[Script Info]
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[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.60,0:00:01.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[In January 2020,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:01.78,0:00:04.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Christian Happi and Pardis Sabeti\Npresented an Audacious idea]
Dialogue: 0,0:00:06.93,0:00:11.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Sentinel: An early warning system\Nto detect and track the next pandemic]
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.22,0:00:14.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Here's how it would work ...]
Dialogue: 0,0:00:16.46,0:00:23.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Christian Happi: Sentinel is a proactive\Nearly warning system to preempt pandemics.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.10,0:00:25.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is built on three major pillars.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:25.52,0:00:27.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pardis Sabeti: The first pillar is Detect.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:27.58,0:00:30.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Christian and I have been studying\Ninfectious diseases together
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.58,0:00:32.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,around the world for two decades.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:32.57,0:00:34.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have been using genome sequencing.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.80,0:00:37.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Reading out the complete\Ngenetic information of a microbe,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:37.76,0:00:42.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it allows us to identify viruses,\Neven those we've never seen before,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:42.12,0:00:43.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,track them as they spread
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.54,0:00:45.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and watch for new mutations.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:45.45,0:00:48.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And now with the powerful\Ngene-editing technology CRISPR,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.77,0:00:50.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we can use this genetic information
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.97,0:00:56.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to rapidly design exquisitely sensitive\Ndiagnostic tests for any microbe.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.56,0:00:59.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CH: One of these tools is called SHERLOCK.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:59.10,0:01:04.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It can be used to test known viruses\Non simple paper strips.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.88,0:01:06.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is very inexpensive,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:06.62,0:01:09.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and frontline health workers\Ncan use SHERLOCK
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.66,0:01:14.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to detect the most common\Nor the most threatening viruses
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.25,0:01:15.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,within an hour.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:16.11,0:01:17.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,PS: The other tool is CARMEN.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.71,0:01:22.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It requires a lab, but it can test\Nfor hundreds of viruses simultaneously.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.07,0:01:24.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So hospital lab staff\Ncan test patient samples
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.80,0:01:26.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for a broad range of viruses
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.33,0:01:27.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,within a day.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.86,0:01:30.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our second pillar is Connect.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.58,0:01:33.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Connect everyone\Nand share this information
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.04,0:01:34.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,across the public health community.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:35.75,0:01:37.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In most outbreaks,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.12,0:01:41.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hospital staff share case information\Nthrough paper, Excel -- if at all.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.12,0:01:44.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This makes tracking an outbreak\Nthrough space and time
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.71,0:01:46.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and coordinating a response
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.06,0:01:47.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,extremely difficult.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:47.88,0:01:50.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we're developing a cloud-based system\Nand mobile applications
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.01,0:01:52.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that connect community health workers,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.01,0:01:56.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,clinicians, public health\Nteams -- everyone --
Dialogue: 0,0:01:56.28,0:01:58.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and allows them to upload data,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:58.48,0:02:01.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,perform analysis, share insights
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.24,0:02:03.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and coordinate a response and action plan
Dialogue: 0,0:02:03.34,0:02:04.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in real time.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.86,0:02:07.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CH: Our third pillar is Empower.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.46,0:02:11.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,An outbreak surveillance\Nsystem can only succeed
Dialogue: 0,0:02:11.10,0:02:15.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if we empower frontline health workers\Nthat are already out there
Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.14,0:02:16.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,taking care of communities.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.86,0:02:19.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It requires a lot of training.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:19.06,0:02:21.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pardis and I are very much aware of that.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:21.56,0:02:23.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've spent the past 10 years
Dialogue: 0,0:02:23.45,0:02:27.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,training hundreds of young\NAfrican scientists and clinicians.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.44,0:02:31.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Over the next five years, we will train\Nan additional 1,000 health workers
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.57,0:02:33.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to use Sentinel detection tools
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.92,0:02:36.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and empower them\Nto train their colleagues.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.82,0:02:40.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This way, we will improve\Nthe original health care system
Dialogue: 0,0:02:40.36,0:02:44.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and integrate surveillance\Ninto medical practice.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.49,0:02:49.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Since presenting their Audacious\Nplan at TED, the world has changed ...]
