[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:09.13,0:00:12.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What do fans of atmospheric \Npost-punk music
Dialogue: 0,0:00:12.23,0:00:15.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have in common with ancient barbarians?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.61,0:00:16.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not much.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:16.79,0:00:20.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So why are both known as goths?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.21,0:00:21.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is it a weird coincidence
Dialogue: 0,0:00:21.50,0:00:26.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or a deeper connection stretching \Nacross the centuries?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.10,0:00:28.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The story begins in Ancient Rome.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.77,0:00:32.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As the Roman Empire expanded,\Nit faced raids and invasions
Dialogue: 0,0:00:32.74,0:00:36.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the semi-nomadic populations \Nalong its borders.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.86,0:00:41.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Among the most powerful were\Na Germanic people known as Goths
Dialogue: 0,0:00:41.65,0:00:43.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who were composed of two tribal groups,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.93,0:00:45.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Visigoths
Dialogue: 0,0:00:45.16,0:00:47.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and Ostrogoths.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:47.15,0:00:50.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,While some of the Germanic tribes\Nremained Rome's enemies,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.30,0:00:55.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Empire incorporated others\Ninto the imperial army.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.56,0:00:57.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As the Roman Empire split in two,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.86,0:01:01.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these tribal armies played\Nlarger roles in its defense
Dialogue: 0,0:01:01.61,0:01:04.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and internal power struggles.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.44,0:01:08.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the 5th century, a mercenary revolt\Nlead by a soldier named Odoacer
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.92,0:01:13.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,captured Rome \Nand deposed the Western Emperor.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:13.03,0:01:15.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Odoacer and his Ostrogoth\Nsuccessor Theoderic
Dialogue: 0,0:01:15.75,0:01:19.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,technically remained under the Eastern\NEmperor's authority
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.49,0:01:22.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and maintained Roman traditions.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.19,0:01:26.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the Western Empire would never\Nbe united again.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.20,0:01:29.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Its dominions fragmented into kingdoms\Nruled by Goths
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.36,0:01:31.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and other Germanic tribes
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.26,0:01:34.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who assimilated into local cultures,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:34.00,0:01:38.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,though many of their names\Nstill mark the map.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.18,0:01:40.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This was the end of the Classical Period
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.64,0:01:43.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the beginning of what many call\Nthe Dark Ages.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.78,0:01:46.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Although Roman culture was never\Nfully lost,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.52,0:01:50.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,its influence declined\Nand new art styles arose
Dialogue: 0,0:01:50.55,0:01:53.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,focused on religious symbolism\Nand allegory
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.70,0:01:56.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rather than proportion and realism.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:56.60,0:01:58.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This shift extended to architecture
Dialogue: 0,0:01:58.80,0:02:04.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the construction of the Abbey\Nof Saint Denis in France in 1137.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.49,0:02:07.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pointed arches, flying buttresses,\Nand large windows
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.85,0:02:11.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,made the structure more skeletal\Nand ornate.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:11.46,0:02:14.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That emphasized its open, \Nluminous interior
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.20,0:02:19.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rather than the sturdy walls\Nand columns of Classical buildings.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:19.91,0:02:21.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Over the next few centuries,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:21.34,0:02:25.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this became a model for Cathedrals\Nthroughout Europe.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.16,0:02:26.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But fashions change.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:26.50,0:02:31.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,With the Italian Renaissance's renewed\Nadmiration for Ancient Greece and Rome,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.44,0:02:36.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the more recent style began to seem\Ncrude and inferior in comparison.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.99,0:02:40.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Writing in his 1550 book, \N"Lives of the Artists,"
Dialogue: 0,0:02:40.12,0:02:45.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Giorgio Vasari was the first\Nto describe it as Gothic,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.13,0:02:47.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a derogatory reference to the Barbarians
Dialogue: 0,0:02:47.53,0:02:50.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,thought to have destroyed \NClassical civilization.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.85,0:02:55.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The name stuck, and soon came\Nto describe the Medieval period overall,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.40,0:03:01.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with its associations of darkness,\Nsuperstition, and simplicity.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:01.32,0:03:05.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But time marched on,\Nas did what was considered fashionable.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.85,0:03:09.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the 1700s, a period called\Nthe Enlightenment came about,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.25,0:03:13.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which valued scientific reason \Nabove all else.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.36,0:03:17.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Reacting against that, Romantic authors\Nlike Goethe and Byron
Dialogue: 0,0:03:17.17,0:03:21.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sought idealized visions of a past\Nof natural landscapes
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.07,0:03:24.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and mysterious spiritual forces.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.23,0:03:27.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here, the word Gothic \Nwas repurposed again
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.59,0:03:33.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to describe a literary genre that\Nemerged as a darker strain of Romanticism.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:33.39,0:03:35.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The term was first applied \Nby Horace Walpole
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.91,0:03:40.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to his own 1764 novel, \N"The Castle of Otranto"
Dialogue: 0,0:03:40.43,0:03:44.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a reference to the plot \Nand general atmosphere.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:44.05,0:03:47.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Many of the novel's elements became\Ngenre staples
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.15,0:03:51.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,inspiring classics and the countless\Nmovies they spawned.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:51.56,0:03:56.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The gothic label belonged to literature\Nand film until the 1970s
Dialogue: 0,0:03:56.83,0:03:59.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when a new musical scene emerged.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.68,0:04:03.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Taking cues from artists like\NThe Doors and The Velvet Underground,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:03.40,0:04:04.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,British post-punk groups,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:04.68,0:04:05.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like Joy Division,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:05.87,0:04:06.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Bauhaus,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.74,0:04:07.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and The Cure,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.75,0:04:10.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,combined gloomy lyrics \Nand punk dissonance
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.42,0:04:13.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with imagery inspired \Nby the Victorian era,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:13.60,0:04:14.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,classic horror,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.72,0:04:17.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and androgynous glam fashion.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:17.95,0:04:21.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,By the early 1980s, similar bands\Nwere consistently described
Dialogue: 0,0:04:21.60,0:04:24.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as Gothic rock by the music press,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:24.47,0:04:28.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the stye's popularity brought it\Nout of dimly lit clubs
Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.09,0:04:31.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to major labels and MTV.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:31.13,0:04:35.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And today, despite occasional negative\Nmedia attention and stereotypes,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:35.67,0:04:40.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Gothic music and fashion continue as\Na strong underground phenomenon.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.85,0:04:42.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They've also branched into sub-genres,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:42.71,0:04:44.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,such as cybergoth,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.08,0:04:45.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,gothabilly,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:45.08,0:04:46.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,gothic metal,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.14,0:04:48.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and even steampunk.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:48.80,0:04:51.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The history of the word gothic is embedded
Dialogue: 0,0:04:51.05,0:04:54.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in thousands of years \Nworth of countercultural movements,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:54.74,0:04:57.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from invading outsiders becoming kings
Dialogue: 0,0:04:57.62,0:05:01.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to towering spires \Nreplacing solid columns
Dialogue: 0,0:05:01.08,0:05:04.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to artists finding beauty in darkness.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:04.52,0:05:07.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Each step has seen a revolution of sorts
Dialogue: 0,0:05:07.22,0:05:13.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a tendency for civilization to reach into\Nits past to reshape its present.