[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.00,0:00:02.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hey guys, I'm Faheedah and today
Dialogue: 0,0:00:02.64,0:00:04.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we're going to be talking \N
Dialogue: 0,0:00:04.17,0:00:15.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about the African diaspora in Brazil
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.47,0:00:16.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{Music}
Dialogue: 0,0:00:16.47,0:00:19.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Did you know that Brazil has the biggest
Dialogue: 0,0:00:19.05,0:00:22.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,African Diaspora Community
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.14,0:00:23.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,outside of Africa.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.36,0:00:24.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the 2010 census shows
Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.36,0:00:25.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that for the first time;
Dialogue: 0,0:00:25.88,0:00:26.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the majority of
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.88,0:00:28.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Brazillian population
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.56,0:00:31.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,identified as afro-descendant.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:31.71,0:00:33.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,50.7% of Brazilians the equivalent of over
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.81,0:00:37.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a hundred million people self-identified
Dialogue: 0,0:00:37.02,0:00:39.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as black or mixed-race. The statistics
Dialogue: 0,0:00:41.46,0:00:44.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm about to give you are truly staggering
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.28,0:00:45.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The trans-atlantic slave
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.50,0:00:48.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,trade as we know it began when the
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.57,0:00:53.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Portugese completed the first
Dialogue: 0,0:00:53.22,0:00:56.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,trans-atlantic voyage to Brazil in 1526.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.58,0:00:57.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,From 1501 to 1866,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.87,0:01:00.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an estimated 4.9 million enslaved Africans
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.96,0:01:03.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were trafficked to Brazil. That's nearly
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.33,0:01:05.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,40% of all slave traded in the
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.04,0:01:06.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,trans-atlantic slave trade
Dialogue: 0,0:01:06.48,0:01:08.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and at least four times the number of
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.85,0:01:10.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,slaves that were trafficked to
Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.44,0:01:13.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the United States. Brazil was last country
Dialogue: 0,0:01:13.77,0:01:15.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the Western Hemisphere to abolish
Dialogue: 0,0:01:15.66,0:01:17.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,slaver in 1888. Slave labour was
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.88,0:01:20.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the driving force behind several key
Dialogue: 0,0:01:20.49,0:01:23.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,industries in Brazil including sugar
Dialogue: 0,0:01:23.13,0:01:25.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,production, golden diamond, mining, coffee
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.83,0:01:28.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,production and agriculture.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:28.05,0:01:30.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,maroon settlements could Columbus the
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.39,0:01:32.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,most famous of which was Palumbo dos
Dialogue: 0,0:01:32.34,0:01:34.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,palmares which existed for most of the
Dialogue: 0,0:01:34.80,0:01:37.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,17th century it was a relatively large
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.62,0:01:39.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Colombo with a population of several
Dialogue: 0,0:01:39.87,0:01:41.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,thousand escaped slaves and indigenous
Dialogue: 0,0:01:41.91,0:01:43.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people who formed a complex and
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.95,0:01:46.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,structured society at its height it had
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.71,0:01:49.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a population of 30,000 people and
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.20,0:01:52.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,spanned over eleven villages occupying a
Dialogue: 0,0:01:52.11,0:01:54.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,landmass the size of Portugal the most
Dialogue: 0,0:01:54.81,0:01:56.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,famous afro-brazilian slave resistance
Dialogue: 0,0:01:56.76,0:01:59.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,leader was zombie the last king of
Dialogue: 0,0:01:59.40,0:02:01.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,palmares who led the fierce
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.26,0:02:03.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,counter-attack against the Portuguese
