WEBVTT

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The French working class
won't politically unite

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nor go to the barricades

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just for a 12% rise in wages.

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In the foreseeable future,
there will be

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no capitalist crisis great enough

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for the workers to fight
for their vital interests

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by a general revolutionary strike

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or an armed revolt.

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Moreover, the bourgeoisie will never
give up power without a fight

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forced on them
by the revolutionary masses.

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So the main problem
for socialist tactics

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is how to create the objective
and subjective conditions

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which make a mass
revolutionary action possible

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and which render the use of force
against the bourgeoisie feasible.

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THE

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What is a word?

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A word is what's unsaid.

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And you?

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Me?

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Both sides against the other.

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Me.

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No, you,

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who tries to tame
the unforgettable

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that might surprise us.

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Myself now.

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The you of excuses and rejections.

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And us now?

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We are the words of others.

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WE SHOULD REPLACE VAGUE IDEAS
WITH CLEAR IMAGES

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They know?

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No.

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Are they gone long?

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All summer.

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What do the parents do?

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They own factories or something.

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But Veronique is a close friend?

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I don't think so.

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Still, it's nice of them.

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Liberalism in militant groups

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based on collectivism
is very harmful.

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Liberalism
deprives the revolution

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of solid organisation
and strict discipline.

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This is Radio Peking.

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During last June and July,

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when the Red Guard appeared,

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Mao was aware
of their vast vitality

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and gave them his warm support.

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In a very short time,

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Red Guards
were created in schools,

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in many factories

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and throughout the country.

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They became an army
for the Cultural Revolution.

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THE IMPERIALISTS

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God, why have you forsaken me?

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Because I don't exist.

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This is Radio Peking.

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The cell needs a name.

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Remember Paul Nizan?

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The conspirator.

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He wrote a novel, Aden Arabia.

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Cell Aden Arabia.

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Right.

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A MINORITY WITH THE RlGHT IDEAS
lS NOT A MINORITY

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- He was beaten.
- By whom?

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- I値l get some water.
- By whom?

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A commando.

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Hurt? Was it fascists?

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No, Communists.

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Now, right away, where?

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The meeting
on the Cultural Revolution.

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The Sorbonne Marxist-Leninist group?

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I told you they were disgusting.

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An enemy attack is a good thing.

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It proves we've made
a clear distinction to separate us.

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A FlLM IN THE MAKING

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In her eyes are fear
and innocence...

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humility.

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Not of a servant,
but a friend and a woman,

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with a wide and precise mouth,

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not persuasive but loyal.

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A kind forehead
willingly bending in silence.

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In all that,

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agreement can only be guessed.

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Not in pain or success...

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as if from a scattered past,
something serious appeared.

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An actor?

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It's hard to say.

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Yes, yes, I知 an actor.

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I値l show you something.
It's an idea of what theatre is.

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Young Chinese students
demonstrated in Moscow

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and of course the Russian police
beat them up.

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The next day, in protest,

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the Chinese met in front of
their embassy

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with all the Western reporters.

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Guys from Life,
France Soir and so on.

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And a student came up,

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his face covered with bandages

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and started yelling.

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Look what they did to me.

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Look what
the dirty revisionists did.

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So the reporters rushed over

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and began taking photos

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as he removed the bandages.

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They expected a cut face,

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covered with blood or something.

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And he carefully removed
his bandages

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as they took pictures.

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When they were all off,

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they realised his face was alright.

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So the reporters began yelling,

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This Chinaman's a fake.

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He's a clown, what is this?

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But they hadn't understood.

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They didn't realise it was theatre.

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Real theatre.

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Reflection on reality.

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I mean,

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like Brecht or Shakespeare.

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UNION: COMMUNIST YOUTH
(MARXIST-LENINIST)

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We must be different
from our parents.

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My father fought the Germans
hard in the war.

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Now he runs
a Club Med resort.

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A big holiday camp by the sea.

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What's terrible is

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he doesn't realise
that it's made exactly

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along the lines
of the concentration camps.

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A socialist theatre?

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No, I don't know.

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I知 looking.

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Yes, yes... Mao's ideas can help me.

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In any case, you need sincerity
and violence.

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You're getting a kick out of this.

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Like I知 joking for the film,

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because of all the technicians here.

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But that's not it.

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It's not because of a camera.

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I知 sincere.

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Yes... in China,

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the leaps forward

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by the Peking Opera were wonderful.

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And in Europe, in France?

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In Milan, Strehler does good work.

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Yes, he has...

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There's a great Althusser text
about a Brecht play...

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..and I致e made it mine.

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I turn around...

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And suddenly the question is...

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..are the words I致e just said,
so awkwardly and blindly...

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..part of a greater play
continuing through me...

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..a worker in the world theatre.

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The sense incomplete...

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..looking through and with me...

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all the actors and settings

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of the silent oration.

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That's why I知 speaking.

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Yes, that's why.

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Cut, fine. Take five.

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Go ahead.

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I値l go with Serge.

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Don't I get a kiss?

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You said we'd go see 8 1/2.

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Bye.

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It's disgusting.

00:10:04.280 --> 00:10:07.192
He always goes if I want him to stay.

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It's a starting point.

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Politics are

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the starting point
of practical revolutionary action.

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I don't get it.

00:10:23.400 --> 00:10:24.958
You're too much.

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I don't understand.

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Now listen carefully, Yvonne,
it's easy.

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All revolutionary party action
is applied policy.

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If it's the wrong policy,

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it's the wrong politics.

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If you're unaware, you're blind.

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Why are you doing dishes,
for example?

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To clean them.

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Then you've understood.

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So 1967 France is like dirty dishes.

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Yeah.

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On a farm

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near Grenoble.

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It's a small village.

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5am in summer, 7 am in winter.

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Light the fire,
then go to the dairy.

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My brother's meal, then the pigs,
clean the stable.

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Lunch, the dishes,
washing, the mending.

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Usually had no time to mend.

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In the afternoon,
gather the eggs, then dinner.

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Then feed the calves.

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Light the lights in the hen-house.

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Then make yoghurt.

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Neocapitalist society
won't look at its own face...

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I arrived in Paris in 1960.
No, '65...

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Yes... sorry, in '64.

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Cleaning lady for three years.

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It's nice here on the top floor.

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It's well lit, airy.

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You know I worked at Passy before.

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Then at Auteuil
in those big bourgeois flats

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on the first floor.

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It's always so dark.

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I had to sweep in the dark.

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Already the metro was dark.

00:12:32.160 --> 00:12:33.991
So I went from dark to darkness.

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Always black.

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Then back into the dark metro
after work.

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Whereas here they talk and discuss.

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It's very clear for me.

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I used to talk while milking cows -

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mostly with strangers.

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In the country
women are pretty lost.

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Yes, I did some prostitution.

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Nearly a year...

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over by Stalingrad where I lived,

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and then on the Champs Elysees

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after I壇 bought a car
with my money.

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A Fiat 850 convertible.

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When money's short, I still do it.

00:13:31.320 --> 00:13:35.791
When Henri can't sell
Red Guard for example,

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or when Veronique
can't find work teaching.

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I know it's a contradiction.

00:13:42.840 --> 00:13:44.398
Besides, Henri...

00:13:51.520 --> 00:13:53.192
..says I知 living proof

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of the answer
to the people's contradictions.

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I don't trust the Russians so much.

00:14:04.800 --> 00:14:07.473
When we screamed ''US killers'',

00:14:07.680 --> 00:14:09.989
all they could answer was,

00:14:10.200 --> 00:14:11.918
Red Guard killers.

00:14:12.120 --> 00:14:14.475
So I distrust them.

00:14:16.840 --> 00:14:18.671
Marxism-Leninism?

00:14:20.120 --> 00:14:21.519
Definitions.

00:14:24.320 --> 00:14:27.437
When the sun sets, it's all red.

00:14:27.680 --> 00:14:29.079
Then it disappears.

00:14:29.280 --> 00:14:33.671
But in my heart the sun never sets.

00:14:34.640 --> 00:14:37.757
Dictatorship is needed
to stop thieves,

00:14:37.960 --> 00:14:40.269
crooks, killers,

00:14:40.480 --> 00:14:43.278
pyromaniacs, gangs

00:14:43.480 --> 00:14:47.871
and all other evil minds
that upset public order.

00:14:52.280 --> 00:14:55.829
A Communist is frank,
open-minded, devoted,

00:14:56.040 --> 00:14:59.157
putting the revolution
before his life,

00:14:59.360 --> 00:15:01.669
above any personal interests.

00:15:01.880 --> 00:15:04.758
He must always hold
to just principles

00:15:04.960 --> 00:15:08.032
and fight any wrong ideas
or actions

00:15:08.240 --> 00:15:10.879
so as to help
the collective Party life

00:15:11.080 --> 00:15:13.469
reinforcing ties with the masses.

00:15:13.680 --> 00:15:17.355
He will think more
of the Party than the individual.

00:15:17.560 --> 00:15:20.074
He'll care for others
more than himself.

00:15:20.280 --> 00:15:22.919
Then he'll deserve
the name 'Communist'.

00:15:23.120 --> 00:15:27.511
A Communist must always
ask himself why

00:15:27.720 --> 00:15:29.278
and think carefully

00:15:29.480 --> 00:15:33.473
to see if everything
conforms to reality.

00:15:35.680 --> 00:15:39.116
A Communist is never infallible,

00:15:39.320 --> 00:15:41.038
should never be arrogant

00:15:41.240 --> 00:15:44.550
and never think things
are OK only at home.

00:15:55.360 --> 00:15:57.078
The history of mankind

00:15:57.280 --> 00:16:00.033
is a continual progress
from necessity

00:16:00.240 --> 00:16:02.276
to the reign of liberty.

00:16:02.480 --> 00:16:04.914
What's for Monday?

00:16:05.560 --> 00:16:07.312
Crime and politics.

00:16:10.760 --> 00:16:13.399
THE IMPERIALISTS ARE STlLL

00:16:14.240 --> 00:16:19.758
The student revolutionary movement
has grown.

00:16:20.280 --> 00:16:23.078
The white-collar
revolutionary struggle

00:16:23.280 --> 00:16:27.273
has spread among the workers
and peasants.

00:16:27.480 --> 00:16:28.993
This is Radio Peking.

00:16:29.200 --> 00:16:32.909
Comrades, that is the latest
news bulletin.

00:16:41.240 --> 00:16:43.708
- This is Omar.
- Louder.

00:16:43.920 --> 00:16:48.072
This is Omar, a comrade
in philosophy at Nanterre.

00:16:49.560 --> 00:16:50.879
That's enough.

00:16:52.320 --> 00:16:54.072
Comrades and friends...

00:16:55.240 --> 00:16:58.755
In addition
to his crimes and faults,

00:16:58.960 --> 00:17:01.520
those who blame Stalin...

00:17:03.840 --> 00:17:05.990
..for all our deceptions,

00:17:06.200 --> 00:17:10.398
our mistakes and despair
in any sphere.

00:17:10.600 --> 00:17:13.672
They might be very upset

00:17:13.880 --> 00:17:17.395
to realise the end
of intellectual totalitarianism.

00:17:17.600 --> 00:17:19.636
- That's dogmatism.
- If you like.

00:17:19.840 --> 00:17:22.195
The end of intellectual dogmatism

00:17:22.400 --> 00:17:24.391
hasn't given us Marxism

00:17:24.640 --> 00:17:26.551
in its complete form.

00:17:26.760 --> 00:17:29.433
After all, we can only liberate

00:17:29.640 --> 00:17:32.950
what already exists,
even from dogmatism.

00:17:33.160 --> 00:17:38.029
Stalin's death meant
freedom for research

00:17:38.240 --> 00:17:43.678
and a fever of people rushing
to philosophise

00:17:43.880 --> 00:17:47.668
about their feelings
on liberation

00:17:47.880 --> 00:17:49.916
and their taste for freedom.

00:17:56.680 --> 00:17:58.398
Stalin's death gave us

00:17:58.640 --> 00:18:02.952
the right to count exactly
what we own.

00:18:03.160 --> 00:18:05.833
To call both wealth
and nakedness...

00:18:06.040 --> 00:18:07.439
by their real names,

00:18:07.640 --> 00:18:10.438
to think and talk aloud
about our problems

00:18:11.320 --> 00:18:14.676
and to undertake serious research.

00:18:14.880 --> 00:18:17.314
Stalin's death allowed us

00:18:17.560 --> 00:18:21.030
to get partially away
from our provincial theories.

