[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:41.00,0:01:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is radio.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.00,0:05:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you go shopping with.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:07.00,0:10:39.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This week on Radio Eco shark.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:39.00,0:09:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're going to the end of the earth.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:21.00,0:15:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a feature-length interview \Nabout new science the chills
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.00,0:03:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Antarctica is melting.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:37.00,0:10:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I guarantee you will read headlines \Nand see amazing video news
Dialogue: 0,0:10:50.00,0:12:24.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the science were discovering \Nthis week sea levels will rise
Dialogue: 0,0:12:24.00,0:10:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,around the planet for centuries \Nreshaping the coastlines and
Dialogue: 0,0:11:08.00,0:03:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,civilization,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:00.00,0:11:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then we'll finish up with the return \Nof Marjorie Wilde craft with
Dialogue: 0,0:11:23.00,0:01:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more tips on growing your own groceries.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.00,0:11:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's all food for thought and action,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:18.00,0:14:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm Alex Smith,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:19.00,0:16:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the journey begins.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:47.00,0:07:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's a lot of action in Antarctica \Nand that can bring changes
Dialogue: 0,0:10:21.00,0:14:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all over the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:22.00,0:10:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here to discuss recent sciences \NDr. Roland C warmer.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:06.00,0:15:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He is a researcher with the Antarctic \Nclimate and ecosystems
Dialogue: 0,0:03:40.00,0:10:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Cooperative Research Centre at the \NUniversity of Tasmania Tasmania
Dialogue: 0,0:10:54.00,0:11:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is the closest Australian state to \NAntarctica Dr. Warner welcome
Dialogue: 0,0:11:08.00,0:15:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to Radio Eco shock.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.00,0:09:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,With him.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:32.00,0:02:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:43.00,0:07:56.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,thank you for joining us for an update \Non this frozen world at the
Dialogue: 0,0:07:56.00,0:04:07.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,South Pole.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.00,0:06:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,First of all what parts of Australia \Nare closest to Antarctica and
Dialogue: 0,0:06:51.00,0:14:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what claims does your country \Nhave on that continent.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:25.00,0:12:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:05.00,0:16:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:05.00,0:12:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm here in Tasmania of an \Nisland state of Australia.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:00.00,0:13:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Half of the Australian mainland \Nand well I thought still some
Dialogue: 0,0:15:04.00,0:16:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,distance away to our south there \Nare only a few small islands in
Dialogue: 0,0:16:28.00,0:07:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the middle of the Southern Ocean,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:20.00,0:04:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,between Australia and Antarctica.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:43.00,0:13:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,However,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:43.00,0:02:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as you alluded Australia does have \Na territorial claim to a large
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.00,0:15:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,piece of the Antarctic,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:30.00,0:17:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but 42% of it,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:22.00,0:04:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to be precise now various countries \Nestablish these claims in an
Dialogue: 0,0:04:17.00,0:08:39.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,age of heroic exploration.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:39.00,0:02:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know putting out flags and claiming \Nthings in the name of if
Dialogue: 0,0:02:23.00,0:11:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:43.00,0:04:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,typically,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:04.00,0:02:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your moniker your state \Nwith the done thing.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:37.00,0:12:51.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In those days and these claims exist \Nand some of them actually
Dialogue: 0,0:14:01.00,0:14:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,tend to overlap,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:02.00,0:17:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,particularly around the most successful \Npart then tactic in that.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:26.00,0:12:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Think of the Antarctic Peninsula \Npoints up to South America and
Dialogue: 0,0:12:50.00,0:15:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one big think there isn't actually \Ncoined by anyone at all.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:23.00,0:17:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But these claims are on \Nice and if you will.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:06.00,0:14:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Under their party.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:47.00,0:14:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Treaty which was established in \Nthe 1950s and it's that treaty
Dialogue: 0,0:14:41.00,0:06:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that governs how people \Nbehave in Antarctica.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:35.00,0:07:36.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These days,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:36.00,0:13:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whether they have claims to particular \Npieces of turf all but I
Dialogue: 0,0:18:50.00,0:09:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will not.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:52.00,0:06:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And have you been there.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:44.00,0:14:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes I think twice.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:45.00,0:11:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think of 3 summer seasons \Nwith heat strain in US,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:10.00,0:18:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,British,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:30.00,0:14:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,French collaborative project this \Nimaginatively called ice cap.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:45.00,0:15:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is a bit of a mouthful stands \Nfor investigating Christ very
Dialogue: 0,0:17:49.00,0:06:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,evolution through collaborative 2 \Nphysical profiling and what that
Dialogue: 0,0:06:25.00,0:15:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,means is that we have a whole range \Nof instruments on an aircraft
Dialogue: 0,0:15:38.00,0:19:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,, the fact of the rejuvenated DC \N3 genuine World War II vintage
Dialogue: 0,0:12:53.00,0:16:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we fly for hours and hours.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:16.00,0:17:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They are the ice sheet measuring \Nmany different things and I'm
Dialogue: 0,0:17:50.00,0:13:24.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sure we will discuss today \Nusing that aircraft.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:24.00,0:04:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I was a Casey station which is \None of 3 Australian basis on
Dialogue: 0,0:11:08.00,0:09:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,continent itself that's due south \Nof Western Australia and I've
Dialogue: 0,0:09:43.00,0:06:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,got there.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:44.00,0:15:27.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In this modern era either by flying \Ndirectly there in a jet plane
Dialogue: 0,0:17:57.00,0:14:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from here in Havana to the runaway \Non the ice cap behind the
Dialogue: 0,0:16:21.00,0:04:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,station or rather more long way \Naround changing planes that.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:36.00,0:11:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,US they with murder when flying for \Nhours and hours allow you know
Dialogue: 0,0:18:31.00,0:05:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ski equipped Hercules to land at \Nand on one occasion I've come
Dialogue: 0,0:05:57.00,0:16:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,home on our ice breaker which \Ntook 7 considered try.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:02.00,0:15:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a giant place.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:23.00,0:09:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean it is a real continent \Nnow in a shocking bit of news
Dialogue: 0,0:09:17.00,0:05:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Antarctica just experienced the 2 \Nhardest days ever recorded there
Dialogue: 0,0:05:01.00,0:18:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,, namely 63.5 degrees Fahrenheit,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:53.00,0:14:36.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or 17.5° C and that was that.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:36.00,0:13:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Argentinian Esperanza Base \Non the Antarctic Peninsula.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:10.00,0:10:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've heard that was warmer than the \Ntemperature in Britain on the
Dialogue: 0,0:10:13.00,0:05:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,same day in late March.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:25.00,0:10:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is that just a freak occurrence \Nor do you think Antarctica is
Dialogue: 0,0:10:58.00,0:20:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,warming.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:29.00,0:07:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yeah,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:40.00,0:19:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't say that being involved with \Nthe phone day here at home.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:34.00,0:18:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's not part of either or outside \Nthe Antarctic Peninsula.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:08.00,0:05:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But think you're Antarctica pointing \NSouth America is an area of
Dialogue: 0,0:05:23.00,0:11:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Antarctica that shows some of the \Ngreatest climate warming of
Dialogue: 0,0:12:26.00,0:09:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,recent years.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:37.00,0:13:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For the whole planet,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:48.00,0:15:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,perhaps 5° Celsius warmer \Nover the last 50 years,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:52.00,0:07:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,according to the British Antarctic Survey.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:25.00,0:10:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it's consistent with that sort \Nof situation that you're going
Dialogue: 0,0:10:38.00,0:19:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to keep getting record breaking maximum \Ntemperatures and that of
Dialogue: 0,0:19:52.00,0:20:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,course one hot days where there \Nwhile the trend in hot days who
Dialogue: 0,0:21:45.00,0:20:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,climbed into it was not a theorist \Nof previous record was only 0.4
Dialogue: 0,0:08:31.00,0:12:56.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,degree Celsius lower that was back \Nin 1961 and it was even later
Dialogue: 0,0:12:56.00,0:17:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the year as a month later was in \NApril that's so it's only anti
Dialogue: 0,0:17:00.00,0:18:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,think the reason is warming.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:12.00,0:11:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so when I 3 state holidays.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:46.00,0:06:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.00,0:10:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so not a freak occurrence.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:18.00,0:12:39.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All right,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:39.00,0:15:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,well,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:09.00,0:10:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,let's turn to a new scientific paper \Nyou were directly involved in
Dialogue: 0,0:11:03.00,0:12:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the title is ocean access to a \Ncavity beneath glacier in East
Dialogue: 0,0:15:18.00,0:16:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Antarctica.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:49.00,0:06:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need to frame that a bit.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:21.00,0:20:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Obviously,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:31.00,0:09:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where's the tartan glacier \Nand how big is it.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:25.00,0:14:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:25.00,0:05:56.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,certainly.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:56.00,0:15:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Congress is the largest growth \Nyou know East Antarctica.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:40.00,0:08:15.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It came to split Antarctic are \Nup by which in the world,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:15.00,0:22:15.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we're looking at.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:15.00,0:12:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,After all,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:16.00,0:20:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I think you know everything \Nis sort of you know and so we
Dialogue: 0,0:20:29.00,0:15:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,don't particularly is parts weaving \Nbetween the Greenwich Meridian
Dialogue: 0,0:15:13.00,0:22:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the line below Africa \NAustralia so the Congo.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:09.00,0:17:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you can fight on almost exactly \Nthe opposite side and
Dialogue: 0,0:17:02.00,0:20:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Antarctica so less brands when looking \Nat about 116 he strongly
Dialogue: 0,0:06:59.00,0:16:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,too.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:49.00,0:15:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So almost directly below \Nthe city of Perth.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:31.00,0:14:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the capital city of Western Australia.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:06.00,0:11:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He took a very large grace period \Ndriving 540,000 square
Dialogue: 0,0:12:11.00,0:16:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,kilometers of East Antarctica.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:43.00,0:08:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He was like,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:44.00,0:17:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think that is being more than \Ntwice the size of for you.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:37.00,0:23:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Australian state of Victoria for North \NAmerican audience audiences
Dialogue: 0,0:23:10.00,0:21:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,might be more helpful to say that \Nsomewhat more than twice the
Dialogue: 0,0:21:53.00,0:19:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,area of all the Great Lakes put together.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:26.00,0:18:07.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that's big.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:07.00,0:06:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yeah.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:58.00,0:07:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:49.00,0:14:39.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,okay.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:39.00,0:18:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so just food to fill out is the \Nstory this 70 billion tons of
Dialogue: 0,0:18:34.00,0:19:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ice flows out of that quite you know \Nevery year that's amazingly
Dialogue: 0,0:21:19.00,0:22:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about the flow rate of Niagara Falls,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:31.00,0:10:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but obviously it's moving slightly,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:44.00,0:16:36.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but on a very grand scale.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:56.00,0:15:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is that the amount that actually \Nreaches the sea every year.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:39.00,0:18:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yep,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:10.00,0:16:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:11.00,0:14:36.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's what that that out of ice \Nthat you can collect in half a
Dialogue: 0,0:14:36.00,0:15:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,million square kilometers,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:08.00,0:08:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I should say that they are itself \Nis more than 30km wide at the
Dialogue: 0,0:08:12.00,0:12:27.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,front considerably stand and Niagara \NFalls and its 200 meters
