9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
0:15[br]so[br]0:16[br]today we want to talk to you about the role of technology in society[br]0:22[br]in the longer arc have human history[br]0:26[br]Tom would like to take it would like you all to take a couple things away from[br]0:31[br]this talk[br]0:32[br]om the[br]0:36[br]interaction between a piece of technology into pieces and[br]0:40[br]and society is rarely settled in[br]0:43[br]you know two or three years or ten years we're still as a society just barely[br]0:48[br]learning how to use[br]0:49[br]email I if you think even in the past five or 10 years[br]0:53[br]the way emails used in professional context has changed radically we don't[br]0:57[br]really know what it means yet[br]0:58[br]am we think we have a reasonable understanding of how you use an[br]1:04[br]auditorium[br]1:05[br]we figured that one out mostly are[br]1:09[br]the other thing we'd like to talk about here and we'd like you to take away from[br]1:14[br]here[br]1:14[br]is that welke culture[br]1:18[br]kind of grew up is an outsider culture[br]1:21[br]that changed on it's at the heart of politics in the heart of social[br]1:25[br]movements now[br]1:26[br]because it's the hard how we communicate now geek culture and and hacker culture[br]1:33[br]used to be relatively apolitical[br]1:35[br]but now every action that you take and every piece of code that you ride[br]1:40[br]has political effects now you may intend somebody's a fact you may not intend to[br]1:45[br]master these are facts[br]1:46[br]but there there and we need to start thinking about and understanding these[br]1:51[br]changes[br]1:51[br]and this is a change that's happened in our lifetimes so[br]1:57[br]Quinn is mostly a kind in coherent lenders[br]2:03[br]anti-capitalist anarchism in California libertarianism[br]2:07[br]in l.a is marxists in the quest presumably with blood on our hands[br]2:11[br]but says she likes me a lot she's promised me six minutes notice on the[br]2:15[br]purge before it happens I get a head start[br]2:17[br]I'm despite the political party the stalk[br]2:22[br]this talk is not about our politics I it not about what[br]2:26[br]Allah or I want you to do it's about what we've learned from examining[br]2:31[br]the network a fact that we live with now on[br]2:34[br]because fundamentally and many have you recognize this the fundamentally[br]2:39[br]and architecture how the politics and it has a culture[br]2:44[br]and while we were all kind of sitting around in[br]2:48[br]our culture and Usenet in the nineties or wherever we got our start[br]2:52[br]kinda being like ellis et outsiders[br]2:55[br]the world pivoted it changed and surrounded us and put us at the heart[br]3:00[br]these matters and so whatever you[br]3:03[br]one to do politically what we're gonna be talking about[br]3:08[br]is the framework of the politics that technology is creating[br]3:11[br]around the world right now sOooo[br]3:17[br]10 the one other really[br]3:20[br]interesting structures in the world right now that we spend a lot of time[br]3:23[br]dealing with our state's[br]3:24[br]states have a couple a very basic things that they require to be able to interact[br]3:29[br]with the world[br]3:30[br]they need to be able to see their territory and the people who live in[br]3:35[br]that territory[br]3:36[br]if they're going to be able to interact with them and[br]3:40[br]this is this is simply a truth that applies to anything[br]3:43[br]to any time where someone needs to interact with the thing[br]3:46[br]if you can't perceive a thing you can't interact with it[br]3:50[br]am this map here's the plan city of Brasilia[br]3:53[br]which is the a city that was built[br]3:56[br]to be legible to be understandable to the state the notion that a state should[br]4:01[br]if nothing else even if it can't understand all the rest of its territory[br]4:04[br]all over each other cities it should be able to understand the city[br]4:08[br]from which it governs um of course[br]4:12[br]I don't know how many if you're familiar with the actual city of Brasilia[br]4:16[br]but it doesn't look much like what's indicated on that map[br]4:20[br]reality has kind of come back in and gotten about a lot messier again[br]4:25[br]so a lot of the time com the ability of a state[br]4:29[br]to see its citizens and to see its train is actually a very very good thing[br]4:34[br]this is the snow map which founded modern epidemiology at a map of cholera[br]4:39[br]deaths and London[br]4:40[br]around a particular while when they didn't understand[br]4:44[br]that com water and that the cholera was spread through water[br]4:48[br]arm this map[br]4:51[br]told us things about human disease transmission[br]4:55[br]that have saved at least tens of millions of lives[br]5:00[br]and this is a former surveillance[br]5:03[br]sometimes this is a bad thing this is a map that the city of Amsterdam prepared[br]5:08[br]from their very complete census records[br]5:11[br]up where all the Jews were in Amsterdam for the nazis[br]5:18[br]during the process as[br]5:21[br]kind of the societal adjustments following the revolution in France[br]5:25[br]arm and this was actually wanted the demands leading up to the revolution[br]5:28[br]from certain sectors the society[br]5:30[br]com the a revolutionary government has continued under Napoleon[br]5:36[br]standardized on the metric system am[br]5:39[br]one of the things that this did was that it he's a lot of the burdens on farmers[br]5:44[br]who[br]5:44[br]we're having to deal with incompatible local unit systems[br]5:48[br]being used to basically rip them off from what they should have earned a net[br]5:51[br]profits[br]5:52[br]but it also laid the groundwork for tax standardization[br]5:57[br]and for central control arm to paraphrase[br]6:01[br]shutter beyond what he said at the time you know if