WEBVTT
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preroll music
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Herald Angel: Welcome back to the hacc stage
this year on the remote Congress three. We
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are here again to host you an amazing
talk: How proprietary IP and copyright
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models failed society and what we can do
about it by Mario. He will be talking
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about some examples where IP or the
current IP system failed us. And I think
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in general, a lot of people would agree
that not everyone is content with how IP
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works today. So I have nothing more to add
to this. And I give my voice over to
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Mario.
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Mario Behling: Thank you very much. This has been
a very kind introduction and I appreciate
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the support of the entire team and
community. And I'm happy to give this talk
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here today. It's a question that really
concerns me for many years, honestly, more
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than 20 years since I started my journey
in the open source, in the free software
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and the open hardware community. And yeah,
I have quite a few things to share. And so
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but before I talk about all these problems
that we see, especially this year, I want
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to talk about the positives, my experience
over many years, how open systems can
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benefit society and people's lives. And I
want to talk about what I experienced and
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where I connected to people first, because
for me, this is kind of proof that open
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systems can work and that they are ready
to be the mainstream in society. So
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shortly about myself, I'm working here in
Berlin with my company, OpenTec. I lived
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many years in Asia and usually I spend
still a lot of time in Asia every year.
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And actually I stayed there until April.
And when I came back at the beginning of
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the Corona crisis, then to Germany to be
close to my parents and I love learning
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languages so on, not only into tech,
always had this excitement, the kind of
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inspiration when I meet people from other
countries and try to speak their
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languages. And yeah, that's what I really
love. And people don't believe it
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sometimes when they see my photo in the
driver's license where I have long hair
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and I used to play in a rock band. So
that's also in my life. And yeah, I
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believe in open tech as a solution for
many of our global problems. So in 2006,
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for example, I started a journey with a
mesh network community here. And I would
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like to share something that I did there
that I hope to inspire others. And it's a
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video which I want to show you a few
seconds here, to get you into the mood. So
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let me quickly switch to the video. And
here it's from Flo Fleißig and one video
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that I created at that time.
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Video: singing Flo Fleißig, Flo Fleißig,
Flo Fleißig olala. Flo Fleißig, Flo Fleißig,
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Flo Fleißig olala.
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Ich bin Florian, und das ist meine neue
Wohnung. Wir sind gerade hier eingezogen.
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Und, ich hab kein Internet. Jedenfalls
hatte ich keins. Aber in Berlin gibts ja
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Leute, die verschenken Internet. Und das
Allerbeste? Es kommt auch noch durch die
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Luft. Und ich zeig' euch wie.
Kommt mal mit. Hier ist mein
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Wohnzimmer. Kommt rein, kommt rein. Na,
wie sehen die Schuhe aus? Gut. Und das ist
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mein Computer. Und der brauchte Internet.
Und wo kommt das her? Erst mal aus nem
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Kabel. Und das Kabel geht durch die Decke.
So, kommt mit, ich zeig euch wo das hin
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führt. Das ist meine Dachterasse. Und von
hier komm ich immer aufs Dach. Kommt
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schon, kommt schon! Von hier aus kann man
über ganz Berlin gucken. Da hinten ist der
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Fernsehturm. Da kommt mein Internet aber
nicht her. Guckt mal, hier kommt mein
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Kabel raus. Und das geht in ne Tupperbox
da unten. Und da kommt noch Strom hin und
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dann kommt noch 'n anderes Kabel raus
Mario: And I don't want to show the entire
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video. But I want to give you an example.
What I did and how I got into the
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community, how I got excited. So in, for
example, for the free wireless mesh
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community. And I kind of forgot that it
was German, I was switching it in. But
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it's about a guy who gets the Internet
through Wi-Fi, who uses open source
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software, uses networks and like as much
as possible open things, and then like it
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creates a network, participates in a
network and so on. We make videos about
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Wikipedia and so on. So actually, that was
a pretty exciting time because it just
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seemed everything's possible. People were
talking about blogging, changing the media
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and so on. So, yeah, looking back from
2020, it seems kind of like a utopian time
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where we thought so many things are
possible. And then we had like many events
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here called The Wizards of OS, and they
happened like every two years at that
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time. And I was excited. So I went there.
And one year I also got the chance to help
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with the press there. So I met a lot of
the drivers of that time there. So, for
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example, like here in this slide, we see
Volker Grassmuck who organized the
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Wizards of OS, with a team and with a
community. And some people we welcomed
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back then were Jimmy Wales, Lawrence
Lessig. And yeah, that was a really cool
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time with all these people came from all
over the world. And like everything seemed
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possible and and we changed it. So and at
that time, I also, of course, made a video
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with Lawrence Lessig and. Yeah. And he
said something very important for me. It
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is extraordinarily important to have
openness really in every layer of the
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network. The physical infrastructure needs
to have open and free resources, the
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logical and the application needs to be
open and the content layer too has to be
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opened. These things work together to
encourage a wide range of innovation and
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creativity. This just sounded so cool to
me. Everything just needs to be open. And
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yeah, I believe in this until today. And I
see that people around the world and also
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I personally, we have a lot of benefits
through open things. So I finished
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universities then and I wanted to do good.