Dialogue: 0,0:14:07.00,0:20:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,thick.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:38.00,0:10:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So there's a lot of life on the moon.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:40.00,0:11:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:11.00,0:22:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you've hit something that's a little \Nconfusing to some of us we
Dialogue: 0,0:22:53.00,0:10:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have sea ice which doesn't directly \Nadd to sea level rise.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:38.00,0:21:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have melting from land ice like \NGreenland which does add to the
Dialogue: 0,0:21:42.00,0:16:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sea level rise and then in the Arctic.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:55.00,0:13:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's only a couple small ice shelves \Nleft attached to Canadian
Dialogue: 0,0:13:58.00,0:19:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,polar islands but in Antarctica \Nseems confusing,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:31.00,0:18:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,could you just give us a quick update \Non the relationship between
Dialogue: 0,0:19:14.00,0:21:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sea ice ice shelves and \Nland based glaciers.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:29.00,0:10:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yeah,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:20.00,0:23:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is certainly something which \Ncould use a lot of people.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:14.00,0:09:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yet the only turning to do it through \Nwater or flowing into the
Dialogue: 0,0:09:49.00,0:14:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sea.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:19.00,0:09:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That could affect sea level rises.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:21.00,0:17:15.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Obviously I that's currently not \Nfloating on the ocean because
Dialogue: 0,0:17:36.00,0:10:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,courtesy of the year old Archimedes \Nwe have you know the guy
Dialogue: 0,0:15:39.00,0:12:03.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's floating on the ocean when \Nit melts well simply filling the
Dialogue: 0,0:13:33.00,0:19:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,volume.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:33.00,0:21:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was previously displacing.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:45.00,0:23:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that's not to say that the melting \Nof things like ice shelves
Dialogue: 0,0:24:19.00,0:17:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:21.00,0:19:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Got if your that the floating \Non the ocean.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:53.00,0:10:07.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's not to say that won't have \Nan impact on the earth's system
Dialogue: 0,0:12:37.00,0:13:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because it's only going to fresh \Nof top layers of the ocean that
Dialogue: 0,0:15:52.00,0:18:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in terms of the level rises ground \Na life like Greenland and like
Dialogue: 0,0:21:16.00,0:16:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for little ice caps are still remain \Nyou where you know Arctic and
Dialogue: 0,0:19:20.00,0:12:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,now graces around the world and \Na sleeping giant in the lift,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:44.00,0:16:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which perhaps is not fleeting Antarctica \Nthat's where think was
Dialogue: 0,0:16:37.00,0:17:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,going to come from.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:38.00,0:09:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I would like to fall out \Nof the on story as well.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:52.00,0:16:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Think about feel it is this is the \Nhost of surface freezing and
Dialogue: 0,0:17:17.00,0:14:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's around Antarctica and in the Arctic.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:20.00,0:21:24.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's one of the big seasonal changes \Nin the Earth's climate system
Dialogue: 0,0:11:05.00,0:20:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,around Antarctica in the wintertime.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:46.00,0:15:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The area where the ocean surface \Nis predominantly covered by why
Dialogue: 0,0:16:42.00,0:14:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,such been frozen over the ocean itself.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:44.00,0:13:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's almost double for \Nsigns of that big,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:46.00,0:13:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,white pants down of that \Nthe part of the globe.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:59.00,0:23:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And when that sea ice is forming \Nthe Fiat itself is relatively
Dialogue: 0,0:23:53.00,0:18:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fresh from the salt water on that \Nthey could become smug Saltire
Dialogue: 0,0:11:58.00,0:20:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and wipe a different story for one \Nwe want to tell today that's
Dialogue: 0,0:20:42.00,0:24:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,actually what drives a lot of the \Ndeep global ocean circulation
Dialogue: 0,0:13:26.00,0:23:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,further things would happen with \Nsea ice around Antarctica.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:49.00,0:19:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We were fixing the the deep political \Nbe overturning circulation
Dialogue: 0,0:23:03.00,0:12:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,alcohol plant.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:55.00,0:18:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The progression of ourselves shelves \Nand the ice sheet is also an
Dialogue: 0,0:18:09.00,0:23:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,interesting one.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:30.00,0:25:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The melting away all the changes \Nin ourselves don't directly
Dialogue: 0,0:11:05.00,0:22:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,affect civil rights of a but there \Nare still Ferraris something
Dialogue: 0,0:22:48.00,0:13:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the gatekeepers particularly \Nfor Antarctica in terms of the
Dialogue: 0,0:15:22.00,0:16:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rate at which ice flows from a grounded \Nice into the ocean and we
Dialogue: 0,0:17:28.00,0:22:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,believe in effect changes in the \Nice shelves are going to be that
Dialogue: 0,0:22:51.00,0:19:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the major drivers in changing the \Ndynamics of the whole why she
Dialogue: 0,0:20:26.00,0:19:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,could phone they do play a \Nbig role in in the future.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:00.00,0:11:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sea level.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:11.00,0:26:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's been compared to pulling \Nthe cork out of a bottle.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:14.00,0:15:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:35.00,0:21:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all you can think of it as a keystone \Nyou know basically you have
Dialogue: 0,0:21:28.00,0:10:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a big Ice shelf you know talking \Nof the biggest ones are very
Dialogue: 0,0:15:32.00,0:15:36.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,firmly professionally in very \Nlarge but that would in fact
Dialogue: 0,0:16:16.00,0:18:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,probably be called fees if they weren't.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:38.00,0:19:03.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Follow us and the presence of \Nthe ice shelf there provides
Dialogue: 0,0:15:14.00,0:17:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,retiring stress that's holding back \Nice which is flowing typically
Dialogue: 0,0:24:19.00,0:17:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I flew in Antarctica is concentrated \Ninto major quite fast moving
Dialogue: 0,0:17:54.00,0:24:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,out late.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:54.00,0:11:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:25.00,0:27:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you know so I streams and it's \Nquite focused for likely to top
Dialogue: 0,0:12:31.00,0:12:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the lot of mentioning before and \Noften is channeled into these
Dialogue: 0,0:12:54.00,0:11:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,very being ourselves and so if you \Ndo something to change the ice
Dialogue: 0,0:11:57.00,0:26:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,shelf.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:17.00,0:17:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You're going to do something to change \Nthe whole balance of forces
Dialogue: 0,0:19:20.00,0:26:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from that's that's restraining the \Nwriter was that ice flows into
Dialogue: 0,0:27:43.00,0:18:24.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the ocean.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:05.00,0:26:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It seems parts of Antarctica are \Nactually below sea level.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:29.00,0:19:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is that correct and what would that \Ncontinent look like without
Dialogue: 0,0:19:53.00,0:14:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the ice cap.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:44.00,0:13:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:45.00,0:12:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's certainly true again that \NEast West Antarctica dividing
Dialogue: 0,0:12:00.00,0:21:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,line is is perhaps a useful \None here for a long time.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:13.00,0:25:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've known by probing through to \Nsee how thick the ice is and how
Dialogue: 0,0:25:57.00,0:24:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,far down that is bedrock \Ncompany we've known.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:21.00,0:18:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's a lot of the West.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:13.00,0:15:07.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I think I see is standing on \Nthe sea floor maybe half a mile
Dialogue: 0,0:15:07.00,0:14:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or more still needles but \Ndeep and that includes,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:20.00,0:15:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,actually the,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:31.00,0:21:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the the summit agreed to between \NI suppose westwards to the Rafah
Dialogue: 0,0:22:34.00,0:13:39.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,itself and I thought flows eastwards \Ntowards you know a month of
Dialogue: 0,0:15:19.00,0:14:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sitting in around towards South America.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:52.00,0:15:15.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if I cheat hadn't developed there.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:15.00,0:19:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This would just the ocean one could \Ngo to work well could go
Dialogue: 0,0:22:29.00,0:22:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sailing and what developed \Nin the last 2 years,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:33.00,0:14:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,partly as a result of major aerial \Nsurvey that we've done with ice
Dialogue: 0,0:15:08.00,0:22:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cap project is we have better defined it.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:21.00,0:12:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The extensive areas of East Antarctica \Nare also seeking on bedrock
Dialogue: 0,0:14:26.00,0:19:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that deep below sea level.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:08.00,0:28:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In this case,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:28.00,0:14:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,said that turned out because I feel \Neven sicker than we thought in
Dialogue: 0,0:15:12.00,0:26:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some places,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:42.00,0:19:56.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's 2 miles thick and in particular,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:56.00,0:25:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we've been exploring the aurora Basin,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:38.00,0:20:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is a vast area in the catchment \Nof Tottenham life here and
Dialogue: 0,0:24:13.00,0:25:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we heard inside the bedrock channels \Nthat connect that deep cover
Dialogue: 0,0:29:27.00,0:17:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the coast of of the aurora based \Naround the world so called
Dialogue: 0,0:18:12.00,0:24:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Wilkes.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:12.00,0:14:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sub-glacial basin which is \Nimmediately to its east.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:45.00,0:22:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If the law Michael submarine \Npart of of eastern our state
Dialogue: 0,0:29:28.00,0:18:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,convinced that we removed \Nall the are with that,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:21.00,0:23:24.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think it would simply become a \Ncollection of islands you could
Dialogue: 0,0:24:04.00,0:27:27.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fail from the Pacific to the Atlantic \Nwithout having to go past
Dialogue: 0,0:28:27.00,0:16:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Cape Horn and he can talk,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:30.00,0:17:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it wouldn't have seen major itself,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:23.00,0:29:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it might even writers see.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:46.00,0:14:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so until they new research \Ndone by a team,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:59.00,0:24:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we didn't really understand how warmer \Nwaters could undermine this
Dialogue: 0,0:24:22.00,0:14:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,tartan glacier.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:34.00,0:16:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How does it work.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:55.00,0:27:27.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And how did you do the science \Nto find this out.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:18.00,0:23:39.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yeah,
Dialogue: 0,0:23:39.00,0:30:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:19.00,0:29:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the way that works is that will \Nbe crucial question for getting
Dialogue: 0,0:29:14.00,0:25:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,melting of ourselves and it's \Nchanging the follow.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:28.00,0:16:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ground a life behind used to working \Nout is the warm ocean water
Dialogue: 0,0:17:53.00,0:16:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nearby and more importantly all \Nthe pathways by which it can
Dialogue: 0,0:29:18.00,0:16:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,circulated to weigh up all the \Ncontinental shelf and kind of
Dialogue: 0,0:16:12.00,0:18:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,actually getting into these cavities \Nunderneath the ice shelves.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:46.00,0:15:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They have much in the time left,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:58.00,0:29:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can see how deep the ocean is \Nif you fire up and down with on
Dialogue: 0,0:29:31.00,0:18:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know shit,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:23.00,0:16:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it's very hard to work out \Nwhat's the geometry of the sea
Dialogue: 0,0:17:27.00,0:19:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,floor underneath.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:29.00,0:21:51.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Maybe one of needing 2 kilometers of
Dialogue: 0,0:15:23.00,0:26:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I now Wesley serving aircraft reviews \Nhave a radar system that can
Dialogue: 0,0:27:19.00,0:27:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,see right through to the base for \Nthe iPhone and can even see lot
Dialogue: 0,0:27:32.00,0:25:56.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of internal structure through \Nthe life as well.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:56.00,0:26:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We also have some magnetometers to \Ntry and figure out what sort of
Dialogue: 0,0:29:29.00,0:18:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,character and actually underlying \Nthe ICC most importantly for
Dialogue: 0,0:18:04.00,0:25:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this work,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:54.00,0:16:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we had a very sense the gravity \Nmoney before long we mention my
Dialogue: 0,0:17:19.00,0:27:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,new variations in the strength of \Nlocal gravity I'm flying very
Dialogue: 0,0:29:03.00,0:29:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,near the surface and very slowly.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:46.00,0:25:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Obviously it's very maybe 140 knots,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:49.00,0:24:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these is ideal for that sort of survey.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:53.00,0:23:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know they mean you have to \Nfit now and there's a lot of
Dialogue: 0,0:25:37.00,0:25:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,detailed work to figure out how \Nthose tiny variations in the
Dialogue: 0,0:26:51.00,0:29:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,strength of work or gravity can be \Ntranslated into what death of
Dialogue: 0,0:30:55.00,0:20:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ice and water a raucous directly \Nbelow your 5 track so I right I
Dialogue: 0,0:20:41.00,0:26:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can't penetrate seawater water.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:02.00,0:16:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we don't see the bottom of an \Nicy so we only 3 the bedrock
Dialogue: 0,0:18:57.00,0:23:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where the ice is on the ground.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:29.00,0:17:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But this gravity days are allowed \Nus to map is inaccessible
Dialogue: 0,0:30:02.00,0:28:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Welshman cavities underneath ourselves \Nand indeed to map the