someone's using the metric[br]6:05[br]system[br]6:06[br]that their narc in other words you know that if someone is using the metric[br]6:10[br]system they work for the government they work for the order that is attempting[br]6:13[br]to impose legibility on society[br]6:17[br]interested Quinn in the fourth century BC[br]6:21[br]no relation the a[br]6:24[br]the Emperor decided that imposing[br]6:27[br]surnames on the population was a good idea[br]6:30[br]on they needed to be able to[br]6:33[br]I construct people for labor and for the military they needed to be able to tax[br]6:38[br]people[br]6:39[br]and they needed to be able to apply laws to families[br]6:42[br]I now many the ruling families in this is true throughout the world[br]6:46[br]in places where names have been have been put into force not been imposed on[br]6:51[br]people[br]6:52[br]many the ruling families already had surnames were frequent hatch to wear[br]6:55[br]that lived her[br]6:56[br]or where they ruled on the common people had all sorts of different ways and[br]6:59[br]being known[br]7:01[br]and if you imagine you've got a dozen different ways that you can be named[br]7:05[br]and you might have some reasons to not want to be[br]7:09[br]legible to the state this is very very convenient for you[br]7:13[br]so assigning patrons was away as changing that power structure[br]7:18[br]and along the way it may have also changed some other power structures in[br]7:21[br]the family[br]7:22[br]it's not clear but one of the things that[br]7:25[br]they attempted to do was to make the arm[br]7:29[br]rested the to make the head of a family responsible for all the action to the[br]7:33[br]rest to the family[br]7:34[br]which you could reasonably see might have some arm[br]7:38[br]some cultural shifts now this is really interesting because it shows that the[br]7:43[br]vision and the state has consequences[br]7:45[br]when the state looks at the world it makes things fall into the box is that[br]7:50[br]it's measuring[br]7:51[br]even if they didn't before in other words[br]7:54[br]networks weird legibility[br]7:58[br]cell I'm i this is i think have a controversial statement in this room[br]8:03[br]right now[br]8:03[br]but I think that surveillance is actually a form of human concern[br]8:08[br]human attention in human concern and[br]8:12[br]and surveillance is what we do when we care about something[br]8:16[br]I at some times that care takes positive forms[br]8:20[br]got coming back to the collar map I sometimes[br]8:23[br]it allows us to build infrastructure that works for a lot of people sometimes[br]8:28[br]it allows us[br]8:29[br]to prevent disease and feed children and so on and so forth[br]8:32[br]and sometimes it's used for political control it's always used in some way[br]8:37[br]I have concern and like technology[br]8:41[br]and many political qualities it is neither good nor bad doors in Utah[br]8:44[br]excuse me who on and[br]8:48[br]and I think that some when things we have to bear in mind in this particular[br]8:51[br]age of surveillance[br]8:53[br]and is that to in many ways[br]8:57[br]surveillance is a small touches that we do on each other surveillance is when we[br]9:00[br]check up on each other and stuff like that[br]9:03[br]so finding a way to cast that's where we can reclaim the positive[br]9:06[br]and suppress the negative is I think much more the task then to fight all[br]9:10[br]surveillance[br]9:11[br]it's a much more subtle question then it would seem right now[br]9:14[br]on but when we talk about this kinda vision of the state[br]9:17[br]the status watcher the state as some as arbiter money for instance[br]9:22[br]the news cycle we have right now if we want to take it back[br]9:26[br]all the way to I for century BC China[br]9:29[br]this isn't this all makes more sense[br]9:32[br]now it makes sense that that nations are trying to get all the information they[br]9:36[br]can[br]9:37[br]because they're trying again to make their world legible[br]9:41[br]and when they get all that information they're putting into categories that[br]9:45[br]they perceive[br]9:46[br]are meaningful and[br]9:49[br]and that means destroying by ignoring the ones that are[br]9:53[br]I think one thing that's really useful about reading this history is it gives[br]9:56[br]you a measure of prediction[br]9:58[br]on what states are gonna wanna do with technology[br]10:01[br]they want to keep tabs on their people for good and bad reasons and there's[br]10:04[br]always both good and bad reasons I'm[br]10:08[br]and they want to take the power[br]10:11[br]that they get by being the state and use it to mold[br]10:16[br]the country that they're in that has been[br]10:20[br]a tremendously progressive force in history and a tremendously destructive[br]10:24[br]one but it still comes from the same fundamental[br]10:27[br]impulse and this is why it's really easy for me to stand up and say[br]10:31[br]a statement always spy on its people as much as they possibly can[br]10:35[br]because Steve always have not just to maintain their power but just to[br]10:39[br]maintain[br]10:40[br]the ability to control consequences which is a point that will return to[br]10:45[br]later[br]10:46[br]so we're in an on time history and i wanna actually rollback[br]10:50[br]to I am another moment in history[br]10:53[br]introduce you for two William Tindal from the 16th century[br]10:58[br]and Tindal I'm had to flee one day from his native England[br]11:03[br]and he never set foot in England again he died outside England[br]11:07[br]up because he decided to translate it said would you wanna do with translate[br]11:11[br]the Bible into English[br]11:13[br]now centuries before this this was always a contentious issue[br]11:17[br]translated the Bible into the local language I it was generally in Latin[br]11:21[br]I'm at centuries before this Pope Innocent