00:18:21.680 --> 00:18:26.674
To recognise and know the existence
of others aside from us

00:18:26.880 --> 00:18:31.510
and seeing this exterior,
begin to see ourselves better.

00:18:31.720 --> 00:18:34.792
To know the place we occupy
in the knowledge

00:18:35.000 --> 00:18:36.672
and ignorance of Marxism

00:18:36.880 --> 00:18:40.270
and then begin to know ourselves.

00:18:43.200 --> 00:18:48.274
Today's task is simply to define,

00:18:48.480 --> 00:18:51.040
to face these problems
in light of day

00:18:51.240 --> 00:18:53.834
if we want to give some existence

00:18:54.040 --> 00:18:57.999
and consistency
to Marxist philosophy.

00:18:58.640 --> 00:19:00.471
Any questions?

00:19:01.120 --> 00:19:03.634
Can a non-socialist revolution

00:19:03.840 --> 00:19:07.958
peacefully be changed
into a socialist one?

00:19:08.160 --> 00:19:10.799
Yes, under specific conditions.

00:19:11.440 --> 00:19:13.112
But never can

00:19:13.320 --> 00:19:16.630
an absence of revolution
be changed to revolution,

00:19:16.840 --> 00:19:20.913
nor into a socialist revolution,
and even to socialism.

00:19:21.120 --> 00:19:23.759
No matter how you look at it,

00:19:23.960 --> 00:19:28.431
the road to socialism
leads to revolution.

00:19:28.640 --> 00:19:32.394
But your question reveals
a false underlying notion.

00:19:34.120 --> 00:19:36.076
Where do just ideas arise?

00:19:36.800 --> 00:19:39.155
Where do just ideas come from?

00:19:41.440 --> 00:19:42.475
Out of the sky.

00:19:43.960 --> 00:19:49.034
No, they come
from social interaction, and...

00:19:49.240 --> 00:19:50.468
The fight to produce?

00:19:50.720 --> 00:19:51.835
Yes, and then...

00:19:57.200 --> 00:19:59.555
From scientific research.

00:20:00.160 --> 00:20:03.072
Yes, and what else?

00:20:04.720 --> 00:20:07.314
From the class struggle.

00:20:07.520 --> 00:20:11.399
Some classes are victorious,
others defeated.

00:20:11.600 --> 00:20:13.591
That's history.

00:20:13.800 --> 00:20:17.076
The history of all civilizations.

00:20:17.720 --> 00:20:20.917
Will it end
under proletarian dictatorship?

00:20:21.120 --> 00:20:25.432
In his speech
to the transport workers

00:20:25.680 --> 00:20:27.716
on March 29th, 1921 ,

00:20:27.960 --> 00:20:29.951
Lenin showed

00:20:30.200 --> 00:20:34.512
class struggle doesn't disappear
under proletarian dictatorship.

00:20:34.720 --> 00:20:37.314
It takes on other forms.

00:20:37.920 --> 00:20:43.278
As it's happening in Russia today.

00:20:43.480 --> 00:20:48.759
Yes, in spite of the lies
of the duo, Brezhnev - Kosygin.

00:20:50.160 --> 00:20:53.311
Give up illusions
and prepare to fight.

00:20:53.520 --> 00:20:56.273
This world is as much yours as ours.

00:20:56.480 --> 00:20:58.277
Hope lies with you.

00:20:58.480 --> 00:21:00.675
To work is to fight

00:21:00.880 --> 00:21:05.396
and you must seek truth
in the facts.

00:21:05.600 --> 00:21:07.875
But exactly what is a fact?

00:21:08.880 --> 00:21:11.872
Facts are things and phenomena

00:21:12.080 --> 00:21:15.277
as they exist objectively.

00:21:15.480 --> 00:21:19.029
Truth is the link between things
and phenomena.

00:21:19.240 --> 00:21:21.276
Which is to say the laws.

00:21:21.480 --> 00:21:23.710
To seek is to study.

00:21:23.920 --> 00:21:24.909
We must begin

00:21:25.160 --> 00:21:28.072
with the internal
and external situation

00:21:28.320 --> 00:21:31.596
going from country to country.

00:21:31.840 --> 00:21:36.231
Sort out the laws that apply
to serve as guides

00:21:36.440 --> 00:21:39.876
and not use our imaginations.

00:21:41.280 --> 00:21:44.636
Which is to say find
the internal ties in events

00:21:44.840 --> 00:21:46.068
occurring around us.

00:21:46.320 --> 00:21:48.788
What made me discover Marxism?

00:21:49.040 --> 00:21:50.871
At first Nanterre bored me,

00:21:51.080 --> 00:21:53.594
because it was surrounded by slums.

00:21:53.800 --> 00:21:55.279
Then little by little,

00:21:55.480 --> 00:21:59.155
I found philosophy suited
a worker's suburb.

00:22:07.240 --> 00:22:10.676
We and the workers lived
like penned rabbits.

00:22:10.880 --> 00:22:12.871
But rabbits multiply.

00:22:14.320 --> 00:22:17.312
And in the mornings
I met the Algerian children

00:22:17.520 --> 00:22:19.476
and the mechanics from Simca.

00:22:23.560 --> 00:22:25.312
Right, so...

00:22:25.520 --> 00:22:27.636
I thought I passed them by,

00:22:27.840 --> 00:22:30.149
but we stopped in the same cafes.

00:22:30.360 --> 00:22:32.271
We were at the station together,

00:22:32.480 --> 00:22:35.233
had the same rain
and nearly the same work.

00:22:38.120 --> 00:22:40.475
That's where I understood

00:22:40.680 --> 00:22:43.672
the three basic inequalities
of capitalism

00:22:43.880 --> 00:22:46.872
and especially
of the Gaullist regime in France.

00:22:47.840 --> 00:22:52.072
No difference in intellectual
and manual work

00:22:52.280 --> 00:22:54.077
between town and country.

00:22:54.280 --> 00:22:57.875
I see those here all the time.

00:22:58.080 --> 00:23:00.514
Third, between farming and industry.

00:23:00.720 --> 00:23:05.589
That also pushed me
to study Marxism-Leninism.

00:23:06.400 --> 00:23:08.675
Seriously, if I were brave,

00:23:08.880 --> 00:23:12.873
I壇 dynamite the Sorbonne,
the Louvre, the Comedie Francaise.

00:23:13.080 --> 00:23:13.830
Really?

00:23:18.720 --> 00:23:20.870
The revolution's no party.

00:23:21.080 --> 00:23:24.117
It's not made like a work of art.

00:23:24.320 --> 00:23:28.393
It can't be done
with elegance and peace of mind,

00:23:28.600 --> 00:23:31.239
with such tenderness and manners

00:23:31.440 --> 00:23:33.510
with reserve and generosity.

00:23:33.720 --> 00:23:36.280
Revolution is a violent uprising

00:23:36.480 --> 00:23:39.153
when one class overthrows another.

00:23:39.400 --> 00:23:40.879
I知 in the philosophy class.

00:23:51.480 --> 00:23:53.675
I know I知 cut off from the workers.

00:23:54.280 --> 00:23:56.555
After all, my family are bankers.

00:23:56.760 --> 00:23:58.478
I致e always lived with them.

00:24:01.000 --> 00:24:02.797
None of that's very clear.

00:24:03.000 --> 00:24:06.675
That's exactly why
I keep on studying...

00:24:09.600 --> 00:24:13.275
..to understand first
and then to change,

00:24:13.480 --> 00:24:16.199
and then formulate a theory.

00:24:23.480 --> 00:24:25.789
For myself, for example.

00:24:27.960 --> 00:24:31.270
Not based on misery,
but prosperity.

00:24:32.280 --> 00:24:34.271
Since I often profit from it.

00:24:35.560 --> 00:24:37.710
Even if I am ashamed of it.

00:24:37.920 --> 00:24:42.038
You often hear ''a quick retort'',
what does that mean?

00:24:42.240 --> 00:24:43.514
Quick retort?

00:24:46.120 --> 00:24:49.078
For us it's to first eliminate exams.

00:24:50.920 --> 00:24:53.718
Since we learn nothing
and can't copy

00:24:53.920 --> 00:24:55.592
and it's a kind of racism,

00:24:55.800 --> 00:24:59.076
since they're
for full-time students

00:24:59.280 --> 00:25:03.114
and create anxiety
and sexual frustration.

00:25:04.840 --> 00:25:07.354
Should books be burned?

00:25:08.840 --> 00:25:10.717
No, they shouldn't.

00:25:10.960 --> 00:25:12.871
We couldn't criticize them then.

00:25:13.640 --> 00:25:15.596
And youth all aflame
holds nothing back.

00:25:15.800 --> 00:25:18.234
Hate, love, sorrow, happiness.

00:25:18.440 --> 00:25:20.795
It is ready to pour out its heart.

00:25:21.000 --> 00:25:23.878
In love like an invalid,
Oneguine...

00:25:25.440 --> 00:25:27.635
With a serious look, Oneguine

00:25:27.840 --> 00:25:30.195
listened to the poet's heart

00:25:30.400 --> 00:25:33.517
reveal its guileless awareness.

00:25:51.320 --> 00:25:52.719
I want to be blind.

00:25:53.920 --> 00:25:54.955
Why?

00:25:56.040 --> 00:25:59.715
To speak to each other better;
we'd listen carefully.

00:26:00.840 --> 00:26:02.319
Yes, how?

00:26:03.000 --> 00:26:05.355
We'd use language differently.

00:26:07.120 --> 00:26:10.669
Don't forget in 2,000 years
words have changed meaning.

00:26:11.520 --> 00:26:12.589
So?

00:26:14.520 --> 00:26:18.115
So, we'd talk seriously
to each other.

00:26:18.320 --> 00:26:19.639
Which means

00:26:20.560 --> 00:26:23.120
finally meanings would change words.

00:26:25.920 --> 00:26:27.399
Right.

00:26:28.120 --> 00:26:31.078
Talk as if words were
sounds and matter.

00:26:33.080 --> 00:26:34.069
That's...

00:26:35.400 --> 00:26:37.470
..what they are.

00:26:38.800 --> 00:26:39.949
Veronique.

00:26:41.640 --> 00:26:43.517
Right, let's try then.

00:26:46.000 --> 00:26:47.672
On the river bank.

00:26:49.400 --> 00:26:51.277
Green and blue.

00:26:52.200 --> 00:26:53.394
Tenderness.

00:26:55.280 --> 00:26:56.872
A bit of despair.

00:26:57.520 --> 00:26:58.873
After tomorrow.

00:26:59.080 --> 00:27:00.308
Maybe.

00:27:02.320 --> 00:27:03.912
Literary theory.

00:27:05.120 --> 00:27:06.872
A film by Nicolas.

00:27:08.320 --> 00:27:09.469
Ray.

00:27:10.000 --> 00:27:11.797
The Moscow

00:27:12.000 --> 00:27:13.513
trials.

00:27:15.760 --> 00:27:17.318
Red bird.

00:27:17.520 --> 00:27:18.396
Rock...

00:27:21.240 --> 00:27:22.559
..and roll.

00:27:23.360 --> 00:27:24.634
Et cetera.

00:27:30.960 --> 00:27:32.518
You know I love you.

00:28:48.720 --> 00:28:50.233
The...

00:28:50.440 --> 00:28:51.839
theoretical...

00:28:52.600 --> 00:28:53.953
base...

00:28:54.600 --> 00:28:55.874
which...

00:28:56.560 --> 00:28:57.879
serves...

00:28:58.480 --> 00:28:59.833
as...

00:29:00.040 --> 00:29:01.155
a guide...

00:29:01.360 --> 00:29:02.475
in...

00:29:02.680 --> 00:29:03.874
our...

00:29:04.080 --> 00:29:05.479
thinking...

00:29:05.680 --> 00:29:06.635
is...

00:29:06.840 --> 00:29:07.909
Marxism...

00:29:08.120 --> 00:29:09.473
Leninism.

00:29:13.280 --> 00:29:15.953
THE IMPERIALISTS ARE STlLL ALlVE

00:29:22.680 --> 00:29:24.318
Comrades and friends.

00:29:24.520 --> 00:29:26.033
Today is current events.

00:29:26.240 --> 00:29:28.879
We see them daily at the movies.

00:29:29.080 --> 00:29:33.596
There's a false idea
about current events at the movies.

00:29:34.640 --> 00:29:37.279
They say Lumiere
invented current events.

00:29:38.680 --> 00:29:40.432
He made documentaries.

