1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:00,890 現在,我將示範一種把分數轉換成爲 2 00:00:00,890 --> 00:00:03,770 現在,我將示範一種把分數轉換成爲 3 00:00:03,770 --> 00:00:04,920 小數的方法 4 00:00:04,920 --> 00:00:06,990 如果時間充裕,我們可能還會學習到 5 00:00:06,990 --> 00:00:08,730 如何把小數轉換爲分數 6 00:00:08,730 --> 00:00:11,420 現在,讓我們先從一個簡單的 7 00:00:11,420 --> 00:00:12,480 例子開始 8 00:00:12,480 --> 00:00:15,210 把1/2(二分之一)這個分數 9 00:00:15,210 --> 00:00:17,390 轉換成爲一個小數 10 00:00:17,390 --> 00:00:20,170 我將要示範的這種方法通常都很好用 11 00:00:20,170 --> 00:00:22,850 你要做的就是用分子 12 00:00:22,850 --> 00:00:24,530 除以它的分母 13 00:00:24,530 --> 00:00:25,510 我們看看是如何計算的 14 00:00:25,510 --> 00:00:29,110 我們將分子1,除以 15 00:00:29,110 --> 00:00:32,280 分母2 16 00:00:32,280 --> 00:00:34,110 你可能會問,1除以2怎麽計算呢? 17 00:00:34,110 --> 00:00:37,010 如果你還記得我們在小數除法的課程中是怎麽做的 18 00:00:37,010 --> 00:00:40,220 我們在這裡加上一個小數點,並且在後面加上很多0 19 00:00:40,220 --> 00:00:42,880 我們並實際上沒有改變這個數字的大小,但 20 00:00:42,880 --> 00:00:45,260 我們變得更加精確了 21 00:00:45,260 --> 00:00:46,700 在這裡也加上一個小數點 22 00:00:46,700 --> 00:00:50,260 不可以 23 00:00:50,260 --> 00:00:50,650 1可以被2整除麽? 24 00:00:50,650 --> 00:00:51,280 不可以 25 00:00:51,280 --> 00:00:56,180 10可以被2整除 26 00:00:56,180 --> 00:00:59,060 5乘以2等於10 27 00:00:59,060 --> 00:01:00,050 余數是0 28 00:01:00,050 --> 00:01:01,150 我們解決了這個問題 29 00:01:01,150 --> 00:01:06,675 所以,1/2轉換爲小數後是0.5 30 00:01:06,675 --> 00:01:10,570 再一次,我們用分子除以 31 00:01:10,570 --> 00:01:12,050 讓我們嘗試一個更有難度的計算 32 00:01:12,050 --> 00:01:15,000 把1/3轉換爲小數 33 00:01:15,000 --> 00:01:19,190 再一次,我們用分子除以 34 00:01:19,190 --> 00:01:20,740 分母 35 00:01:20,740 --> 00:01:25,470 我在後面加上很多的0 36 00:01:25,470 --> 00:01:27,800 好吧,1不能被3整除 37 00:01:27,800 --> 00:01:30,150 10是3的3倍有餘 38 00:01:30,150 --> 00:01:32,452 三三得九 39 00:01:32,452 --> 00:01:35,720 我們做一個減法,剩1,繼續加0計算 40 00:01:35,720 --> 00:01:37,700 10是3的3倍有餘 41 00:01:37,700 --> 00:01:39,700 事實上,小數點就在這裡 42 00:01:39,700 --> 00:01:42,710 三三得九 43 00:01:42,710 --> 00:01:43,930 你看到規律了麽? 44 00:01:43,930 --> 00:01:45,070 我們一直在做同樣的計算 45 00:01:45,070 --> 00:01:47,350 如你所見,答案事實上是0.3333… 46 00:01:47,350 --> 00:01:48,830 它無限循環 47 00:01:48,830 --> 00:01:52,160 有一種簡便記法可以用來表達無限循環小數,因爲你顯然 48 00:01:52,160 --> 00:01:54,020 不可能無限地將3寫下去 49 00:01:54,020 --> 00:02:00,430 你可以寫0.33,然後在33兩個數字上方劃橫線 50 00:02:00,430 --> 00:02:03,060 這意味著33是循環節,將無限循環自身 51 00:02:03,060 --> 