the third had[br]11:25[br]had essentially and sentenced to death[br]11:29[br]people that would try to do something like this he[br]11:32[br]the lady was never even to touch the Bible it was to be interpreted and[br]11:36[br]handed down[br]11:37[br]from on high by the church because the church[br]11:41[br]with the people who have the knowledge to understand it it was a top-down[br]11:45[br]picture and Tindal was part of a movement[br]11:48[br]they wanted people to be able to take control of their own Christianity[br]11:52[br]he was opposed by as Sir Thomas More[br]11:55[br]now Saint Thomas More I'm who believed that[br]11:59[br]the church was necessary to keep order if this is sounding a bit Hobbesian[br]12:03[br]that's because it is a hot team today and it is one that we are still kinda[br]12:07[br]I too would like in the third activists I used to think this is a good metaphor[br]12:11[br]for where we are now but actually I think this is just the same thing going[br]12:13[br]on[br]12:14[br]so more in 10 Dale got into a huge fight[br]12:18[br]and more was on the runner's high today was on the run more worse[br]12:22[br]was sitting with p.m. henry the eighth and they got into[br]12:26[br]a big argument and this argument spanned con the continent[br]12:30[br]at various points about whether or not the Bible should be in English[br]12:34[br]and people should be able to interpret their own religion[br]12:37[br]on and of course that got started because this guy[br]12:41[br]at Martin Luther who created up and shove[br]12:44[br]at the season staple them to door and then and then sent them all around the[br]12:48[br]continent[br]12:50[br]again nothing on this list above church reforms that Luther in 10 day on the[br]12:55[br]whole crew wanted were new[br]12:57[br]not thing was new what was new was a if you were[br]13:00[br]Martin Luther you wanted to say the church needs to reform and you gonna[br]13:03[br]force[br]13:04[br]and to go tell people that that's what you believed the church would burden you[br]13:09[br]I but something had changed and this is also how[br]13:13[br]Tindal and I mean it this the statement[br]13:17[br]10 they all ran away and then they had a fight for years[br]13:20[br]doesn't make any sense to most people in that area[br]13:23[br]and it just sounds assumed to us because I've a communication technology in this[br]13:27[br]case that communication technology[br]13:29[br]on is the printing press[br]13:33[br]I'm so on Luther was able to put out as they fight the cysts it[br]13:38[br]safely with patron in Germany and say the church need to reform[br]13:43[br]and the church dedication to be like could you send them from eating and he's[br]13:46[br]like[br]13:46[br]I'll stay here in Germany it's fine and I'm[br]13:51[br]and no originally though the printing press[br]13:55[br]had been a huge to love the church[br]13:58[br]the more the biggest customers a printing[br]14:01[br]am not just to print bibles but also standardize the interpretation of the[br]14:06[br]religion everywhere they could print things out send them[br]14:08[br]out all Europe and gain control[br]14:11[br]and again legibility on their religion make sure that everybody had the right[br]14:15[br]materials[br]14:17[br]that there was no corruption in them and spread them everywhere[br]14:20[br]and that went on for a few years and then the dissidents got a hold of this[br]14:23[br]technology[br]14:24[br]and it turned out they could do the same thing the church could do[br]14:28[br]so the big question hanging over the 16th century[br]14:31[br]was was the printing press going to reform the Catholic Church[br]14:36[br]well in fact the printing press reformed[br]14:40[br]everything on the planet and possibly few things of the plaque[br]14:46[br]so they didn't even have a language to ask the right question[br]14:52[br]for the undertaking that they were embarking on[br]14:59[br]so Tindal and more were two threads inside one institutional power[br]15:05[br]but there are a lot of kinds of power in society not just one[br]15:09[br]arm the church has waned in authority[br]15:13[br]capitalism was in many ways just getting started this was the birth at the East[br]15:16[br]India[br]15:17[br]company this was the birth a mercantilism in that same era[br]15:22[br]on but the power guns in the power of money and the power of God[br]15:25[br]are just three different kinds of power and they'll let you do different kinds[br]15:29[br]of things they're not[br]15:31[br]commence herbal with each other they don't act on each other they don't[br]15:35[br]act on themselves if you have a pile of money that doesn't lessen[br]15:39[br]necessarily let you directly influence[br]15:42[br]what someone else who has a pile of money wants to do now[br]15:46[br]you can maybe take away their money or[br]15:49[br]force them to do something else because you bought the thing that they were[br]15:52[br]trying to buy first[br]15:54[br]om but there's a lot of subtlety here in terms of how[br]15:58[br]power acts and this is one of the things that[br]16:03[br]seems to be occasionally getting missed while we talk about[br]16:07[br]oh we need to force states to do such and such we need to stop States from[br]16:11[br]doing such-and-such[br]16:13[br]you know there's this a you know all corporate surveillance is the worst[br]16:17[br]thing oh[br]16:18[br]state surveillance the worst thing other different things and they may be[br]16:21[br]problematic in different ways all power needs to be able to see the world in a[br]16:26[br]balloon[br]16:27[br]in order to act whether you are a state for a corporation or church[br]16:32[br]you need your own kind and legibility and your own kind of surveillance[br]16:36[br]whether that means figuring out if the people in all the villages are showing[br]16:41[br]up in church on Sundays[br]16:43[br]and