0:02:18.959,0:02:23.961
(2:19 D. Koller) Hi everyone! It's a real privilege for me to be able to speak with you

0:02:23.961,0:02:29.162
and thank you all for the amazing contributions that you're all making

0:02:29.162,0:02:34.216
toward making education accessible to a much, much larger number of people.

0:02:34.763,0:02:39.234
I'd also like to start off by thanking not only you, the individual volunteers,

0:02:39.234,0:02:43.604
but also the organizations that have been working with us here at Coursera

0:02:44.218,0:02:48.808
to help you and to help us with this amazing project.

0:02:48.808,0:02:54.048
And these include GUOKR in China, the Lemann Foundation in Brazil,

0:02:54.401,0:02:59.372
ABBYY Language services in Russia, the Slim Foundation in Mexico

0:02:59.581,0:03:04.714
and many other organizations that we hope will come on board soon and (unclear ...ully)

0:03:05.638,0:03:08.808
or that are already with us in order to help this translation project.

0:03:09.603,0:03:13.252
Coursera has always been an international platform.

0:03:13.252,0:03:22.065
As it happens, both my co-founder Andrew Ng and myself are not originally from the United States.

0:03:22.065,0:03:26.510
I grew up in Israel and Andrew grew up in Hong Kong and Singapore.

0:03:27.020,0:03:33.772
And so, we've always realized the importance of having an effort that spans the globe

0:03:33.772,0:03:36.205
and appeals -- and that's accessible to everyone.

0:03:37.542,0:03:41.038
In fact, even from the earliest days of the MOOC effort,

0:03:41.631,0:03:49.240
we had only 40% of the audience from the United States, 60% from outside the United States.

0:03:49.240,0:03:54.068
And that fraction of people outside the United States has only been growing over time,

0:03:54.068,0:03:58.784
where (check) now only a third of our audience comes from the United States.

0:03:59.317,0:04:09.820
And so, we're really excited to have -- to be able to expand that reach to an even larger number of people.

0:04:10.385,0:04:16.269
Half or more of our users are currently from countries where the primary language is not English.

0:04:16.786,0:04:19.511
Now, this is pretty incredible when you think about this.

0:04:19.778,0:04:21.601
Our courses are hard.

0:04:21.864,0:04:26.247
They're hard even if you're listening to them in your native language.

0:04:26.520,0:04:30.438
And if you're listening to them in a language where you have to simultaneously

0:04:30.438,0:04:34.753
think about understanding what's being said as well as to understand the material,

0:04:34.753,0:04:37.809
I mean, that's really an incredible challenge,

0:04:37.809,0:04:43.858
and it's quite amazing that these many people have been able to deal with that,

0:04:43.858,0:04:49.606
but at the same time, we realize that there's many many more for whom this is a barrier,

0:04:49.606,0:04:55.100
that is, that their inability to simultaneously understand English and the content

0:04:55.100,0:04:59.557
prevents them from having the benefit of access to our courses.

0:05:00.492,0:05:06.947
And so, because of that, we knew that we needed to make Coursera more accessible

0:05:06.947,0:05:12.354
and a better place for learners all over the world, regardless of what their native language is.

0:05:12.651,0:05:15.924
And so, we've been doing a number of things to help move that along,

0:05:15.924,0:05:20.865
we've been partnering with institutions that teach in native languages other than English,

0:05:20.865,0:05:28.819
and currently, we have, I think, ten different -- nine different languages offered on the platform

0:05:28.819,0:05:31.271
and we hope to increase both the number of languages

0:05:31.271,0:05:34.421
as well as the number of courses in each of those languages,

0:05:34.683,0:05:39.066
to make a much broader range of content available to people.

0:05:39.840,0:05:44.887
We've internationalized the user interface of the platform into six languages,

0:05:44.887,0:05:48.458
so as to make people whose native language is that language

0:05:48.458,0:05:50.449
feel at home when they came onto the site.

0:05:50.750,0:05:56.110
And now, in what I think is likely to be our biggest-impact project yet

0:05:56.405,0:05:59.735
in terms of increasing access regardless of language barriers,

0:06:00.013,0:06:02.698
we have the Global Translation Community project,

0:06:02.698,0:06:07.378
lead by my amazing colleagues Sébastien and Eli, here

0:06:07.387,0:06:10.310
and it's a -- all the credit goes to them, by the way.