So I worked in some projects, for example,
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here in Berlin at the TU Berlin, where we
trained Afghans. And I also then had the
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chance to go to Afghanistan with a
position in the Foreign Ministry, they
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funded like some training programs in
Afghanistan. And I went there and yeah,
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that was really cool so I could help
people in the university. We were training
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there. We were doing like presentations,
lectures and so on in the university over
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a period of one year and also worked with
the Goethe institute. Later on I met a
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guy who like crazy from crazy way to think
of it. He started his company in Afghanistan
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and then he collaborated with all kinds of
organization and projects. And at that
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time we got in contact with the one laptop
per child project and we ended up to
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distribute 10,000 OLPCs, the XO laptops in
Afghanistan, but not just distributing
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them. What we actually did is we set up
and networks there so the kids could have
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access to knowledge from the Internet to
Wikipedia. And we even like did all this,
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like we installed a localized Wikipedia
version on a computer. And so you didn't
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have to go all the way to the Internet.
The Internet connection was bad, right,
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like you can imagine, for example, in
Jalalabad, it was really difficult to get
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a good Internet connection. So we set up
like a local server on a Eee PC at that
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time and with like kind of stripped down
version of Wikipedia. And then we had our
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local network there. So. Right. I mean.
Whatever we always talk about we actually really
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tried to make it happen and we did it and
and there were so many more ideas at that
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time. I mean, for example, the Goethe
institute, I had proposed to them back in
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2006, to make a content management system
or a wiki or something like that and
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collect educational materials. And I
thought, like, maybe we could have one or
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two people at the Goethe institute working
on educational materials instead of like
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selling books to kids. And, you know, all
this thing where you have to, like,
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distribute books around the world and so
on. I thought, like, we can do so much.
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And why not start with a German institute?
Unfortunately, already 2006, there wasn't
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any positive feedback. They said, oh,
that's really nice. They wanted to hire me
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right away as for their development
team to to take care of their website, but
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actually I was always interested in
creating open knowledge. And yeah,
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unfortunately, until today, we still have
the problem that the digital divide is
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here right now in in Germany. And yeah,
it's still not there. So unfortunately, no
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progress when I first proposed that 2006
to the Goethe institute. So I stayed
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longer in Asia and later on I went to
Singapore, then to Vietnam, and I started
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a company in Vietnam. We did kind of Linux
systems for the Swiss post. And so that
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was nice, right? I mean, you could earn
income with open source. Fantastic. And we
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had this idea to connect with the global
community. There was always this feeling
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that we are a bit disconnected. Yeah. I
mean, we're in Asia, we see all these
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things happening online and somehow we
don't meet these developers that we
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usually meet at conferences, for example,
in Europe. So we thought we are in Asia.
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It's not just me I'm talking about we,
because, of course, you're always
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embedded. You always meet friends,
developers, designers, a lot of
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community people. So we thought, like,
let's make a event in Asia and here in
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Vietnam and we love FOSS and let's call it
fossasia then because we are in Asia. And
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yeah over the years we developed different
activities and different streams here,
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fossasia.org, where we of course then
develop software and hardware. I mean if
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you have events and when you have events,
I mean then you meet other people and they
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have cool ideas, you have cool ideas. But
it's not that you only talk about it, you
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actually do it. You open a GitHub
repository, for example, and then create a
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project and some projects move forward and
yeah, become real and people use it. So
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one of these projects, for example, is
eventyay.com that we use to organize our
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open source events. And then like we also
connect developers, for example, through
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programs like codeheat. So happy to see
you guys there checking it out. And it
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would be great to see you on one of these
platforms. And yeah, a few pictures of
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people who are contributing and we always
have big numbers. Right. And but like,
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it's not just big numbers, of course, like
people come and go. A lot of people
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register but like then they come back.
Some people continuously work over a long
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time. Maybe you see some familiar faces
here from other events. These are a few of
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the contributors in the fossasia
community. So we have a lot of merged pull
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requests. There are 5,000 developers
registered, as I said, big numbers. You
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know, some people stay, some people go.
It's always come and go. But we have a lot
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of activity going on. We have hackathons
and we have a lot of coding programs. So
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back to 2009, then we started to organize
events here with the help of the GNOME
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community we hosted GNOME.Asia. We started
development. And that's what I say, like
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openness, open systems. They really
bring together people to share
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knowledge and, yeah, to build a better
world. And we continued over many years
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here, for example, fossasia Summit 2011,
where we had a mini debconf. And so we
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were very happy to welcome debian
developers from all over the world.
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That was really nice. And we moved to
different places. For example, Phnom Penh
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in 2014 where we were at Norton University.
People again came from many different
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places. So that was really inspiring. And
not just like summits and events here.
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Also we have coding contests and here,
for example, there's an information event
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about coding, about codeheat in India. So
it's not just us, people actually started
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to make their own events without our help,
so that was really lovely to see here in
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India. And yeah, so then I thought, like,
OK, all this free and open source, it's
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working. We have the software. We have
people working on hardware. How about open
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architecture? And it happened that like I
was in Vietnam and we had a small patch of
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land and we had planned to build a house.
And then we said, why not build something
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really nice, like a slightly bigger where
we can also welcome people from the
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community that we can say that we build an
open source business here and we decided
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to build an open source hotel. So
basically a hotel that uses as much as
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possible open source tools and software
and also a hotel that should have like
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follow the idea of ecology. And so we put
on top of the house, for example, water,
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solar panels that are known to be really
efficient. So the entire building is like
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uses hot water through solar panels, for
example. And of course, we use Linux
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system where people can go to into the
Internet. We use openWRT for our network
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and so on. Whatever is possible,
unfortunately, is not entirely possible.
00:16:12.480 --> 00:16:20.959
Because in Vietnam it's also like guests
are usually supervised by the police. So
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the police demands that you install an app
on the hotel computer and when you submit
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every evening which guests are in the
hotel. So that one is the only laptop that
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runs with Windows, there in the building.