whether or not they're doing any of these things that might be indicative[br]16:46[br]have any at these various heresies[br]16:49[br]that you keep hearing about well let's go burn some people and find out[br]16:53[br]or whether it just means that I need to be able to set cookies in your browser[br]16:57[br]and figure out what kind of porn you like that's the same operation but for[br]17:02[br]very different reasons[br]17:05[br]states are panicking right now there[br]17:09[br]acting the way they are because they're panicked[br]17:12[br]and there's nothing that can cause the consequence very and it used to be that[br]17:16[br]consequence ferry was a very staid creature[br]17:19[br]and it would sort of you know floats slowly around the room analyte[br]17:23[br]on the shoulders have had to state and popes and bishops[br]17:27[br]and you know capitalists and say your[br]17:30[br]actions matter in the world you're an important person[br]17:34[br]and at some point in the past 20 or so years the consequence very got drunk[br]17:38[br]and now the country is kinda flitting around the room doing[br]17:41[br]matter in you matter in you matter[br]17:45[br]and everybody else is like what the fuck how do we even deal with this because we[br]17:49[br]don't know how[br]17:51[br]because our legibility[br]17:54[br]min you know like the world hasn't changed the stuff that we pullin is[br]17:58[br]still the same thing[br]17:59[br]but it doesn't mean what it used to mean we can't interpret it anymore[br]18:03[br]so one of the things we're seeing right now is we're staying States[br]18:07[br]desperately trying to hang onto not their ability to surveilled but their[br]18:10[br]ability to understand[br]18:12[br]but those don't look different from the outside[br]18:15[br]arm rule of law was never intended[br]18:18[br]to operate in a state of exception in this is one of the things which is very[br]18:21[br]interesting[br]18:23[br]if we talk about rule of law as a response[br]18:26[br]to unrestricted surveillance or to any other other problems in the world right[br]18:29[br]now[br]18:30[br]arm a state of exception and a set of rules law are[br]18:34[br]defined opposites com we now live[br]18:37[br]in a state of permanent but neither pervasive nor complete[br]18:42[br]exception and this complicates[br]18:46[br]all responses within systems[br]18:51[br]sue on a personal level things have gotten weird to[br]18:57[br]om positional Essex[br]19:00[br]is basically what happens when you join an institution when you join our[br]19:05[br]organization[br]19:05[br]when you join a network that network or that institution[br]19:09[br]has a set of ethics that are attached to it[br]19:12[br]and when you operate with in that institution[br]19:16[br]you take on some of those ethics you be calmer[br]19:19[br]the person that does the thing that the institution[br]19:23[br]needs to do in the world om now[br]19:26[br]this is not complete this is this is definitely not total[br]19:30[br]arm infrastructure does this tune this is a really interesting thing[br]19:34[br]for all of us you build communications infrastructure in the world[br]19:37[br]infrastructure has an ethics now in a lot of cases[br]19:40[br]right now that ethics is actively suicidal[br]19:43[br]we're dealing with suicidal infrastructure that we're embedded[br]19:46[br]inside[br]19:48[br]and we cannot b.com non suicidal ourselves entirely[br]19:53[br]because we're still tied into that infrastructure[br]19:56[br]we can only become in some ways[br]20:00[br]sensible are human and humane again if we get outside that infrastructure but[br]20:04[br]we can't because that's what one society[br]20:07[br]um things in our lives can sometimes override[br]20:11[br]positional FX and and this is where our friend Walter really comes in right[br]20:15[br]you know if you have kids[br]20:18[br]all of a sudden you realize I'll I will do anything[br]20:22[br]to feed these kids it doesn't matter what I thought my world used to be[br]20:27[br]my world is no different on[br]20:30[br]and one of the things that's really interesting about life in the network[br]20:34[br]society[br]20:35[br]is that we don't just have a single set of ethics we don't just have a single[br]20:38[br]context anymore[br]20:40[br]on we may find that we wake up in the morning and we go to work[br]20:44[br]and we work on systems upstate or corporate control all day[br]20:48[br]and then we go home and we do other work to undermine the exact same systems[br]20:54[br]%uh control that we were working to build all day and we are literally[br]20:57[br]fighting ourselves[br]21:01[br]that is one of the conditions the next century[br]21:10[br]so one other reasons that that institutions are freaking out right now[br]21:14[br]is because this network that were on makes people[br]21:18[br]weird and actually I like this particular networks weird people[br]21:22[br]in almost like the high medieval cents they almost make people have a fame[br]21:27[br]magic to them and all the sudden one person can become many people on the[br]21:31[br]network[br]21:31[br]and that legibility that several thousand years a[br]21:35[br]getting a last name on you people is suddenly gone because you just invented[br]21:39[br]15 new people[br]21:41[br]today and a ten thousand if you read a scripted[br]21:45[br]and all the sudden the other[br]21:48[br]the thing that the that power has a grip on[br]21:52[br]has a bearded in that classic its its totally fallen buffet and uncontrollable[br]21:56[br]magic and that's what you are right now[br]21:58[br]that's what you are becoming that's what people on the network have become[br]22:02[br]on and in the network has its own logic or possibly this[br]22:07[br]I'm not sure I wanna apply that word here for charm up but it's really true[br]22:12[br]but the network projects your reality and substitute