Dialogue: 0,0:28:56.00,0:20:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,seafloor off the coast.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:48.00,0:17:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There were often see Astra meant ships \Nfrom getting in and so what
Dialogue: 0,0:17:53.00,0:32:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we've been able to do is to map out \Nthe shape of bedrock beneath
Dialogue: 0,0:16:47.00,0:25:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this floating terminus of both \Nthe problem crisis around a
Dialogue: 0,0:26:31.00,0:30:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,neighboring ourself called the Moscow \NUniversity herself and the
Dialogue: 0,0:30:05.00,0:23:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,most serious finding is that there \Nare some deepwater channel that
Dialogue: 0,0:27:09.00,0:17:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,me open ocean to the charity and \Nthis includes a previously
Dialogue: 0,0:20:34.00,0:27:36.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,completely unknown Persia logical pathway.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:36.00,0:21:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you like another channel,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:28.00,0:21:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it increases the prospect that what \Nwar can circulate into this
Dialogue: 0,0:21:32.00,0:29:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cavity and maybe if the temperature \Nof the water changes then the
Dialogue: 0,0:25:28.00,0:25:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,melting which is already quite \Nextensive and therefore the
Dialogue: 0,0:25:22.00,0:19:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dynamics of the system will change.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:34.00,0:28:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if you know the story ideas \Nor thoughts on something you've
Dialogue: 0,0:29:27.00,0:17:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,heard contacted us can radio an \Nequal shot of Darfur and that's
Dialogue: 0,0:19:23.00,0:26:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,radio equal shot and orgy.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:57.00,0:19:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,West you were list.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:49.00,0:29:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Going to Radio Eco shock I'm Alex \NSmith with Australian scientist
Dialogue: 0,0:29:12.00,0:29:24.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Rulon C Warner Rowland,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:24.00,0:18:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can we expect any measurable sea \Nlevel rise from the Tartan
Dialogue: 0,0:19:18.00,0:27:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,glacier complex say in this century.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:01.00,0:29:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes we can in we're already seeing \Nsome small contribution to sea
Dialogue: 0,0:29:06.00,0:29:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,level rise and I'm not sure of that \Nanybody's total all I have.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:30.00,0:17:36.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because the of us you know crisis \Ndream that forms the life here
Dialogue: 0,0:24:36.00,0:21:07.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is actually.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:57.00,0:28:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Getting thinner near the coast in \Nfact surface there has been in
Dialogue: 0,0:28:31.00,0:25:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,recent years and have a few years,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:13.00,0:33:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they said.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:13.00,0:17:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's been dropping by maybe Vermeer \Nand a half per year.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:48.00,0:30:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this is in fact innocent parties,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:49.00,0:21:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one of the hot spots where they \Ndefinitely ice loss in terms of
Dialogue: 0,0:21:45.00,0:29:27.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what will happen in the \Nrest of the century.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:27.00,0:24:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We now know that it's possible to \Nget water in there and dynamics
Dialogue: 0,0:26:13.00,0:26:07.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the top of the person says that \Nthis already some considerable
Dialogue: 0,0:26:07.00,0:31:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,melting going on there.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:09.00,0:19:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We don't really know in detail how \Nfuture climate high increase
Dialogue: 0,0:21:15.00,0:22:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that supply and what the consequent \Ntransmission of that affect
Dialogue: 0,0:34:21.00,0:28:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but level rise would be,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:53.00,0:21:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it's certainly anything parking.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:26.00,0:32:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's the place to wants went the \Ntimescale is centuries all of
Dialogue: 0,0:18:11.00,0:26:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with a little more we don't \Nquite know them,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:43.00,0:25:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but if you people are taking \Nthis very seriously.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:06.00,0:29:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Harris,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:46.00,0:21:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,perhaps in the fantastic haunts.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:20.00,0:27:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To spend a lot of talk between scientists \Nabout the importance of
Dialogue: 0,0:27:53.00,0:30:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the grounding line,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:54.00,0:21:15.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what is that.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:16.00,0:31:56.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:56.00,0:26:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Grammy moments probably really \Nmore bizarre and it is winnable
Dialogue: 0,0:27:40.00,0:24:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and Gracie actually starts to to \Ngo afloat whenever we just a
Dialogue: 0,0:24:55.00,0:24:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,scuffle what event.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:06.00,0:26:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think that I think to be really \Non the sea floor and as its
Dialogue: 0,0:27:11.00,0:24:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,forces towards the Mars and eventually \Nthere comes a point where
Dialogue: 0,0:21:06.00,0:33:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it simply going to go off white \Ngiven direction of life.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:38.00,0:21:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:49.00,0:24:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it probably would be better if \Nit was called the underground
Dialogue: 0,0:32:02.00,0:28:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,entwined.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:43.00,0:23:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of the flotation line,
Dialogue: 0,0:23:25.00,0:32:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's important because it's the place \Nwhere suddenly the base of
Dialogue: 0,0:32:18.00,0:32:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the ice sheet is not protected \Nby by being on the ground and
Dialogue: 0,0:35:23.00,0:29:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,suddenly the possibility of wish \Nand driven melting the UMP
Dialogue: 0,0:33:48.00,0:24:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,commences and I should say that \Nit's again something we've only
Dialogue: 0,0:25:52.00,0:35:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,learned in the last 2 decades \Nthat near these crowning line
Dialogue: 0,0:20:47.00,0:26:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,somewhere often the ice is very deep \Nhere in Miami Tottenham we're
Dialogue: 0,0:27:31.00,0:29:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,talking about a transition point \Nthat's probably a mile below sea
Dialogue: 0,0:29:55.00,0:28:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,level.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:06.00,0:23:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The the the melting even is grounding \Naren't these 10s of meters
Dialogue: 0,0:24:41.00,0:32:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,year maybe 15 years here.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:44.00,0:31:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And given that the water was doing \Nthat and they'll think it still
Dialogue: 0,0:31:17.00,0:27:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by by any swimmers stand I'm \Nvery close to freezing.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:12.00,0:32:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's likely that this is an extremely \Nthing to be part of of the
Dialogue: 0,0:32:46.00,0:20:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,climate system.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:58.00,0:25:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that's the first thing that's \Nimportant about the grounding.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:01.00,0:27:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On the second thing that's \Nimportant is this,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:44.00,0:23:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,particularly in some configurations \Nof the bedrock these grounding
Dialogue: 0,0:23:19.00,0:30:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,lines themselves my move.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:00.00,0:25:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it's not just a matter of bringing \Nmore iced up to her.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:54.00,0:32:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know my fixed gaze and then having \Nto follow through their and
Dialogue: 0,0:33:17.00,0:33:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and and they'll it's not possible \Nthat the grounding itself will
Dialogue: 0,0:33:31.00,0:27:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,migrate inland reducing the 5 on \Nthe ground and the high street
Dialogue: 0,0:20:36.00,0:28:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and transmitting these changes in \Nthe forces of the even further
Dialogue: 0,0:29:50.00,0:20:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,upstream.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:02.00,0:29:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We'll sea level rises.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:13.00,0:29:36.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The real wildcard when we think \Nabout the impact of Antarctic
Dialogue: 0,0:31:36.00,0:31:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,melting I've just gone through a \Npaper by lead author Fernando
Dialogue: 0,0:35:39.00,0:25:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Apollo titled volume loss from \NAntarctic ice shelves is
Dialogue: 0,0:25:44.00,0:30:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,accelerating.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:45.00,0:27:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is it just the ice shelves or \Nis ice loss from Antarctica
Dialogue: 0,0:29:39.00,0:23:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,increasing and at a faster rate.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:02.00,0:33:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Do we know.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:23.00,0:25:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yeah,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:44.00,0:22:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I do this comes back to that.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:06.00,0:36:56.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The point we were.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:57.00,0:35:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This guy thing you know you know that \Nthese guys have done a great
Dialogue: 0,0:36:30.00,0:22:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,job in trying to improve our understanding \Nabout what's happening
Dialogue: 0,0:22:14.00,0:31:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to ice shelves previously we had \Nquite good measurements swimmer
Dialogue: 0,0:21:59.00,0:36:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,quite precise either of you sort of \Nthat was flying in space for a
Dialogue: 0,0:37:02.00,0:36:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,few years showing that these ice \Nshelves of getting home and I'm
Dialogue: 0,0:28:57.00,0:24:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,really hard problem because given \Nlook I shelf it's floating.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:22.00,0:21:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you see half a meter change \Nin the surface height of the
Dialogue: 0,0:22:26.00,0:22:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fighting are so often means that \Nhe lost 5 meters ice from the
Dialogue: 0,0:22:10.00,0:31:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,wire what they've done here,
Dialogue: 0,0:31:02.00,0:21:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he said.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:23.00,0:37:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,While at 5-year record is is rather \Nshort and some of the longest
Dialogue: 0,0:37:47.00,0:23:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,recall that's available actually heavenly.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:00.00,0:31:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I think he is from some writer \Nsatellites that were measuring
Dialogue: 0,0:33:24.00,0:34:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the height and ice shelves and so \Nthey've been able to conclude
Dialogue: 0,0:36:49.00,0:26:15.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that ice shelves are certainly on \Nthe whole it so they're losing
Dialogue: 0,0:26:06.00,0:26:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is actually slightly fresh \Nlink the Antarctic coastal
Dialogue: 0,0:29:09.00,0:22:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,erosion but because beginning Feb.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:32.00,0:35:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They are also likely reducing this \Nrestraining force they have on
Dialogue: 0,0:35:46.00,0:33:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the high street and in fact they \Nare when they see the biggest
Dialogue: 0,0:35:39.00,0:30:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,changes in West Antarctica,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:41.00,0:24:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in those places where there out \Nlike have been observed to be
Dialogue: 0,0:26:05.00,0:28:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,speeding up,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:06.00,0:28:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so it's only important and it's \Nimportant in terms of what we,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:02.00,0:25:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what we think is one of the controllers \Nof Chinese in the ICC and
Dialogue: 0,0:33:37.00,0:22:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they level contributions from the itself.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:21.00,0:34:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In a comment on that article,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:12.00,0:26:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one of the scientists Lori \Npad been expressed.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:05.00,0:22:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's a lot of uncertainty about \Nwhat will happen on Antarctica
Dialogue: 0,0:26:18.00,0:32:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as the world climate changes.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:09.00,0:38:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:49.00,0:28:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he said.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:30.00,0:38:03.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Quote it is plausible that even if \Nthe Earth's average temperature
Dialogue: 0,0:38:03.00,0:33:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,increases effect on ocean currents \Naround Antarctica might
Dialogue: 0,0:33:47.00,0:34:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,actually work against Antarctic ice \Nsheet melting and he goes on
Dialogue: 0,0:34:01.00,0:35:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to say that that past a records \Nmay not tell us a lot because
Dialogue: 0,0:24:06.00,0:28:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we're changing the climate so fast \Ncompared to what happened in
Dialogue: 0,0:28:19.00,0:34:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,past times what do you \Nthink about all that.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:22.00,0:25:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:43.00,0:28:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's true that one,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:54.00,0:28:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one has to be careful about he was \Nfinancial planners tell you
Dialogue: 0,0:29:58.00,0:28:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,part the performance is guaranteed \Na future performance,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:12.00,0:28:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but with changing the composition \Nof the atmosphere,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:45.00,0:35:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and so he's corrective driver for \Nchanging climate is no longer be
Dialogue: 0,0:39:00.00,0:25:15.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Milinkevich the so called ice \Nage cycle I do those changes
Dialogue: 0,0:26:05.00,0:25:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were pretty dramatic in terms of \Nsea level rise 20,000 years ago
Dialogue: 0,0:26:49.00,0:38:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when was great Hemisphere ice sheets \Nand decayed but certainly
Dialogue: 0,0:23:33.00,0:27:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we're forcing system a lot faster \Naround them any natural forcing
Dialogue: 0,0:27:17.00,0:25:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's these apply I'd be a little \Nsurprised if it was actually
Dialogue: 0,0:25:32.00,0:28:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,going to have to work against I see \Nmy thing on the whole the deep
Dialogue: 0,0:28:06.00,0:34:36.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ocean,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:36.00,0:30:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he's already warming and you've \Nonly got to warm water a little
Dialogue: 0,0:31:30.00,0:33:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bit for it to carry a lot of heat \Ncampaign turns away he can be
Dialogue: 0,0:33:34.00,0:30:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,carried by changes in air temperature.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:58.00,0:39:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I think that the changing dynamic \Nresponse is going to be quite
Dialogue: 0,0:39:13.00,0:30:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,high and that's so hard to see who \Nwe can avoid conveying that
Dialogue: 0,0:32:27.00,0:34:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,don't want to really high shelves \Nand then by weakening ourselves
Dialogue: 0,0:26:22.00,0:38:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,increase some nice discharge \Nfrom Antarctica.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:34.00,0:25:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's only warmer air temperatures \Nwill generate some higher
Dialogue: 0,0:28:27.00,0:31:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,snowfall that it's not really clear \Nthat that can dominate the