0:06:11.867,0:06:17.328
So, we've been just awe-struck by the passion and commitment

0:06:17.328,0:06:22.775
that we've seen among all of you in joining this effort.

0:06:23.020,0:06:30.482
And I know we've heard from many of you that for you, this is an opportunity to give something back

0:06:31.636,0:06:39.312
but it's sort of, you know, I think there is an amazing opportunity here of free, high-quality education

0:06:39.312,0:06:43.654
and this is a way for you to share that education with people that,

0:06:43.654,0:06:49.564
you now, might not otherwise have access tools -- in many cases your fellow country-people

0:06:50.030,0:06:57.440
and it's really amazing that you decided to give of your time, your energy and your passions

0:06:57.451,0:06:58.590
to make that possible.

0:06:59.564,0:07:05.518
And I know that many people in your countries and in other countries that speak the same language

0:07:05.518,0:07:10.387
will be very grateful for your effort and I know we are as well: so thank you all.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
(7:12 E. Bildner) Thank you, thank you so much for that introduction (inaudible) Daphne.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Again, just as I mentioned, my name is Eli and I work on the International Grow team

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and we'll field some of the great questions that we're seeing coming in.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Just a couple of logistical notes:

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I see there are a few questions about the nature of the community logistics

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and Sébastien and I will get to those, I guess after (inaudible) Daphne.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So we'll let Daphne talk about more (inaudible) about Coursera and international growth.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
In a second (check) I see there are a couple more comments about the hangout being a little bit hard to hear,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
if you're watching through YouTube, it might be better to click through to the link to the live hangout

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and close the YouTube tab.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
You can only hear it once. I hope that will take care of that.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So, with that started, with that all said, I wanted to - let's see,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I saw a question here about the effect, you know,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
what impact Coursera will have on the globalization of higher education.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So, I guess, you characteristically (check) talked about that,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
you know, what does this mean for having universities in many different countries

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
(inaudible) worldwide higher education (inaudible)

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
(8:23 D. Koller) So I think, in some sense, this is a tremendous opportunity

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
for higher education and for the world

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
because it allows people to see education as it's offered in parts of the world

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that many will just never have the opportunity to visit

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and so, you can view this as a way of allowing people

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
to share perspectives and opinions across national boundaries

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and many of our courses, in fact, are very much contextualized.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So for example, if you're teaching a course on sociology

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
or on sustainability or on business, or many other topics,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
the perspectives that you'd get from someone in China

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
is very different from what you would get from someone in Nigeria or in the United States.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So this ability to really get these diverse points of view and share those with other learners

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
is really, I think, one of the things that both the learners on our platform get (inaudible)

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
also the instructors who are teaching benefit a lot from this.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So I think that's one aspect of globalization.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The other aspect, I think, is just the capacity issue that is present in many parts of the world.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Those of us who live in countries that are -- where the educational infrastructure is better developed

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
often take for granted the ability that we have to just sign up for a college

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and obviously, we have to pass the admission criteria,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
but if we do, then there is a place for us and we have the opportunity to learn;

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
but in many parts of the world, that's just not true.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And there are people that would dearly love to have the opportunity for an educational experience

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and that opportunity is just not there for them,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
because of a lack of capacity in the educational system,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
because they don't have enough money,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
because of social circumstances and -- or economic circumstances --

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and this really, I think, allows the opportunity for people in those countries

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
to have access to something that just otherwise would not exist.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And hopefully, over time, the educational infrastructure will catch up,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
maybe, perhaps, to some extent by having that content there

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that helps further development and create more qualified instructors within the country.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And so we hope to use this as a spur to develop

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
-- to spur the development of educational infrastructure around the world.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
(10:52 E. Bildner) Daphne, I guess we're seeing a couple of other questions come in.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
How do you see Coursera interacting with other online initiatives in --

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that are specifically focused on individual countries, you know,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Coursera is an international platform, but there are lots of local resources (inaudible) to you

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and how do you see that interaction working?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
(11:12 D. Koller) So I think there is a diverse -- with this move towards online education