is their own[br]22:15[br]those categories those safe and understand or predictable categories[br]22:19[br]those get weirded out to[br]22:21[br]and we're all kinda living through this process all still within our lifetime[br]22:25[br]and[br]22:26[br]and we don't have a social structure or even a language to describe the networks[br]22:31[br]that we're living in right now[br]22:32[br]on and[br]22:36[br]it's doing really really strange things to institutions[br]22:41[br]the Internet in particular turns conduits and barriers[br]22:45[br]and I do mean that the IAEA used to be the good guys[br]22:49[br]their jobs from the nineteen fifties was to standardize[br]22:53[br]all the record players to make sure that all the record players will play all the[br]22:57[br]records[br]22:57[br]so that anyone to get music and a set up distribution systems for the anyone[br]23:02[br]around the country[br]23:03[br]could get anyone else's music and this actually really interesting in magical[br]23:08[br]thing they did because if you are living in you know in a Louisiana by you[br]23:11[br]in 1950 you didn't hear music from New York[br]23:15[br]until they fix this system and they allowed this[br]23:19[br]this and they're one of the entities that allowed this common culture to grow[br]23:23[br]up in these[br]23:23[br]other options to enter people's lives all over america[br]23:26[br]and they didn't actually really change what they did for the next 50 years[br]23:32[br]but the world did that pit the same one that put you at the heart of the matter[br]23:37[br]took this conduit of information and turned it into a barrier[br]23:41[br]and the people who are working these jobs the people who live through this[br]23:46[br]whole cycle with the RIAA[br]23:48[br]I gotta say like as a journalist who said to call in for interviews it's like[br]23:51[br]going crazy people[br]23:52[br]and I have a lot of sympathy for them these days because they didn't do[br]23:56[br]anything wrong[br]23:57[br]the whole world just went cook it from their perspective[br]24:01[br]I and they're grabbing it reality as best they can[br]24:06[br]in fact so many other things that would have been the awesome geeky things to do[br]24:11[br]in the fifties and sixties[br]24:13[br]have turned from conduits and generous[br]24:17[br]ways are sharing information into the barriers trying to stop the network from[br]24:21[br]doing their job better[br]24:22[br]because it got those kids to feed and they've got a mortgage[br]24:26[br]and get what they were doing the right thing all their lives why did they have[br]24:28[br]to change now[br]24:29[br]so[br]24:33[br]I'm what does it look like on a grand scale[br]24:37[br]when by these these weird things go on with institutions and people[br]24:42[br]well soluble from earlier with this kind of crap this is it from 1979 to the[br]24:46[br]president[br]24:47[br]a level up global protests any part in this I think we all know is fed by the[br]24:52[br]fact the core name protesters now[br]24:54[br]piss easy compared to what it was prior to this[br]24:58[br]I that it's you know[br]25:01[br]it's like a signing up for a amassed tweeting and then going somewhere and[br]25:06[br]it's[br]25:06[br]something people can do in a few minutes it something[br]25:09[br]you know it I the people who set up the[br]25:12[br]actor protests in on Poland that brought down[br]25:16[br]a that legislation eventually work people who had been working on it for[br]25:21[br]years in building networks and[br]25:23[br]and doing trainings and so on and so forth they're just like I must our[br]25:26[br]Facebook group[br]25:28[br]and pretty soon there is two hundred thousand people in three hundred cities[br]25:31[br]crashing abusive legislation[br]25:33[br]that was ever a treaty that was never even supposed to face any serious[br]25:37[br]opposition[br]25:38[br]that came out of nowhere that's when the one with the Polish Parliament mast up[br]25:43[br]talk about weirding identity and institutions right there[br]25:46[br]I'm this was a little bit more subtle but actually think ultimately more[br]25:50[br]important[br]25:51[br]something's happened since the 90's it certainly took off by the year two[br]25:55[br]thousand[br]25:55[br]and actually interestingly maps pretty well that global protest graph[br]26:00[br]inode by pretty well I mean in a rough sense that is risen on a somewhat plain[br]26:04[br]on which is that this bottom-line is on[br]26:07[br]is for Nate from 1970 to the present[br]26:11[br]and that top-line is international remittance[br]26:15[br]an international remittances the fancy pants term for sending money home to[br]26:18[br]your family[br]26:20[br]not so what's happened here is that um[br]26:24[br]v is that nearly three times as much money is sent[br]26:28[br]by immigrants back to their families[br]26:31[br]as is is set to countries via foreign aid from governments[br]26:36[br]and possibly other fundraising institutions on[br]26:40[br]why is that important because the system a mutual care[br]26:43[br]it is again largely a while legible or stepping out of the state some %uh this[br]26:47[br]actually the number is probably higher than this because it is very very hard[br]26:51[br]to count[br]26:52[br]remittances go through informal in car economies a limitation that the people[br]26:56[br]who study this recognized but by their very nature they are illegible[br]27:00[br]and they're often used for remittance by people who are trying to[br]27:03[br]avoid taxes or avoid government they're trying to skim off the top of the[br]27:07[br]remittance economy[br]27:08[br]on so again the network is making things[br]27:12[br]pretty weird[br]27:23[br]so[br]27:25[br]I first got online in August in 1994 just before[br]27:30[br]the internet said only became a[br]27:33[br]very different place for the first half probably