Dialogue: 0,0:32:31.00,0:33:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sort of exhilaration the life \Nand we've already seen.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:05.00,0:28:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And Lori tab and also talked about \Nthe irony that sea levels
Dialogue: 0,0:28:38.00,0:27:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,around Antarctica and Greenland \Nmay actually go down as the
Dialogue: 0,0:27:12.00,0:24:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,glaciers melt.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:33.00,0:26:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How is that possible.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:05.00,0:33:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:25.00,0:39:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:55.00,0:30:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is quite amazing it another one \Nof these obvious in hindsight
Dialogue: 0,0:33:39.00,0:25:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,inside it's looking pretty recently \Ninsightful from both us anyway
Dialogue: 0,0:25:14.00,0:40:07.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,. Any sort of water surface Rep \NOf in fact commonsense idea of
Dialogue: 0,0:24:58.00,0:33:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,level since obviously \Nwater flows downhill.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:21.00,0:30:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact the FTSE service mission \Nwith precision from space shows
Dialogue: 0,0:34:35.00,0:36:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that that idea down here only.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:37.00,0:35:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Modulated by all sorts of things \Nlike currents and winds of other
Dialogue: 0,0:37:01.00,0:37:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,factors.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:22.00,0:32:56.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in particular the vast method \Nice on these grounds.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:56.00,0:40:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's a sufficient gravitational \Nattraction to pull the ocean
Dialogue: 0,0:31:40.00,0:39:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,around them towards them.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:01.00,0:28:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this generates an an up slope in.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:45.00,0:30:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He is the sea surface around the \Nice sheets and so it work,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:49.00,0:41:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what if you're losing what sort of \Nadvice billions of tons a life
Dialogue: 0,0:29:04.00,0:29:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in that reduces its attraction and \Na bit of a surprise intuition
Dialogue: 0,0:33:58.00,0:34:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and nearby streets.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:59.00,0:40:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This comes out why the overall effect \Nthat you put that all into
Dialogue: 0,0:41:02.00,0:25:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the global 3 level,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:55.00,0:39:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but in fact merely hosting the \N3 level with pregnant fall
Dialogue: 0,0:41:08.00,0:27:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,considerably more and in fact,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:11.00,0:32:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they've only been a few idealized \Ncomputer simulations trying to
Dialogue: 0,0:32:34.00,0:27:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,put this in.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:25.00,0:32:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think you into countenance does \Nprovide a little bit of a
Dialogue: 0,0:40:59.00,0:35:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,stabilizer to to grabbing line retreat \Nif 3 we will media actually
Dialogue: 0,0:36:44.00,0:41:36.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,doing a relic later is falling.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:36.00,0:36:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I should just say there's the bad \Nnews consequence of local effect
Dialogue: 0,0:36:30.00,0:39:03.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which it means that those who level \Nrises more than you might have
Dialogue: 0,0:39:03.00,0:37:07.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,expected far away from you know I \Nthink there are some estimates
Dialogue: 0,0:30:58.00,0:41:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that in North America,
Dialogue: 0,0:41:59.00,0:36:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you might get 25% more than global \Naverage the level but when
Dialogue: 0,0:32:25.00,0:42:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Northwest.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:35.00,0:42:36.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But what will have to go somewhere.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:07.00,0:37:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Right now,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:38.00,0:38:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some scientists including the Intergovernmental \NPanel on climate
Dialogue: 0,0:40:01.00,0:33:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,change suggest total sea level rise \Nby 2100 may only be one meter
Dialogue: 0,0:39:56.00,0:30:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,others think that's a very \Nconservative estimate,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:19.00,0:42:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we might get that much from Antarctic \Nmelting alone plus what
Dialogue: 0,0:26:43.00,0:41:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,comes from the Arctic Roland Warren.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:44.00,0:38:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What do you think.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:56.00,0:38:56.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yeah,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:56.00,0:26:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it is you know finally unforgiving \Nquestion the contribution,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:53.00,0:33:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,particularly from Antarctic ever trauma.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:55.00,0:41:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I see.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:25.00,0:39:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In general terms and global sea level \Nrise the IPCC is as you say
Dialogue: 0,0:39:21.00,0:41:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,, coming up with numbers of the regardless \Ncomforted by also have
Dialogue: 0,0:41:54.00,0:32:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to come up.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:35.00,0:34:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Of course with what they think might \Nhappen under a whole range of
Dialogue: 0,0:27:29.00,0:34:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of efforts and because of \Nthe immense scrutiny.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:13.00,0:38:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The IPCC hands they do put a lot \Nof effort into qualifying.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:59.00,0:39:24.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What they mean by being uncertain \Nabout something and you know you
Dialogue: 0,0:39:24.00,0:27:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can go and look at their tables and \Nif they say very likely there
Dialogue: 0,0:27:58.00,0:32:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,meant he was such a such a probability \Npercentage but when it came
Dialogue: 0,0:34:52.00,0:40:27.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to Antarctica they they finally \Nhad to give up on that,
Dialogue: 0,0:40:27.00,0:33:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and while I think that everybody \Ncollapse of these so called
Dialogue: 0,0:33:12.00,0:33:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,marine sectors of Antarctic ice sheet \Nif initiated could make fee
Dialogue: 0,0:35:17.00,0:27:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,level rise substantially above the \Nunlikely range the best they
Dialogue: 0,0:27:52.00,0:35:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,could do was say this additional \Ncontribution would not exceed
Dialogue: 0,0:39:45.00,0:30:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,several tents ultimately tire during \Nthe 21st century now for be
Dialogue: 0,0:31:52.00,0:27:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,over weapons from listen carefully \Ncalibrated on for me in terms
Dialogue: 0,0:28:27.00,0:31:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of,
Dialogue: 0,0:31:37.00,0:34:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know several tenths of a meter \Ncover the everywhere from you
Dialogue: 0,0:34:11.00,0:35:24.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,know 20cm to the best part of a meter.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:24.00,0:37:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this really is the most uncertain \Ncontribution towards her long
Dialogue: 0,0:37:40.00,0:37:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,term 3 level prediction things like \Na federal expansion of the
Dialogue: 0,0:37:43.00,0:39:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ocean pretty well on the \Ncontrolling terms,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:26.00,0:42:36.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:36.00,0:35:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think that for various different \Nclimate warming scenario now
Dialogue: 0,0:38:10.00,0:29:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,graces of often fairly hard to do \Nat least and I thought we were
Dialogue: 0,0:31:14.00,0:31:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the worst that can happen is they \Nmight eventually old me on,
Dialogue: 0,0:31:58.00,0:36:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know,
Dialogue: 0,0:36:28.00,0:44:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one of that sort of analysis \Nto Antarctica on Greenland.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:42.00,0:35:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we got a useful worst case scenario,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:35.00,0:29:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because it tells you something like \N60 millions feeling harassed,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:30.00,0:44:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is certainly not going \Nto happen any time soon,
Dialogue: 0,0:44:22.00,0:31:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it's also not a useful \Nyou know in member.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:27.00,0:28:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:58.00,0:34:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,really,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:18.00,0:36:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's so shocking if would rearrange \Ncivilization altogether if we
Dialogue: 0,0:36:42.00,0:33:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,eventually get that much but as you say,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:04.00,0:31:36.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we're talking at least in centuries.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:49.00,0:36:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You're listening to shock radio \Nbefore the world and.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:24.00,0:37:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm Alex Smith get all their \Nwebsite shock.org.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:01.00,0:32:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Don't forget,
Dialogue: 0,0:32:52.00,0:45:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or a hot interview with proper garden \Nwizard Marjorie Wilde is
Dialogue: 0,0:45:05.00,0:40:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,still to come.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:58.00,0:38:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is Radio Eco shock were talking \Nwith Australian Antarctic
Dialogue: 0,0:39:41.00,0:32:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,expert Dr. Roland Warner another \Ncomplication difficult for
Dialogue: 0,0:32:55.00,0:30:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,non-scientist Dr. awarded to understand \Nis the prediction that
Dialogue: 0,0:31:08.00,0:35:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,snowfall on Antarctica may actually \Nincrease with climate change.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:12.00,0:36:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And even that may help speed \Nglacier movement to the sea.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:55.00,0:31:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Can you talk to us about that please.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:48.00,0:35:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:58.00,0:36:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think we certainly expect that \Nthe most think is not yet
Dialogue: 0,0:38:01.00,0:34:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,receiving the sort of squandering \Nwarming that's been so dramatic
Dialogue: 0,0:36:15.00,0:33:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the Antarctic Peninsula.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:37.00,0:45:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that may be partly due to \Nslowly fighting other thing.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:51.00,0:33:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,From the of these on hold in Antarctica,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:54.00,0:45:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which has tended to have an influence \Non on Antarctic climate but
Dialogue: 0,0:29:49.00,0:45:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if the it image arises.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:40.00,0:35:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's still going to be very cold,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:23.00,0:39:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but clearly warmer air can hold more \Nmoisture and everybody does
Dialogue: 0,0:39:57.00,0:39:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,expect that that's not \Nfault when Antarctica.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:00.00,0:41:15.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We will increase and part seems \Nstudies that suggest that that
Dialogue: 0,0:38:46.00,0:35:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,itself accelerates the 4 out of the ocean.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:21.00,0:44:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think that 30 increased \Nmelting of ourselves.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:45.00,0:33:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is likely to be enough.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:47.00,0:35:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm eager think in that some \Nof the studies the need.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:52.00,0:41:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know it.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:22.00,0:37:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,20 years ago so that you know if \Nyou think it's going to take out
Dialogue: 0,0:39:16.00,0:30:51.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a thousand years to establish some \Nnew equilibrium then with do
Dialogue: 0,0:30:51.00,0:38:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you get 2 meters or 3 meters of \Nsea level rise from Antarctica
Dialogue: 0,0:33:56.00,0:41:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would depend on whether you had \Nfactored in this compensating
Dialogue: 0,0:45:19.00,0:33:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,effect on of high rates of \Nsnowfall in Antarctica,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:33.00,0:38:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because obviously so far the Antarctic,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:45.00,0:43:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there is really nothing putting feel \Nright away in the bank and it
Dialogue: 0,0:45:29.00,0:44:03.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can take understood however that \Nyou start to flow back so it's
Dialogue: 0,0:45:23.00,0:35:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,certainly an important \Ncompensating effect,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:46.00,0:33:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I think the Democratic response \Nreally driven by the ocean is
Dialogue: 0,0:34:20.00,0:40:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,going to be that the biggest influence \Non Antarctic trying.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:45.00,0:36:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Right.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:25.00,0:33:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's hard for people to \Nunderstand that it's,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:57.00,0:31:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's not that the warming air temperatures \Ngoing to melt he sings
Dialogue: 0,0:31:20.00,0:46:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from above,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:20.00,0:41:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's at the hotter ocean reaching \Nin is going to weaken them from
Dialogue: 0,0:43:24.00,0:31:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,below,
Dialogue: 0,0:31:25.00,0:39:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,isn't it.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:35.00,0:47:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The story.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:26.00,0:36:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's certainly what we're seeing,
Dialogue: 0,0:36:28.00,0:39:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,particularly because some of the \Nareas further but changing the
Dialogue: 0,0:39:31.00,0:44:15.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,most practically at the moment in \Nthe area of of Antarctica and so
Dialogue: 0,0:44:15.00,0:37:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on in the Pacific Ocean,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:17.00,0:33:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:08.00,0:40:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the I'm this is almost about as \Nfar south as you can actually
Dialogue: 0,0:41:42.00,0:48:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,find was.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:13.00,0:38:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Before you actually bumping into \NAntarctica and you know it's
Dialogue: 0,0:40:06.00,0:44:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there with it.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:57.00,0:40:51.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Temperatures are still well although \Nfor you think that that we're
Dialogue: 0,0:42:21.00,0:36:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,seeing these these biggest changes \Nand it is one of the places
Dialogue: 0,0:36:14.00,0:34:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where we know that when the warm ocean \Ncurrents circulate normally
Dialogue: 0,0:35:29.00,0:34:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at some distance around \NAntarctica do manage,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:32.00,0:48:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but by virtue of currents and the \Ntopography of them Continental
Dialogue: 0,0:33:06.00,0:37:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Shelf,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:46.00,0:42:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the new mines to come into all the \Nhere and certainly here so that
Dialogue: 0,0:42:50.00,0:45:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the,
Dialogue: 0,0:45:40.00,0:33:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the power of our ocean water.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:43.00,0:38:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:33.00,0:42:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sort of,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:23.00,0:45:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's,