00:02:06,960 或者你也可以只在0.3的3上面畫一條橫線,表示3是循環節,無限循環自身 52 00:02:06,960 --> 00:02:08,630 我比較常見到的是這種表達方式 53 00:02:08,630 --> 00:02:09,840 我不一定是對的 54 00:02:09,840 --> 00:02:12,410 基本上,小數循環節上面的這條橫線就意味著 55 00:02:12,410 --> 00:02:17,320 這個小數是無限循環小數 56 00:02:17,320 --> 00:02:25,210 所以,1/3轉化成小數是0.3333…一個無限循環小數 57 00:02:25,210 --> 00:02:29,770 它的簡便記法是爲0.33的循環節33上面加一個橫杠 58 00:02:29,770 --> 00:02:33,400 讓我們來嘗試一些難度更高的問題,但它們 59 00:02:33,400 --> 00:02:35,060 都遵循同樣的計算法則 60 00:02:35,060 --> 00:02:36,890 讓我選擇一些較難計算的數字 61 00:02:36,890 --> 00:02:40,470 分子比分母大 62 00:02:40,470 --> 00:02:41,890 事實上我打算舉一個假分數爲例 63 00:02:41,890 --> 00:02:49,050 我選17/9 (九份之十七) 64 00:02:49,050 --> 00:02:50,160 現在,這很有趣 65 00:02:50,160 --> 00:02:52,260 分子比分母大 66 00:02:52,260 --> 00:02:54,200 所以事實上我們將得到一個比1要大的結果 67 00:02:54,200 --> 00:02:55,270 無論如何讓我們先計算一下吧 68 00:02:55,270 --> 00:03:00,586 我們用17除以9 69 00:03:00,586 --> 00:03:06,000 然後在小數點後加上一些0 70 00:03:06,000 --> 00:03:08,730 17除以9的商,個位是1 71 00:03:08,730 --> 00:03:11,260 一九得九 72 00:03:11,260 --> 00:03:14,040 17減9等於8 73 00:03:14,040 --> 00:03:16,240 拉下一個0 74 00:03:16,240 --> 00:03:20,080 80是9的多少倍——我們知道九九八十一,所以 75 00:03:20,080 --> 00:03:21,830 80除以9的商,個位數應該是8,因爲不可能 76 00:03:21,830 --> 00:03:23,230 是9 77 00:03:23,230 --> 00:03:27,010 八九七十二 78 00:03:27,010 --> 00:03:29,560 80減72等於8 79 00:03:29,560 --> 00:03:30,770 再拉下一個0 80 00:03:30,770 --> 00:03:32,260 我想我們又再次看到一個規律 81 00:03:32,260 --> 00:03:35,990 80是9的8倍有餘 82 00:03:35,990 --> 00:03:40,820 八九七十二 83 00:03:40,820 --> 00:03:44,350 明顯地,我們可以一直這樣循環計算下去 84 00:03:44,350 --> 00:03:46,790 我們會一直得到8 85 00:03:46,790 --> 00:03:53,740 所以,17除以9的商是1.88,其中的0.88 86 00:03:53,740 --> 00:03:56,080 是無限循環小數的循環節 87 00:03:56,080 --> 00:03:59,200 或者,如果我們要得到近似值 88 00:03:59,200 --> 00:04:01,430 則答案將視乎我們 89 00:04:01,430 --> 00:04:02,860 希望四捨五入到小數點後的幾位數 90 00:04:02,860 --> 00:04:05,990 我們可以說,約等於1.89 91 00:04:05,990 --> 00:04:07,480 或者我們可以精確到不同位數 92 00:04:07,480 --> 00:04:09,310 我四捨五入到了小數點後兩位 93 00:04:09,310 --> 00:04:11,350 但是這個是準確的答案 94 00:04:11,350 --> 00:04:15,126 17/9等於1.88(0.88是無限循環節) 95 00:04:15,126 --> 00:04:17,380 我可能還會進行另外一個課程,如何將 96 00:04:17,380 --> 00:04:20,730 17/9寫成帶分數 97 00:04:20,730 --> 00:04:23,030 事實上,我還是新開一堂課來講好了 98 00:04:23,030 --> 00:04:24,390 我不希望混淆了大家的思維 99 00:04:24,390 --> 00:04:25,380 讓我們再做幾道練習題 100 00:04:25,380 --> 00:04:28,560 93被17除 這裏我畫了一條很長的線 101 00:04:28,560 --> 00:04:29,980 找一道更難的題 102 00:04:29,980 --> 00:04:34,360 17/93 103 00:04:34,360 --> 00:04:36,710 這個如何化爲小數? 