joke or\Nwordplay and you can follow it.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:36.80,0:10:41.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A distinguished person is able to convey\Nexact meanings on various subjects,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:41.32,0:10:45.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,including professional things and\Ntalking about feelings and opinions and
Dialogue: 0,0:10:45.70,0:10:46.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that sort of thing.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:46.88,0:10:51.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's one thing to be able to explain\Nanything that happens in your life in
Dialogue: 0,0:10:51.16,0:10:53.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,tangible, physical objects.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:53.06,0:10:57.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But when you start talking about your\Nfeelings and emotions and your opinions
Dialogue: 0,0:10:57.90,0:11:02.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about politics or the way your business\Nshould run, that's a higher level yet.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:02.98,0:11:05.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's more what we would call\Ndistinguished proficiency.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:05.78,0:11:10.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is a significant understanding\Nof target language culture and
Dialogue: 0,0:11:10.80,0:11:15.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's one thing that is really\Nimportant to your development in
Dialogue: 0,0:11:15.56,0:11:18.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,proficiency in your target language.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:18.43,0:11:22.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A distinguished speaker is also\Nable to adjust their speech to
Dialogue: 0,0:11:22.89,0:11:26.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,accommodate whatever situation they're in.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:26.33,0:11:30.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So for example, if you are involved\Nin explaining a legal position before
Dialogue: 0,0:11:30.26,0:11:33.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a judge, you talk differently\Nthan the way that you talk with
Dialogue: 0,0:11:33.50,0:11:36.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your buddies when you're having\Na coffee in the coffee shop.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:36.82,0:11:39.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is a different register.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:39.29,0:11:44.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Register is a reference\Nto a level of formality.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:44.32,0:11:49.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A distinguished speaker\Nrecognizes that and adjusts.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:49.63,0:11:51.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A native level speaker is,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:51.92,0:11:57.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is the holy grail of language\Nstudents and we all hope to get there.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:57.92,0:12:00.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The real truth is that as adults,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:00.31,0:12:05.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,most of us will not become native level\Nproficient in a foreign language.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:05.62,0:12:10.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Although some of us get pretty close,\Ndepending on how early we started and
Dialogue: 0,0:12:10.59,0:12:14.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,our motivation level and\Nthe amount of time that we put into it.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:14.78,0:12:16.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And of course, if you take my classes,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:16.82,0:12:19.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you have a better chance than\Nwhatever else you're doing.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:19.92,0:12:24.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But native level proficiency\Nmeans that you are treated
Dialogue: 0,0:12:24.12,0:12:26.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like a native by outside speakers.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:26.81,0:12:29.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You're in a conversation and\Nyou're one of the gang.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:29.05,0:12:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They don't adjust things to\Ntreat you as a foreigner.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:33.00,0:12:37.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You feel more or less at home in your\Ntarget language as you do in English and
Dialogue: 0,0:12:37.38,0:12:42.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sometimes you feel you're at home more\Nwhen you're speaking your second language
Dialogue: 0,0:12:42.33,0:12:43.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than your first language.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:43.97,0:12:46.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You're really an insider at this point.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:46.28,0:12:48.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Another test, this is a tricky one.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:48.54,0:12:52.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you can do mental math in your target\Nlanguage, if you can sit there and
Dialogue: 0,0:12:52.69,0:12:55.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,do calculations in your head\Nin your target language.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:55.84,0:12:59.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Wow, you've really accomplished something,\Nbecause that is not a simple task and
Dialogue: 0,0:12:59.46,0:13:01.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,most language students can't do that.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:01.21,0:13:03.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When you are a native speaker,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:03.32,0:13:08.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's when you would say that you\Nare completely bilingual and bicultural.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:08.68,0:13:13.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You function in this language\Njust like your own language.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:13.11,0:13:17.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In real life for most of us as\Nlanguage students we're somewhere
Dialogue: 0,0:13:17.82,0:13:21.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,else on the proficiency scale\Nother than native level.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:21.93,0:13:26.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you grew up with two languages,\Nif you're the the child of a missionary or
Dialogue: 0,0:13:26.79,0:13:30.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you were a diplomat's\Nkid in another country and
Dialogue: 0,0:13:30.06,0:13:35.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,grew up with a couple of languages, then\Nit's very possible that you might be very,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:35.46,0:13:38.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,very native like in in two or\Nmore languages.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:38.36,0:13:43.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But if you're a person like me who\Ngrew up in a mono lingual home and
Dialogue: 0,0:13:43.57,0:13:49.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,spoke only English in your home and\Nthen started to pick up languages.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:49.17,0:13:51.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Especially as an adult as I did,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:51.16,0:13:55.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then you're probably somewhere\Nelse in the proficiency scale.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:55.22,0:13:58.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And of course, your proficiency in\Nvarious languages will be different.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:58.99,0:14:02.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In some languages,\Nyou'll have a high level of proficiency.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:02.84,0:14:04.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in other languages, it will be lower.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:04.82,0:14:08.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it's very helpful for\Ndescribing your language skill.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:08.57,0:14:12.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And when you're talking with somebody else\Nand they tell you that they speak another
Dialogue: 0,0:14:12.92,0:14:15.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,language fluently,\Nyou don't know what that means.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:15.75,0:14:19.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So using a proficiency scale is very\Nhelpful andat the bottom of the screen,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:19.96,0:14:25.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'll put a reference to the chart on my\Nwebsite that describes proficiency levels.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:25.34,0:14:29.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I hope this was helpful for you and\NI look forward to talking to you again.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:29.81,0:14:30.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thanks, bye, bye.