the dozen or two dozen times[br]27:37[br]that that's happened[br]27:38[br]since then om and[br]27:42[br]that culture that I first came in on[br]27:46[br]was a culture where we were kind of in a corner doing our own thing[br]27:51[br]and that September[br]27:55[br]when all the college kids came online and then everyone else[br]27:58[br]started coming online all of a sudden we don't live[br]28:02[br]somewhere off a corner now all the sudden we live[br]28:05[br]right in the middle and everything com[br]28:09[br]and everything that we're doing is going[br]28:12[br]to keep ako ng through history[br]28:16[br]no matter what we want to do one of the things that means is that means that we[br]28:21[br]need to learn history who's been to learn our own history[br]28:24[br]if we continue to[br]28:28[br]ignore the shaping a fact that we have on the world[br]28:32[br]we miss a lot of things it means we're going to keep repeating the same[br]28:36[br]mistakes it means we're not going to understand the victories[br]28:39[br]that we won in the past on it means we're not going to understand the[br]28:43[br]victories[br]28:44[br]other people one and see the similarities between the situations[br]28:48[br]that we're in now and that some French peasant was in seven hundred years ago[br]28:52[br]or some Chinese peasant was an two thousand years ago[br]28:56[br]com that social change[br]29:01[br]is really really critical arm you know we keep hearing[br]29:05[br]no code is polished their code is law laws code there's this[br]29:09[br]there's this you know arm equivalency now[br]29:13[br]I think there's something deeper there's well I think that[br]29:16[br]code it becomes given a hundred years culture[br]29:20[br]arm and that's a lot harder to protect[br]29:24[br]in some ways we can look at apiece have law[br]29:27[br]and makes some gases about what effect it's gonna have on the world[br]29:32[br]it's a lot harder to make the same set of gases about what[br]29:36[br]a cultural object or a thing that will influence a cultural object is going to[br]29:40[br]have on the world[br]29:41[br]but if we don't start thinking about it we're definitely not going to get there[br]29:45[br]so arm one of the things that we're talking about[br]29:49[br]is trying to stretch out are mines[br]29:53[br]stretch out like our conceptions of history while living[br]29:56[br]while those institutions and as institutional ethics that we're talking[br]29:59[br]about[br]29:59[br]push you towards thinking in quarters most imp cultures currently conducted on[br]30:06[br]on like[br]30:06[br]quarters or maybe an annual cycle[br]30:09[br]a but something like pointed out to me recently that they can't right now find[br]30:14[br]any articles that are making predictions for 2014[br]30:19[br]our time horizons have gotten so short[br]30:23[br]that we are too scared to predict next month but we can look back[br]30:28[br]we can look back at different points and and take lessons from them some other[br]30:31[br]things that we face right now are unprecedented[br]30:33[br]as all history has been and some other[br]30:37[br]is patterns that we can learn from and when we step back and look at[br]30:40[br]not just I not just things like Tindal[br]30:44[br]and more and that path they traced up to the Enlightenment[br]30:48[br]and again interestingly it is almost at we can also look at things like the fall[br]30:52[br]of the Roman Empire[br]30:53[br]the rise of paper money in China all these things[br]30:56[br]are things that can help inform us and make us understand the technologies that[br]31:00[br]we face today[br]31:01[br]but of course there are limits because every moment is unprecedented and right[br]31:06[br]now[br]31:06[br]there are so many freakin people out there that's what's so strange about[br]31:10[br]this moment every second two hundred and seventeen years a few min experience[br]31:15[br]pass on this planet since we've been talking it's something close to you[br]31:20[br]five hundred thousand years in as in the course of this talk[br]31:25[br]that's the that's the human attention that has passed[br]31:28[br]from seven billion people while we've been standing here we've been standing[br]31:31[br]you can stay[br]31:32[br]setting and what I really wanna start pushing on you[br]31:36[br]pushing toward you towards is trying to look at that long time[br]31:40[br]try to look at what the world was like a few hundred years ago[br]31:44[br]and try to imagine what you want the world to look like in a hundred years[br]31:49[br]but that's a question very few of us can answer at this point[br]31:52[br]not what do you think it will look like we want it to look like[br]31:58[br]what do you think is right for people in a hundred years[br]32:01[br]how do you hope people that you will never meet will live[br]32:13[br]people are different because at this network that we've dealt over the last[br]32:17[br]thirty years[br]32:17[br]I but they're having to do it on brains that haven't had a chance to change[br]32:22[br]I'm normally we have to we have decades and generations to adjust to these kinds[br]32:28[br]of change[br]32:28[br]currently living through an age where we have to adjust these changes[br]32:32[br]and and a biologically challenging period of time[br]32:35[br]am billions of people a number that none of us can conceive[br]32:40[br]I I not just once on the network for those touched by the network test for[br]32:45[br]the presence of a network[br]32:46[br]I are affected by what we[br]32:49[br]as a community have till on yes[br]32:54[br]we built the technology that let's governments monitor controller people[br]32:58[br]we also built a technology that lets people escape the fate's that their[br]33:02[br]rulers and cultures have for them[br]33:03[br]and sometimes we built those things in the same applications[br]33:07[br]you[br]33:10[br]have