104 00:04:36,710 --> 00:04:39,130 我們還是做一樣的計算 105 00:04:39,130 --> 00:04:45,630 93被17除 這裡我畫了一條很長的線 106 00:04:45,630 --> 00:04:47,930 因爲我不知道我們會計算到小數點後的幾位數 107 00:04:47,930 --> 00:04:50,570 這裏有一個小數 108 00:04:50,570 --> 00:04:53,220 記住,分子總是 109 00:04:53,220 --> 00:04:54,930 除以分母 110 00:04:54,930 --> 00:04:56,950 我經常會搞糊塗因爲經常 111 00:04:56,950 --> 00:04:59,630 我們用一個比較小的數來除以一個比較大的數 112 00:04:59,630 --> 00:05:02,580 所以17除以93的商,個位是0 113 00:05:02,580 --> 00:05:04,080 這裡有一個小數 114 00:05:04,080 --> 00:05:05,990 170除以93? 115 00:05:05,990 --> 00:05:07,270 可以上1 116 00:05:07,270 --> 00:05:11,410 1乘以93等於93 117 00:05:11,410 --> 00:05:14,370 170減去93等於77 118 00:05:14,370 --> 00:05:17,980 加上2等於74 119 00:05:17,980 --> 00:05:20,360 拉下一個0 120 00:05:20,360 --> 00:05:23,700 770除以93? 121 00:05:23,700 --> 00:05:24,660 我們看看 122 00:05:24,660 --> 00:05:29,120 我想大概要上8 123 00:05:29,120 --> 00:05:33,330 三八二十四 124 00:05:33,330 --> 00:05:35,970 八九七十二 125 00:05:35,970 --> 00:05:39,730 加上2等於74 126 00:05:39,730 --> 00:05:42,186 然後我們做減法 127 00:05:42,186 --> 00:05:43,990 0向前面的7借1,7變成6,10減4得6,6減4得2 128 00:05:43,990 --> 00:05:46,710 差是26 129 00:05:46,710 --> 00:05:47,760 然後我們再拉下一個0 130 00:05:47,760 --> 00:05:52,800 260除以93,大概上2 131 00:05:52,800 --> 00:05:57,020 二三得六 132 00:05:57,020 --> 00:05:58,704 18 133 00:05:58,704 --> 00:05:59,920 差是74 134 00:05:59,920 --> 00:06:03,120 如果你願意,你可以一直計算下去 135 00:06:03,120 --> 00:06:03,930 再拉下一個0 136 00:06:03,930 --> 00:06:06,380 我們可以一直計算下去 137 00:06:06,380 --> 00:06:08,030 我們可以繼續增加小數位數 138 00:06:08,030 --> 00:06:10,020 這個是無限不循環小數 139 00:06:10,020 --> 00:06:12,090 但是,如果你希望至少能得到一個近似值 140 00:06:12,090 --> 00:06:23,490 17除以93,或者17/93約等於0.182 141 00:06:23,490 --> 00:06:25,020 後面的小數還將繼續 142 00:06:25,020 --> 00:06:27,170 如果你願意,你可以一直計算下去 143 00:06:27,170 --> 00:06:28,650 但是如果是考試中問了這個問題,老師會要求你 144 00:06:28,650 --> 00:06:29,640 四捨五入到小數點後的某位數 145 00:06:29,640 --> 00:06:31,650 比如,到小數點後2位 146 00:06:31,650 --> 00:06:33,610 或是後三位 147 00:06:33,610 --> 00:06:36,550 現在,讓我們試著反過來計算 148 00:06:36,550 --> 00:06:37,830 將小數轉化爲分數 149 00:06:37,830 --> 00:06:40,090 事實上,我想,這個會比剛剛學的 150 00:06:40,090 --> 00:06:42,300 容易得多。 