Dialogue: 0,0:02:03.12,0:02:05.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,forces trying to seize the Colombo
Dialogue: 0,0:02:05.34,0:02:07.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,although the settlement was captured in
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.52,0:02:10.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,1695 and zombie was decapitated
Dialogue: 0,0:02:10.65,0:02:12.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,today he is a powerful symbol of
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.82,0:02:14.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,assistance against slavery in Brazil and
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.83,0:02:18.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Portuguese colonial rule to this day the
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.01,0:02:20.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,descendants of Africa's ilion's living
Dialogue: 0,0:02:20.14,0:02:22.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in Colombo settlements fight for the
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.36,0:02:25.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,right to their ancestral land in 2018
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.78,0:02:28.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the first time a Colombo community
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.06,0:02:30.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was given land titles when the cash
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.25,0:02:32.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,weighed a pathetic immunity of 500
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.56,0:02:36.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people was formally granted 220,000
Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.40,0:02:39.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hectares of Amazonian rainforest a key
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.13,0:02:41.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,turning point was the Haitian Revolution
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.26,0:02:43.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which ended in 1804 whereby the
Dialogue: 0,0:02:43.81,0:02:45.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,afro-descendant population of Haiti
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.79,0:02:47.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rebelled against the white French elites
Dialogue: 0,0:02:47.92,0:02:50.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and claimed their independence both from
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.44,0:02:52.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,French colonial rule and their European
Dialogue: 0,0:02:52.84,0:02:55.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,slave masters this sent shockwaves
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.15,0:02:57.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,across Latin America which were felt as
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.70,0:03:00.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,far as Brazil some afro-brazilians even
Dialogue: 0,0:03:00.67,0:03:02.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,wore portraits of Haitian revolutionary
Dialogue: 0,0:03:02.71,0:03:04.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,leader jean-jacques the saloon in
Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.51,0:03:07.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,pendants around their necks however
Dialogue: 0,0:03:07.06,0:03:09.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,after the collapse of the sugar industry
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.22,0:03:10.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in Haiti
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.15,0:03:12.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was Brazil that catered to the
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.28,0:03:14.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,increased demand for sugar enslaved
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.77,0:03:16.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Africans continued to be imported in
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.99,0:03:18.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,large numbers to the region of by air
Dialogue: 0,0:03:18.91,0:03:21.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the Haitian Revolution onwards
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.31,0:03:23.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,slave rebellions became more frequent
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.68,0:03:26.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and more brutal the largest rebellion
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.20,0:03:29.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,occurred in 1835 in salvador and was
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.11,0:03:31.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,known as the male uprising it was
Dialogue: 0,0:03:31.39,0:03:33.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,orchestrated by African born Muslim
Dialogue: 0,0:03:33.55,0:03:35.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,slaves who intended to free all of the
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.53,0:03:36.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,slaves in Bahia
Dialogue: 0,0:03:36.76,0:03:39.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,however the rebellion was crushed and
Dialogue: 0,0:03:39.04,0:03:41.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,many participants were arrested executed
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.65,0:03:44.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,flogged or deported relations were tense
Dialogue: 0,0:03:44.65,0:03:46.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,between enslaved Africans who had
Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.57,0:03:49.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,recently been imported and the enslaved
Dialogue: 0,0:03:49.03,0:03:51.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Africa's ilion's who had been born into
Dialogue: 0,0:03:51.16,0:03:53.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,slavery on Brazilian soil the