Yeah. And that was cool and then I thought
00:16:39.110 --> 00:16:46.780
like but like what's happening in Germany.
So I went to Germany and I met a lot of
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people who were working on knitting. Yeah,
knitting. And then there were
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people who are interested in fashion and
technology and we thought like, why not
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bring these people together? And there was
also there was also a time where some
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disasters happened, for example, in
Bangladesh. And so we had the, there was a
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building that crashed down. A lot of
people died there and so on. So basically.
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That was big in the news and then there
was big in the news that the textile
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industry harms the environment like in
many different ways, especially in those
00:17:29.679 --> 00:17:35.490
emerging countries. So we thought, what
could we do about it? And the TU Berlin
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and Melanie and Andre, few friends here,
they said, let's make it happen. Let's
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let's make an event happen where we
bring some people together. And, yeah, I
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would like to share another video here
with you to give you some impressions from
00:17:50.780 --> 00:17:52.500
that time.
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German TV Narrator: Computer trifft
auf Mode.
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Auf der MeshCon kamen zum ersten Mal
Softwareentwickler, Strickenthusiasten und
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Vertreter der Textil- und Modeindustrie
zusammen. Entwickelt werden unter anderem
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digitale Strickmaschinen als
umweltschonende Konkurrenz für
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Billiganbieter aus Fernost. Ein nur 3€
teurer WLAN-Chip zum Beispiel ins Hemd
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eingenäht, lässt die Kleidung mitdenken.
Mario: Für den Gesundheitssektor ist das
00:18:33.832 --> 00:18:38.070
sehr interessant, denn hier kann man
sehen, wie verschiedene Parameter
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funktionieren. Man kann den Herzschlag
abnehmen, man kann Blutdruck und so weiter
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dann aufzeichnen und direkt per WLAN
übertragen.
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TV Narrator: Ziel der MeshCon ist es,
durch digitale Anwendungen eine
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umweltfreundliche Textilproduktion nach
Deutschland zurückzuholen.
00:18:53.870 --> 00:19:03.470
Mario: So, yeah, right, I mean, like that
was 2014 and again, you might say, well,
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yeah, it's the same topics that we hear
today. I mean, like that's like six years
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later, right? It's "umweltfreundlich",
environment. Right. Environmental friendly
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textile industry. What can we do with
technologies to improve the situation
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here? And yeah, like this is something
that we can do with free and open source
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hardware. And then we had the CCC event
again that year and there Hong Phuc
00:19:29.230 --> 00:19:38.300
presented her like talk about textile
machines. And there was this vision of a
00:19:38.300 --> 00:19:43.200
open textile production line. That's a
huge thing. And we thought, like, let's
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make a revolution for the textile and
garment industry. The system is broken.
00:19:47.580 --> 00:19:52.471
So already 2014 and onwards like we
already knew that the system is broken.
00:19:52.471 --> 00:19:57.850
And it's just the same situation as today.
And there was a video, I think I don't
00:19:57.850 --> 00:20:02.520
have so much time to show this, but we
have our friends from the hackerspace in
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Munich and different ones like in this
video. I recommend you to you to have a
00:20:08.070 --> 00:20:14.520
look online after this session and the
links and slideshow will be provided. But
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it's really amazing what they do. And it
shows that. Like textile production, local
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production is possible with free and open
tools. We just need to develop them into
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the right direction. And of course, it
takes a lot of resources. So that was one
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cool thing. And then we continue our
fossasia events, of course, here at Phnom
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Penh, for example, we had Pravin. Pravin
was from India and he is a physics teacher
00:20:41.320 --> 00:20:46.970
there, and he introduced to us the idea of
a pocket science lab that he could use for
00:20:46.970 --> 00:20:52.590
himself to teach the students. So we
started that project and it's unbelievable
00:20:52.590 --> 00:21:00.410
what we have now achieved in 2020. We now
have a small science lab here and you can
00:21:00.410 --> 00:21:06.560
find more information on pslab.io. And
this science lab is completely open. Here
00:21:06.560 --> 00:21:11.260
you see the board. So you can connect it,
for example, to a computer, you can
00:21:11.260 --> 00:21:15.870
connect it to a smartphone and you can
start to do experiments. There's a lot
00:21:15.870 --> 00:21:20.400
more work to do, but we have already
achieved versions that people all over the
00:21:20.400 --> 00:21:25.460
world can use. And yeah, even you can
connect small robots and learn about this.
00:21:25.460 --> 00:21:31.910
So that's really cool. And this is, again,
a positive vision. And we produce this in
00:21:31.910 --> 00:21:35.500
China. Of course, I always say local
production, but we do what is possible, of
00:21:35.500 --> 00:21:41.900
course, with fossasia. We have a lot of
connections across Asia. So here we
00:21:41.900 --> 00:21:46.919
actually got the knowledge to do this. We
started a small company that facilitated
00:21:46.919 --> 00:21:51.530
the production. So that's all possible.
And then, of course, it's about education.
00:21:51.530 --> 00:21:56.110
Here we see how people like go around in
different places, for example, a
00:21:56.110 --> 00:22:00.190
Hackerspace Maker Fair in Singapore and
so on, and do this. And then another thing
00:22:00.190 --> 00:22:04.830
that we did, I already mentioned
eventyay.com. We now integrated Jitsi and
00:22:04.830 --> 00:22:10.860
Big Blue Button. Again, a positive example
how you can collaborate in the open
00:22:10.860 --> 00:22:14.929
community. They're like completely
different projects. We don't even know
00:22:14.929 --> 00:22:19.330
always the developers, but we can find
their projects online and we can build
00:22:19.330 --> 00:22:26.190
amazing solutions. So of course, like
always, the Chaos Computer Congress here.