151 00:06:42,300 --> 00:06:49,810 我想問問你,0.035轉化成分數是多少? 152 00:06:49,810 --> 00:06:56,845 好吧,你只需看,0.035,我們將它寫 153 00:06:56,845 --> 00:07:05,130 成這樣,03 154 00:07:05,130 --> 00:07:06,300 好吧,我不應該寫成035 155 00:07:06,300 --> 00:07:10,700 0.035和35/1000是一樣的 156 00:07:10,700 --> 00:07:11,580 你可能在問,薩爾老師,你怎麽知道是 157 00:07:11,580 --> 00:07:14,120 35/1000呢? 158 00:07:14,120 --> 00:07:18,590 因爲,我們看到小數點後有三位數,這個是小數點後一位 159 00:07:18,590 --> 00:07:20,230 也叫十分位 160 00:07:20,230 --> 00:07:21,360 這是小數點後兩位,百分位 161 00:07:21,360 --> 00:07:23,230 這是小數點後三位,千分位 162 00:07:23,230 --> 00:07:25,890 所以我們精確到小數點後三位 163 00:07:25,890 --> 00:07:29,260 即千分之三十五 164 00:07:29,260 --> 00:07:38,650 如果小數是,假設,0.030 165 00:07:38,650 --> 00:07:40,140 我們可以用幾種方法來表達這個數 166 00:07:40,140 --> 00:07:42,490 我們可以說,我們到了小數點後三位, 167 00:07:42,490 --> 00:07:43,570 千分位 168 00:07:43,570 --> 00:07:48,240 所以這個和30/1000是一樣的 169 00:07:48,240 --> 00:07:48,610 或者 170 00:07:48,610 --> 00:07:55,550 我們可以說0.030等於 171 00:07:55,550 --> 00:08:02,710 0.03,因爲最後的0實際上毫無價值 172 00:08:02,710 --> 00:08:05,920 如果是0.03,那麽我們只有小數點後兩位,百分數 173 00:08:05,920 --> 00:08:11,100 所以,它等於3/100 174 00:08:11,100 --> 00:08:13,160 讓我問你這個問題,這兩個數一樣麽 175 00:08:13,160 --> 00:08:16,330 35/1000 176 00:08:16,330 --> 00:08:16,670 嗯,是一樣的 177 00:08:16,670 --> 00:08:17,680 它們相等 178 00:08:17,680 --> 00:08:20,065 如果我們把分子和分母同時除以10 179 00:08:20,065 --> 00:08:24,890 我們就能得到3/100 180 00:08:24,890 --> 00:08:26,220 我們回到這個計算題 181 00:08:26,220 --> 00:08:27,550 我們得到最終答案了麽? 182 00:08:27,550 --> 00:08:30,120 35/1000,我的意思是, 183 00:08:30,120 --> 00:08:31,660 這個是一個分數 184 00:08:31,660 --> 00:08:32,584 35/1000 185 00:08:32,584 --> 00:08:35,440 但是如果我們要進一步約分的話 186 00:08:35,440 --> 00:08:38,530 我們將分子分母同時除以公約數5 187 00:08:38,530 --> 00:08:40,860 然後,我們得到了簡化後的結果 188 00:08:40,860 --> 00:08:47,280 等於7/200 189 00:08:47,280 --> 00:08:51,020 如果我們要把7/200用我們剛學過的方法轉化成小數 190 00:08:51,020 --> 00:08:54,150 我們可以用7除以 191 00:08:54,150 --> 00:08:56,120 200來計算 192 00:08:56,120 --> 00:09:00,170 答案也是0.035 193 00:09:00,170 --> 00:09:02,650 我將把這個留給你們作爲練習 194 00:09:02,650 --> 00:09:05,370 希望現在你們可以初步了解如何 195 00:09:05,370 --> 00:09:09,320 將分數轉化成小數,或將小數轉爲分數 196 00:09:09,320 --> 00:09:11,840 如果你還有疑問的話,那就多做一下練習吧 197 00:09:11,840 --> 00:09:16,990 我會試圖在這個問題上再錄一個模塊 198 00:09:16,990 --> 00:09:18,880 或再次演示 199 00:09:18,880 --> 00:09:20,090 希望你喜歡這些計算題