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.29,0:03:55.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,afro-brazilians were comprised of blacks
Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.24,0:03:57.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and mulattoes who were mixed with the
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.10,0:03:59.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,European ancestry of their slave masters
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.26,0:04:01.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they were treated better were more
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.48,0:04:03.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,likely to be emancipated often because
Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.79,0:04:05.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they were the slave masters children and
Dialogue: 0,0:04:05.71,0:04:07.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,had great opportunity for social
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.54,0:04:09.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mobility once they had been freed in
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.52,0:04:12.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fact it was not uncommon for wealthy
Dialogue: 0,0:04:12.19,0:04:14.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,free blacks and mulattoes in Brazil to
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.14,0:04:16.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have slaves of their own it was arguably
Dialogue: 0,0:04:16.39,0:04:18.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these internal divisions that held the
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.67,0:04:21.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,enslaved population back from staging a
Dialogue: 0,0:04:21.07,0:04:23.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,successful revolt although Brazil gained
Dialogue: 0,0:04:23.53,0:04:25.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,its independence from Portugal in 80
Dialogue: 0,0:04:25.45,0:04:28.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,22 slavery wasn't formally abolished
Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.09,0:04:31.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,until 1888 when Princess Isabel of
Dialogue: 0,0:04:31.21,0:04:33.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Brazil passed the lay area the golden
Dialogue: 0,0:04:33.70,0:04:34.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,act
Dialogue: 0,0:04:34.24,0:04:36.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this made Brazil the last country in the
Dialogue: 0,0:04:36.52,0:04:38.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Western Hemisphere to abolish slavery
Dialogue: 0,0:04:38.32,0:04:40.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the sheer amount of slaves that had been
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.90,0:04:42.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,trafficked to Brazil during the slavery
Dialogue: 0,0:04:42.70,0:04:44.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,era meant that the Brazilian population
Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.83,0:04:46.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was now majority black and
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.75,0:04:48.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,afro-descendant at a time when
Dialogue: 0,0:04:48.88,0:04:51.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,scientific racism was gaining popularity
Dialogue: 0,0:04:51.03,0:04:53.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Brazilian government sought to
Dialogue: 0,0:04:53.50,0:04:55.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whiten the racial profile of the country
Dialogue: 0,0:04:55.69,0:04:58.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it implemented a tactical whitening
Dialogue: 0,0:04:58.18,0:05:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whereby from the late 1800s to the early
Dialogue: 0,0:05:01.00,0:05:03.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,1900s Brazil encouraged and even
Dialogue: 0,0:05:03.82,0:05:05.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,subsidized the mass influx of white
Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.98,0:05:08.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,European immigrants to Brazil the
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.32,0:05:09.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,countries with the highest numbers
Dialogue: 0,0:05:09.91,0:05:11.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,settling in Brazil were Italians
Dialogue: 0,0:05:11.92,0:05:14.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Portuguese and Spanish although this
Dialogue: 0,0:05:14.59,0:05:16.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,didn't eradicate blackness from Brazil
Dialogue: 0,0:05:16.63,0:05:18.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it reinforced the trope that whiteness
Dialogue: 0,0:05:18.97,0:05:21.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,should be aspired to and that marrying
Dialogue: 0,0:05:21.04,0:05:22.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,someone whiter was an instrument of
Dialogue: 0,0:05:22.96,0:05:26.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,social mobility in the 20th century the
Dialogue: 0,0:05:26.05,0:05:28.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,black movement in Brazil gained momentum
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.00,0:05:31.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a defining moment was in 1931 when the
Dialogue: 0,0:05:31.60,0:05:34.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,French ii- Brazil ADA was formed the
Dialogue: 0,0:05:34.30,0:05:36.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,first black political party in Brazil
Dialogue: 0,0:05:36.24,0:05:39.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,organized by our Linda Vega dos Santos
Dialogue: 0,0:05:39.28,0:05:41.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the party put forward candidates for
Dialogue: 0,0:05:41.62,0:05:43.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,political office run literacy classes
Dialogue: 0,0:05:43.90,0:05:46.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,health clinics and legal services for
Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.42,0:05:48.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,black communities across Brazil they