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that really started out with the efforts that Andrew and I did at Stanford in September 2001,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
there is now realization that there is a big opportunity there,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and there is a number of initiatives that are coming up to leverage that and move that forward.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
You know, I think that some of these are efforts that are very,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
in some sense, complementary to what we're doing.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So, for example, there are portals in certain countries, like Nadees (check) portal for example,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that is one of our Chinese partners, that really point to great content from Coursera,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
from Khan Academy, from other resources

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and serve as a place where people in that country can find out about great educational content.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
(inaudible) a little bit more similar to what we're doing, so you could view this,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
they're trying to do the same thing, but perhaps focused on the needs of that particular country

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and I think that's totally fine, because there is a limited capacity to what we can host on Coursera

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
in terms of university partners,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and so if you have a site that says "I'm going to allow the many universities within a given country

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that can't be on Coursera to still offer content in language, in -- you know, that's really,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that's about local -- that really focus on aspects that are tied to the local culture (check)"

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I think that's absolutely fine.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
(12:47 E. Bildner) Thanks. We get a great question coming in from Akhrum Dahab (check),

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I guess n Tchad. Thank you, Akhram.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
"What would you do to help people from poor countries with limited connection speed,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
like Tchad where I live?"

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
(12:59 D. Koller) Well, first of all, thank you so much for joining us from Tchad.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
That's very far away and it's wonderful that people from all over the world are part of this effort.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So thank you for participating.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We completely realize that there are serious infrastructure issues

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
in allowing people from parts of the world where broadband internet, for example,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
is not readily available, to access our kind of content.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And so, there is a two-part answer to this.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The first is that the digital divide is a prevalent problem

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that we at Coursera are not going to be the solution for,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
because there are only so many problems that an organization can tackle.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But fortunately, there is a number of organizations, governments and NGOs,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that are working to try and overcome those infrastructure issues in a much broader basis

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and we're delighted to see that happening.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
There's been tremendous progress in India, for example, recently,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and I hope other countries will follow suit.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
At the same time, we're doing what we can on our side, until that happens, to try and increase access.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And that includes programs like the Global Translation Community,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
which hope (check) to overcome language barriers,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
the significant effort that we've made on building mobile apps

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that allow those people who access the internet primarily by their mobile device

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
to have a much better experience, and that's specifically, I think,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
common in developing countries.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And then there is a number of efforts that we've made in the Learning Hub project,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
which are these physical spaces that have high broadband internet connectivity

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
in places like US embassies, or the digital libraries of the Slim foundation in Mexico and Latin America,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
as well as a number of other partners that we have around the world

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that provide local hubs where people who don't necessarily have access to the internet

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
can come and study quietly, often with the guidance of the (inaudible)

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and we see amazing learning outcomes in those places,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
with much higher completion rates than we see in just the general population,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and people having incredible experiences with that.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And so that's another thing that we've done.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
(15:20 E. Bildner) Thanks, Daphne. A couple of other questions:

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Interesting one here from Hoda's (check), if I'm mispronouncing your name, Injay (check) in a --

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
not sure where you come from, it's an interesting question:

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
"Will Coursera be focusing on elistic education, as in knowledge for the sake of knowledge,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
or will be filling the gaps in reward system"

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
so, I guess, more of a kind of vocational education.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
How do you think about that (inaudible) about Coursera's place is?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
(D. Koller) So, we're committed to education in multiple forms.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We believe that it's wonderful that, if someone wants to study poetry or philosophy,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
we think that has an important place, even though that might not, for most people,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
be along their career projectory (check).

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
At the same time, we also realize that, for many people, one of their goals in education

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
is to increase their ability to provide for themselves and their families,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and have access to a more, you know, stimulating job than they currently do.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And so we really try to do both things:

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
we have a very broad range of disciplines represented on our platform,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
including music and the arts and philosophy, and archeology

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
a whole bunch of topics like that, but also we simply --

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
there's a whole lot of topics that are much more applied,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and if you call them "vocational" in the sense that they cater only to academic disciplines,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
but there are things like Android development, (inaudible) science,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
programming, finance, accounting,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
things that are really very much in line with the possibility of getting a better job.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Our recently launched specializations also are very much in that vein,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
because there's not only a curriculum that allows -- that spans multiple courses