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.77,0:02:53.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Briar Goldberg: So here we are.\NWe're recording this.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.32,0:02:55.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's April 7th, 2020,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.78,0:03:00.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and obviously, we are in the throes\Nof this crazy global pandemic
Dialogue: 0,0:03:00.89,0:03:02.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,caused by this new coronavirus.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:02.68,0:03:05.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So you two have been working\Ntogether forever,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.64,0:03:08.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you really came together\Npretty aggressively
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.48,0:03:11.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the Ebola crisis back in 2014.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:11.38,0:03:13.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What does it feel like\Nfrom your perspective?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.60,0:03:16.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CH: Pretty much six years\Nafter the Ebola outbreak,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.99,0:03:19.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we're really facing another crisis,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.10,0:03:25.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we still pretty much, like,\Nwe never learned from the previous crisis.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:25.05,0:03:27.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that, really, for me,\Nis heartbreaking.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.44,0:03:34.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,PS: I think that this pandemic\Nhas shown us how unprepared we are
Dialogue: 0,0:03:34.06,0:03:35.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,everywhere in the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.25,0:03:39.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Christian and our partners together\Nhad diagnostics at our hospital sites
Dialogue: 0,0:03:40.01,0:03:43.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in Nigeria, Sierra Leone\Nand Senegal in early February.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:43.27,0:03:48.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Most states in the United States\Ndidn't have it until far later.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:48.81,0:03:51.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It tells us that\Nwe are all in this together,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:51.82,0:03:53.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we are all very much behind the curve.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.97,0:03:57.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,BG: So, this Sentinel system is amazing,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.90,0:04:00.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I know that the question\Nthat's on everybody's mind is:
Dialogue: 0,0:04:00.74,0:04:02.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How is that playing into the here and now?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:02.79,0:04:06.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,PS: You know, we describe Sentinel\Nas a pandemic preemption system,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.07,0:04:07.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and here we are in a pandemic.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.54,0:04:10.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But what's great is that, actually,\Nthe same tools you need
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.35,0:04:11.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to preempt a pandemic
Dialogue: 0,0:04:11.53,0:04:13.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are the ones that you need\Nto respond to one.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:13.66,0:04:16.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so all of the technologies\Nthat we have laid out --
Dialogue: 0,0:04:16.75,0:04:19.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the point-of-care testing,\Nthe multiplex testing,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:19.40,0:04:22.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the discovery and tracking\Nof the virus as it's changing,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:22.84,0:04:26.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the overlay of the mobile\Napplications to dashboard --
Dialogue: 0,0:04:26.26,0:04:27.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are all critical.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.44,0:04:29.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,CH: For us, it is a war.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.60,0:04:32.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are basically committed\Nfor 24 hours' turnaround time
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.96,0:04:34.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in order to give results,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:34.93,0:04:39.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that requires for us\Nto work around the clock nonstop.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:39.14,0:04:41.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it's a pretty challenging moment.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:41.38,0:04:42.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are away from family.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:42.57,0:04:44.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At least I have the privilege\Nto see family today,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.97,0:04:47.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then I'm sure tomorrow\NI'm heading back in the trenches.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:47.96,0:04:51.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In my lab, we sequenced\Nthe first COVID-19 genome
Dialogue: 0,0:04:51.15,0:04:52.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the African continent,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:52.41,0:04:54.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that really was done within 48 hours.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:54.46,0:04:57.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is revolutionary\Ncoming from Africa
Dialogue: 0,0:04:57.56,0:05:01.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then making this information\Navailable for the global health community
Dialogue: 0,0:05:01.13,0:05:03.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to see what the virus\Nwithin Africa looks like.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:03.40,0:05:06.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I believe that with\Ntechnologies and knowledge
Dialogue: 0,0:05:06.08,0:05:08.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then sharing information,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.21,0:05:10.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we can do better and then we can overcome.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:10.40,0:05:12.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,PS: The whole idea of Sentinel
Dialogue: 0,0:05:12.55,0:05:14.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that we all stand guard\Nover each other.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:14.72,0:05:15.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We all watch.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:15.90,0:05:17.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Each one of us is a sentinel.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:17.38,0:05:21.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Each one of us, being able to monitor\Nwhat is making us sick,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:21.32,0:05:23.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can share that with\Nthe rest of our community.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:23.94,0:05:26.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I think that is what\NI profoundly want,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:26.99,0:05:29.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is for us to all stand guard
Dialogue: 0,0:05:29.32,0:05:30.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and watch over each other.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:31.27,0:05:33.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Dr. Pardis Sabeti\Nand Dr. Christian Happi]
Dialogue: 0,0:05:34.100,0:05:36.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Ingenious scientists.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:36.18,0:05:37.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Courageous partners.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:37.96,0:05:39.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Global heroes.]