00:22:26.190 --> 00:22:32.059
And this is the place where our
contributors here from Europe, but also
00:22:32.059 --> 00:22:35.980
like from Asia, come together.
Unfortunately, this year it's not
00:22:35.980 --> 00:22:43.179
possible. But we're really looking forward
to hang out again with you guys so hello
00:22:43.179 --> 00:22:48.780
here from Berlin right now at the moment
to everyone. So this is a great place to
00:22:48.780 --> 00:22:54.550
meet. So we see amazing things are
possible. And I could give you more
00:22:54.550 --> 00:23:01.290
examples from my own life, like free and
open source technologies and knowledge and
00:23:01.290 --> 00:23:06.550
all these things are possible and they
can be an example. But fast forward to
00:23:06.550 --> 00:23:11.179
today. What are the news that we are
seeing? We are seeing information about
00:23:11.179 --> 00:23:17.780
how proprietary IP and copyright models
fail society every day. And let me go
00:23:17.780 --> 00:23:23.081
through a few news here. So, for example,
here already in March: Everything is
00:23:23.081 --> 00:23:30.510
missing. That was reported on
Süddeutsche.de and it was reported that we
00:23:30.510 --> 00:23:38.780
don't even have like the simplest masks
everywhere. And I have to say now it is
00:23:38.780 --> 00:23:43.920
the end of December, 10 months later. And
still my father went to the pharmacy. He's
00:23:43.920 --> 00:23:49.950
85 years. And what happened? They don't
have masks. Yeah. So this is something
00:23:49.950 --> 00:23:55.440
simple. We are living in a high tech
country here in Germany, but. We don't
00:23:55.440 --> 00:23:59.990
have masks. Yeah, and even the masks that
we have, I mean, like, if I would think
00:23:59.990 --> 00:24:05.690
like 10 months have passed, what high
quality, high tech masks could we have
00:24:05.690 --> 00:24:14.850
possibly now if we bring all our knowledge
together? But it is a market focused
00:24:14.850 --> 00:24:21.880
economy here and a market focused society
that we have a lack to even imagine,
00:24:21.880 --> 00:24:28.549
something that could work with a power of
community. And I was very pleased to see
00:24:28.549 --> 00:24:33.500
here our friends from Potsdam and
Brandenburg here giving a talk at the CCC
00:24:33.500 --> 00:24:39.950
about how they took action and produced
masks themselves. And it's unbelievable
00:24:39.950 --> 00:24:47.560
how actually we rely on citizens to take
the initiative where we have like so much
00:24:47.560 --> 00:24:52.120
money in the economy and businesses and
the government. I mean, like, we really
00:24:52.120 --> 00:24:57.400
need to do and change something here. But
this is just like one example. And I want
00:24:57.400 --> 00:25:04.860
to move forward. Then just a few days ago,
I read this here: our health minister,
00:25:04.860 --> 00:25:13.600
they have the right to... We have patents,
right? Like patents and for... People
00:25:13.600 --> 00:25:20.840
do research and they develop like some
kind of formula. They develop a process.
00:25:20.840 --> 00:25:28.720
And so a lot of companies use patents to
ensure they can earn money with this. But
00:25:28.720 --> 00:25:33.960
what happens if there is a war or if
there's a huge crisis like now the
00:25:33.960 --> 00:25:42.120
pandemic? The government is allowed to
stop this. The government is permitted to
00:25:42.120 --> 00:25:49.020
take the patents and say they're invalid,
for example, for some time, and they can
00:25:49.020 --> 00:25:55.150
use, for example, their power here to
produce more vaccinations right? But how
00:25:55.150 --> 00:26:01.929
long do we have to wait until vaccination
is available for everyone? And I mean, six
00:26:01.929 --> 00:26:07.690
months, one year, and then is it available
for everyone around the world? I mean,
00:26:07.690 --> 00:26:15.850
right now, the vaccination like, it's a
business, right? And the companies that
00:26:15.850 --> 00:26:20.960
create the vaccination, they don't have
any interest commercially to quickly
00:26:20.960 --> 00:26:27.200
vaccinate everyone. I mean, you can read
about it on the Internet everywhere. I'm
00:26:27.200 --> 00:26:33.220
not going into detail here. There was also
a talk about patents here at the CCC. So
00:26:33.220 --> 00:26:42.549
this is another bad example, how we fail
society because of our policies. There was
00:26:42.549 --> 00:26:46.330
also this example in the corona crisis
where some media reported that actually a
00:26:46.330 --> 00:26:57.809
company tried to stop makers here in
Milano in Italy, and these makers had
00:26:57.809 --> 00:27:05.100
produced spare parts for ventilators. And
they were really like running out of
00:27:05.100 --> 00:27:10.720
ventilators. And that was a big problem.
And yeah, this company, of course, didn't
00:27:10.720 --> 00:27:16.059
want to help and they couldn't provide
design files to actually save lives! So
00:27:16.059 --> 00:27:25.690
this is just so sad that copyright and
patents actually, you know, like you can
00:27:25.690 --> 00:27:32.460
only be in a loss of words when you think
about it. It's like people die because of
00:27:32.460 --> 00:27:38.640
these kind of like... Yeah, and we have
this here, patents are dying. So there are
00:27:38.640 --> 00:27:49.020
initiatives that actually mention this and
ask European governments to follow up. So
00:27:49.020 --> 00:27:53.400
then another example like I can, I have a
lot of examples. I don't know if I have
00:27:53.400 --> 00:27:58.059
enough time in this talk. But now let's go
to examples here. The pandemic amplifies
00:27:58.059 --> 00:28:02.720
trouble with restrictive licensing and
text e-books. So, of course, education is
00:28:02.720 --> 00:28:08.000
a big topic like students are at home,
they can't get materials that they need.