Dialogue: 0,0:05:48.67,0:05:50.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,also published a newspaper called avoid
Dialogue: 0,0:05:50.92,0:05:53.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ste Haase which circulated news about
Dialogue: 0,0:05:53.41,0:05:55.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,black communities both in Brazil and
Dialogue: 0,0:05:55.45,0:05:57.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,overseas the party was short-lived
Dialogue: 0,0:05:57.70,0:06:00.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,however when in 1937 the Brazilian
Dialogue: 0,0:06:00.79,0:06:03.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dictator J Tulio Vargas dissolved all
Dialogue: 0,0:06:03.52,0:06:06.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,political parties from the 1950s onwards
Dialogue: 0,0:06:06.58,0:06:08.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there were a number of black social
Dialogue: 0,0:06:08.50,0:06:10.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,movements in Brazil they lobbied for
Dialogue: 0,0:06:10.30,0:06:13.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,black rights one of the most famous was
Dialogue: 0,0:06:13.03,0:06:15.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the unified black movement also known as
Dialogue: 0,0:06:15.37,0:06:18.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the M nu founded in 1978 which is
Dialogue: 0,0:06:18.82,0:06:20.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,arguably the most influential black
Dialogue: 0,0:06:20.77,0:06:22.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,organization in Brazil in the second
Dialogue: 0,0:06:22.78,0:06:25.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,half of the 20th century among things
Dialogue: 0,0:06:25.27,0:06:27.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the organization spoke out against
Dialogue: 0,0:06:27.34,0:06:29.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,police brutality the oppression of black
Dialogue: 0,0:06:29.62,0:06:31.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,women and discrimination against the
Dialogue: 0,0:06:31.83,0:06:36.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,LGBTQ community in 1995 the M nu helped
Dialogue: 0,0:06:36.40,0:06:38.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,organize the march for zombie
Dialogue: 0,0:06:38.06,0:06:40.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the capital of Brasilia the event
Dialogue: 0,0:06:40.40,0:06:42.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,protested racism in Brazil and also
Dialogue: 0,0:06:42.77,0:06:44.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,celebrated the anniversary of the death
Dialogue: 0,0:06:44.84,0:06:47.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of zombie the slave resistance leader
Dialogue: 0,0:06:47.09,0:06:48.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who was the last king of the Colombo dos
Dialogue: 0,0:06:48.98,0:06:52.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,palmares with a turnout of over 40,000
Dialogue: 0,0:06:52.31,0:06:54.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people it was the largest national black
Dialogue: 0,0:06:54.65,0:06:57.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,demonstration in Brazil in recent years
Dialogue: 0,0:06:57.41,0:06:59.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,social media has played a pivotal role
Dialogue: 0,0:06:59.54,0:07:01.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in black political activism in Brazil
Dialogue: 0,0:07:01.82,0:07:04.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,particularly amongst afro-brazilian
Dialogue: 0,0:07:04.07,0:07:06.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Millennials social media platforms such
Dialogue: 0,0:07:06.47,0:07:09.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as YouTube Instagram and Facebook have
Dialogue: 0,0:07:09.11,0:07:11.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,allowed afro-brazilians to connect and
Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.15,0:07:13.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mobilize online social media provides a
Dialogue: 0,0:07:13.94,0:07:15.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,forum to discuss the collective struggle
Dialogue: 0,0:07:15.74,0:07:18.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but crucially it has also allowed the
Dialogue: 0,0:07:18.14,0:07:20.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dissemination of photos and video
Dialogue: 0,0:07:20.03,0:07:22.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,footage showing police brutality against
Dialogue: 0,0:07:22.55,0:07:23.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,afro-brazilians
Dialogue: 0,0:07:23.54,0:07:25.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one such example is the murder of
Dialogue: 0,0:07:25.73,0:07:28.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Claudia the Silva fajita who passed away
Dialogue: 0,0:07:28.43,0:07:31.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in 2014 after a police van dragged her
Dialogue: 0,0:07:31.88,0:07:33.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,down the road for over a thousand feet
Dialogue: 0,0:07:33.86,0:07:36.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the grisly incident was captured on
Dialogue: 0,0:07:36.17,0:07:38.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,camera and circulated on social media
Dialogue: 0,0:07:38.39,0:07:41.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sparking national outrage the black
Dialogue: 0,0:07:41.36,0:07:43.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,lives matter movement in particular
Dialogue: 0,0:07:43.04,0:07:45.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,gained traction with afro-brazilian
Dialogue: 0,0:07:45.11,0:07:47.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,youths who coined the hashtag vidas
Dialogue: 0,0:07:47.51,0:07:49.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,import them the fact an
Dialogue: 0,0:07:49.67,0:07:51.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,unprecedented number of people
Dialogue: 0,0:07:51.62,0:07:53.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,self-identified as black and mixed-race
Dialogue: 0,0:07:53.93,0:07:57.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the 2010 Brazilian census shows that
Dialogue: 0,0:07:57.35,0:07:59.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Brazilians are prouder and more willing