Dialogue: 0,0:45:13.00,0:46:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know the risk for me,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:14.00,0:33:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the effect all of warmer air temperature \Nat least in the more
Dialogue: 0,0:33:59.00,0:41:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,northerly parts of Antarctica where \Ntemperature and from a mill
Dialogue: 0,0:43:04.00,0:32:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,things on the surface of these ice \Nshelves is actually certainly
Dialogue: 0,0:36:19.00,0:34:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,playing a big role in the rather \Ndramatic disintegration over the
Dialogue: 0,0:34:44.00,0:44:07.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,matter of a few weeks of a few \Nourselves in the Antarctic
Dialogue: 0,0:45:37.00,0:39:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Peninsula.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:48.00,0:38:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Back on them.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:29.00,0:43:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean last century.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:51.00,0:34:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:02.00,0:42:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all along we've talked about West \NAntarctica and East Antarctica
Dialogue: 0,0:42:45.00,0:41:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as though they were almost separate \Nparts of the puzzle.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:58.00,0:41:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Are there any generalizations \Nyou can give us about what is
Dialogue: 0,0:41:41.00,0:43:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,happening in these 2 halves \Ncompared to each other.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:35.00,0:33:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yeah,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:06.00,0:41:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's interesting that in some ways \Nand they they do fit being
Dialogue: 0,0:43:39.00,0:39:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,described as if they were \N2 different worlds,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:23.00,0:41:07.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the observational evidence we have \Nfallen further Oval Office the
Dialogue: 0,0:45:37.00,0:41:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Heisman tactics because we can \Nactually directly made the
Dialogue: 0,0:43:41.00,0:35:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,disappearance of ice from space either \Nby seeing the change in the
Dialogue: 0,0:41:27.00,0:35:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fall of the ice surface,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:59.00,0:33:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,telling us that the eye soothing \Ncinnamon falling off or by
Dialogue: 0,0:33:33.00,0:39:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,actually worryingly the from space.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:35.00,0:49:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We can tell that within topic is \Nwhere currently mostly action is
Dialogue: 0,0:39:30.00,0:39:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,overall it is Antarctica,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:02.00,0:39:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,very little change may be some \Nslight overall increase,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:35.00,0:38:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,although this area around the Tottenham \Nplace is one of the hot
Dialogue: 0,0:38:59.00,0:42:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,spot.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:49.00,0:40:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Fantastic areas that's the place \Nwith his most consistent I floss
Dialogue: 0,0:40:53.00,0:34:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,going on there,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:54.00,0:35:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is what the reasons we have \Ninterested but so in terms of
Dialogue: 0,0:37:08.00,0:46:39.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the current response.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:39.00,0:35:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This seems to be 2 separate worlds.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:32.00,0:46:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,However,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:52.00,0:39:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what we,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:23.00,0:50:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,realizing as we discussed earlier \Nis these parts of East
Dialogue: 0,0:34:27.00,0:38:51.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Antarctica in terms of this very deep \Nbedrock well below sea level
Dialogue: 0,0:37:42.00,0:43:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,channels can anything that out towards \Nthe new some of that is a
Dialogue: 0,0:44:36.00,0:40:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,lot more like West Antarctica in \Nterms of its setting people
Dialogue: 0,0:43:21.00,0:35:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,previously thought they could well \Nbe that it's simply a matter of
Dialogue: 0,0:41:46.00,0:48:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the response of the forcing and perhaps \Nin East Antarctica in the
Dialogue: 0,0:48:30.00,0:38:51.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,future,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:51.00,0:44:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we might see phenomenal wing of recognize \Nfrom what we presently 3
Dialogue: 0,0:47:35.00,0:44:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,West Antarctica.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:27.00,0:41:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Dr. Warner are we able to say whether \Nin total Antarctica is
Dialogue: 0,0:41:01.00,0:36:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,losing mass staying the same \Nor gaining ice mass.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:45.00,0:35:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yeah,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:16.00,0:34:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's very clearly losing harness \Nand there's pretty good evidence
Dialogue: 0,0:38:10.00,0:50:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for that rate of losses XL or anything \Nthat comes from the direct
Dialogue: 0,0:34:54.00,0:44:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,observation for growing putting \Nthe icing on on the sky often
Dialogue: 0,0:48:48.00,0:37:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,turning you know you're so that \Nwill often with Antarctic it
Dialogue: 0,0:40:13.00,0:37:07.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without weighing flight increases \Na whole stability in East
Dialogue: 0,0:37:07.00,0:44:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Antarctica.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:38.00,0:51:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The experts think that in maybe another \Nyear of observations will
Dialogue: 0,0:36:52.00,0:45:36.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,be in a better position to sort out \Ninfluence in that process of
Dialogue: 0,0:37:17.00,0:38:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,seasonal variations,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:18.00,0:45:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you like,
Dialogue: 0,0:45:38.00,0:43:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,particularly in snowfall,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:20.00,0:44:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's quite impressive.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:21.00,0:37:03.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The talking from space.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:03.00,0:43:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can actually seeing this actually \Nisn't very much is at the
Dialogue: 0,0:44:06.00,0:35:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,scene Greenland in Antarctica,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:19.00,0:43:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but you can actually seeing Greenland \Nthe seasonal arrival of the
Dialogue: 0,0:44:22.00,0:47:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,big dumps of snow that come in the \Nwinter and the great a loss of
Dialogue: 0,0:45:56.00,0:43:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,over the summer,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:47.00,0:46:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean it's actually that their \Nannual cycle quite visible,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:30.00,0:44:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know if I think there is things \Nare not quite clear because
Dialogue: 0,0:51:53.00,0:49:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,things are happening on Holmgren \NEarth's lower scale,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:17.00,0:42:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but people I convinced that you know \Ncutting observations longer
Dialogue: 0,0:49:51.00,0:49:56.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,will allow us through to sort out \Ntrends without the confusion of
Dialogue: 0,0:39:57.00,0:38:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these variations.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:08.00,0:36:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well,
Dialogue: 0,0:36:29.00,0:43:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the key question was sea level rises \Nalways when and we discussed
Dialogue: 0,0:43:22.00,0:40:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this a little bit,
Dialogue: 0,0:40:33.00,0:37:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but do we have enough science \Nyet to really know how much
Dialogue: 0,0:38:07.00,0:48:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Antarctica will add to the world's \Noceans during this century.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:12.00,0:40:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No,
Dialogue: 0,0:40:12.00,0:47:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we don't,
Dialogue: 0,0:47:32.00,0:46:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's actually 2 biggest unknown \Nin trying to predict what sea
Dialogue: 0,0:47:47.00,0:43:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,level to expect and in fact the IPCC \Nfelt they couldn't even give
Dialogue: 0,0:43:02.00,0:41:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you an opinion about how much of the \Nresponse might vary according
Dialogue: 0,0:41:06.00,0:45:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to what for the phone global warming \Npractical trajectory we we
Dialogue: 0,0:45:10.00,0:45:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,found ourselves on.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:31.00,0:50:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it's,
Dialogue: 0,0:50:52.00,0:45:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's quite serious on their own and \Nthe other thing about and how
Dialogue: 0,0:45:05.00,0:48:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to his that is a lot of life there \Nwe finally passed on the fact
Dialogue: 0,0:49:10.00,0:51:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that I see is sitting on this this \Nwell below sea level rock.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:05.00,0:39:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of the other complications several \Nareas west Antarctica is
Dialogue: 0,0:40:40.00,0:49:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the paradigm for this.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:01.00,0:37:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I guess the better just get a deeper \Nand deeper and deeper as you
Dialogue: 0,0:37:45.00,0:38:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,go towards the interior of the \Nice sheet and so there is a
Dialogue: 0,0:38:09.00,0:38:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,possibility.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:40.00,0:42:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in fact this part of the marine \Ninstability there is a
Dialogue: 0,0:42:34.00,0:37:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,prospect of if the grounding line \Nis starting to move inland it'll
Dialogue: 0,0:40:18.00,0:42:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just keep on going and it will \Ncontinue to retrieve and you
Dialogue: 0,0:42:22.00,0:44:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,continue to lose a life until you \Nfinally managed to heavy rice
Dialogue: 0,0:45:16.00,0:45:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sheep catch itself on some bedrock \Nfeatures and so on the state of
Dialogue: 0,0:45:40.00,0:47:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Alaska have retreat process.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:52.00,0:42:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what sort of year they were centuries.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:55.00,0:48:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is rather uncertain and the \Nprospect is good you can keep on
Dialogue: 0,0:50:40.00,0:47:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,giving and they could keep on giving \Neven if we stabilize the
Dialogue: 0,0:47:44.00,0:48:36.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,world in some warmer started.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:07.00,0:47:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes I think NASA so came out \Nand said that the process is
Dialogue: 0,0:47:21.00,0:43:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,unstoppable.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:53.00,0:50:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes the,
Dialogue: 0,0:50:54.00,0:42:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:35.00,0:45:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I think what's happening in this \NI'm I'm simply region with a
Dialogue: 0,0:45:48.00,0:39:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,couple of them being places they like \Nwhite guys here is they feel
Dialogue: 0,0:41:13.00,0:41:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they've done enough on bedrock profiling \Nthere again using his
Dialogue: 0,0:41:17.00,0:40:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,high penetrating radar system to \Nsay they can't see any obvious.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:01.00,0:48:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Neil anchor points that would \Nstop further retreat,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:14.00,0:50:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but has currently started so when \Nthe IPCC said market get more
Dialogue: 0,0:51:59.00,0:38:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,civil rights and we can't really \Nquantify it if we start to
Dialogue: 0,0:38:54.00,0:53:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,initiate the citizenry nicely collapse it.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:28.00,0:52:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's possible always seeing the \Nfirst stages and already.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:32.00,0:43:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Please tell us about a couple of \Nprojects the Antarctic climate
Dialogue: 0,0:43:46.00,0:50:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and ecosystems Cooperative Research \NCentre has on the go.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:10.00,0:42:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Right will be that we just had,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:22.00,0:43:27.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think the renewed last year so \Nwe there so that they'll stall
Dialogue: 0,0:43:57.00,0:45:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with what we think of the most pressing \Nissues even part of the
Dialogue: 0,0:45:22.00,0:45:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ecosystem area and so we have a major \Noverarching projects on this
Dialogue: 0,0:48:37.00,0:41:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ocean driven election of the Antarctic \Nice and Billy always
Dialogue: 0,0:42:11.00,0:47:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,matters.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:41.00,0:54:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've been talking about tonight.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:13.00,0:49:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know activities range from voyages \Nwith we had a voyage where
Dialogue: 0,0:50:28.00,0:42:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they are right,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:49.00,0:45:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that is ice breaker to the front of \Nthe Tottenham away if you know
Dialogue: 0,0:45:52.00,0:47:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,, and just this time January where \Nthey did actually verify the
Dialogue: 0,0:47:57.00,0:47:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,first time anybody's got this for \Nthe coming crop of Tottenham.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:31.00,0:52:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If I.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:23.00,0:42:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pack I just 5 permanent captain was \Nbrave enough to try only and
Dialogue: 0,0:42:58.00,0:53:51.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,get some maintenance and so we \Ndo know that the warm water is
Dialogue: 0,0:53:51.00,0:49:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,actually arriving there at the front \Nof the charity and with this
Dialogue: 0,0:49:25.00,0:48:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,work at just being published.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:58.00,0:53:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well,
Dialogue: 0,0:53:18.00,0:54:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I should say time Damon \NGreen down from them.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:10.00,0:41:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,University of Texas in Austin \Nwe now think that we can the
Dialogue: 0,0:46:15.00,0:39:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,channels by which water is gonna \Nmake its way onto the ice.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:49.00,0:43:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:29.00,0:55:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the problem remains a major \Ninterest for us,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:02.00,0:41:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we've already been doing most circulation \Nmore studies to try and
Dialogue: 0,0:41:38.00,0:52:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,explore how the ocean circulation \Nmoves underneath my shelves and
Dialogue: 0,0:52:11.00,0:40:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,also how the resulting water \Naffects the external,
Dialogue: 0,0:40:16.00,0:45:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and now that we've gone an improved \Npicture of what the state
Dialogue: 0,0:47:40.00,0:50:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,underneath the problem looks like,
Dialogue: 0,0:50:31.00,0:56:15.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but will be going back dramas again \Nand the big step forward is to
Dialogue: 0,0:56:15.00,0:48:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,start coupling the dynamics of the \Nice shelves the flow of the
Dialogue: 0,0:48:09.00,0:43:03.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ground and I behind with the ocean \Nbecause on as if your melting
Dialogue: 0,0:53:53.00,0:49:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the bottom of changing geometry of \Nthat that changes were talking
Dialogue: 0,0:50:08.00,0:52:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:48.00,0:43:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know he arrives and \Nwhat was living in,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:01.00,0:41:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we need to topple assistance together \Neventually that will become
Dialogue: 0,0:42:34.00,0:42:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,part of in times of system model,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:38.00,0:41:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we'll be doing more so they work \Nwith area geophysical surveys