00:29:40.640 --> 00:29:42.631
But there was also Melies,

00:29:42.840 --> 00:29:45.070
who made fiction.

00:29:45.280 --> 00:29:47.874
He was a dreamer filming fantasies.

00:29:48.080 --> 00:29:49.752
I think just the opposite.

00:29:49.960 --> 00:29:51.313
Prove it.

00:29:52.480 --> 00:29:55.199
Two days ago
I saw a film by Mr Langlois,

00:29:55.400 --> 00:29:58.437
the director of the Cinematheque,
about Lumiere.

00:29:58.640 --> 00:30:01.791
It proves Lumiere was a painter.

00:30:02.760 --> 00:30:05.433
He filmed the same things

00:30:05.640 --> 00:30:09.110
painters were painting at that time,

00:30:09.320 --> 00:30:11.117
men like Charo, Manet or Renoir.

00:30:11.520 --> 00:30:12.555
What did he film?

00:30:12.760 --> 00:30:15.228
He filmed train stations.

00:30:15.440 --> 00:30:17.829
He filmed public gardens,

00:30:18.040 --> 00:30:19.519
workers going home,

00:30:19.720 --> 00:30:20.994
men playing cards.

00:30:21.200 --> 00:30:22.189
He filmed trams.

00:30:22.400 --> 00:30:25.119
One of the last great
lmpressionists?

00:30:25.320 --> 00:30:28.312
Exactly, a contemporary of Proust.

00:30:28.520 --> 00:30:30.715
So Melies did the same thing.

00:30:30.920 --> 00:30:33.878
No, what was Melies doing
at that time?

00:30:34.080 --> 00:30:36.389
He filmed a trip to the moon.

00:30:36.600 --> 00:30:40.639
Melies filmed

00:30:40.840 --> 00:30:44.230
the King of Yugoslavia's visit
to President Fallieres.

00:30:44.440 --> 00:30:45.953
And now in perspective,

00:30:46.160 --> 00:30:49.277
we realise
those were the current events.

00:30:49.480 --> 00:30:51.311
No kidding, it's true.

00:30:52.040 --> 00:30:56.556
He made current events.
They were re-enacted, alright.

00:30:56.760 --> 00:30:58.671
Yet they were the real events.

00:30:58.880 --> 00:31:01.314
I壇 even say
Melies was like Brecht.

00:31:02.360 --> 00:31:04.157
We mustn't forget that.

00:31:04.360 --> 00:31:06.112
And why mustn't we?

00:31:06.320 --> 00:31:07.878
Why mustn't we?

00:31:10.800 --> 00:31:12.279
So why?

00:31:13.440 --> 00:31:14.668
Why?

00:31:16.680 --> 00:31:20.559
Because an analysis
of a specific situation,

00:31:20.760 --> 00:31:23.433
as Lenin says, is the essential...

00:31:23.640 --> 00:31:24.390
An analysis?

00:31:24.600 --> 00:31:26.192
..the soul of Marxism.

00:31:26.400 --> 00:31:27.515
What's analysis?

00:31:28.640 --> 00:31:31.393
It's seeing
the inherent contradictions...

00:31:31.600 --> 00:31:33.636
OK, but why analysis?

00:31:33.840 --> 00:31:34.875
Because

00:31:35.080 --> 00:31:39.790
things are complicated
by determining factors.

00:31:40.000 --> 00:31:43.037
Yes, Marx, Engels, Lenin and Stalin

00:31:43.240 --> 00:31:46.073
teach us to carefully study
the situation

00:31:46.840 --> 00:31:49.400
very conscientiously.

00:31:49.600 --> 00:31:53.479
Starting from objective reality,

00:31:54.120 --> 00:31:56.680
not from our subjective desires.

00:31:57.640 --> 00:31:58.470
Right?

00:31:58.680 --> 00:32:00.079
OK, exactly.

00:32:00.280 --> 00:32:01.872
Especially in the news.

00:32:02.080 --> 00:32:04.640
We must examine
the different aspects,

00:32:04.840 --> 00:32:06.353
not just one.

00:32:09.480 --> 00:32:12.552
Enough theory; now a problem.

00:32:14.240 --> 00:32:16.674
Which one do you want?

00:32:17.360 --> 00:32:18.349
War.

00:32:18.560 --> 00:32:19.515
Asia.

00:32:19.720 --> 00:32:23.474
The war in Asia, Vietnam, then.

00:32:23.680 --> 00:32:25.875
Who are the actors?

00:32:26.080 --> 00:32:27.035
The Americans.

00:32:27.240 --> 00:32:28.355
The Americans...

00:32:29.920 --> 00:32:34.675
..who've dropped more bombs
on a tiny country

00:32:35.360 --> 00:32:38.875
than during the World War
and are wrong in their doctrine,

00:32:39.080 --> 00:32:40.593
Asia for the Americans.

00:32:40.840 --> 00:32:41.909
The Russians.

00:32:42.120 --> 00:32:46.033
The Russians are a bit cowardly
as they go,

00:32:46.240 --> 00:32:48.071
Do as I say, not as I do.

00:32:49.120 --> 00:32:50.189
The Chinese.

00:32:50.400 --> 00:32:52.152
Oh yes... the Chinese...

00:32:52.360 --> 00:32:54.669
The Chinese who apply Mao's ideas.

00:32:57.560 --> 00:33:01.189
Reactionaries are paper tigers.

00:33:01.400 --> 00:33:03.391
They appear ferocious.

00:33:03.600 --> 00:33:06.353
But they're not really so powerful.

00:33:06.720 --> 00:33:08.676
At the Moscow conference

00:33:08.880 --> 00:33:12.270
of Communist workers
on November 18th, 1957:

00:33:12.800 --> 00:33:16.270
Strategically
we must scorn the enemy

00:33:16.480 --> 00:33:19.836
but tactically weigh him carefully.

00:33:23.480 --> 00:33:26.233
Then there are the others,
the on-lookers,

00:33:27.160 --> 00:33:29.879
the indifferent, the lazy,
people like...

00:33:30.080 --> 00:33:31.195
like the French...

00:33:33.440 --> 00:33:34.634
..or the English.

00:33:38.080 --> 00:33:40.355
Isn't Vietnam an actor?

00:33:40.560 --> 00:33:41.629
Yes, Vietnam.

00:33:47.720 --> 00:33:49.472
Help, help.

00:33:50.480 --> 00:33:53.756
First a few facts,
as truth lies there.

00:34:03.080 --> 00:34:04.069
The NLF will win.

00:34:04.760 --> 00:34:06.159
The NLF will win.

00:34:22.920 --> 00:34:24.194
In short.

00:34:24.400 --> 00:34:26.994
The liberation army
in Ta Kien province

00:34:27.200 --> 00:34:30.556
has killed and captured
10 of the 300 puppet soldiers.

00:34:30.760 --> 00:34:32.512
Radio Peking...

00:34:32.760 --> 00:34:36.070
In brief, Johnson's fighting
Communism in Vietnam.

00:34:37.000 --> 00:34:39.275
OK, right.

00:34:39.480 --> 00:34:42.950
That proves there are
two kinds of Communism,

00:34:43.160 --> 00:34:46.675
since in Europe
he's not fighting it at all.

00:34:46.880 --> 00:34:49.474
On the contrary,
he signs agreements with Moscow.

00:34:50.360 --> 00:34:53.193
He invites Hungarian swimmers
to Los Angeles.

00:34:53.720 --> 00:34:56.359
He invites Czech violinists

00:34:56.560 --> 00:34:59.358
to play with the Boston Symphony.

00:34:59.560 --> 00:35:02.154
He builds factories
in Romania, in Poland,

00:35:02.360 --> 00:35:04.874
while destroying
the factories in Hanoi.

00:35:05.120 --> 00:35:08.078
Help, help, help.

00:35:08.800 --> 00:35:12.236
Help, Mr Kosygin, help.

00:35:12.480 --> 00:35:14.994
That proves there are two Communisms.

00:35:15.720 --> 00:35:17.756
A dangerous one,

00:35:17.960 --> 00:35:19.598
and one not dangerous.

00:35:20.360 --> 00:35:23.670
A Communism Johnson must fight,

00:35:23.880 --> 00:35:26.030
and one he holds out his hand to.

00:35:26.240 --> 00:35:27.798
Hello Kosygin, you OK?

00:35:28.040 --> 00:35:31.635
And why is one of them
no longer dangerous?

00:35:32.280 --> 00:35:33.793
Because it has changed.

00:35:34.000 --> 00:35:35.956
The Americans haven't.

00:35:36.160 --> 00:35:37.991
They're an imperialist power.

00:35:39.080 --> 00:35:43.995
Since they haven't changed,
then it's the others who've changed.

00:35:44.200 --> 00:35:48.478
The Russians and their friends
have become revisionists

00:35:49.120 --> 00:35:51.634
that Americans can get on with.

00:35:51.840 --> 00:35:55.753
While the real Communists
that haven't changed

00:35:56.640 --> 00:35:59.279
need to be kicked in the face.

00:35:59.480 --> 00:36:01.789
That's what Vietnam's about.

00:36:02.000 --> 00:36:03.479
I知 for peace in Vietnam.

00:36:04.000 --> 00:36:06.355
Whether intentionally or not,

00:36:06.560 --> 00:36:09.757
both the Russians and Americans...

00:36:11.040 --> 00:36:12.678
I知 for peace in Vietnam.

00:36:14.480 --> 00:36:17.552
..are fighting the real Communists,
in China.

00:36:18.320 --> 00:36:21.312
That's a general conclusion.

00:36:21.560 --> 00:36:22.709
As for Vietnam...

00:36:23.440 --> 00:36:27.319
Help, help, Mr Kosygin!

00:36:27.520 --> 00:36:30.273
Help, Mr Kosygin!

00:36:35.760 --> 00:36:38.320
Hurry, Mr Kosygin!

00:36:40.600 --> 00:36:41.919
A specific conclusion is...

00:36:42.160 --> 00:36:42.956
Any

00:36:43.200 --> 00:36:44.349
progressive

00:36:44.600 --> 00:36:46.113
war... is just.

00:36:46.360 --> 00:36:48.749
Any war... opposing progress...

00:36:48.960 --> 00:36:50.313
is unjust.

00:36:50.520 --> 00:36:51.555
We other...

00:36:52.600 --> 00:36:55.672
Communists... are fighting...
against...

00:36:56.360 --> 00:36:57.873
all... such...

00:36:58.120 --> 00:36:59.439
unjust... wars.

00:37:01.120 --> 00:37:04.669
But we aren't... against...
progressive wars.

00:37:06.560 --> 00:37:07.754
Friends, comrades.

00:37:08.000 --> 00:37:11.276
Why is being American intolerable?

00:37:13.280 --> 00:37:15.271
An important question.

00:37:15.480 --> 00:37:21.430
Indeed, if a socialist might admire
the wealth of the US

00:37:21.640 --> 00:37:27.590
he must place it in perspective
in the relative world context...

00:37:29.680 --> 00:37:31.750
..and at that level understand it,

00:37:31.960 --> 00:37:34.918
using rareness and exploitation
as criteria.

00:37:35.120 --> 00:37:37.475
Rareness, exploitation.

00:37:38.200 --> 00:37:41.875
..protesting the structures
that feed it.

00:37:42.080 --> 00:37:43.433
Structures.

00:37:44.120 --> 00:37:48.671
Otherwise socialism falls
into the right-wing trap...

00:37:48.920 --> 00:37:50.035
Trap.

00:37:51.360 --> 00:37:55.069
..which is the Stalinism
of Capitalistic abundance,

00:37:55.280 --> 00:37:59.876
an apology for power, for luxury.

00:38:00.520 --> 00:38:02.317
A good example is

00:38:02.520 --> 00:38:06.718
the current French Finance Minister,
Mr Michel Debre.

00:38:07.120 --> 00:38:08.075
For us,

00:38:08.720 --> 00:38:12.076
the human sciences must again be...

00:38:12.280 --> 00:38:13.872
what they were for Marx.

00:38:14.080 --> 00:38:16.116
A political instrument.

00:38:16.960 --> 00:38:18.916
A fighting truth.

00:38:19.120 --> 00:38:21.315
A fighting truth.

00:38:22.200 --> 00:38:25.112
Don't forget
the 19th century Marxists,

00:38:25.320 --> 00:38:28.312
before filling
the Russian academies,

00:38:28.520 --> 00:38:30.750
were men of science.