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
(inaudible) to achieve mastery in a given discipline that can really give much stronger chances of a better job,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
but is also accompanied with a capstone project, like a final project

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that allows learners to demonstrate their ability to apply their skills in the context of the real world.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Problem (check) in that gets -- that's something that can get,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
be used as a part of their portfolio when applying for a job.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And so, we believe that we'd like to give those learners who want this

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
the opportunity to use the educational platform in order to make a better life for themselves.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
(17:46 E. Bildner) Thanks Daphne. Interesting question here from Andres.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Andres asks "Udacity just recently decided to discontinue their free certification program,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
so you changed (inaudible) somewhat. What's Coursera's view on, I guess, that."

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But I guess, more generally, how do we think about for the importance of free education

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and I guess, incorporating that into our own business and long term strategy?"

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
(18:10 D. Koller) So, we are very committed to the notion of free education,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and having the content remain free and available to everyone.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
(18:22) We have two kinds of outcomes, if you will, that we offer learners currently on the platform

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and we view them quite differently.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
(18:32) There is our verified certificate and our statement of accomplishment.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
(18:38) We view the statement of accomplishment not as a credential or a certificate.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We view that as more of a memento that the learner can say:

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
"OK, I feel good because I took something away with me from the course."

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It's not a credential because it doesn't have any kind of validation associated with it.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It's not identity-verified, so Eli here can take the class in my place and get a certificate

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that says "Daphne Koller" and it's not, you know,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
there is no guarantee that I was the one who did the work, and in fact it's Eli who did the work.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So -- and furthermore, creating one of these statements of accomplishment is really easy,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
you can take the PDF and you can (inaudible),

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
you know, I can put my name instead of Eli's name --

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
(E. Bildner 19:22) Don't try this at home.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
(D. Koller) OK, don't try this athome (laughter)

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But the point is that there is no academic integrity associated with the statement of accomplishment:

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
it's a memento.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The verified certificate that we offer as part of our Signature Track is a credential.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It's identity-verified, it's unforgeable because it has a (inaudible: ...ation) code.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It's true that that one does have a modest cost, you know, $40-50 is about typical,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
but at the same time, we have from the very beginning, day 1,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
have had a financial aid program, so that learners from backgrounds

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that don't allow them to afford that $40 or $50, can still basically fill out a very simple 1-page application

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and we waive that $40 or $50 fee for that credential.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And so, you can basically say: "Look, it's free to those learners who need it to be free

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and the other ones who can afford the $40 or $50, which for a large number of our learners,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
is, you know, not a very signi-- not a very onerous burden,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
they help pay for the free education we are providing to everyone."

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
(20:31 E. Bildner) Thanks, Daphne. All right, let's see.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Interesting question here from Rishkash (check) . Apoplogies again, I'm mispronouncing it --

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
(D. Koller) Rishkash[br](E. Bildner) Rishkash.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
"Do you think that translating courses will get people to learn the subject?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Because I think the course will probably require English somewhere down the line."

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So I guess, the question, more broadly, is, you know, right now, translations are focused on subtitles,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I guess the user interface is translated too, but how are we thinking about

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
helping people experience a full course in either in translation,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
or in a language that's more comp-- that's a little easier for them to get along?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
(21:06 D. Koller) No, I think that's an excellent question, thank you, Rishikash.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So, right now, as Eli said, the translations are solely for the subtitles to the course.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And we realize that there is many parts of the experience,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
like the assessments, for example, where you still need English in order to do the course completely.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So, let's see: where do we sit on that?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Right now, we think that there is still -- in certain courses, you can use Google Translate,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
for example for some of the assessments, because if the questions are short and mostly,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
are just like writing, you know, answering the multiple choice questions or writing a program,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
you don't really need that much English if accompanied by Google Translate,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
really, to do that.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But that's only a sub-set of courses.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
In order to provide a fully translated course experience,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
we would need to do some really fairly heavy lifting on the product's side, on the platform.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It's definitely something that we plan to do.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We haven't had a chance to do that yet:

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
we're a small company, there's many things that we'd like to do,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and we just haven't got around to this one

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
but we hope to get around to it soon,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and so be able to provide people with a much more internationalized course experience,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
where you will also potentially have, you know, forums that are in different languages and, you know,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
hopefully we will be able to do peer-grading in different languages,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
so that people who speak Chinese will grade people who wrote their essays in Chinese and --

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
versus other languages and --

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and so, there is a lot of things that we still have to do and we hope to be able to get to that soon.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
(22:55 E. Bildner) Thank you. Interesting question here from David. David asks:

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
"Will we ever see language courses on Coursera?"