Dialogue: 0,0:07:59.51,0:08:01.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to claim their African heritage than
Dialogue: 0,0:08:01.25,0:08:02.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ever before
Dialogue: 0,0:08:02.27,0:08:04.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,however the census also brought to light
Dialogue: 0,0:08:04.64,0:08:06.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the grave disparities between the
Dialogue: 0,0:08:06.47,0:08:08.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,distribution of wealth amongst white and
Dialogue: 0,0:08:08.60,0:08:10.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,afro-descendant Brazilians the
Dialogue: 0,0:08:10.76,0:08:12.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,socio-economic gap between white and
Dialogue: 0,0:08:12.83,0:08:16.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,black Brazilians persists the 2010
Dialogue: 0,0:08:16.07,0:08:18.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,census found that in major cities white
Dialogue: 0,0:08:18.74,0:08:21.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Brazilians earn 2 to 3 times more than
Dialogue: 0,0:08:21.14,0:08:23.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their black counterparts the wealthiest
Dialogue: 0,0:08:23.48,0:08:26.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,strata of Brazilian society remains 82%
Dialogue: 0,0:08:26.57,0:08:30.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,white and the poorest rata is 76 percent
Dialogue: 0,0:08:30.14,0:08:32.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,black afro Brazilians have far less
Dialogue: 0,0:08:32.66,0:08:35.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,access to quality education health care
Dialogue: 0,0:08:35.21,0:08:37.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or fair wages and they are
Dialogue: 0,0:08:37.19,0:08:39.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,underrepresented in the government the
Dialogue: 0,0:08:39.41,0:08:41.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,most prominent African derive religions
Dialogue: 0,0:08:41.63,0:08:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in Brazil are candomble a and Amanda
Dialogue: 0,0:08:44.00,0:08:46.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Amanda centers on the belief in spirits
Dialogue: 0,0:08:46.67,0:08:49.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,both good and evil can delay is derived
Dialogue: 0,0:08:49.67,0:08:50.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the belief
Dialogue: 0,0:08:50.37,0:08:52.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,systems of a number of African ethnic
Dialogue: 0,0:08:52.32,0:08:55.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,groups particularly Yoruba fun and Bantu
Dialogue: 0,0:08:55.31,0:08:57.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,similar to the arisia of Santeria
Dialogue: 0,0:08:57.66,0:08:59.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,practiced in Cuba and other regions the
Dialogue: 0,0:08:59.82,0:09:01.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,deities of candomble a are called the
Dialogue: 0,0:09:01.98,0:09:04.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Orisha over time they have become
Dialogue: 0,0:09:04.14,0:09:06.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,syncretized with Roman Catholic saints
Dialogue: 0,0:09:06.33,0:09:08.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this dates back to when enslaved
Dialogue: 0,0:09:08.34,0:09:10.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Africans were forbidden by the European
Dialogue: 0,0:09:10.44,0:09:12.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,masters for practicing their African
Dialogue: 0,0:09:12.36,0:09:14.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,religions and so had to do so in secret
Dialogue: 0,0:09:14.79,0:09:17.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,under the guise of praying to Catholic
Dialogue: 0,0:09:17.01,0:09:19.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,saints because of the historical ties
Dialogue: 0,0:09:19.23,0:09:21.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,between kin Bombay and Catholicism
Dialogue: 0,0:09:21.57,0:09:24.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Catholicism is also widely practiced
Dialogue: 0,0:09:24.03,0:09:25.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,amongst afro-brazilians
Dialogue: 0,0:09:25.47,0:09:28.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one afro-descendants Saint venerated in
Dialogue: 0,0:09:28.29,0:09:31.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Brazil is ask Rafa and Aspasia a slave
Dialogue: 0,0:09:31.02,0:09:33.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,woman of African descent who is depicted
Dialogue: 0,0:09:33.15,0:09:35.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,wearing a metal facemask the story goes
Dialogue: 0,0:09:35.55,0:09:37.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that her master's wife accused her of
Dialogue: 0,0:09:37.50,0:09:39.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,flirting with her husband and as a
Dialogue: 0,0:09:39.60,0:09:41.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,punishment force her to wear an iron
Dialogue: 0,0:09:41.61,0:09:43.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mask over her face for the rest of her
Dialogue: 0,0:09:43.41,0:09:45.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,life until she died from tetanus from
Dialogue: 0,0:09:45.90,0:09:47.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the rusty metal the biggest
Dialogue: 0,0:09:47.85,0:09:50.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,afro-brazilian festival is the festival
Dialogue: 0,0:09:50.10,0:09:53.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of Yemanja celebrated every february 2nd
Dialogue: 0,0:09:53.40,0:09:55.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in heal Vermeil the festival brings
Dialogue: 0,0:09:55.92,0:09:57.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,together members of several religions
Dialogue: 0,0:09:57.66,0:10:00.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,including Catholics and practitioners of
Dialogue: 0,0:10:00.21,0:10:02.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the afro-brazilian religions can Don
Dialogue: 0,0:10:02.07,0:10:04.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Blake and Amanda Yemanja