00:38:31.200 --> 00:38:33.589
Hooligan iconoclasts

00:38:33.840 --> 00:38:35.353
and revolutionaries.''

00:38:35.600 --> 00:38:37.318
Revolutionaries.

00:38:38.320 --> 00:38:40.993
Today some schools
for human sciences

00:38:41.200 --> 00:38:45.079
are retracing the road to Marxism,
but backwards.

00:38:45.760 --> 00:38:48.479
Not to show flaws in society,

00:38:48.680 --> 00:38:51.478
but to show flaws
as part of a whole -

00:38:51.680 --> 00:38:55.992
to show how men's will and projects
cannot change.''

00:38:56.200 --> 00:38:59.078
Structure, change.

00:39:00.080 --> 00:39:04.517
In short, man is an idea
of modern thinkers

00:39:05.360 --> 00:39:07.874
that can be transcended.

00:39:08.720 --> 00:39:13.111
This situation
in the human sciences

00:39:13.360 --> 00:39:16.272
that Sartre tried to upset
by his genius...

00:39:16.720 --> 00:39:19.280
this situation is disturbing...

00:39:19.760 --> 00:39:21.079
Disturbing.

00:39:21.280 --> 00:39:22.998
It's the image

00:39:23.200 --> 00:39:26.237
of the impotence of Europe's left.

00:39:27.960 --> 00:39:31.640
That impotence
indicates its decline.

00:39:31.640 --> 00:39:34.240
THEY CONTINUE

00:39:34.240 --> 00:39:36.310
We're a bit like Robinson.

00:39:36.800 --> 00:39:39.792
Remember EngeI痴 text on Robinson?

00:39:40.000 --> 00:39:41.479
In what?

00:39:41.680 --> 00:39:42.908
In Anti-Duhring.

00:39:43.600 --> 00:39:45.352
Guillaume, answer the phone!

00:39:50.920 --> 00:39:55.152
What surprises me
are your quarrels with the Party.

00:39:56.400 --> 00:39:59.437
After a while I discovered

00:40:00.120 --> 00:40:03.237
Three quarters of the ideas
and analyses

00:40:03.960 --> 00:40:05.871
by the Party are false

00:40:06.080 --> 00:40:07.877
for intellectuals.

00:40:08.880 --> 00:40:10.108
Too close to Moscow.

00:40:10.360 --> 00:40:13.670
Look. Nizan is dead,
Merleau is dead.

00:40:13.880 --> 00:40:16.792
Sartre's hiding in Flaubert,
Aragon in maths.

00:40:18.040 --> 00:40:22.397
I find them both moving now.

00:40:22.600 --> 00:40:25.637
Right, but it's tragic also.

00:40:26.400 --> 00:40:28.470
It's the Party's fault?

00:40:28.680 --> 00:40:30.955
Yes, exactly.

00:40:31.160 --> 00:40:33.594
That's why we must seek our ideal

00:40:33.800 --> 00:40:35.552
1 ,000km away in Peking.

00:40:37.960 --> 00:40:41.316
Listen:
No matter what his position,

00:40:41.560 --> 00:40:44.358
no Communist
should automatically treat,

00:40:44.560 --> 00:40:48.599
without due process,
the Chinese Cultural Revolution

00:40:48.800 --> 00:40:51.712
like just another fact or argument.

00:40:51.920 --> 00:40:54.673
The Cultural Revolution
isn't an argument.

00:40:54.880 --> 00:40:56.757
First it's historical fact,

00:40:56.960 --> 00:41:00.111
an historical fact
unlike any other.

00:41:00.320 --> 00:41:01.799
Then there's this.

00:41:02.400 --> 00:41:05.039
Exporting cultural revolt
is impossible,

00:41:05.240 --> 00:41:07.549
as it belongs to China.

00:41:07.760 --> 00:41:11.639
But the theoretical lessons
belong to all Communists.

00:41:11.840 --> 00:41:16.356
They must borrow the lessons
and make them their own.

00:41:16.560 --> 00:41:18.312
Guillaume, answer the phone!

00:41:23.080 --> 00:41:24.798
I知 Veronique Supervielle.

00:41:25.000 --> 00:41:27.912
I知 19 years, eight months,

00:41:28.120 --> 00:41:30.960
14 hours, two minutes,

00:41:30.960 --> 00:41:35.080
SECOND MOVEMENT OF THE FlLM

00:41:35.080 --> 00:41:39.437
Vietnam burns
and me I spurn Mao Mao

00:41:39.600 --> 00:41:43.275
Johnson giggles
and me I wiggle Mao Mao

00:41:43.920 --> 00:41:47.037
Napalm runs
and me I gun Mao Mao

00:41:47.880 --> 00:41:51.919
Cities die
and me I cry Mao Mao

00:41:52.120 --> 00:41:55.954
Whores cry
and me I sigh Mao Mao

00:41:56.160 --> 00:42:00.278
The rice is mad and me a cad

00:42:00.520 --> 00:42:04.308
It's the Little Red Book

00:42:04.520 --> 00:42:08.672
That makes it all move

00:42:09.280 --> 00:42:13.068
lmperialism lays down the law

00:42:13.280 --> 00:42:17.319
Revolution is not a party

00:42:17.520 --> 00:42:20.796
The A-bomb is a paper tiger

00:42:21.440 --> 00:42:25.274
The masses are the real heroes

00:42:25.480 --> 00:42:29.075
The Yanks kill
and me I read Mao Mao

00:42:29.280 --> 00:42:33.671
The jester is king
and me I sing Mao Mao

00:42:33.880 --> 00:42:37.759
The bombs go off
and me I scoff Mao Mao

00:42:37.960 --> 00:42:41.873
Girls run
and me I follow Mao Mao

00:42:42.080 --> 00:42:45.868
The Russians eat
and me I dance Mao Mao

00:42:46.080 --> 00:42:49.959
I denounce and I renounce Mao Mao

00:42:50.200 --> 00:42:54.079
It's the Little Red Book

00:42:54.280 --> 00:42:57.909
That makes it all move.

00:42:58.200 --> 00:43:00.953
THEY CONTINUE THE RElGN

00:43:05.880 --> 00:43:07.677
And now El Cordobes.

00:43:12.080 --> 00:43:13.115
Paco Camino.

00:43:18.440 --> 00:43:20.476
Why did he ditch our bulI痴 head?

00:43:20.680 --> 00:43:22.750
We can't have any more fun.

00:43:22.960 --> 00:43:25.269
He's mad and going to commit suicide.

00:43:26.880 --> 00:43:29.519
- Hurry up, Fernand.
- Coming...

00:43:29.720 --> 00:43:31.312
Look at that, Isabelle.

00:43:31.520 --> 00:43:33.795
Great racing handlebars and a seat.

00:43:34.960 --> 00:43:36.598
- He took it?
- Yes.

00:43:36.800 --> 00:43:38.791
He's a stupid prick.

00:43:39.000 --> 00:43:40.752
No, that worker's a genius.

00:43:40.960 --> 00:43:44.396
With a bulI痴 head he made
handlebars and a seat.

00:43:45.640 --> 00:43:48.518
Divine metamorphosis, Mr Malraux.

00:43:56.600 --> 00:44:00.070
He who speaks of struggle...

00:44:03.080 --> 00:44:05.878
..speaks of sacrifice.

00:44:06.080 --> 00:44:07.877
And death...

00:44:08.960 --> 00:44:11.240
..is a common thing.

00:44:11.240 --> 00:44:13.959
THE RElGN OF DESPOTlSM
IN ASIA, AFRlCA...

00:44:19.240 --> 00:44:20.880
..AND LATIN AMERlCA

00:44:20.880 --> 00:44:25.476
One: the history of art
in the last 100 years

00:44:25.680 --> 00:44:28.717
is the road
leading to the concept

00:44:28.920 --> 00:44:33.471
of art as its own science.

00:44:35.040 --> 00:44:36.109
Two...

00:44:37.640 --> 00:44:39.517
..we are not the ones

00:44:39.720 --> 00:44:43.269
using obscure language.

00:44:43.720 --> 00:44:46.473
It's our society,

00:44:47.280 --> 00:44:50.352
which is hermetic and closed up

00:44:51.120 --> 00:44:55.910
in the poorest
of languages possible.

00:44:56.120 --> 00:44:57.599
Three:

00:44:57.840 --> 00:45:00.115
Maiakovsky in poetry.

00:45:00.320 --> 00:45:03.471
Eisenstein in movies.

00:45:04.120 --> 00:45:06.156
All those fighting

00:45:06.360 --> 00:45:11.115
for a definition of socialist art

00:45:11.360 --> 00:45:15.273
were knifed in the back

00:45:15.480 --> 00:45:19.473
by Trotsky and the others.

00:45:19.680 --> 00:45:24.071
Those who two months
after taking the Winter Palace,

00:45:24.280 --> 00:45:28.273
accepted imperialist language

00:45:28.480 --> 00:45:31.631
to sign the peace treaty

00:45:31.840 --> 00:45:34.479
of Brest-Litovsk.

00:45:35.920 --> 00:45:40.471
Art doesn't reproduce the visible.

00:45:40.680 --> 00:45:42.910
It makes visible.

00:45:43.120 --> 00:45:46.078
But the aesthetic effect
is imaginary.

00:45:47.080 --> 00:45:52.837
Yes, but the imaginary
doesn't reflect reality.

00:45:53.640 --> 00:45:56.552
It's the reality of the reflection.

00:45:57.600 --> 00:46:00.751
You sometimes hear statements like,

00:46:00.960 --> 00:46:05.317
Use only three colours.

00:46:05.520 --> 00:46:08.114
The three primary colours,

00:46:08.320 --> 00:46:11.073
blue, yellow and red.

00:46:11.280 --> 00:46:16.070
Perfectly pure
and perfectly balanced,

00:46:16.320 --> 00:46:21.189
on the pretext that
all the other colours are there.

00:46:30.520 --> 00:46:33.671
For everything we see,

00:46:33.880 --> 00:46:36.872
we must consider three things.

00:46:38.320 --> 00:46:41.676
The position of the seeing eye,

00:46:42.680 --> 00:46:44.113
of the object seen

00:46:44.320 --> 00:46:47.437
and of the source of light.

00:46:48.480 --> 00:46:50.994
Perhaps reality

00:46:51.200 --> 00:46:54.875
hasn't yet appeared to anyone.

00:46:55.520 --> 00:46:56.919
As for us...

00:46:57.560 --> 00:47:01.678
we demand the unity
of politics and art.

00:47:02.480 --> 00:47:06.473
The unity of content and form,

00:47:07.000 --> 00:47:11.869
the unity
of a revolutionary content.

00:47:12.080 --> 00:47:13.195
And...

00:47:14.720 --> 00:47:16.995
..an artistic form

00:47:18.000 --> 00:47:20.833
as perfect as possible.

00:47:22.880 --> 00:47:26.793
Works lacking artistic value,

00:47:27.640 --> 00:47:31.553
no matter
how politically advanced

00:47:31.760 --> 00:47:34.320
are ineffective.

00:47:36.640 --> 00:47:40.997
In literature and in art we must

00:47:41.200 --> 00:47:44.078
fight on two fronts.

00:47:51.760 --> 00:47:53.512
Fighting on two fronts...

00:47:54.320 --> 00:47:56.072
I find too complicated.

00:47:57.720 --> 00:47:59.995
I do only one thing at a time.

00:48:02.520 --> 00:48:04.556
I don't understand how you can

00:48:04.760 --> 00:48:07.832
listen to music and write
at the same time.

00:48:17.880 --> 00:48:19.108
Two fronts.

00:48:19.320 --> 00:48:21.072
Too complicated.

00:48:28.960 --> 00:48:30.439
Do you love me?

00:48:31.160 --> 00:48:32.878
Of course I do.

00:48:34.280 --> 00:48:36.669
I致e decided
I don't love you anymore.

00:48:36.880 --> 00:48:38.233
What's going on?

00:48:38.440 --> 00:48:41.352
I no longer like your face,
eyes, mouth.

00:48:41.560 --> 00:48:44.677
Nor your sweaters.
And you bore me terribly.

00:48:45.800 --> 00:48:46.949
What's happening?

00:48:47.160 --> 00:48:48.115
I don't love you.

00:48:48.320 --> 00:48:49.514
I don't understand.

00:48:49.720 --> 00:48:50.948
You will.

00:48:57.200 --> 00:48:58.235
Veronique.

00:48:58.440 --> 00:48:59.668
You will.

00:49:00.800 --> 00:49:04.076
Explain why you're saying that.