left millions and perhaps hundreds of millions[br]33:13[br]have children know the mothers and fathers who had to leave them[br]33:17[br]in order to feed them and care for them a tradition that goes back many[br]33:21[br]generations[br]33:22[br]many generations into social isolation in Los[br]33:25[br]you taken away the power economics and distance to make strangers a family's[br]33:31[br]on this is what's buried in those[br]33:35[br]dry remittance figures people[br]33:39[br]families families origin[br]33:43[br]families that we create distance no longer has[br]33:48[br]the same power over its lives over our lives[br]33:51[br]because other things that we all built in the last thirty years[br]33:54[br]this is what mutual care looks like it looks like the faces a[br]33:59[br]people it looks like their blood and their flash[br]34:03[br]and this is what our technology affects[br]34:06[br]controls and enables you made millions of people care[br]34:10[br]about people they didn't know existed millions of people they didn't know[br]34:15[br]existed[br]34:15[br]you made[br]34:18[br]not just distance but[br]34:22[br]the time but the depth of time the human record[br]34:26[br]all recorded history you made it so present[br]34:29[br]that we can pocket out of the air at any moment that's what you did in the last[br]34:34[br]thirty years[br]34:35[br]that's what you gave close to two billion people[br]34:39[br]on this planet in the last thirty years[br]34:42[br]that's what you're responsible for[br]34:46[br]I know that you didn't ask for this job[br]34:51[br]you didn't ask for this role in society none the view[br]34:54[br]not one %uh view wants to think about the many people that can be affected by[br]34:59[br]one fucking perfectly normal Bob or mistake[br]35:03[br]in the technology that you built and this is where the reasons we keep our[br]35:06[br]heads down[br]35:07[br]no one became a geek because they wanted to be the center of political attention[br]35:11[br]that just happened[br]35:14[br]you don't get to choose you don't get to choose what arab history you live in[br]35:19[br]and what that era wants to do with you and this is a moment when it[br]35:24[br]all up for grabs that's what it means to say we're on a burning planet and what[br]35:28[br]it means to say that we don't have neutral ground is that you're at the[br]35:30[br]center of that fire[br]35:32[br]you said it you one other people that said it you're one of the people[br]35:35[br]attended[br]35:36[br]and everything you do the changes you make over the next month in years ago in[br]35:41[br]a time down decades and centuries in shape the lives of people[br]35:44[br]you will never know but they will know you[br]35:47[br]for one thing your lives very well courted[br]35:51[br]and[br]35:55[br]at this point this is where we are in history[br]35:59[br]but we're standing at a conference where we still have to remind people in the[br]36:02[br]community to eat embed themselves[br]36:13[br]it is time for us to up our game[br]36:36[br]I believe me we taking questions at the Mikes[br]36:39[br]and possibly from the internet I'm not sure[br]36:44[br]I'm[br]36:48[br]but when many the citations that we use not all that many the situations that we[br]36:51[br]used in the talk[br]36:52[br]are contained within these books and essays and so on and so forth and[br]36:56[br]together they make a pretty interesting follow-on curriculum as it were[br]36:59[br]for the concepts even talking about[br]37:21[br]hi[br]37:22[br]good evening thanks for the bus station a.m.[br]37:25[br]after the printing technology came we saw a emancipate[br]37:29[br]emancipation of the human being human rights[br]37:33[br]end of slavery a do you think there could be something similar happening[br]37:37[br]with the[br]37:37[br]you man which is enhanced man also going through in speed[br]37:42[br]emancipation and of digital slavery and[br]37:45[br]new union rights committee um[br]37:48[br]so interestingly we thought we saw ups[br]37:51[br]slavery as a explicit condition abolished but we saw it as an implicit[br]37:56[br]condition expanded so we have various people who end up[br]38:00[br]I am essentially living in slave-like conditions[br]38:03[br]they can't be they they can be bought or sold well in some cases they almost[br]38:07[br]can be I'm but a it is[br]38:10[br]its interesting to watch how that institution changed I think actually[br]38:14[br]that's a really really important point[br]38:15[br]because this kind of modified human being[br]38:19[br]this we're all basically cyborgs have some sort or another at this point I[br]38:23[br]living on a cyborg planet like if you look at if you look at this planet that[br]38:27[br]is not what the planet naturally looks like this is what we have now[br]38:30[br]on and up and[br]38:33[br]I think that the job I have our generation especially in the next[br]38:37[br]generation is going to be[br]38:39[br]to try and and the slavery without instantiating a new[br]38:42[br]sadler form of slavery like we did last time[br]38:46[br]cell this is coming this these enhancements are coming there's nothing[br]38:50[br]we can do about it except make it positive[br]38:52[br]I see ways in which emergent structures can make this world a much better place[br]38:56[br]but I also see ways in which emergent structures fighting state power[br]39:00[br]turning violent could make a completely gray[br]39:04[br]featureless terrible planet where anyone who was different was instantly[br]39:08[br]destroyed[br]39:08[br]I think that's what our network could do in the worst-case I'd rather it didn't[br]39:12[br]do that okay thank you[br]39:16[br]I'm more remarkable order basically if you're standing in the Ailey II to go to[br]39:20[br]ask questions[br]39:21[br]sit down or leaf no standing around looking and chances are