00:28:08.000 --> 00:28:13.779
You can find examples all around the
world. And then we have the World
00:28:13.779 --> 00:28:20.440
Intellectual Property Organization here,
WIPO. What are they doing? "Copyright and
00:28:20.440 --> 00:28:24.030
Covid-19: Has WIPO learned nothing from
the pandemic?" are the news that we are
00:28:24.030 --> 00:28:29.870
reading here. So basically they don't want
to change their policies. People don't
00:28:29.870 --> 00:28:34.490
have access to education, to knowledge,.
Even the pandemic they have to stay at
00:28:34.490 --> 00:28:40.450
home and it's just not possible to adjust
the policies. Everything is just for
00:28:40.450 --> 00:28:46.370
copyright. WIPO's missed opportunity to
produce guidance on copyright exceptions
00:28:46.370 --> 00:28:53.630
hits education during pandemic. And here,
for example, a quote from a spokesperson
00:28:53.630 --> 00:28:59.000
for African countries. In light of the
Covid-19 pandemic, never before has the
00:28:59.000 --> 00:29:03.630
subject of copyright limitations and
exceptions been more pertinent for
00:29:03.630 --> 00:29:09.669
educational and research purposes. It is
just so clear, he continues: Open source
00:29:09.669 --> 00:29:15.190
publications on health research are
essential to the common human endeavor to
00:29:15.190 --> 00:29:19.910
find a solution to this global health
challenge. Furthermore, children in
00:29:19.910 --> 00:29:24.650
developing countries have been denied
online access to educational research
00:29:24.650 --> 00:29:29.240
material because of copyright
restrictions. This is just unbelievable.
00:29:29.240 --> 00:29:35.140
It is inhumane to learn about this. And
yeah, why did it take so long before
00:29:35.140 --> 00:29:41.200
reading time arrived to distance learning?
Copyright, of course, is a quote here of
00:29:41.200 --> 00:29:46.840
Mike Masnick that I found online. And he
goes on how like, for example, teachers
00:29:46.840 --> 00:29:53.780
have to get permission to use reading
materials online. And it is just silly if
00:29:53.780 --> 00:29:58.090
you think what he says here. No one would
ever expect that if you walked into a
00:29:58.090 --> 00:30:03.610
kindergarten classroom that a teacher
would first need to get a) a permission to
00:30:03.610 --> 00:30:08.590
read aloud a book and b) state before
reading that he or she had permission from
00:30:08.590 --> 00:30:14.900
the copyright holder. This is happening in
kindergartens, it's just insane. So a lot
00:30:14.900 --> 00:30:19.570
more examples and I will switch a bit
forward because I don't have too much time
00:30:19.570 --> 00:30:26.940
here for the entire thing. What else
happened here this year? The youtube-dl
00:30:26.940 --> 00:30:34.340
source repository went offline. The I...
R...I... RIAA used the same law that stops
00:30:34.340 --> 00:30:39.000
farmers, creators and security researchers
from modifying or repairing devices they
00:30:39.000 --> 00:30:44.730
bought and own from tractors and toasters
or smart speakers and smartphones. And we
00:30:44.730 --> 00:30:49.610
could just go on and I think many of you
remember what happened. They just took off
00:30:49.610 --> 00:30:54.279
a source repository, basically without
rights. And of course, my favorite here:
00:30:54.279 --> 00:30:59.010
Apple. Apple crushes one-man repair shop
in Norway's Supreme Court after a three
00:30:59.010 --> 00:31:04.150
year battle. Maybe some people are
confused. I don't know who's listening. If
00:31:04.150 --> 00:31:07.110
you're listening from Germany, if you're
listening from Australia or any other
00:31:07.110 --> 00:31:13.549
country, you could actually find similar
news everywhere in the world where Apple
00:31:13.549 --> 00:31:20.110
prevents people from repairing their
phones or from making any changes to their
00:31:20.110 --> 00:31:24.610
devices. And think about this in regards
to the environment. Do you think this is
00:31:24.610 --> 00:31:28.770
good? If you can't repair your device and
always have to buy something new?