00:49:10.720 --> 00:49:12.676
I no longer love you.

00:49:14.080 --> 00:49:15.877
You interfere.

00:49:17.480 --> 00:49:18.879
You worry me.

00:49:19.080 --> 00:49:21.310
Love's too difficult with you.

00:49:22.320 --> 00:49:25.471
I hate how you discuss
things you ignore.

00:49:27.400 --> 00:49:29.072
I don't love you.

00:49:32.360 --> 00:49:34.078
I don't love you.

00:49:40.320 --> 00:49:42.072
Understand now?

00:49:43.920 --> 00:49:45.558
Yeah, I do.

00:49:46.480 --> 00:49:47.879
I知 very sad...

00:49:49.000 --> 00:49:50.513
..but I understand.

00:49:52.240 --> 00:49:55.073
You see, you can do
two things at once.

00:49:57.480 --> 00:49:59.914
To understand you had to do it.

00:50:00.120 --> 00:50:01.473
Music and language.

00:50:06.880 --> 00:50:09.075
You must struggle on two fronts.

00:50:20.680 --> 00:50:23.114
But you really scared me.

00:50:24.720 --> 00:50:26.676
Me too, I知 often scared.

00:50:31.400 --> 00:50:35.313
THEY CONTINUE OPPRESSION
IN THE WEST

00:50:44.720 --> 00:50:47.553
Some comrades
have bad work habits -

00:50:47.760 --> 00:50:50.558
the antithesis
of the Marxist spirit.

00:50:51.280 --> 00:50:54.158
Like catching birds blindfolded.

00:50:55.800 --> 00:50:57.552
Why are you looking at me?

00:50:58.240 --> 00:51:00.674
I知 not a strange animal.

00:51:00.880 --> 00:51:02.871
I知 a human being.

00:51:04.000 --> 00:51:05.479
And your look

00:51:05.680 --> 00:51:10.708
is the same as Whites in America
looking at Blacks

00:51:11.720 --> 00:51:14.154
or Arabs looking at Jews,

00:51:14.360 --> 00:51:17.272
or vice versa in the Middle East.

00:51:17.480 --> 00:51:20.517
And in the Communist world,
Russians

00:51:20.760 --> 00:51:22.113
looking at Chinese.

00:51:22.320 --> 00:51:23.673
1 , 2, 3, 4, 5.

00:51:24.720 --> 00:51:29.748
There's no face
that can't be drawn,

00:51:29.960 --> 00:51:32.076
like the face of a dream.

00:51:32.520 --> 00:51:35.193
Serge Dimitri Kirilov.

00:51:36.920 --> 00:51:38.319
Not Novalis.

00:51:38.520 --> 00:51:40.272
But it was voted yesterday.

00:51:40.480 --> 00:51:42.436
But he's a scholar, not a poet.

00:51:44.320 --> 00:51:47.073
A scholar on poetry
like Brecht on theatre.

00:51:49.720 --> 00:51:54.271
The Party controls the guns.
Guns must not control the Party.

00:52:01.640 --> 00:52:03.278
Poor Novalis.

00:52:06.400 --> 00:52:08.914
How to unite Marxist-Leninist theory

00:52:09.120 --> 00:52:10.997
and the practice of revolution?

00:52:12.680 --> 00:52:14.671
There's a well-known saying.

00:52:15.480 --> 00:52:17.471
It's like shooting at a target.

00:52:17.680 --> 00:52:20.877
Just like aiming at the target,

00:52:21.080 --> 00:52:24.231
Marxism-Leninism
must aim at revolution.

00:52:33.720 --> 00:52:35.870
You can disagree

00:52:36.320 --> 00:52:41.599
with the terms I use
to define the problem.

00:52:41.800 --> 00:52:43.836
But if, like most workers,

00:52:44.040 --> 00:52:47.669
who use their hands and heads

00:52:47.880 --> 00:52:50.189
you judge or vaguely feel

00:52:50.400 --> 00:52:53.631
that capitalism is no better today
than yesterday...

00:52:53.840 --> 00:52:55.068
Back to Moscow!

00:52:55.280 --> 00:52:58.078
..As economic
and social development,

00:52:58.280 --> 00:53:01.556
as a way of life,
as a system of relations

00:53:01.760 --> 00:53:02.875
of men together.

00:53:03.080 --> 00:53:05.913
With their work, with nature.

00:53:06.120 --> 00:53:08.270
With the people of the world.

00:53:08.480 --> 00:53:11.836
Kosygin and Johnson are killers.

00:53:12.040 --> 00:53:16.272
By the use he does or does not make
of resources and science,

00:53:16.480 --> 00:53:19.756
of present and future
creative capacities,

00:53:19.960 --> 00:53:21.916
of each person.

00:53:22.120 --> 00:53:24.076
What of Siniavsky?

00:53:24.280 --> 00:53:28.432
And if you adhere to socialism
with that feeling

00:53:28.640 --> 00:53:33.316
the problem of its rise to power
is put in those terms.

00:53:35.080 --> 00:53:41.030
Once you admit that violent revolt
and barricades

00:53:41.240 --> 00:53:46.075
can't occur
in advanced capitalism

00:53:46.280 --> 00:53:50.239
in France, Sweden, Italy,

00:53:50.440 --> 00:53:54.274
you can agree
with the French Communist Party...

00:53:55.920 --> 00:53:59.071
Revisionist, revisionist!

00:54:01.200 --> 00:54:06.115
THlRD MOVEMENT OF THE FlLM

00:54:08.120 --> 00:54:09.473
Isn't that Michel?

00:54:10.320 --> 00:54:11.275
You think so?

00:54:11.480 --> 00:54:14.517
Listen to how he pronounces ''s''.

00:54:14.720 --> 00:54:16.836
Maybe you're right.

00:54:17.040 --> 00:54:18.678
Maybe Claude's there.

00:54:18.880 --> 00:54:21.075
Veronique said she had a letter.

00:54:21.280 --> 00:54:23.748
In July he'll bring committee orders

00:54:23.960 --> 00:54:27.236
on beginning hostilities
and against whom.

00:54:27.440 --> 00:54:29.351
- Am I in it?
- No.

00:54:29.560 --> 00:54:34.156
The combat group will have its own
organisation, personnel and finances.

00:54:34.400 --> 00:54:35.674
This is Radio Peking.

00:54:35.880 --> 00:54:37.677
Comrades and friends.

00:54:39.400 --> 00:54:42.039
Those in favour raise their hands.

00:54:59.120 --> 00:55:03.671
Majority decision is to create
a special combat organisation

00:55:03.880 --> 00:55:06.633
which, in strict observance
of conspiracy

00:55:06.840 --> 00:55:08.398
and division of labour

00:55:08.600 --> 00:55:11.956
will take care exclusively
of terrorist activity.

00:55:15.840 --> 00:55:17.876
Now let's draw lots.

00:55:19.040 --> 00:55:20.792
Open it and read.

00:55:26.880 --> 00:55:31.476
Men use

00:55:31.680 --> 00:55:37.073
the sciences of nature

00:55:37.280 --> 00:55:40.272
as a weapon

00:55:40.480 --> 00:55:46.316
in their struggle for liberty.

00:55:51.440 --> 00:55:53.908
DIALOGUE 4
HENRl AFTER HlS EXCLUSION

00:55:57.960 --> 00:56:00.872
Since January,

00:56:01.080 --> 00:56:02.911
maybe December.

00:56:04.440 --> 00:56:05.873
You left them?

00:56:07.040 --> 00:56:09.873
Yes, well, they excluded me.

00:56:10.080 --> 00:56:11.638
It's all the same.

00:56:12.920 --> 00:56:14.512
Why did they throw you out?

00:56:15.520 --> 00:56:19.433
I refused to criticize myself.

00:56:20.520 --> 00:56:21.919
How did it happen?

00:56:23.720 --> 00:56:26.473
Like in all cells,

00:56:26.680 --> 00:56:28.079
there was a vote.

00:56:30.040 --> 00:56:32.076
But what led to the vote?

00:56:35.520 --> 00:56:38.637
It started

00:56:39.320 --> 00:56:42.198
during Veronique's expose.

00:56:42.400 --> 00:56:44.868
The forms of oppression
aren't the same.

00:56:45.080 --> 00:56:46.911
Life now under Pompidou

00:56:47.120 --> 00:56:50.078
isn't like during the war
under Hitler.

00:56:51.120 --> 00:56:53.315
Yet, comrades and friends...

00:56:53.520 --> 00:56:56.990
Just as Serge showed
how art doesn't reflect reality,

00:56:57.200 --> 00:56:59.555
but is the reality of reflection,

00:56:59.760 --> 00:57:04.231
such is the reality of formulas used
by friends of Pompidou and Malraux

00:57:04.440 --> 00:57:07.671
to ban a film like The Nun
by Jacques Rivette.

00:57:07.880 --> 00:57:11.634
It's that reality,
since in formulas there's form

00:57:11.840 --> 00:57:15.515
which makes me think
it's a form of oppression.

00:57:17.120 --> 00:57:20.396
She was confusing Marx and theatre

00:57:21.720 --> 00:57:25.076
and politics,
and that's romanticism.

00:57:27.040 --> 00:57:31.033
She behaved in life like an actress.

00:57:32.080 --> 00:57:34.514
She was influenced by Guillaume.

00:57:34.720 --> 00:57:35.755
Who's he?

00:57:35.960 --> 00:57:37.234
An actor.

00:57:37.440 --> 00:57:38.793
He was one of the group?

00:57:39.320 --> 00:57:42.471
Yes... a fanatic.

00:57:43.120 --> 00:57:46.635
His father had worked with Arthaud.

00:57:48.280 --> 00:57:52.353
While with Kosygin, Wilson,
Pompidou, it's sweet death.

00:57:53.320 --> 00:57:55.390
If that doesn't suit you,

00:57:55.600 --> 00:57:58.194
there's violent death
in North Vietnam.

00:57:59.080 --> 00:58:02.629
While in the South,
sweet death is enough.

00:58:02.840 --> 00:58:04.398
But I say it's the same

00:58:04.640 --> 00:58:07.473
in literary and scientific studies.

00:58:08.440 --> 00:58:12.149
The Left has suggested reforms.

00:58:13.280 --> 00:58:15.840
As long as Racine portrays
men as they are.

00:58:16.040 --> 00:58:18.474
As long as Sade is prohibited.

00:58:18.680 --> 00:58:22.468
As long as maths isn't taught
in nurseries.

00:58:22.680 --> 00:58:26.878
As long as they subsidize the queers
at the Comedie Francaise

00:58:27.600 --> 00:58:30.239
more than Planchon or Bourseiller.

00:58:32.120 --> 00:58:34.714
The reforms are a dead letter,

00:58:34.920 --> 00:58:37.150
because it's dead language.

00:58:37.360 --> 00:58:39.669
It's class culture

00:58:39.880 --> 00:58:42.075
taught by one class.

00:58:42.280 --> 00:58:44.794
A culture belonging
to a certain class

00:58:45.000 --> 00:58:46.991
that pursues a certain policy.

00:58:47.200 --> 00:58:48.474
The analysis...

00:58:50.080 --> 00:58:51.354
..was amiss.

00:58:51.560 --> 00:58:55.348
So the conclusion was unreal.

00:58:56.880 --> 00:58:58.677
If you don't agree it's...

00:58:58.880 --> 00:59:01.474
Yes, I知 for peaceful co-existence.

00:59:02.280 --> 00:59:05.875
What's the Party doing
to change that?

00:59:06.680 --> 00:59:08.989
There are some good things.

00:59:09.480 --> 00:59:13.951
Two weeks ago they were praising
books that confuse words and things,

00:59:14.160 --> 00:59:16.469
that serve reactionary thinking.

00:59:18.960 --> 00:59:22.999
Comrades, we must:
one, close the puppet university.

00:59:23.200 --> 00:59:24.792
Right, but how?

00:59:25.000 --> 00:59:27.468
What do you suggest, dreamer?

00:59:28.320 --> 00:59:29.878
Two, by terror.

00:59:30.080 --> 00:59:31.832
Yes, but what kind of terror?

00:59:36.520 --> 00:59:39.876
Terror leads to nothing today.

00:59:40.080 --> 00:59:41.149
However,

00:59:42.160 --> 00:59:47.280
that culture is 0.43%
of the national budget...

00:59:47.480 --> 00:59:49.710
Veronique was right.

00:59:50.200 --> 00:59:51.474
As for Aragon...