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I mean, you know, I love learning languages, (inaudible) people out there,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
whether it's perfecting their English or different languages.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Have you got something to say to (inaudible)?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
(23:09 D. Koller) You know, I hope the answer to that is yes.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We are in some ways, you know, dependent on our university partners

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
in which courses they elect to put on the platform.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Right now, we've not yet had someone jump up and say:

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
"I'd like to teach a language course."

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We do have one course which is an English as a Second Language course,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
which is intended for teachers of English as a second language,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
but we don't have any real language courses and we can give this as a call to all our university partners:

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
If you're interested in offering a language course, please let me know and we'd love to have one.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
(23:40 E. Bildner) Great and I look forward to that.[br](D. Koller) Yes, and me too.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
(E. Bildner) Let's see. Here is a question from Mahmoud (check). Machmoud asks:

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
"Does Coursera plan to set up any infrastructure

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
(inaudible) infrastructure in different countries to (inaudible) in person testing?"

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I guess, you know, the idea being that that would be, you know,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
if that would improve the authentication experience for (inaudible) earning a verified certificate.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
How do you think about that?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
(24:18 D. Koller) I think that this is a very interesting notion,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and right now, we haven't seen a huge demand for it yet,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
partly because I think the incidence is, at this point, of cheating on our platform,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
they are definitely there, but they're not hugely common

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and so, it's not something that people really clamored for.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But I think as the stakes grow, you know, for example,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
as more and more employers start recognizing these credentials,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
as universities start accepting them for credit and in some cases, perhaps,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
we'll need to have a higher level of academic integrity,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
at which point we might explore this possibility. (25:03)

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
(25:05 Eli) Great, thank you. Let's see here. So Christian (check) asks:

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
"How do we plan to give, can foster the strength of credentials."

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So you own a verified certificate, you want to use it to improve your job--

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
to improve your carreer prospects, for getting any jobs, how are we working to improve that?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
(25:29 D. Koller) Yeah. So we actually have an effort here at Coursera on what we call "credential value,"

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
which is really intended to address exactly that question, Christian, so than you for that,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Of demonstrating more broadly the value of our credentials to a number of constituencies:

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
to our learners, to employers, to educational institutions.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So we've done a number of things:

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
First is, for example, we've had a partnership with LinkedIn

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that allows us -- that allows our learners via the (inaudible) button

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
to post their credential on LinkedIn, so that employers can see that

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and know that this person has achieved a lot of mastery in a very rigorous academic topic.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We're working with employers to recognize the value of our courses

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and some, many employers have expressed their interest in using this for internal training

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
as well as have told us that they are excited about employee --

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
prospective of employees who come in with that type of credential.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
One of our university partners, Duke University, recently did a survey among employers

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
in their geographical basin in North Carolina and discovered that, I think,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
over 50% of employers are -- would be -- would consider the completion of one of the MOOCs

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
as a strong factor in hiring decisions.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And so we're trying to encourage that as well.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And then, (inaudible), just making sure that our courses and rigorous

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and of high academic quality is, I think, eventually, (inaudible) deciding to happen.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The value of those will become clear just because of market forces.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The project-based courses, which allow students, for example in those specializations,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
to create an artifact, to demonstrate mastery in terms of applying skills to a real world problem,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I think, will really help reinforce the fact that our learners emerge from a really valuable use of skills.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
(27:43 E. Bildner) Thanks, Daphne. I see a couple of questions or comments on the (inaudible) tool,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
specifically about, very specific GTC-related.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Let's stop to just remind once again, we'll take a couple more questions for Daphne

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and then Sébastien and I will field a bunch of questions

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that are specifically about the Translator Community and we'll let Daphne get on her day,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
to try improve Coursera and do other things that all you folks are asking about.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So I guess, a couple more questions for Daphne. Interesting question here from Catherine (check),

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
who asks, you know, if there are any plans to allow

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
non universities and non institutions to create courses on Coursera, I guess, more broadly,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
how are we thinking about building up a diversity of courses on the platform?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
(28:28 D. Koller) So, right now, we're focused on working with our university partners

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and some non-university partners that are offering most of the contents

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and teach professional development (check).