00:31:28.770 --> 00:31:35.990
Definitely not. The example like the EFF
just referred to it in the same path:
00:31:35.990 --> 00:31:42.250
Farmers fight John Deere over who gets to
fix an 800,000$ tractor. So. John Deere is
00:31:42.250 --> 00:31:50.029
one of the biggest like companies that
create machinery, agricultural
00:31:50.029 --> 00:31:54.890
machinery, and they told the copyright
office that farmers don't own their
00:31:54.890 --> 00:31:59.510
tractors because computer code snakes
through the DNA of modern tractors,
00:31:59.510 --> 00:32:03.620
farmers receive an implied license for the
life of the vehicle to operate the
00:32:03.620 --> 00:32:10.029
vehicle. OK, again, copyright and
intellectual property, so-called. And just
00:32:10.029 --> 00:32:14.320
like now, I don't know if people already
have the chance to go through the Brexit
00:32:14.320 --> 00:32:19.450
treaty. What do we read now on the Brexit
treaty? A party shall not require the
00:32:19.450 --> 00:32:25.080
transfer of, or access to the source code
of software owned by a natural or legal
00:32:25.080 --> 00:32:32.120
person of the other party. Basically, this
means. This is a trade agreement, and in
00:32:32.120 --> 00:32:36.799
this trade agreement, we say if, for
example, the EU or Germany, for example,
00:32:36.799 --> 00:32:42.890
demands that any software that we buy from
Britain and if the software is, for
00:32:42.890 --> 00:32:48.040
example, security related or for our power
grid or something like that, we are not
00:32:48.040 --> 00:32:56.190
permitted to ask a British supplier to
open the source code to us. This is like
00:32:56.190 --> 00:33:02.880
how politicians continue here in this
crisis. So it's all heading in the wrong
00:33:02.880 --> 00:33:07.570
direction. And these are just a few
examples. We are living here in a market
00:33:07.570 --> 00:33:13.640
society, but the market is failing to
solve the pandemic, the climate change and
00:33:13.640 --> 00:33:19.529
poverty around the world. This is just
what we see here. And I want now some
00:33:19.529 --> 00:33:25.340
outcome here. I want demands. In my view,
we are in a state of digital emergency. To
00:33:25.340 --> 00:33:29.000
solve the problems of our planet, from
climate change to the pandemic and
00:33:29.000 --> 00:33:35.980
poverty, we need a new open digital deal
for global collaboration. And this is what
00:33:35.980 --> 00:33:41.080
I showed to you before. I showed to you
how, from my own experience, I can
00:33:41.080 --> 00:33:45.880
collaborate and work together with people
all around the world. I can meet them. We
00:33:45.880 --> 00:33:51.059
can create something new. We did create
many things. And in my view, this is an
00:33:51.059 --> 00:33:59.350
example here that we should follow as a
society. And that's why I have demands and
00:33:59.350 --> 00:34:07.350
here's some key things that I think we
need. So of course, we need global
00:34:07.350 --> 00:34:11.579
knowledge sharing to solve our problems.
We need open access to knowledge and
00:34:11.579 --> 00:34:19.909
information. We can't afford anymore to
block access to our books and knowledge.
00:34:19.909 --> 00:34:24.200
And of course, that also means open
science. We shouldn't say open science
00:34:24.200 --> 00:34:29.450
because science is like by definition
already open. But unfortunately, it is not
00:34:29.450 --> 00:34:37.029
always, often scientific sources are not
released. And I think many people who are
00:34:37.029 --> 00:34:43.479
working in science and in university can
talk a lot about this. So local
00:34:43.479 --> 00:34:48.560
production, of course. Of course, it's not
achievable from one moment to the other.
00:34:48.560 --> 00:34:53.289
But right now, like we already saw how,
for example, for some health equipment, we
00:34:53.289 --> 00:34:59.430
are dependent on other regions of the
world. It's very monopolized and
00:34:59.430 --> 00:35:10.239
centralized and for the environment and
for the benefit of a lot of people like
00:35:10.239 --> 00:35:17.130
locals who want to make income. We need a
circular economy. So that, yeah, that is
00:35:17.130 --> 00:35:21.880
important. And of course, like it's an
ongoing topic. And I know a lot of people
00:35:21.880 --> 00:35:26.869
in Asia and in other parts of the world
who suffer because they don't have
00:35:26.869 --> 00:35:32.299
privacy. And yeah, privacy is a human
right, but there are many human rights
00:35:32.299 --> 00:35:36.660
that are violated, unfortunately, all
around the world. Well, probably this list
00:35:36.660 --> 00:35:40.940
can be extended. These are a few key
points that I see. All this is possible
00:35:40.940 --> 00:35:46.190
already today. If we could leverage the
advantage of open collaboration, we have a
00:35:46.190 --> 00:35:52.160
proof. I have a proof that FOSS, open
hardware, open knowledge, open data
00:35:52.160 --> 00:35:58.979
works, openness works. And I want to leave
you in a few moments with this list here
00:35:58.979 --> 00:36:05.989
that I created. My demands for new open
digital deal for global collaboration.
00:36:05.989 --> 00:36:11.440
It's not sorted in a specific order. There
are some thoughts. I think, like if people
00:36:11.440 --> 00:36:16.349
are interested to contact me and work on
this, I'm happy to extend and define this
00:36:16.349 --> 00:36:23.900
list. But here are a few points how we
could achieve in this new open digital
00:36:23.900 --> 00:36:28.999
deal. So we could, for example, declare a
state of digital emergency. I think that's
00:36:28.999 --> 00:36:35.700
what we should do. Digitalnotstand in
German, like it's so apparent, it's on
00:36:35.700 --> 00:36:39.469
every corner and every school are these
problems, companies have these problems
00:36:39.469 --> 00:36:46.349
it's just everywhere. And this demands a
state of digital emergency. We need a new
00:36:46.349 --> 00:36:52.950
vision of openness everywhere. And of
course, we are a market society. But this
00:36:52.950 --> 00:36:58.339
state like is active on so many layers and
so much money is handed out. Where is the
00:36:58.339 --> 00:37:02.839
billion euro funded package to develop
freely licensed open technologies on all
00:37:02.839 --> 00:37:09.160
layers by the European Union? We need this
now and participatory making just needs to
00:37:09.160 --> 00:37:14.859
be everywhere, a makerspace in every
library and substantial tax benefits for
00:37:14.859 --> 00:37:20.009
open source businesses associations as
well. It's not just businesses who improve
00:37:20.009 --> 00:37:23.789
society, it's associations, there are
individuals. There are many different
00:37:23.789 --> 00:37:28.739
forms how you can benefit society and
people around you. And for example I could
00:37:28.739 --> 00:37:36.869
imagine in Germany, a Bundesstiftung Open
Source. And copyright should be defined as
00:37:36.869 --> 00:37:42.400
the right to copy, not is like right now,
it's the other way around. It doesn't make
00:37:42.400 --> 00:37:49.089
sense at all. Right? So, yeah, another
idea, priority for businesses,
00:37:49.089 --> 00:37:53.450
associations and individuals that provide
benefits to society. I think I already
00:37:53.450 --> 00:37:59.660
mentioned that. And all this will help us
with more resilience and the digital
00:37:59.660 --> 00:38:05.359
sovereignity. So we are not dependent on,
like, for example, China or like companies
00:38:05.359 --> 00:38:13.289
in the US. We don't know what they are
doing. And we already experienced like
00:38:13.289 --> 00:38:19.019
what happened, for example, the last few
years with Donald Trump. And yeah. So
00:38:19.019 --> 00:38:22.680
definitely we need to stop the
colonization of Europe and the rest of the
00:38:22.680 --> 00:38:28.809
world by monopolistic platforms. I think
you can imagine which platforms there are.