00:59:51.680 --> 00:59:55.798
If the Party's more supple,

00:59:56.440 --> 00:59:58.271
it's because of him.

01:00:00.120 --> 01:00:02.395
Sometimes I was enthusiastic,

01:00:02.640 --> 01:00:06.872
glorifying the socialist edifice
in my writing.

01:00:08.080 --> 01:00:10.913
But the next day I countered

01:00:11.120 --> 01:00:14.874
with criminal-like practical action.

01:00:15.480 --> 01:00:17.198
There was formed

01:00:17.400 --> 01:00:19.675
what Hegel called

01:00:20.320 --> 01:00:23.118
an unhappy conscience.

01:00:24.400 --> 01:00:28.313
It differed
from the ordinary conscience...

01:00:28.600 --> 01:00:31.319
BOUKARIN'S LAST WORDS
AT THE LAST MOSCOW TRIALS

01:00:31.480 --> 01:00:33.311
.. In that it was also
a criminal conscience.

01:00:36.840 --> 01:00:40.469
Ad in France Soir on June 14th.

01:00:41.680 --> 01:00:44.911
Old Russia,
the great religious centres

01:00:45.120 --> 01:00:47.873
of Czarist Russia, brought to life

01:00:48.520 --> 01:00:51.114
and May Day in Moscow.

01:00:51.320 --> 01:00:53.993
Information at Monit Travel,

01:00:54.200 --> 01:00:58.591
4 place de I丹pera,
phone 7 42 06 46.

01:00:58.840 --> 01:01:01.070
Where are the old revolutionaries?

01:01:01.720 --> 01:01:02.675
Sad, huh?

01:01:02.920 --> 01:01:04.148
It's sad, alright.

01:01:04.360 --> 01:01:06.749
Their argument was Sputnik Digest.

01:01:06.960 --> 01:01:09.474
It's a pretty disgusting magazine.

01:01:10.240 --> 01:01:11.878
But that's not enough

01:01:12.080 --> 01:01:15.277
to systematically condemn
the Party attitude

01:01:15.480 --> 01:01:18.358
the way they do in
L'Humanite Nouvelle or Garde Rouge.

01:01:19.080 --> 01:01:24.108
The main organ of
the French Marxist-Leninist movement.

01:01:24.360 --> 01:01:26.749
During the elections in March,

01:01:26.960 --> 01:01:30.669
the only people to talk
of the price of a fridge,

01:01:30.880 --> 01:01:33.917
of work rates or bathrooms,

01:01:34.120 --> 01:01:37.874
and not just general philosophy...

01:01:38.080 --> 01:01:40.878
It wasn't Mitterrand
or Mendes France,

01:01:41.080 --> 01:01:44.675
it was the delegates
of the French Communist Party.

01:01:44.880 --> 01:01:48.668
It's not that -
I said they haven't read all of Marx.

01:01:48.880 --> 01:01:51.394
- You're way off.
- Not read him seriously.

01:01:51.640 --> 01:01:54.234
Well, I知 for peaceful coexistence.

01:01:55.040 --> 01:01:58.112
Lenin said to cut off
one enemy finger to save ten.

01:01:58.320 --> 01:01:59.594
Rosa Luxembourg

01:01:59.840 --> 01:02:02.479
saw the difficulty in answering.

01:02:02.680 --> 01:02:04.238
How troubled she was.

01:02:04.440 --> 01:02:07.034
How she blushed
without understanding.

01:02:07.240 --> 01:02:10.038
Why, because movies and plays

01:02:10.240 --> 01:02:11.992
cost money and the army is free.

01:02:12.200 --> 01:02:13.918
It should be the opposite.

01:02:15.080 --> 01:02:16.354
Shows should be free.

01:02:16.600 --> 01:02:19.160
Those who want to make war
should pay to do so.

01:02:19.400 --> 01:02:22.039
When they say
the leftist agreement

01:02:22.240 --> 01:02:23.798
is a dagger for Vietnam,

01:02:24.040 --> 01:02:26.873
or that the Communist press...

01:02:27.080 --> 01:02:30.516
Everyone talks of the crimes
of the Red Guard

01:02:30.760 --> 01:02:32.239
in the Cultural Revolution.

01:02:32.440 --> 01:02:34.749
Listen, this is fantastic.

01:02:36.160 --> 01:02:39.152
The first date
for Juliette and Pierre

01:02:39.360 --> 01:02:42.397
opened doors
to a new world of magic.

01:02:44.680 --> 01:02:47.956
The world of words
no one had spoken before them.

01:02:50.120 --> 01:02:52.315
What are you reading?

01:02:54.680 --> 01:02:57.274
Henri gave me
the Party's women's magazine.

01:02:57.480 --> 01:02:58.435
Let's see.

01:03:00.680 --> 01:03:03.114
Like the night before,
their eyes met.

01:03:03.320 --> 01:03:04.799
Pierre couldn't speak.

01:03:07.120 --> 01:03:11.432
No point in being Communist
to use that soap opera language.

01:03:16.040 --> 01:03:17.632
I forbid you to read that.

01:03:17.840 --> 01:03:19.671
I said Henri's a revisionist.

01:03:22.680 --> 01:03:25.672
The joker's a king
and I sing Mao Mao...

01:03:26.600 --> 01:03:29.876
Reminds me of pictures
of L'lllustration from 1917,

01:03:30.600 --> 01:03:33.990
that treated Bolsheviks as beatniks.

01:03:34.200 --> 01:03:37.909
They used the same terms
for the Bolsheviks

01:03:38.120 --> 01:03:40.680
as that paper uses for the Red Guard.

01:03:41.360 --> 01:03:45.035
You expect Le Figaro
to say that sort of thing.

01:03:45.240 --> 01:03:48.357
But when L'Humanite does,
it's disgusting.

01:03:48.600 --> 01:03:50.272
OK, there's work to do.

01:03:50.480 --> 01:03:52.471
For everyone.

01:03:52.760 --> 01:03:56.673
The other day I was reading
L'Humanite Nouvelle.

01:03:57.240 --> 01:04:02.314
They talked about the film
Johnny Guitar,

01:04:02.520 --> 01:04:05.796
that the Party leaders had shown...

01:04:07.120 --> 01:04:10.476
..at a meeting somewhere,
I知 not sure where.

01:04:10.680 --> 01:04:15.435
But they attack the film
because it's American,

01:04:15.640 --> 01:04:16.868
even if it's good.

01:04:17.640 --> 01:04:21.838
So, as Veronique's big enemy,
Malraux says,

01:04:22.080 --> 01:04:25.152
liberty doesn't always
have clean hands.

01:04:26.000 --> 01:04:26.512
Veronique, what's the matter?

01:04:28.080 --> 01:04:29.672
Problems?

01:04:29.880 --> 01:04:31.279
I have too many enemies.

01:04:31.920 --> 01:04:34.992
Enemies? You? But who?

01:04:35.880 --> 01:04:37.632
You know, the warlords,

01:04:37.840 --> 01:04:41.150
the bureaucrats,
magnates and landowners

01:04:41.360 --> 01:04:43.555
and the reactionary intellectuals.

01:04:43.760 --> 01:04:45.830
Those are my enemies.

01:04:46.040 --> 01:04:48.873
Well, that makes a lot
of enemies, indeed.

01:04:49.520 --> 01:04:51.431
What are you up to?

01:04:51.640 --> 01:04:53.596
Not much.

01:04:54.240 --> 01:04:56.754
Writing in Les Temps Modernes
as always, and some books.

01:04:56.960 --> 01:05:00.919
ENCOUNTER WITH FRANClS JEANSON
and some books.

01:05:02.600 --> 01:05:07.071
For this year I have a new project.

01:05:07.280 --> 01:05:08.395
What?

01:05:08.600 --> 01:05:11.273
I want to do cultural action.

01:05:11.480 --> 01:05:12.913
But what's that?

01:05:13.120 --> 01:05:16.430
I don't think
anyone really knows yet.

01:05:16.640 --> 01:05:18.471
And I want to try an experiment.

01:05:18.680 --> 01:05:21.558
But culture and action
are old words.

01:05:21.760 --> 01:05:26.515
Yes, but culture is cut off
from action now.

01:05:26.720 --> 01:05:28.119
At least it seems so.

01:05:28.320 --> 01:05:30.276
So it doesn't interest me.

01:05:30.480 --> 01:05:33.950
- Besides, I agree with you.
- You do?

01:05:34.160 --> 01:05:36.799
What interests me is

01:05:37.000 --> 01:05:40.037
that culture gives control
of the world.

01:05:40.240 --> 01:05:42.800
Concretely, when will you do it?

01:05:43.000 --> 01:05:45.878
I start in two months.

01:05:46.080 --> 01:05:48.389
The experiment will last a year.

01:05:48.600 --> 01:05:50.989
Because I want to see
what's possible.

01:05:51.200 --> 01:05:54.078
What is the experiment?

01:05:54.280 --> 01:05:58.751
With a whole team,
we're going to try...

01:05:58.960 --> 01:06:01.190
- In what area?
- Acting, for example.

01:06:01.400 --> 01:06:05.075
- Theatre?
- Yes, in a theatre at Chalon.

01:06:05.280 --> 01:06:08.670
The Bourgogne Theatre.
We'll try to...

01:06:08.880 --> 01:06:10.632
You'll move out of town?

01:06:10.840 --> 01:06:13.115
I知 going to Bourgogne.

01:06:13.320 --> 01:06:16.471
But you know, Chalon isn't very far.

01:06:17.480 --> 01:06:18.993
Isn't leaving Paris sad?

01:06:19.200 --> 01:06:20.872
No, I知 glad.

01:06:21.080 --> 01:06:22.798
Delighted.

01:06:23.440 --> 01:06:26.352
Because I can't work here anymore.

01:06:26.560 --> 01:06:28.994
Anyway, I don't write
when I知 in Paris.

01:06:30.120 --> 01:06:33.078
My books aren't progressing.

01:06:34.800 --> 01:06:38.839
Maybe I can start this action
outside Paris

01:06:39.040 --> 01:06:40.871
and write too.

01:06:42.240 --> 01:06:44.435
Is it important to take action?

01:06:44.640 --> 01:06:48.076
Yes, if we manage to

01:06:48.280 --> 01:06:50.874
do something effective.

01:06:51.080 --> 01:06:54.390
I don't want to start something
just for pleasure

01:06:54.600 --> 01:06:56.397
or to soothe my conscience.

01:06:57.440 --> 01:06:59.670
So why start any action?

01:07:00.320 --> 01:07:04.677
It seems to me, on that level
there's something to be done.

01:07:04.880 --> 01:07:07.269
To place today's men and women

01:07:07.480 --> 01:07:11.678
in a position to receive
the world as it is.

01:07:11.880 --> 01:07:14.872
Not only to receive,
but to act on it,

01:07:15.080 --> 01:07:16.877
to have a hold.

01:07:17.080 --> 01:07:20.470
That means
you're leaving the university?

01:07:21.240 --> 01:07:23.515
Leaving, if you want.

01:07:23.720 --> 01:07:28.953
I知 breaking with an attitude
widespread in the university,

01:07:29.160 --> 01:07:34.678
which is to consider the others,

01:07:34.880 --> 01:07:39.476
the ones we address,
as mere receivers.

01:07:39.720 --> 01:07:42.280
It's true,
and I wouldn't want to be...

01:07:42.480 --> 01:07:45.870
Isn't what's happening
in China important?

01:07:46.080 --> 01:07:48.196
Of course it's important.

01:07:50.080 --> 01:07:54.392
For example, closing the universities
I think is great.

01:07:55.080 --> 01:07:58.197
Right, you think it's great.

01:07:58.400 --> 01:08:01.153
But do you have an idea
what will happen afterwards?

01:08:02.120 --> 01:08:05.078
They must re-open them.

01:08:05.280 --> 01:08:08.317
The students
are in the fields for now.

01:08:09.320 --> 01:08:12.392
That reminds me of something.

01:08:12.600 --> 01:08:14.272
Remember Natalie?

01:08:14.480 --> 01:08:16.675
Yes, I do.

01:08:16.880 --> 01:08:19.440
Her parents voted for Mendes France.

01:08:19.640 --> 01:08:21.471
That doesn't matter.

01:08:21.920 --> 01:08:25.754
Before I prepared for my exams
with you in September,

01:08:25.960 --> 01:08:30.272
she and I picked peaches
near Avignon.

01:08:31.000 --> 01:08:32.877
Now it seems to me that

01:08:33.080 --> 01:08:36.675
doing manual labour beforehand...