Dialogue: 0,0:10:04.29,0:10:06.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is the arisia of the sieve and loosely
Dialogue: 0,0:10:06.54,0:10:08.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,corresponds to the Cuban or Isha
Dialogue: 0,0:10:08.25,0:10:11.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yemaya it is custom to lay offerings for
Dialogue: 0,0:10:11.01,0:10:13.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the goddess of flowers jewelry and food
Dialogue: 0,0:10:13.47,0:10:16.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and of course resin is famous for its
Dialogue: 0,0:10:16.44,0:10:18.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,carnival around Mardi Gras there are
Dialogue: 0,0:10:18.54,0:10:20.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,celebrations across the country but the
Dialogue: 0,0:10:20.73,0:10:22.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,most famous is hosted in Rio de Janeiro
Dialogue: 0,0:10:22.98,0:10:25.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for over 5 million people participate in
Dialogue: 0,0:10:25.80,0:10:28.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the street parties one key element of
Dialogue: 0,0:10:28.47,0:10:30.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Carnival is the Samba music and
Dialogue: 0,0:10:30.39,0:10:32.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dance a clear vestige of African
Dialogue: 0,0:10:32.64,0:10:35.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,influence in Brazilian culture the fast
Dialogue: 0,0:10:35.13,0:10:37.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,footwork of Samba dancing originated in
Dialogue: 0,0:10:37.50,0:10:39.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the dancers practiced by the enslaved
Dialogue: 0,0:10:39.24,0:10:41.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Africans who were trafficked to Brazil
Dialogue: 0,0:10:41.13,0:10:43.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the singing style is derived from
Dialogue: 0,0:10:43.29,0:10:45.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the traditional call-and-response style
Dialogue: 0,0:10:45.00,0:10:46.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Africans would use to evoke the
Dialogue: 0,0:10:46.80,0:10:48.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,orishas during religious ceremonies
Dialogue: 0,0:10:48.74,0:10:51.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,another afro-brazilian style of dance is
Dialogue: 0,0:10:51.60,0:10:54.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,capoeira which combines martial arts
Dialogue: 0,0:10:54.06,0:10:55.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,moves with elements of dance and
Dialogue: 0,0:10:55.74,0:10:57.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,acrobatics to create graceful and
Dialogue: 0,0:10:57.93,0:11:00.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,flowing sequences it's originated
Dialogue: 0,0:11:00.33,0:11:01.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,amongst enslaved Africans
Dialogue: 0,0:11:01.74,0:11:03.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Raziel who sought to hone their combat
Dialogue: 0,0:11:03.60,0:11:05.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,skills without arousing the suspicions
Dialogue: 0,0:11:05.52,0:11:08.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of their masters in 2014 it was declared
Dialogue: 0,0:11:08.82,0:11:10.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an expression of intangible cultural
Dialogue: 0,0:11:10.14,0:11:12.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,heritage by UNESCO
Dialogue: 0,0:11:12.03,0:11:14.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the afro-brazilian Museum located in San
Dialogue: 0,0:11:14.67,0:11:17.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Paolo is home to over 6,000 works
Dialogue: 0,0:11:17.37,0:11:19.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,pertaining to a per bazillion history
Dialogue: 0,0:11:19.62,0:11:22.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,culture and heritage it seeks to
Dialogue: 0,0:11:22.02,0:11:24.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,celebrate the arts and accomplishments
Dialogue: 0,0:11:24.00,0:11:26.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of Africans and Africa's ilion's and is
Dialogue: 0,0:11:26.43,0:11:28.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the largest collection of artifacts of
Dialogue: 0,0:11:28.32,0:11:31.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,African descent in Latin America black
Dialogue: 0,0:11:31.23,0:11:33.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Awareness Day has been celebrated
Dialogue: 0,0:11:33.06,0:11:35.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,annually in Brazil since the Year 1960
Dialogue: 0,0:11:35.61,0:11:38.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's held on November 20th to honor the
Dialogue: 0,0:11:38.34,0:11:40.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,life of our Brazilian slave resistance
Dialogue: 0,0:11:40.20,0:11:43.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fighter zombie famous afro-brazilians
Dialogue: 0,0:11:43.44,0:11:45.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,include the footballers Pele and
Dialogue: 0,0:11:45.30,0:11:48.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ronaldinho the scholar and politician of
Dialogue: 0,0:11:48.09,0:11:51.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,gs the Nascimento actresses aermotor and
Dialogue: 0,0:11:51.48,0:11:54.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the politician benedita de silva he
Dialogue: 0,0:11:54.27,0:11:55.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,became the first black woman in the
Dialogue: 0,0:11:55.80,0:11:58.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Brazilian center that brings me to the
Dialogue: 0,0:11:58.02,0:12:00.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,end of our video on the African Diaspora
Dialogue: 0,0:12:00.12,0:12:02.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in Brazil for more videos don't forget
Dialogue: 0,0:12:02.49,0:12:04.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to subscribe and follow me on instagram
Dialogue: 0,0:12:04.71,0:12:06.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at freedom is mine official I'll see you
Dialogue: 0,0:12:06.99,0:12:10.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the next video
Dialogue: 0,0:12:10.84,0:12:19.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Music]