details[br]39:25[br]thank you and the next question over there on[br]39:29[br]I E not so much a question as a comment I would like to encourage[br]39:34[br]in addition to reading those books that we need to learn and remember more about[br]39:39[br]our own history I'm they are very recent history[br]39:42[br]it disturbs me that there have in[br]39:46[br]there are books about cryptographic algorithms[br]39:49[br]there are books about bomb early days of hacking but I talk to people younger[br]39:54[br]than myself[br]39:55[br]your the on their I teens and twenties[br]39:58[br]and Theor from the people i've talked to there is an astounding lack[br]40:03[br]awareness UVC like the first crypto war nobody[br]40:08[br]that I know I love who is to give him the younger than me[br]40:12[br]knows about the clipper chip ok for it has a or how weak I[br]40:16[br]a I want gonna over in crypto[br]40:20[br]with you know the combination the expiration have patents[br]40:23[br]and solve the other free software that developed[br]40:27[br]the period %uh naked silly 1988 1992[br]40:31[br]as a collected history seems to be[br]40:34[br]plank so let me actually don't know I find that can found the disturbing[br]40:38[br]everybody in the room house at some sort a computer science degree related degree[br]40:41[br]put up your hands[br]40:42[br]now everyone who[br]40:45[br]that we keep your hands up now everyone who read caught Shannon[br]40:50[br]in school choir hands down get all of your people with CS degrees who didn't[br]40:57[br]require Shannon[br]40:58[br]one of the most fundamental voices in everything you do[br]41:02[br]and that's kind of goes to this interesting point about I'm[br]41:07[br]about understandably I think one of the great things you can do is talk to all[br]41:10[br]people[br]41:11[br]ask them what like used to be like and I will talk your about this[br]41:16[br]talk about this because I thank you 3/28 talk[br]41:19[br]I on so you talked about the[br]41:25[br]view of the state's um by the state itself is just[br]41:29[br]are some top technology to keep society on[br]41:33[br]human time to working cell arm[br]41:36[br]while you're I rejoin to you talk I was[br]41:40[br]thinking whether you have thought about the possibility that[br]41:45[br]some sort of new technologies we're[br]41:48[br]inventing building may eat even supersede[br]41:52[br]the state structure and I am[br]41:56[br]to 'em region even more fundamental change how humans interact on the global[br]42:00[br]level[br]42:01[br]so while we could[br]42:04[br]and may replace the state's I am[br]42:10[br]I really like roads one of the things that we often[br]42:14[br]end up doing and especially in the gay community[br]42:17[br]we will end up building technologies which will they sort of mostly work[br]42:22[br]um that doesn't cut it for water systems that doesn't cut it for a lot of the[br]42:26[br]stuff that keeps us alive[br]42:30[br]I don't think it is unreasonable to start the project if trying to replace[br]42:33[br]the state I'd[br]42:34[br]I definitely don't but we need to make sure that we get it right[br]42:39[br]because if you fucked that one up too badly things get really really horrific[br]42:43[br]I completely agree but I am I was just[br]42:47[br]I thought this song was a bit focus on the state love is safe for me is just[br]42:50[br]another technology[br]42:52[br]and this state is the technology that has kept most humans alive[br]42:57[br]foremost recorded history so it's unreasonable to spend a certain amount[br]43:01[br]of time on it[br]43:14[br]thank you[br]43:15[br]thank you for bringing talk um basically from you[br]43:18[br]parts down to this so instead of a question[br]43:22[br]people don't be scared be prepare[br]43:25[br]repaired don't be predictable take questions are[br]43:32[br]short answer the question mark and put into this quiet down some boats[br]43:36[br]good people watching this team are complaining about older college because[br]43:40[br]the lawyers have people and singer leaving[br]43:42[br]so I the common take a seat be quiet or just leave[br]43:46[br]thank you know an expression lip balm most question[br]43:49[br]that overtime yes sir actually[br]43:52[br]I am afraid I am very very afraid because[br]43:56[br]I feel like we're walking on a very very thin line because the[br]44:00[br]action that that we take could easily tip[br]44:03[br]what whatever will happen a lucky in the[br]44:07[br]papal what what we want to what we don't want and I feel like even when I look[br]44:11[br]back within his history[br]44:12[br]it's never been like this that that I basically when it tried to create[br]44:17[br]something I might[br]44:18[br]later wake up in like it a scene of a dystopian movie[br]44:21[br]where all I have created end up destroying all that I love so[br]44:25[br]how can I not be afraid so I think that was always true[br]44:30[br]yet but you're gonna be dead before it happens[br]44:34[br]dawson's on[br]44:38[br]%ah tell you layup treetop for its harbour[br]44:43[br]I is a guy who dedicated his life to inventing as many horrific[br]44:47[br]chemical weapons as he could and along the way he worked out nitrogen-fixing[br]44:51[br]which is why we have all these people and I[br]44:57[br]and what's really interesting about that to me things like for toppers while[br]45:01[br]people I keep in mind I think to some degree we have to let go[br]45:04[br]the fear because we will never actually control the gutter ill we do in the[br]45:07[br]world we can not we can push we can hope but at the end[br]45:11[br]if the most I amazing ugg boots you human life[br]45:16[br]came from a guy who was trying to invent chemical weapons[br]45:19[br]we really I no one's driving this crazy train[br]45:23[br]you okay thank you very much[br]45:27[br]on the

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000