01:08:37.800 --> 01:08:41.270
..helped me pass the exams.

01:08:41.480 --> 01:08:45.189
That helped you understand
what I said,

01:08:45.840 --> 01:08:47.512
talking about philosophy?

01:08:47.720 --> 01:08:50.439
A little. In June...

01:08:50.640 --> 01:08:51.914
I think there's a link.

01:08:52.120 --> 01:08:55.476
In June, I didn't do
anything physical and failed.

01:08:55.680 --> 01:08:59.116
I think there's a possible link.

01:08:59.320 --> 01:09:00.912
What's the conclusion?

01:09:01.120 --> 01:09:03.031
You should pick peaches?

01:09:05.360 --> 01:09:07.078
But you agree with me?

01:09:07.280 --> 01:09:11.068
Something's wrong at the university.
Many things.

01:09:11.280 --> 01:09:12.474
Of course.

01:09:12.680 --> 01:09:16.036
It's apparent enough. So?

01:09:16.240 --> 01:09:18.674
You agree
education's the big problem?

01:09:18.880 --> 01:09:21.872
It's one of the biggest problems.

01:09:22.720 --> 01:09:23.709
So?

01:09:24.600 --> 01:09:27.319
Shouldn't we start from scratch?

01:09:27.520 --> 01:09:29.238
But how?

01:09:29.880 --> 01:09:32.917
Close the universities,
like in China.

01:09:33.120 --> 01:09:35.270
You will do that yourself?

01:09:36.080 --> 01:09:39.117
If the authorities
aren't capable of it.

01:09:39.320 --> 01:09:41.151
If necessary, I値l close them.

01:09:41.360 --> 01:09:42.679
How?

01:09:45.960 --> 01:09:48.269
I have an idea.

01:09:48.480 --> 01:09:50.869
Tell me your idea,

01:09:51.080 --> 01:09:52.718
if you can.

01:09:55.560 --> 01:09:59.473
You see,
what disgusts me is teaching.

01:10:00.200 --> 01:10:04.478
It's always a question of class.
Culture is class culture.

01:10:04.680 --> 01:10:07.069
You know the Tutankhamen exhibit.

01:10:07.760 --> 01:10:10.911
Why do all the people run there?
The gold.

01:10:11.120 --> 01:10:15.272
Even workers act bourgeois
and go and see the gold.

01:10:15.480 --> 01:10:18.552
Because if it was in paper,
they wouldn't bother.

01:10:18.760 --> 01:10:20.478
I understand,

01:10:20.680 --> 01:10:22.033
but your idea...

01:10:23.080 --> 01:10:25.674
- Close the university.
- But how?

01:10:26.720 --> 01:10:27.948
With bombs.

01:10:28.880 --> 01:10:30.359
With bombs!

01:10:30.480 --> 01:10:34.712
THlS SITUATION
You're going to throw bombs?

01:10:34.920 --> 01:10:38.754
Once we kill students and teachers,
they'll stop going.

01:10:39.560 --> 01:10:41.232
The university will close.

01:10:42.720 --> 01:10:44.915
You're doing that alone?

01:10:48.880 --> 01:10:51.155
Well, there are two or three of us.

01:10:51.680 --> 01:10:54.478
Two or three... But...

01:10:54.680 --> 01:10:57.399
But during the Algerian War,

01:10:57.600 --> 01:11:01.479
when Djamila Bouhired blew up cafes,
you defended her

01:11:01.680 --> 01:11:05.958
while all the press was against her.

01:11:06.720 --> 01:11:08.551
All of France was against her.

01:11:08.760 --> 01:11:10.318
That's right.

01:11:10.520 --> 01:11:13.080
Only there was a difference.

01:11:13.280 --> 01:11:14.474
Tell me if I知 wrong.

01:11:14.680 --> 01:11:16.671
Explain it to me.

01:11:16.880 --> 01:11:20.953
There was a whole people
behind Djamila.

01:11:21.160 --> 01:11:25.597
Men and women
were already fighting.

01:11:25.800 --> 01:11:29.873
It was for independence
and l, too, want mine.

01:11:30.080 --> 01:11:34.073
You want independence.
How many of you want it that way?

01:11:34.280 --> 01:11:37.078
You told me two or three.

01:11:38.280 --> 01:11:43.638
But many people don't realise it yet.
And we think for them.

01:11:44.640 --> 01:11:45.595
It's for them.

01:11:45.800 --> 01:11:48.917
You think you can make
a revolution for others?

01:11:49.160 --> 01:11:52.630
But you agree
working is part of the struggle.

01:11:52.840 --> 01:11:54.193
But what is the struggle?

01:11:54.400 --> 01:11:55.719
MUST CHANGE

01:11:55.960 --> 01:11:58.679
Look, if I want to know

01:11:58.880 --> 01:12:01.110
revolutionary theory and methods,

01:12:01.320 --> 01:12:04.198
I must participate in a revolution.

01:12:04.840 --> 01:12:08.833
You can participate,
but you can't invent one.

01:12:09.040 --> 01:12:12.715
But if I want knowledge,
I need practical experience.

01:12:13.720 --> 01:12:16.678
- Do you agree?
- I do.

01:12:16.880 --> 01:12:19.474
Only revolutionary practice
implies

01:12:19.680 --> 01:12:23.116
a knowledge of the situation.

01:12:23.320 --> 01:12:25.436
The situation is bad.

01:12:25.640 --> 01:12:28.552
You know that, but do you know...

01:12:28.760 --> 01:12:30.352
And that'll make it known.

01:12:31.480 --> 01:12:34.870
Do you know a possible remedy?

01:12:35.080 --> 01:12:39.596
But authentic knowledge
comes from direct experience.

01:12:40.240 --> 01:12:42.879
First-hand experience.

01:12:43.080 --> 01:12:48.279
Does it tell you the content
to give your action?

01:12:48.480 --> 01:12:51.995
Because terrorism is only a start.

01:12:52.200 --> 01:12:54.475
- Isn't it terrorism?
- Yes, it is.

01:12:54.680 --> 01:12:59.629
So terrorism supposes
underlying bases.

01:13:00.760 --> 01:13:03.115
We've studied for two years.

01:13:03.360 --> 01:13:07.319
For two years,
and how have you studied it?

01:13:07.520 --> 01:13:10.193
We live the problem.

01:13:10.400 --> 01:13:11.355
You live it.

01:13:11.560 --> 01:13:14.757
You're no longer a student.
You may know nothing.

01:13:14.960 --> 01:13:17.030
I still know a few things.

01:13:17.240 --> 01:13:18.195
No, I知 sorry.

01:13:18.400 --> 01:13:23.838
You're right. I know a few things.
Not as much as you, of course.

01:13:24.040 --> 01:13:26.793
- I知 in it.
- I don't suffer directly.

01:13:27.000 --> 01:13:28.672
I suffer and I知 not alone.

01:13:28.880 --> 01:13:31.872
But what's the point

01:13:32.080 --> 01:13:35.675
of killing people
if you don't know

01:13:35.880 --> 01:13:39.236
what you'll do next,
if you don't know what terms...

01:13:39.440 --> 01:13:41.476
But we know what we'll do.

01:13:41.680 --> 01:13:44.274
So, what will you do afterwards?

01:13:45.720 --> 01:13:47.711
I don't believe you know.

01:13:47.920 --> 01:13:51.276
You only know
the present system is awful

01:13:51.480 --> 01:13:53.391
and you're impatient to end it.

01:13:53.600 --> 01:13:55.397
Not awful, just bad.

01:13:55.600 --> 01:13:58.160
What we do afterwards
is not my work.

01:13:58.360 --> 01:14:01.272
- You don't care.
- No, I don't.

01:14:03.680 --> 01:14:07.229
Afterwards,
I値l continue studying the situation.

01:14:07.440 --> 01:14:11.991
Where will you study it?

01:14:12.720 --> 01:14:15.792
I知 only a worker
producing revolution.

01:14:16.000 --> 01:14:19.879
So be a worker and really work.

01:14:20.080 --> 01:14:24.995
The way you're going
you won't last a week, as I see it.

01:14:25.200 --> 01:14:29.512
- Why?
- You'll be arrested long before.

01:14:29.720 --> 01:14:32.792
But you ran from the police.

01:14:33.000 --> 01:14:35.389
And it lasted a long time...

01:14:35.600 --> 01:14:40.390
There were many sympathizers
among the population,

01:14:40.600 --> 01:14:44.149
because even those
not quite in favour of

01:14:44.360 --> 01:14:47.670
Algerian independence
didn't denounce us.

01:14:48.320 --> 01:14:51.471
You have sympathizers,
but they won't go

01:14:51.680 --> 01:14:55.389
as far as mass murder.

01:14:55.600 --> 01:14:57.113
And it'll be mass murder.

01:14:57.320 --> 01:15:00.278
We need help
since some Communists

01:15:00.480 --> 01:15:03.870
are allied with revisionists
to denounce us.

01:15:04.080 --> 01:15:06.913
- You didn't know.
- You're not prepared...

01:15:07.120 --> 01:15:09.918
L'Humanite and Le Figaro
are in league now.

01:15:10.120 --> 01:15:11.599
Alright.

01:15:11.800 --> 01:15:14.917
But your action
will lead to nothing

01:15:15.120 --> 01:15:20.911
if it isn't upheld
by a group, a class,

01:15:21.120 --> 01:15:24.157
by many men and women

01:15:24.360 --> 01:15:26.476
who agree entirely and will pay...

01:15:26.680 --> 01:15:32.277
Me and the young Russian nihilists,
for example.

01:15:32.480 --> 01:15:34.391
So?

01:15:35.080 --> 01:15:37.958
They made bombs
and criminal attempts.

01:15:38.160 --> 01:15:41.789
And the revolution of '1 7
came afterwards. In October.

01:15:42.000 --> 01:15:46.073
You think you can compare
Czarist Russia

01:15:46.280 --> 01:15:48.874
and the situation now in France?

01:15:49.080 --> 01:15:52.038
You call yourself Marxist-Leninist.

01:15:52.240 --> 01:15:56.233
Well, even if we can't
compare them,

01:15:56.440 --> 01:15:59.910
we can draw a lesson from China.

01:16:00.120 --> 01:16:04.318
But the lessons you draw
are very abstract.

01:16:04.520 --> 01:16:07.398
You don't draw lessons
by superposing...

01:16:07.600 --> 01:16:09.272
You think it's a mistake?

01:16:09.480 --> 01:16:11.277
I think so.

01:16:11.480 --> 01:16:14.199
You're heading towards a dead-end.

01:16:14.400 --> 01:16:15.628
Some comrades

01:16:15.880 --> 01:16:18.678
undertake their main task...

01:16:18.880 --> 01:16:21.075
But not firmly in hand.

01:16:21.840 --> 01:16:25.355
They can't do good work.

01:16:25.600 --> 01:16:29.275
Committee Work Techniques, 13th March 1949.

01:16:29.960 --> 01:16:32.269
It's not so much that.

01:16:32.480 --> 01:16:35.278
I told you
the arguments were valid

01:16:35.480 --> 01:16:37.755
but all mixed up.

01:16:37.960 --> 01:16:40.474
Marxism is first of all a science.

01:16:41.320 --> 01:16:42.753
And there,

01:16:43.640 --> 01:16:48.634
the arguments were a mess,
off the cuff.

01:16:48.840 --> 01:16:51.149
They were a bit like children.

01:16:51.360 --> 01:16:54.875
Yes, you know the story
of the Egyptian children?

01:16:56.640 --> 01:16:58.551
Then I値l tell you.

01:16:59.960 --> 01:17:03.509
The Egyptians believed
their language...

01:17:04.560 --> 01:17:06.710
..was that of the gods.

01:17:07.080 --> 01:17:08.877
One day, to prove it,

01:17:09.080 --> 01:17:12.675
they put new-born babies
in a house

01:17:12.880 --> 01:17:14.950
far from any society

01:17:15.920 --> 01:17:18.957
to see if they would learn to talk.

01:17:20.680 --> 01:17:22.875
To speak Egyptian alone.

01:17:24.520 --> 01:17:27.432
They came back 15 years later.

01:17:28.240 --> 01:17:30.151
And what did they find?

01:17:30.360 --> 01:17:34.831
The kids talking together,
but bleating like sheep.

01:17:36.600 --> 01:17:38.670
They hadn't noticed

01:17:38.880 --> 01:17:43.351
that next to the house
was a sheep-pen.