Dialogue: 0,0:48:52.00,0:48:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,exploring them prices a bedrock \Nand Antarctica we're used to be
Dialogue: 0,0:48:37.00,0:53:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that talking on the phone.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:28.00,0:53:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Part of the whole planet \Nwithout them person,
Dialogue: 0,0:53:30.00,0:43:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is a the lapels,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:32.00,0:50:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we know what's some of \Nthese part of Antarctica.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:04.00,0:43:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that work will be continuing and \Nwe've also got film programs
Dialogue: 0,0:44:59.00,0:45:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,homely namely myself this is extent \NI think biggest ice shelf in
Dialogue: 0,0:48:03.00,0:42:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Antarctica is 3rd largest myself and \Nwe've had field program there
Dialogue: 0,0:43:47.00,0:51:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with oceanographic instruments \Nthat were deployed by drilling
Dialogue: 0,0:51:10.00,0:45:24.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,through nearly a thousand meters \Nof of ice shelf and appalling
Dialogue: 0,0:45:24.00,0:54:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,instruments in the ocean underneath \Nenormous find out what's
Dialogue: 0,0:54:57.00,0:55:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,actually going on in these rather \Nthe inaccessible parts of the
Dialogue: 0,0:56:40.00,0:44:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,planet.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:51.00,0:53:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know what hearing you talk,
Dialogue: 0,0:53:13.00,0:44:07.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it almost sounds like we're trying \Nto discover some things about
Dialogue: 0,0:45:47.00,0:53:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mars.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:47.00,0:55:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know it's a mile deep beneath the ice,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:50.00,0:54:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's very difficult to peer around,
Dialogue: 0,0:54:02.00,0:57:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we,
Dialogue: 0,0:57:12.00,0:54:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we don't know a lot of things it.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:54.00,0:50:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's amazing that we're finding \Nout as much as we do.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:28.00,0:54:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yeah,
Dialogue: 0,0:54:08.00,0:52:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:09.00,0:57:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But we,
Dialogue: 0,0:57:29.00,0:46:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we thought that if I cap survey come \NCasey staging of us and say
Dialogue: 0,0:46:13.00,0:57:15.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we don't have a thousand \Nkilometers long and,
Dialogue: 0,0:57:15.00,0:52:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,back home on each flight there,
Dialogue: 0,0:52:38.00,0:54:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there was an area where they were,
Dialogue: 0,0:54:19.00,0:52:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,maybe 2 ground based survey the of \Nwhole previous 50 years I had
Dialogue: 0,0:53:25.00,0:55:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,talking exploration and we would \Ngather that stay there in an
Dialogue: 0,0:55:09.00,0:44:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,8-hour flight and Soviet with further \Nciting it in there were
Dialogue: 0,0:45:54.00,0:49:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,still a few places,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:45.00,0:54:07.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which we hope to get to where it.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:28.00,0:52:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you were a 15th century make \Nyou probably writing here be
Dialogue: 0,0:54:11.00,0:52:03.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dragons vigorous,
Dialogue: 0,0:52:03.00,0:46:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we still don't have had detailed \Nbedrock there but sadly the map
Dialogue: 0,0:47:38.00,0:50:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is is being filming.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:30.00,0:55:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,From Hobart Tasmania.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:21.00,0:45:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've been talking with Dr. Roland \NC Warner he's a researcher with
Dialogue: 0,0:47:25.00,0:46:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Australia's Antarctic climate and \Necosystems Cooperative Research
Dialogue: 0,0:46:29.00,0:54:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Centre Dr. Roland.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:50.00,0:53:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you so much for sharing \Nyour time with us.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:52.00,0:55:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I really appreciate it.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:44.00,0:42:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's been a blatant.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:55.00,0:55:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm Alex Smith reporting for Radio Eco.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:46.00,0:50:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are back after the online grow \Nyour own food summit with the
Dialogue: 0,0:50:59.00,0:48:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,organizer Marjorie while Kraft Marjorie \Nremind us just once again
Dialogue: 0,0:49:33.00,0:49:56.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where you grow your food in the \Nway you operate your homestead
Dialogue: 0,0:49:56.00,0:49:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,experiments.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:47.00,0:48:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:58.00,0:43:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I actually I wasn't Central \NTexas and my homestead,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:53.00,0:54:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is a resort.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:43.00,0:49:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Center dedicated to finding systems \Nand developing systems for you
Dialogue: 0,0:49:08.00,0:49:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to be able to grow having your own \Nfood in a backyard cyberspace
Dialogue: 0,0:58:01.00,0:53:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and less than an hour a \Nday pretty tall order.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:44.00,0:51:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But we're working on it.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:46.00,0:55:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Last week,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:26.00,0:56:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you talked about getting her husband \Nand son on board with aqua
Dialogue: 0,0:45:00.00,0:45:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,panics is it necessary to have everybody \Nin your family on board
Dialogue: 0,0:45:04.00,0:56:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with this prep gardening style \Nright from the get-go.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:07.00,0:43:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:18.00,0:49:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in fact,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:48.00,0:54:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'd say that the vast.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:59.00,0:50:03.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Majority of of people who will \Nconsider themselves peppers.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:03.00,0:48:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They have a reluctant spouse or \Nreluctant children and so they
Dialogue: 0,0:49:37.00,0:48:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just you know go and do what they \Ndo anyway with growing your own
Dialogue: 0,0:48:01.00,0:58:51.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,food.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:51.00,0:44:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What I would recommend is just get \Nstarted and the family actually
Dialogue: 0,0:44:46.00,0:54:07.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,starts to get involved in it,
Dialogue: 0,0:54:07.00,0:50:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one of the best ways to get them \Non board is when you're
Dialogue: 0,0:50:20.00,0:59:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,harvesting.
Dialogue: 0,0:59:30.00,0:58:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's one of the most delightful \Ntimes especially with kids I got
Dialogue: 0,0:59:24.00,0:52:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I can give you some of the best \Nvegetables to grow for kids.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:47.00,0:45:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It'll make can all must be out there \Nin your yard treating it like
Dialogue: 0,0:45:20.00,0:46:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a snack bar,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:01.00,0:49:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:11.00,0:57:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there's lot cherry tomatoes that \Ngrows so well in the summertime.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:34.00,0:56:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Those kids will be out there fighting \Nforum and in the cooler
Dialogue: 0,0:56:57.00,0:46:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,seasons those sugar snap peas are \Ndelicious were strawberries.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:42.00,0:52:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know,
Dialogue: 0,0:52:22.00,0:53:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you've got some really \Ntasty food out there.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:44.00,0:59:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Those kids will be out there playing \Nwith it and that's one way to
Dialogue: 0,0:59:06.00,0:53:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,get them involved with it without \Nit even being proper saying
Dialogue: 0,0:54:40.00,1:00:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,grain.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:31.00,0:46:24.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Tell us about your Aqua panic set \Nup what have you done there.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:44.00,0:45:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know,
Dialogue: 0,0:45:55.00,0:54:15.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we,
Dialogue: 0,0:54:15.00,0:45:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we've built one and I believe it's \Nlike 30 feet long by about 12
Dialogue: 0,0:47:00.00,0:50:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,feet wide and it has 150 gallon \Nfish tank and you know I had
Dialogue: 0,0:52:05.00,0:52:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,always initially avoided alcoholics \Nbecause it's a little bit high
Dialogue: 0,0:52:48.00,0:50:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,tech you know it's going to involve \Nmotor motors and pumps and and
Dialogue: 0,0:50:52.00,0:46:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and things like that which actually \Nended up being the attraction
Dialogue: 0,0:46:35.00,1:00:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for my husband and my and that's \Nthe reason they like it is,
Dialogue: 0,1:00:47.00,0:59:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's kinda hard.
Dialogue: 0,0:59:09.00,0:48:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't even impressed with those systems.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:02.00,0:55:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They do require energy.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:33.00,0:48:27.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know you're gonna be needing \Nsome solar power wind power or
Dialogue: 0,0:48:27.00,0:49:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the electrical grid which is another \Nreason we had avoided it
Dialogue: 0,0:52:00.00,0:49:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,initially we were initially always \Ndeveloping our systems for
Dialogue: 0,0:50:03.00,0:46:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ingrid down or open that sustainability \Ntype of situation,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:08.00,0:57:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but we ended up going with this,
Dialogue: 0,0:57:29.00,0:55:03.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I I have to say that it is definitely \Neasier to grow food in the
Dialogue: 0,0:55:03.00,0:58:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Arc upon access tomorrow.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:34.00,0:54:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our first year of experiments are \Nall that way it does require a
Dialogue: 0,0:54:19.00,0:54:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,little bit more watching for example \Nthat pump goes out your fish
Dialogue: 0,0:54:33.00,0:45:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,only have so long before they're \Ngonna need oxygen and and die so
Dialogue: 0,0:46:38.00,0:50:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it,
Dialogue: 0,0:50:48.00,0:57:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it does need a little bit more \Nmonitoring like that,
Dialogue: 0,0:57:30.00,1:01:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but on the other hand,
Dialogue: 0,1:01:01.00,1:00:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it really is easier and part of that \Nhere in Central Texas it was
Dialogue: 0,0:52:25.00,0:51:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,protected from the wind.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:46.00,0:47:39.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was protected from extremes \Nof heat and cold.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:39.00,0:49:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know the plants just grew better \Nthe fish created the waste
Dialogue: 0,0:50:32.00,0:55:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that will said the plants and \Nand it worked really well,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:14.00,0:59:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's a,
Dialogue: 0,0:59:14.00,0:57:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's a good system.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:56.00,0:55:39.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know it's canvas often closest \NAmin away but it is tricky and
Dialogue: 0,0:55:39.00,1:01:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,technical as you say I I've \Nbeen avoiding it so far.
Dialogue: 0,1:01:32.00,0:46:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's talk about perma culture that's \Nanother major contender for
Dialogue: 0,0:47:56.00,0:53:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,truly sustainable agriculture have \Nyou experimented with the food
Dialogue: 0,0:53:09.00,0:57:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for and by the way,
Dialogue: 0,0:57:10.00,1:01:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what is a food for us.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:52.00,0:50:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well I love food for us and I have \Nto say this is my particular
Dialogue: 0,0:52:26.00,1:01:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,favorite.
Dialogue: 0,1:01:56.00,0:51:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Way to grow food.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:58.00,1:01:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The idea of a food forces you create \Nan area that mimics nature in
Dialogue: 0,1:01:12.00,0:57:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that you plant trees and bushes and \Nvines and honorable way errors
Dialogue: 0,0:57:26.00,0:55:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and every plant in there is edible \Nor medicine or beneficial in
Dialogue: 0,0:56:21.00,1:01:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some way and if you look at the forest.
Dialogue: 0,1:01:13.00,0:59:07.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A 4th does not need any tending right \Nyou go to a pristine forest
Dialogue: 0,1:00:37.00,0:55:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the trees,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:08.00,1:01:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there they drop their leaves their \Nself marching you know they
Dialogue: 0,1:02:21.00,0:51:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they've learned how to manage \Nthe water that comes to them.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:34.00,0:54:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Naturally they don't need to be irrigated \Nand they often you know
Dialogue: 0,0:55:57.00,0:50:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there's still some production of \Nfood and animals and wildlife
Dialogue: 0,0:53:00.00,0:48:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,within it.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:31.00,0:47:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what we trying to do is create \Nsystems like that and then they
Dialogue: 0,0:47:54.00,0:54:27.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,get back and try to maybe had its \Nwith a little bit more benefit
Dialogue: 0,0:55:47.00,0:57:51.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,toward us there more investment \Nin time getting up and started
Dialogue: 0,0:58:41.00,1:02:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because a lot of your fruit and \Nnut trees are not gonna start
Dialogue: 0,0:48:04.00,0:49:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,producing for 5 to 10 years.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:16.00,0:51:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But once you get them established \Nthey're much much less work than
Dialogue: 0,0:54:00.00,0:51:51.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,annual gardens.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:51.00,0:53:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We all know gardening can help seniors \Nmaintain their mental and
Dialogue: 0,0:55:15.00,0:53:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,physical health much longer but eventually \Nwe may not be able to
Dialogue: 0,0:53:29.00,1:01:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,handle the heavy work,
Dialogue: 0,1:01:50.00,0:53:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how can we set up a garden to keep \Ngoing with very little effort.
Dialogue: 0,1:02:14.00,0:49:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:35.00,0:57:15.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's it.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:15.00,0:49:56.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Exactly,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:56.00,0:57:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's why food Forrester such and \Nit's it's a real retirement
Dialogue: 0,0:57:19.00,0:48:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,plan,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:20.00,0:51:51.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,unlike Social Security,
Dialogue: 0,0:51:51.00,0:53:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which we never really know \Nif that's come along.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:33.00,0:58:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's going to be a.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:45.00,0:50:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So a real retirement plan is going \Nto be to play at the food for
Dialogue: 0,0:52:59.00,0:55:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,store to plant a small orchard right now.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:12.00,1:00:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well,
Dialogue: 0,1:00:12.00,0:57:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you've got the strength and energy \Nto have that going and then you
Dialogue: 0,0:57:06.00,0:59:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,know in your later years.