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
That is not because we believe that there is no good education to be had elsewhere.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So we know that there is great teachers to be had at institutions that are not among our partners as well,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
it's just, you know, people out there in the world will not affiliate with any educational institution.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So, we think -- I think it's great Katharin (check) that you're producing your own course

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and making it available to people.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We are -- we came into this with a model of having a very highly curated platform

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
rather than a more YouTube-like model that has anyone being able to upload content.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So, in order for us to maintain that level of curation, we would have to go and, you know,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
examine the courses of people like you and evaluate them for quality and academic rigor,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and so on and so forth, and I'm sure we'd find some really amazing gems if we did that,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
but we just don't have the capacity to do that level of screening,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
nor do we have the ability to train a much larger number of instructors in the use of our platform

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and in what we consider to be the best practices for high-quality content, and so on,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and so, I'm sure we're missing some really amazing things right now,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
but as we're trying to, you know, build thing out,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
it's better for us to maintain this somewhat narrow level of focus and hopefully in the future,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
be able to broaden out to a larger number of providers.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
(30:20 E. Bildner) Great, thanks. Maybe we can take one more question for Daphne.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It seems like a lot of people are interested in knowing

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
whether Coursera's certified courses are recognized by companies.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I know you talked about that a little already, but, you know,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
have we seen any examples of companies saying, you know:

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
"If you take this course, you'll have an advantage in some way, either internally or --

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
what have we seen there with companies and Coursera?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
(30:44 D. Koller) So, you know, the company is only 2-years old,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
which is kind of hard to believe, given the amount of interest that we've seen in the --

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and the amazing community that we've been able to build up, including yourselves,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
but it's a relatively young company, with maybe only about a year's worth of actual "graduates,"

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
if you will, from courses, a year and half at the most,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and so, it takes a while for the market to catch up with the value of a particular form of education,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
to recognize that yes, this is like -- this education provides real value

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and the learners who emerge from this are, you know, really qualified to do what they claim they can do.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Nevertheless, even with that short time frame,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
we've already seen significant recognition of these credentials by employers.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I've mentioned the Duke University study a moment ago,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that had surveyed several hundred employers in North Carolina,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and importantly, this was not surveyed on, for example,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
here in the San Francisco Bay area of, you know, tech-savvy employers,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
all of whom are sort of familiar with internet technologies and so on,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
this was in a different part of the country, with a very diverse range of employers,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
from very different sectors, and nevertheless, we see a very large fraction of them

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
-- I don't remember the exact number, I think 50 to 60% who said

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
they will recognize the validity of these credentials in terms of preferring to --

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
treating these candidates in some preferen --

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
in some way preferentially recognizing their (inaudible) to the table.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And so, people are starting to see a very significant uptake on the value of these credentials,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and I think, in a year, this question probably would be asked (inaudible).

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
(32:44 E. Bildner) OK. Well, Daphne, I just want to thank you again,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I don't know if you have any heartening words for the GTC friends we have with us today.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
(32:51 D. Koller) Sure, so, you know, I've already said this at the very beginning,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
but I'd like to take this opportunity to thank you all again.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
You have already 9 courses that have been translate

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
as well as the many others that I'm sure you'll contribute

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
towards making a hugely important dent in the issues of accessibility

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
to the vast majority of this world population that -- for whom English is not their native language.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So we're very, very grateful for your efforts, and also grateful for the efforts of Eli and Sébastien

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and our translation partners for helping you make that possible.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So thank you very much. (33:34)

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000


9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000


9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000


9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000


9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000


9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000


9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000


9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000


9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000


9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000


9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000


9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000


9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000


9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000


9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000


9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000


9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000


9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000


9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000


9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000


9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000


9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000


9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000


9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000


9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000


9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000