01:17:45.240 --> 01:17:48.073
For us,
in that flat where we were,

01:17:48.280 --> 01:17:51.477
Marxism-Leninism
was a bit like the sheep.

01:17:52.560 --> 01:17:53.595
Any volunteers?

01:17:54.720 --> 01:17:56.472
OK. Me.

01:17:58.400 --> 01:18:00.277
I believe in terror.

01:18:01.960 --> 01:18:05.270
For me, whole revolutions

01:18:05.480 --> 01:18:08.472
are made of terror.

01:18:08.680 --> 01:18:09.635
Who is it?

01:18:09.840 --> 01:18:14.277
A bombless revolutionary
isn't a revolutionary.

01:18:19.520 --> 01:18:21.795
For the moment, we're only a few.

01:18:22.640 --> 01:18:26.076
Tomorrow, we'll be many.

01:18:26.960 --> 01:18:30.475
Tomorrow, I may no longer exist.

01:18:30.920 --> 01:18:33.832
I am happy, I am proud of that.

01:18:34.040 --> 01:18:36.600
Terrorism is not an act
of liberation,

01:18:36.800 --> 01:18:39.268
but a means to impose a programme.

01:18:39.480 --> 01:18:41.471
Give me a bomb.

01:18:42.120 --> 01:18:43.872
Give me a bomb.

01:18:44.080 --> 01:18:46.355
Let's talk in the kitchen.

01:18:46.560 --> 01:18:49.313
I suggest refusing Kirilov
and drawing lots.

01:19:04.120 --> 01:19:06.076
You think he'll commit suicide?

01:19:07.720 --> 01:19:09.278
I知 sure of it.

01:19:12.520 --> 01:19:15.478
They say that,
but when the time comes...

01:19:15.680 --> 01:19:18.399
It's been going on for two weeks.

01:19:20.080 --> 01:19:22.355
But he's serious this time.

01:19:26.320 --> 01:19:29.153
Still, he didn't want
to sign the paper.

01:19:31.440 --> 01:19:32.873
Ask him again.

01:19:35.480 --> 01:19:37.675
I tried all day yesterday.

01:19:37.880 --> 01:19:39.552
You can't talk to him.

01:19:39.760 --> 01:19:42.069
He doesn't want to.

01:19:43.760 --> 01:19:45.876
He still has the revolver?

01:19:46.920 --> 01:19:48.911
He's keeping it.

01:19:49.120 --> 01:19:52.112
He'll give it up
once he's shot himself.

01:20:23.480 --> 01:20:24.993
Listen, Serge...

01:20:25.200 --> 01:20:27.077
Give me the paper.

01:20:28.080 --> 01:20:29.559
In my pocket.

01:20:33.720 --> 01:20:35.472
Leave me alone.

01:20:36.520 --> 01:20:37.873
Did you sign it?

01:20:45.080 --> 01:20:47.799
l, Serge Dimitri Kirilov,

01:20:48.000 --> 01:20:50.719
have murdered Michael Sholokov,

01:20:50.920 --> 01:20:53.593
the Soviet Minister of Culture,

01:20:53.800 --> 01:20:58.112
in Paris
as the French government's guest.

01:21:01.400 --> 01:21:03.914
The purpose of this murder was,

01:21:04.120 --> 01:21:07.874
one, to stop the Soviet puppet
from inaugurating

01:21:08.080 --> 01:21:10.275
the new university buildings

01:21:10.480 --> 01:21:13.677
where he was to speak
before the puppet Malraux...

01:21:13.880 --> 01:21:15.279
Go on.

01:21:19.120 --> 01:21:22.078
Two, this is the first murder
in a series.

01:21:22.280 --> 01:21:25.989
Violence will be the answer
to the cultural suffocation

01:21:26.200 --> 01:21:29.670
willingly imposed
on the universities.

01:21:29.880 --> 01:21:33.270
Serge Kirilov, August 15, 1967.
Very good.

01:22:10.120 --> 01:22:12.350
Do I wear the hat or not?

01:22:12.560 --> 01:22:13.709
No, I won't.

01:22:13.920 --> 01:22:15.069
You have the gun?

01:22:18.320 --> 01:22:19.673
What's his name again?

01:22:19.880 --> 01:22:21.472
Uh, Shokolov...

01:22:21.680 --> 01:22:25.639
- No, Sholokov.
- You sure?

01:22:25.840 --> 01:22:27.353
Yes, that's it.

01:22:29.080 --> 01:22:31.230
But I can't ask his name.

01:22:31.440 --> 01:22:34.000
Do as we already said,
you ask for...

01:22:34.200 --> 01:22:37.476
When he looks at the register,
you find Sholokov.

01:22:38.680 --> 01:22:40.033
It will be upside down.

01:22:40.240 --> 01:22:42.959
They write big, it's easy.

01:22:48.520 --> 01:22:51.671
Alright.

01:23:43.560 --> 01:23:44.709
So?

01:23:45.440 --> 01:23:48.830
He opened the door and I fired.
Come on.

01:23:49.520 --> 01:23:52.637
Shit, shit, stop.

01:23:52.840 --> 01:23:54.193
What is it?

01:23:56.000 --> 01:23:58.468
- I made a mistake.
- How's that?

01:24:00.440 --> 01:24:03.477
I read Sholokov
upside down alright

01:24:03.680 --> 01:24:05.989
and the room number 23.

01:24:06.200 --> 01:24:09.351
But since it was upside down
I inverted.

01:24:09.560 --> 01:24:12.552
That made it 32,
so I went to room 32.

01:24:12.760 --> 01:24:15.558
You shot the guy in 32.

01:24:15.760 --> 01:24:17.159
Go back.

01:24:18.240 --> 01:24:20.674
But park in front this time.

01:25:39.200 --> 01:25:40.269
We... Communists

01:25:40.480 --> 01:25:41.515
..not only...

01:25:41.720 --> 01:25:43.438
..do not fight...

01:25:43.640 --> 01:25:44.914
..against just wars...

01:25:45.120 --> 01:25:46.519
..but take an active part.

01:25:48.520 --> 01:25:50.317
He committed suicide?

01:25:50.560 --> 01:25:51.675
I didn't know.

01:25:53.480 --> 01:25:56.313
Kirilov.

01:25:57.320 --> 01:25:59.914
If Marxism-Leninism exists,

01:26:00.800 --> 01:26:01.994
then anything goes.

01:26:06.400 --> 01:26:08.072
That means we must pay...

01:26:08.280 --> 01:26:09.872
Attention...

01:26:10.080 --> 01:26:12.674
To the quantitative aspect
of a problem...

01:26:12.880 --> 01:26:15.872
..and do quantitative analysis.

01:26:16.080 --> 01:26:18.753
I知 fed up with this job!

01:26:18.960 --> 01:26:21.872
You must participate
in changing reality.

01:26:22.840 --> 01:26:26.276
Maybe I値l return to Besancon.

01:26:27.320 --> 01:26:32.917
Will you join
the normal Communist Party?

01:26:33.120 --> 01:26:36.476
Certainly, as soon as I find work.

01:26:37.600 --> 01:26:41.434
I致e applied at a laboratory.

01:26:42.200 --> 01:26:44.316
And if it doesn't work out,

01:26:44.520 --> 01:26:46.715
I値l go to East Germany.

01:26:46.920 --> 01:26:48.512
They need chemists.

01:26:50.480 --> 01:26:53.153
It's too bad about your quarrels.

01:26:53.880 --> 01:26:56.030
I know it's stupid.

01:26:57.280 --> 01:27:00.511
But you know, what I want...

01:27:01.760 --> 01:27:03.671
..is some quiet.

01:27:03.880 --> 01:27:05.359
They were too fanatical.

01:27:06.440 --> 01:27:08.635
The silence of infinite space.

01:27:08.880 --> 01:27:12.714
It's not silence that scares me,
but sound and fury.

01:27:17.760 --> 01:27:20.069
You never saw them again?

01:27:20.280 --> 01:27:22.271
I don't know what became of them.

01:27:22.480 --> 01:27:25.040
YEAR ZERO THEATRE

01:27:45.880 --> 01:27:47.108
THE

01:27:53.880 --> 01:27:55.677
THEATRlCAL

01:28:02.760 --> 01:28:04.591
VOCATION

01:28:13.640 --> 01:28:14.834
OF

01:28:26.400 --> 01:28:28.516
GUILLAUME MEISTER

01:28:34.200 --> 01:28:36.080
ALL ROADS LEAD TO PEKING
Look, how funny.

01:28:36.080 --> 01:28:39.390
ALL ROADS LEAD TO PEKING

01:28:39.600 --> 01:28:41.716
It's disgusting. Mum will be furious.

01:28:41.920 --> 01:28:43.672
They put up your cousin.

01:28:49.800 --> 01:28:52.439
Maybe they killed the minister.

01:28:52.640 --> 01:28:54.278
I hope inside is alright.

01:29:00.120 --> 01:29:02.160
AND
Fruit and vegetables!

01:29:02.160 --> 01:29:03.680
Fruit and vegetables!

01:29:03.680 --> 01:29:05.671
HlS
Fruit and vegetables!

01:29:06.960 --> 01:29:07.800
Lettuce, tomatoes...

01:29:07.800 --> 01:29:09.760
YEARS
Lettuce, tomatoes...

01:29:09.760 --> 01:29:11.796
Lettuce, tomatoes...

01:29:11.920 --> 01:29:14.080
OF
Radishes and eggs: 10 cents!

01:29:14.080 --> 01:29:16.640
Radishes and eggs: 10 cents!

01:29:16.840 --> 01:29:18.876
One price, fruit and vegetables!

01:29:19.720 --> 01:29:21.073
One lettuce: 10 cents.

01:29:21.320 --> 01:29:24.392
APPRENTICESHIP

01:29:25.160 --> 01:29:28.869
10 cents, one price,
try your luck.

01:29:29.480 --> 01:29:31.835
AND

01:29:34.280 --> 01:29:36.396
OF

01:29:44.840 --> 01:29:47.593
TRAVELS ON THE ROAD

01:29:59.000 --> 01:30:00.513
I don't want to see anyone.

01:30:00.720 --> 01:30:04.872
Don't be hurt if my zeal
breaks the secret of your solitude.

01:30:07.720 --> 01:30:10.393
How long have you been so afraid?

01:30:10.600 --> 01:30:12.318
Since Marcel left me.

01:30:15.360 --> 01:30:19.512
Under what sign did you bring into
the world such an unhappy creature?

01:30:19.760 --> 01:30:21.671
OF A TRUE

01:30:21.920 --> 01:30:22.875
What'll I do?

01:30:23.560 --> 01:30:25.915
Never doubt
a god is fighting for you.

01:30:26.120 --> 01:30:28.350
The sacrifice is over.

01:30:28.600 --> 01:30:31.398
SOCIALIST THEATRE

01:30:31.640 --> 01:30:33.312
Just join the Marxists.

01:30:33.520 --> 01:30:35.192
I want vengeance.

01:30:35.840 --> 01:30:38.308
- You'll lose.
- Get out of here.

01:30:38.520 --> 01:30:39.873
But why leave?

01:30:41.360 --> 01:30:43.669
Why be your own enemy?

01:30:45.320 --> 01:30:47.629
I have too much pain.

01:30:51.880 --> 01:30:55.236
Enough, stop.
It's time to be logical.

01:30:55.480 --> 01:30:58.313
LAST SCENE OF THE MOVIE

01:31:06.960 --> 01:31:09.235
What shall I tell them?

01:31:09.440 --> 01:31:10.793
I値l write to them.

01:31:12.240 --> 01:31:14.117
You're crazy.

01:31:14.320 --> 01:31:15.514
A dreamer.

01:31:20.880 --> 01:31:24.873
OK, it's fiction,
but it brings me closer to reality.

01:31:28.320 --> 01:31:31.869
Everything must be ready Saturday.
Coming, Blandine?

01:31:34.920 --> 01:31:36.478
Think about it.

01:31:50.720 --> 01:31:52.312
It was all thought out.

01:31:52.520 --> 01:31:55.876
The end of summer
meant back to school for me.

01:31:56.080 --> 01:31:58.469
A struggle for me
and some comrades.

01:31:58.680 --> 01:32:00.511
On the other hand, I was wrong.

01:32:00.720 --> 01:32:02.711
I thought I壇 made a leap forward.

01:32:02.920 --> 01:32:04.069
And I realised

01:32:04.280 --> 01:32:07.352
I壇 made only the first timid step
of a long march.