Dialogue: 0,0:59:17.00,0:48:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a lot easier to just harvest \Napples and it is to be planting
Dialogue: 0,0:59:41.00,0:56:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,doing all the work of the annual garden.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:24.00,0:56:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's talk about prepping for past \Nside built 2 big raised their
Dialogue: 0,0:56:47.00,0:56:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,heads out of some years lumber \Nbut I put a wire lying on the
Dialogue: 0,0:56:30.00,1:03:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bottom to keep both the morals of \Nseem to love by rich garden soil
Dialogue: 0,1:03:43.00,0:49:27.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,. What else can we do to encourage \Npassed to stay out of the
Dialogue: 0,0:49:27.00,0:56:27.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,garden.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:58.00,0:56:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well,
Dialogue: 0,0:56:08.00,0:53:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one thing is to have a more first.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:10.00,0:49:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They have really good rich soil \Nwill help reduce your insect
Dialogue: 0,0:53:34.00,0:54:56.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,problems for more than golfers.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:56.00,1:01:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Personally,
Dialogue: 0,1:01:06.00,0:57:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have a big problem that we have \Na lot of sand here and I've been
Dialogue: 0,0:57:49.00,0:48:24.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,experimenting with using castor beans \Nas a mole repellent and of
Dialogue: 0,0:49:14.00,1:00:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I go forward talent and so far \Nit seems to be working very
Dialogue: 0,1:00:16.00,0:53:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,well in fact Castro used to be \Nknown as as no go for plant.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:41.00,1:01:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of the realities of having beautiful \Nfood source like that as
Dialogue: 0,1:01:04.00,1:01:07.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you are going to need to have some \Nfencing or some protection from
Dialogue: 0,1:03:47.00,1:01:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,everything else that loves to eat \Nyour food like raccoons or
Dialogue: 0,1:03:00.00,0:52:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,squirrels or rabbits.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:42.00,1:02:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So a good fence around your \Ngarden is just a reality.
Dialogue: 0,1:01:05.00,1:03:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well,
Dialogue: 0,1:03:35.00,0:59:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,our about 7 feet high and then we \Ndangle little pieces of cloth
Dialogue: 0,0:59:49.00,0:48:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and colored foil on the top of that \Nto keep the deer from jumping
Dialogue: 0,0:48:33.00,0:52:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:43.00,0:51:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But for the rest we always planned \Na little extra for all the
Dialogue: 0,0:51:26.00,0:57:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,creatures that are gonna \Neat out of your garden.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:58.00,0:59:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Whether you like it or not.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:30.00,0:54:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's a very good practice we rely \Nvery heavily on 2 dogs to do a
Dialogue: 0,0:54:45.00,0:51:39.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,large part of the protection \Nfrom the predators here,
Dialogue: 0,0:51:39.00,1:01:51.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but one of the Dodgers' even really \Ngood at spotting overhead
Dialogue: 0,1:03:41.00,0:57:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,aerial hawks and Barking and letting \Neverybody know when the Hawks
Dialogue: 0,0:57:05.00,0:54:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are nearby and I find them invaluable \Nthey they work all night
Dialogue: 0,1:00:09.00,0:56:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they mostly sleep all day.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:41.00,0:48:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't see them very much because \NI give them the butchering
Dialogue: 0,0:50:34.00,1:04:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,scraps from when we do butchering \Nand then they offered just get
Dialogue: 0,1:04:36.00,0:48:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whatever table scraps.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:48.00,0:59:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We don't need and then they they \Nfind what they can you know the
Dialogue: 0,1:00:30.00,0:50:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bigger catcher rabbit here and there,
Dialogue: 0,0:50:44.00,1:04:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so they don't really require a lot \Nof input and they do a lot of
Dialogue: 0,1:04:16.00,0:53:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,work.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:58.00,0:55:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I was doing part time \Nfirming in eastern Canada.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:31.00,0:57:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The only chemical are used as wrote \Nknown it's made from ground-up
Dialogue: 0,0:58:44.00,1:00:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,roots of a South American plant and \NRobert rodeo used it I had to
Dialogue: 0,1:00:48.00,1:03:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,use it for the Colorado potato beetle \Nif you have a big planning a
Dialogue: 0,1:03:31.00,0:55:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,potatoes.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:22.00,1:05:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We had the couple of acres,
Dialogue: 0,1:05:23.00,0:53:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there's no way to squash \Nall those bugs by hand.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:46.00,0:50:07.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What do you think.
Dialogue: 0,1:03:07.00,0:52:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know,
Dialogue: 0,0:52:38.00,1:00:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's that's a lot of work to manage \Na couple of caterer this you
Dialogue: 0,1:00:22.00,0:50:36.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,know we all need to be used as much \Norganic processors as possible
Dialogue: 0,1:01:06.00,0:53:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the classic thing was something like \Na couple of acres of potatoes
Dialogue: 0,1:03:20.00,0:50:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is to pay the kids.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:02.00,1:03:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It used to be a penny bugs and you'd \Nhave them go through the rows
Dialogue: 0,0:57:06.00,1:05:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then they dump out bugs in the \Naccount and then you pay them
Dialogue: 0,1:05:38.00,0:57:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that used to be the he to get rid \Nof the goods but Colorado potato
Dialogue: 0,1:00:02.00,1:04:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,beetle.
Dialogue: 0,1:02:53.00,1:04:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Could still work today if it gets \Na neighborhood kids going well
Dialogue: 0,1:05:16.00,1:00:27.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,last week.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:27.00,1:01:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You talked about not needing refrigeration \Nor freezers that we
Dialogue: 0,1:01:50.00,1:01:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,could just munch away through the \Nfresh food season but I have to
Dialogue: 0,1:02:43.00,0:54:24.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,admit,
Dialogue: 0,0:54:24.00,0:59:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there are times when we got so much \Nfood more that we could give
Dialogue: 0,0:59:17.00,0:51:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,away trade even that we needed to \Nfreeze some at least until we
Dialogue: 0,0:51:41.00,0:59:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,could catch up to our canning \Nand drying I like adding a
Dialogue: 0,0:59:54.00,0:52:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dehydration they don't depend \Non the grid staying up.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:47.00,1:04:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What about you.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:28.00,0:50:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I do too.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:59.00,1:04:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As I'm not a huge proponent of \Nthat and fermentation also as
Dialogue: 0,1:06:12.00,0:56:36.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,another as another method of food storage,
Dialogue: 0,0:56:36.00,0:57:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by the way at the homegrown food summit.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:28.00,0:59:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have one presentation by Kendra \NLynn who'll be showing you how
Dialogue: 0,0:59:22.00,1:04:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to do water about caning and how to \Ndo pressure canning and what I
Dialogue: 0,1:04:56.00,0:59:27.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,love about it is,
Dialogue: 0,0:59:27.00,1:02:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know,
Dialogue: 0,1:02:17.00,1:04:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as some people have a fear of those \Nbig pressure because they are
Dialogue: 0,1:04:50.00,1:05:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these big intimidating things and \Nthere's the stories of them
Dialogue: 0,1:05:23.00,1:06:24.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,blowing up and stuff,
Dialogue: 0,1:06:24.00,1:03:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,right.
Dialogue: 0,1:03:55.00,0:53:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's no longer a concern about \Nthey've built them there now
Dialogue: 0,0:55:18.00,1:05:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,face.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:58.00,1:06:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But when you see Kendra.
Dialogue: 0,1:06:29.00,0:57:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Who is this flight and beautiful \Nwoman just handling that
Dialogue: 0,0:57:43.00,1:03:07.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,machinery go I can do it and we also \Nhave already Hamann is going
Dialogue: 0,1:03:07.00,0:52:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to be doing a whole thing on how \Nto how to preserve food by
Dialogue: 0,0:52:21.00,0:52:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fermentation as well as the health \Nbenefits turns up at that
Dialogue: 0,0:52:45.00,0:52:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fermented foods really help your \Ngut bacteria and help you to
Dialogue: 0,0:54:49.00,1:02:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,digest a lot better.
Dialogue: 0,1:02:00.00,0:54:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So some of these techniques are actually \NI can help increase the
Dialogue: 0,0:54:44.00,1:00:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nutrition content of the \Nfood you're eating.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:37.00,1:00:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yeah warranties real gem we've \Nhad on radio shock and I still
Dialogue: 0,1:00:10.00,1:00:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,check out her blog once a week and \Nit's important to keep up with
Dialogue: 0,1:01:13.00,1:00:56.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that one of my goals is \Nto build a solar dryer.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:56.00,0:55:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Do you have one.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:07.00,0:51:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We do I used a model based on its \Nside believe it's Appalachian
Dialogue: 0,0:52:42.00,0:51:56.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,State University created this model \Nthere's there's lots of other
Dialogue: 0,0:51:56.00,1:05:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ones out there and it has worked really \Nreally well now we do tend
Dialogue: 0,1:05:09.00,0:59:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to be a bit drier here in Texas,
Dialogue: 0,0:59:11.00,1:02:24.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I found that that model even \Nworked well during the summer's
Dialogue: 0,0:53:25.00,0:54:39.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the times when we had a wet period \Nthat is definitely a technique
Dialogue: 0,0:54:39.00,0:53:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the poor on preserving \Nfood that's a very useful.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:22.00,1:01:15.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Farmers around here used to throw \Ntheir pitches up on a Hot Tin
Dialogue: 0,1:01:15.00,0:52:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Roof on one of their shepherds and \Nsolar dried them that way and
Dialogue: 0,0:52:19.00,1:06:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it did work.
Dialogue: 0,1:06:49.00,0:51:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now let me ask you do you let \Nchickens interior garden.
Dialogue: 0,1:02:43.00,1:03:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On rare occasions I do.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:56.00,0:59:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One example was one time my sweet \Npotato showed up with these
Dialogue: 0,1:02:39.00,1:00:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,strange looking little beetles \Nthat had a shiny.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:42.00,0:53:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was almost what by chrome shell.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:05.00,0:54:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have no idea what they were,
Dialogue: 0,0:54:16.00,0:54:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they were and alien Beatles.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:38.00,1:00:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know,
Dialogue: 0,1:00:28.00,1:08:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,normally when I see an insect \Noutbreak like that I think
Dialogue: 0,0:53:21.00,0:59:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,immediately that my plants are \Nstressed and they need some
Dialogue: 0,1:01:13.00,0:56:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nutrients you know some some some \Nsort of nutrient thing and I'll
Dialogue: 0,0:56:56.00,0:53:27.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,try to get them,
Dialogue: 0,0:53:27.00,0:58:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know,
Dialogue: 0,0:58:17.00,1:00:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,liquid seaweed or some homemade \Ncompost or something.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:50.00,1:06:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But in the short term immediate \Nwhat I do that.
Dialogue: 0,1:06:42.00,1:08:56.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The chickens in there and chickens \Nare naturally insect they love
Dialogue: 0,0:59:27.00,1:09:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,insects first but I watch them innocent \Nof their gun getting all
Dialogue: 0,0:52:51.00,0:57:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the insects then you wanna kick'em
Dialogue: 0,0:57:12.00,0:58:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,out of the garden because then they'll \Nstart scratching up the
Dialogue: 0,0:58:14.00,0:59:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rest of your pricing ads.
Dialogue: 0,1:02:45.00,0:55:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I do,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:16.00,0:53:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they will scratch about so aren't \Nthat after all your YouTube
Dialogue: 0,0:54:50.00,0:52:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,videos your best selling grow your \Nown groceries course that you
Dialogue: 0,0:53:54.00,0:52:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hear from gardeners all over the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:46.00,0:58:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Do you.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:46.00,1:04:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We don't know and we have a very \Nactive network of people they
Dialogue: 0,1:06:10.00,0:57:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,contribute.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:01.00,0:59:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Things that they're discovering \Nin there that that they're
Dialogue: 0,1:00:13.00,0:58:36.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,learning and we're very excited \Nabout that and want to develop
Dialogue: 0,1:00:16.00,1:05:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that further well actually creating \Nalso a network of places just
Dialogue: 0,1:05:50.00,0:59:03.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like our place where we're doing \Nresearch on different ways to
Dialogue: 0,0:59:03.00,1:03:46.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,grow food other places that are doing \Nthat are starting to become
Dialogue: 0,1:04:46.00,0:55:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,network together and sharing results \Nand making it available to
Dialogue: 0,0:55:40.00,1:06:24.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,them to everybody really I feel Alex \Nthis solution is gonna come
Dialogue: 0,1:07:14.00,0:54:27.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from you and for me and from,
Dialogue: 0,0:54:27.00,1:06:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know I mean anybody even hardly \Nan example Leslie Leslie
Dialogue: 0,1:06:10.00,1:02:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Parsons works still works full \Ntime and she only has a small
Dialogue: 0,1:02:44.00,1:00:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,garden.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:55.00,1:00:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She's very passionate about Squire \Nshould about 2 hundred square
Dialogue: 0,1:00:38.00,0:55:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,foot garden and so she's been doing \Nall these experiments were
Dialogue: 0,0:57:31.00,0:57:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,squash she's come up with a couple \Nof varieties that are resistant
Dialogue: 0,0:59:44.00,0:53:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the squash vine borer which is \Na horrible problem for people
Dialogue: 0,0:59:08.00,1:06:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and squash is such a good \Nimportant calorie crop.