00:38:28.809 --> 00:38:32.940
And it's even very difficult to get out of
these platforms. And unbelievably, they're
00:38:32.940 --> 00:38:39.459
hardly paying any taxes here in Europe. So
there are gatekeepers everywhere. Privacy
00:38:39.459 --> 00:38:46.099
is a human right. And I will leave you
here with this list that you can also
00:38:46.099 --> 00:38:51.990
review. Afterwards, there's not so much
time left. But I think you understand in
00:38:51.990 --> 00:38:59.750
which direction we need to head. And I
demand that we do this right now. So this
00:38:59.750 --> 00:39:04.969
is my end slide and I'm open for a few
questions. And I hope I can follow up with
00:39:04.969 --> 00:39:10.450
more of you. And there's a fossasia summit
happening in March. We'll do it entirely
00:39:10.450 --> 00:39:14.219
online. And I would be happy to connect
with you guys and with all our friends
00:39:14.219 --> 00:39:19.819
again there. So thank you very much for
this talk. And moving back to the demands,
00:39:19.819 --> 00:39:26.079
I want to leave this as the final slide.
We need openness on all layers, and I'm
00:39:26.079 --> 00:39:30.820
really fed up after twenty years. I have
this experience, but I don't see that we
00:39:30.820 --> 00:39:36.300
really, you know, like it must be on all
layers of society. We can't wait anymore.
00:39:36.300 --> 00:39:41.539
The climate change, pandemic. And maybe
it's not the last pandemic. We don't know.
00:39:41.539 --> 00:39:46.630
All these things are happening and I think
we need to change this now. So thank you
00:39:46.630 --> 00:39:52.779
very much for giving me the opportunity
here for this talk. And I don't know, do
00:39:52.779 --> 00:39:55.640
we still have time for question?
00:39:55.640 --> 00:40:02.280
Herald Angel: Well, we are a bit over time
already, but I think I have three
00:40:02.280 --> 00:40:06.380
questions right here. And I think I'm just
going to ask them. We still have some time
00:40:06.380 --> 00:40:11.369
before the next talk. So are you still
active in the open Internet scene, or
00:40:11.369 --> 00:40:15.579
like Freifunk or like the thing you showed
at the beginning?
00:40:15.579 --> 00:40:24.199
Mario: Yeah, I think right now I'm not
like involved in the Freifunk community,
00:40:24.199 --> 00:40:30.859
but like, of course, like we all use it. I
mean, you know, so it depends, define
00:40:30.859 --> 00:40:38.559
active, right? So definitely I'm
supportive of the network community. And I
00:40:38.559 --> 00:40:43.579
think, like, it's on a lot of different
layers. And I try to do my part to bring
00:40:43.579 --> 00:40:48.730
things forward. I think at the moment, my
main focus personally is on open hardware,
00:40:48.730 --> 00:40:52.869
for example, the pocket science lab. And
I'm also trying to support people who want
00:40:52.869 --> 00:41:01.180
to run events with free and open source
software only. We even see a lot of events
00:41:01.180 --> 00:41:06.640
that, you know, like free and open source
operating systems, but they use closed
00:41:06.640 --> 00:41:12.779
source platforms. I want to help
everyone to move to an open layer. And I
00:41:12.779 --> 00:41:15.229
think the wireless mesh community,
Freifunk and so on, they have been very
00:41:15.229 --> 00:41:23.029
successful already. But in my view, we
need companies, yeah? Because like we are
00:41:23.029 --> 00:41:30.500
in a capitalistic society. So if we try
to, you know, to do too many things at
00:41:30.500 --> 00:41:37.199
once, yeah? Yeah, it's difficult. It's
very difficult. So I'm focusing on more
00:41:37.199 --> 00:41:45.140
narrow things personally, but as I show
here in the demands, I think we can have a
00:41:45.140 --> 00:41:54.319
much wider achievement, if we do this on
different layers, if we for example, if we
00:41:54.319 --> 00:41:59.529
force the government to go into the
copyleft instead of the closed strict
00:41:59.529 --> 00:42:06.859
copyright, you know. We need to
change the policies and like an
00:42:06.859 --> 00:42:12.329
association by itself doesn't have the
same resources as, for example, an entire
00:42:12.329 --> 00:42:18.739
state, and we need this open and free and
open systems must become mainstream.