Dialogue: 0,1:06:11.00,1:05:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So you know she's only doing this \Npart time in a 200ft² garden.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:25.00,1:00:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She has done really,
Dialogue: 0,1:00:37.00,1:10:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,really valuable research on of \Na crop that's resistant to the
Dialogue: 0,1:10:20.00,1:08:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,squash vine borer which is hugely \Nimportant to the rest of us
Dialogue: 0,0:58:04.00,1:08:27.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she's publishing that work on our \Nour blog and making it available
Dialogue: 0,1:08:27.00,1:03:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to other people and creating a \Nwhole discussion about it now.
Dialogue: 0,1:03:10.00,0:55:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Other people are trying it and duplicating \Nour work and getting
Dialogue: 0,0:57:13.00,1:06:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,feedback to her.
Dialogue: 0,1:06:54.00,1:05:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is how it's gonna happen.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:06.00,1:04:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Monsanto is not here to help us,
Dialogue: 0,1:04:08.00,1:01:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the USDA is not here to help us.
Dialogue: 0,1:01:50.00,0:54:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Unfortunately our own government.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:32.00,1:00:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,While it does try.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:13.00,1:04:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's actually still we we controlled \Nby the big companies.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:06.00,1:03:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is gonna be a problem that can \Nonly be solved by you and me
Dialogue: 0,1:03:59.00,1:04:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and by individuals and neighbors \Nworking together and that's the
Dialogue: 0,1:04:42.00,0:55:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whole reason for for what I do is \Nworking at this grassroots level
Dialogue: 0,1:01:27.00,0:55:51.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of coming up with real solutions \Nfor you to create your own food
Dialogue: 0,0:55:51.00,1:05:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and medicine.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:02.00,1:08:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What would you say the number one \Nconcern people razor or the
Dialogue: 0,0:54:36.00,0:55:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,block that prevents them in their \Nown minds from getting going on
Dialogue: 0,0:55:50.00,1:03:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,growing their own groceries.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:22.00,1:05:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think most people think that it's \Ngonna be a lot of work and
Dialogue: 0,1:05:55.00,1:00:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they're not going to get much \Nproduction out of it.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:08.00,0:58:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's also were also such an instant \Ngratification such high if it
Dialogue: 0,1:05:52.00,1:07:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,take my son can with barbed work \Non a guitar and look at the Xbox
Dialogue: 0,1:07:06.00,0:56:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and like in 5 minutes.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:28.00,1:00:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He's a rock star okay with with that \Nthen and I just doesn't have
Dialogue: 0,1:00:02.00,1:10:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,. And in the garden things take \N2 to 3 months to mature.
Dialogue: 0,1:10:05.00,0:55:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it's adjusting to life style that's \Nactually more human scale
Dialogue: 0,1:00:11.00,0:56:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is a pretty big block.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:13.00,0:56:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I would say though,
Dialogue: 0,0:56:14.00,0:57:07.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's probably one of the things \Nyou're most Hungarian for in
Dialogue: 0,0:57:07.00,1:07:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your life.
Dialogue: 0,0:59:48.00,0:57:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know it's strange a start following \Nyour heart into something
Dialogue: 0,0:57:01.00,1:01:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as you did with personal food growing \Nand I could also call that
Dialogue: 0,1:02:14.00,1:09:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,personal liberty,
Dialogue: 0,1:09:25.00,0:55:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then you teacher communicate you \Nconnect a normal suddenly you
Dialogue: 0,0:56:59.00,1:00:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Marjorie while Kraft have \Nbecome kind of a,
Dialogue: 0,1:00:41.00,0:55:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a one-woman movement on your own.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:43.00,1:08:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Isn't it strange.
Dialogue: 0,1:02:24.00,1:06:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is it,
Dialogue: 0,1:06:45.00,1:11:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's only a review as about this week.
Dialogue: 0,1:11:48.00,1:11:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,15 years ago our view to told me \Nwhat I will girl what I'd be
Dialogue: 0,0:55:42.00,1:11:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,doing Iacocca where have no no no,
Dialogue: 0,1:11:54.00,1:10:27.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or you know you know life \Nis amazing adventures a.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:20.00,1:09:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well,
Dialogue: 0,1:09:20.00,0:59:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I want to take your DVD course what's \Nin it and why does it cost.
Dialogue: 0,1:07:24.00,1:11:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well know said it's it's 2 DVDs \Nand then it includes a CD-ROM
Dialogue: 0,0:56:19.00,1:03:02.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's a whole library of documents \Nto support it and I,
Dialogue: 0,1:03:02.00,1:05:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one,
Dialogue: 0,1:05:42.00,1:08:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's basically like me taken you \Nby the hand and taking you
Dialogue: 0,1:09:45.00,1:03:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,through my homestead here and showing \Nyou how I grow food and I'm
Dialogue: 0,1:04:30.00,1:07:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like,
Dialogue: 0,1:07:50.00,1:00:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:21.00,1:02:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here's the water tanks were set \Nup to catch rainwater and oh by
Dialogue: 0,1:02:44.00,1:10:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the way we overbuilt it \Nit was a huge mistake.
Dialogue: 0,1:10:26.00,1:01:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Please don't make it this big and \Nthen he a place where we started
Dialogue: 0,1:02:50.00,1:08:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a garden and here's another place \Nwe started a garden and these
Dialogue: 0,1:08:52.00,1:04:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are the reasons why those gardens \Ntotally sucked in failed.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:35.00,0:57:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But here's where we put our other \Ngarden and this is working,
Dialogue: 0,0:57:29.00,1:03:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and here's the gardening method \Nthat years because this is the
Dialogue: 0,1:03:11.00,1:06:03.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,most efficient one and I've \Ntried all these other ones,
Dialogue: 0,1:06:03.00,1:10:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but this is the one that I really \Nlike and here's where I keep the
Dialogue: 0,1:10:16.00,1:08:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rabbits and I put them right here \Nnext to the garden because
Dialogue: 0,1:08:59.00,1:09:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,outweigh their fertility can help \Nme and it's real simple and easy
Dialogue: 0,1:09:12.00,1:02:43.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to do this.
Dialogue: 0,1:02:43.00,1:03:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This way,
Dialogue: 0,1:03:14.00,1:10:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and here's my flock of chickens \Nand here's the reason I have'em
Dialogue: 0,1:10:26.00,0:58:39.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like this and here's the dogs and oh,
Dialogue: 0,0:58:39.00,1:00:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,look at this is the size.
Dialogue: 0,1:01:50.00,1:08:04.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And you really need to keep this \Nout of the garden right and
Dialogue: 0,1:09:14.00,1:04:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,here's my orchard and all the \Nexperiments with the trees.
Dialogue: 0,1:04:17.00,1:11:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've done.
Dialogue: 0,1:11:37.00,1:04:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this is why these died in of lived in,
Dialogue: 0,1:04:10.00,1:06:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know I just take you and show \Nyou everything that I go through
Dialogue: 0,1:08:43.00,1:11:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ND and in even the maturing \Nprocess viewers how you,
Dialogue: 0,1:11:16.00,1:07:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but your rabbit and here's how you \Nbutchered chicken India is what
Dialogue: 0,1:08:10.00,1:10:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you do with all the parts \Nof those animals.
Dialogue: 0,1:10:52.00,1:00:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's it.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:33.00,0:58:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's really,
Dialogue: 0,0:58:34.00,1:07:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know to 2 videos that they chose \Nyou all those components and
Dialogue: 0,1:07:17.00,1:10:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then again that library \Nthe resource library.
Dialogue: 0,1:10:59.00,1:12:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So you know I talk about a rainwater \Ncollection system.
Dialogue: 0,1:12:01.00,1:04:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have a whole rainwater collection \Nsystem e-book in their own
Dialogue: 0,1:05:14.00,1:03:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how to how to build one.
Dialogue: 0,1:03:26.00,0:59:58.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I talk about you know butchering a rabbit.
Dialogue: 0,0:59:58.00,1:01:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then we have a whole article \Non how to channel rabbit hides
Dialogue: 0,1:02:02.00,1:01:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we'll be able to use those effectively \Nor you know we've got
Dialogue: 0,1:02:15.00,1:05:20.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,5 different PDF different ways to \Ncompost fertility so important.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:20.00,0:58:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that's what it's,
Dialogue: 0,0:58:22.00,1:10:22.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's all about,
Dialogue: 0,1:10:22.00,1:09:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's a grow your own groceries.com \Nand its$37
Dialogue: 0,1:10:55.00,1:07:19.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the 4th but I tell you what I'd \Nreally recommend you go to the
Dialogue: 0,1:07:19.00,1:07:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,home-grown food summit and watch \Nthat presentation I have on how
Dialogue: 0,1:07:23.00,1:10:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to grow half year on food in your \Nbackyard in less than an hour a
Dialogue: 0,1:10:06.00,1:07:27.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,day.
Dialogue: 0,1:07:27.00,1:00:51.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Take a look at that and say you know \Nthat'll really inspire you do
Dialogue: 0,1:01:31.00,1:01:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that you could do this,
Dialogue: 0,1:01:32.00,1:03:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can get their systems up and \Nrunning in about 6 months and be
Dialogue: 0,1:05:25.00,1:04:39.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,producing half your own food in \Nless than an hour a day by next
Dialogue: 0,1:04:39.00,1:08:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,year.
Dialogue: 0,1:02:00.00,1:12:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'd love to do it now Marjorie what \Nwill your next project be or
Dialogue: 0,1:00:44.00,1:04:05.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is it too soon to tell.
Dialogue: 0,1:14:35.00,1:09:16.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well,
Dialogue: 0,1:09:16.00,1:11:39.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we've got a lot of irons in the \Nfire and after this summit,
Dialogue: 0,1:11:39.00,1:11:42.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we're going to look at what \Nwill have the most impact,
Dialogue: 0,1:11:42.00,1:02:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to be able to have more home-grown \Nfood on every table,
Dialogue: 0,1:02:37.00,1:02:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we're looking at doing some stuff \Nin partnership with Mike Adams
Dialogue: 0,1:02:50.00,1:09:33.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the natural news and possibly \Nworking on some developing some
Dialogue: 0,1:11:13.00,1:08:56.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,programs to get local food into schools.
Dialogue: 0,1:08:56.00,1:10:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've got a whole,
Dialogue: 0,1:10:37.00,1:07:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know I don't also developing \Nthat network of research
Dialogue: 0,1:12:40.00,1:05:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,organizations.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:12.00,1:04:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's a lot on the table,
Dialogue: 0,1:04:23.00,1:08:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we haven't yet figured that out.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:45.00,1:07:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've been talking with Marjorie \Nwhile craft of grow your own
Dialogue: 0,1:07:47.00,1:10:31.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,groceries.com her DVD Guide to Growing \Nin your own backyard is a
Dialogue: 0,0:59:02.00,1:07:52.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bestseller,
Dialogue: 0,1:07:52.00,1:14:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,her free YouTube videos and growing \Nyour own food a really popular
Dialogue: 0,1:02:36.00,1:00:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and Marjorie recently organized \Nthe biggest online summit
Dialogue: 0,1:02:39.00,1:14:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dedicated to growing homegrown food \NI'll be putting links to all
Dialogue: 0,1:14:12.00,1:08:36.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of that in my shell blog equal \Nshot.info Marjorie.
Dialogue: 0,1:08:36.00,1:05:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you so much for helping all of us.
Dialogue: 0,1:03:49.00,1:09:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Alex.
Dialogue: 0,1:09:29.00,1:09:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thanks for having they are.
Dialogue: 0,1:09:50.00,1:10:21.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I really appreciate it.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:52.00,1:14:14.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm Alex Smith reporting \Nfor Radio Eco Shah.
Dialogue: 0,1:11:18.00,1:13:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm dropping my own garden right \Nnow with raised beds,
Dialogue: 0,1:13:01.00,1:12:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a better compost bin nets for the \Nraspberries and 80 inches of
Dialogue: 0,1:12:25.00,1:00:57.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mulch all around.
Dialogue: 0,1:00:57.00,1:05:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Find all our past programs as MP3 \Ndownloads at our website eco
Dialogue: 0,1:05:11.00,1:09:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,shark.org.
Dialogue: 0,1:09:12.00,0:59:36.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Don't forget to follow up on links \Nfor this week show in my weekly
Dialogue: 0,0:59:36.00,1:09:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,blog published Wednesday that it shock.info \Nor listen to the sound
Dialogue: 0,1:09:50.00,1:02:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,card page had sown cloud.com/Radio \NEco shock.
Dialogue: 0,1:02:45.00,1:05:26.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm a locksmith.
Dialogue: 0,1:05:26.00,1:12:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you for listening and I hope \Nwe will get together again next