00:42:18.739 --> 00:42:21.799
Herald Angel: Okay jumping back again into
the open infrastructure like
00:42:21.799 --> 00:42:27.140
infrastructure for everyone. What are your
thoughts on Starlink or if there could be
00:42:27.140 --> 00:42:36.469
a way to make this kind of Starlink open
source open hardware style? Starlink is...
00:42:36.469 --> 00:42:41.599
Mario: I didn't get enough startling? What
is it?
00:42:41.599 --> 00:42:47.109
Herald angel: Starlink is, I think from
Elon Musk, a company trying to get
00:42:47.109 --> 00:42:51.699
internet into all the remotest places via
a satellite mesh network.
00:42:51.699 --> 00:43:00.039
Mario: Sorry, Starlink. Absolutely. So
this is a very good initiative. And of
00:43:00.039 --> 00:43:04.849
course, Elon Musk, even though I thought
many times that he is a supporter of free
00:43:04.849 --> 00:43:10.900
and open source, he's just one figure and
he depends on venture capital. And it's
00:43:10.900 --> 00:43:14.440
not like that he has all the money and
does it. He has a lot of partners there,
00:43:14.440 --> 00:43:18.390
venture capital, and there are limits to
venture capital. They want to make money.
00:43:18.390 --> 00:43:25.519
Their main priority is to make money, while
my main priority is like to do good for
00:43:25.519 --> 00:43:30.660
society. So I'm definitely happy to earn
money to have like a nice glass of wine
00:43:30.660 --> 00:43:37.400
and so on. But right there, there are
limits to this. So I want society to
00:43:37.400 --> 00:43:43.390
benefit as a whole. And if we could have
Starlink, for example, to run entirely
00:43:43.390 --> 00:43:48.559
with open source and like follow an open
approach, and I would be very happy. Definitely.
00:43:48.559 --> 00:43:51.759
Herald Angel: Last question,
we are a bit short on time
00:43:51.759 --> 00:43:56.709
now. Are you more in the organization part
of fossasia or are you more focused on
00:43:56.709 --> 00:44:09.500
single projects?
Mario: OK, so I think it is, it is both,
00:44:09.500 --> 00:44:14.619
yeah, and like honestly, like fossasia, it
sometimes seems like a huge organization
00:44:14.619 --> 00:44:18.089
that people say, oh, so many people
subscribe and this and that. And we do
00:44:18.089 --> 00:44:22.109
events and people ask, how can we also
become like that and so on. Actually, we
00:44:22.109 --> 00:44:26.519
don't do this to become a huge
organization. Of course, like we invite
00:44:26.519 --> 00:44:32.199
everyone to star repositories, to invite us,
to come to events and so on. But it's not
00:44:32.199 --> 00:44:36.960
like for the benefit of like having a lot
of stars or something or having a lot of
00:44:36.960 --> 00:44:40.559
members. Our goal is to bring people
together and also to like I think it's
00:44:40.559 --> 00:44:44.559
much better if they write on their GitHub
profile: I'm a member of a FOSS
00:44:44.559 --> 00:44:51.099
community, then if they say I'm a
Microsoft university student or something
00:44:51.099 --> 00:44:58.249
like that. So a lot of the things that we
do somehow scale because of this community
00:44:58.249 --> 00:45:03.890
effort and one person tells the other. So
even though it might sometimes look big,
00:45:03.890 --> 00:45:10.109
we are actually relatively small, I have
to admit, and I try to support on every
00:45:10.109 --> 00:45:16.309
different layer. So my personal focus
changes over time. So right now, I have a
00:45:16.309 --> 00:45:21.949
strong focus on enabling people to do
online events. And I believe that in many
00:45:21.949 --> 00:45:29.359
parts of the world the virus situation
will continue the way it is now,
00:45:29.359 --> 00:45:33.359
unfortunately. And so we need a solution
to connect to these people and we should
00:45:33.359 --> 00:45:35.470
do this with free and open source.
Herald Angel: Alright I think thats a nice
00:45:35.470 --> 00:45:38.920
way to conclude this talk. No more
questions came in, as for now. So I'm just
00:45:38.920 --> 00:45:42.641
going to say from our side, this talk is
over. I will give the word back to you for
00:45:42.641 --> 00:45:50.979
a few last words and then all the viewers
can go watch another great talk or go
00:45:50.979 --> 00:45:55.900
around in rC3 world.
Mario: So I only would like to say thank
00:45:55.900 --> 00:46:01.180
you very much to the team, it has been an
absolute pleasure and how you helped to
00:46:01.180 --> 00:46:06.269
make everything happen. And it's really
nice to connect with you guys. And I feel
00:46:06.269 --> 00:46:12.119
like I'm really like at the CCC myself, so
and I follow everything. So I appreciate
00:46:12.119 --> 00:46:18.239
all your efforts and what you are doing.
So keep it up and everyone out there and
00:46:18.239 --> 00:46:23.329
let's get on board and let's add more
demands to my demands and let's make them
00:46:23.329 --> 00:46:28.000
happen and bring them to
politics and so on. Unfortunately, the
00:46:28.000 --> 00:46:34.209
Pirate Party is not like, didn't progress
in the way we would have all loved to do
00:46:34.209 --> 00:46:40.690
it. But hopefully we can achieve this in
other ways. So please let us join efforts
00:46:40.690 --> 00:46:47.089
and make all this happen. And new open
digital deal for global collaboration. So
00:46:47.089 --> 00:46:50.940
thank you very much.
00:46:50.940 --> 00:46:55.779
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