1 00:00:16,581 --> 00:00:18,415 Steven: We're in the museum of modern art 2 00:00:18,415 --> 00:00:21,999 and we're on the 4th floor in the rooms devoted to abstract expressionism 3 00:00:21,999 --> 00:00:27,828 and we're standing in front of Mark Rothko's No. 3/No. 13 4 00:00:27,828 --> 00:00:30,462 which dates to 1949 5 00:00:30,462 --> 00:00:33,660 Beth: Those abstract expressionists love to not name their paintings 6 00:00:33,660 --> 00:00:35,743 in fact, it's sort of a modernist problem 7 00:00:35,743 --> 00:00:37,130 Steven: It is, it is 8 00:00:37,130 --> 00:00:39,663 Beth: Composition number...blah 9 00:00:39,663 --> 00:00:41,538 Steven: Well, they didn't want to close down meaning, right? 10 00:00:41,538 --> 00:00:44,243 Beth: I understand, that ambiguity is incredibly important 11 00:00:44,243 --> 00:00:45,495 for artists in the 20th century. 12 00:00:45,495 --> 00:00:48,331 Steven: It is. But I think the weird No. 3/No. 13 part 13 00:00:48,331 --> 00:00:53,127 I wonder if that has to do with the curators trying to figure out really what this thing was called 14 00:00:53,127 --> 00:00:54,334 and not being sure about it 15 00:00:54,334 --> 00:00:55,472 Beth: Yeah, that could be it. 16 00:00:55,472 --> 00:00:56,334 Steven: I have no idea, actually. 17 00:00:56,334 --> 00:00:59,265 Beth: You know, it's interesting cause Rothko is an artist that 18 00:00:59,265 --> 00:01:03,833 even at a time when I a little bit put off by abstract painting 19 00:01:03,833 --> 00:01:05,970 I always loved the Rothko's 20 00:01:05,970 --> 00:01:10,332 They have a kind of brooding heaviness about them 21 00:01:10,332 --> 00:01:12,000 Steven: A gorgeous melancholy 22 00:01:12,000 --> 00:01:12,828 Beth: Yeah! 23 00:01:12,828 --> 00:01:17,264 And I don't think I even knew why it made me feel that way 24 00:01:17,264 --> 00:01:20,803 Steven: I think Rothko would have been really, really happy to hear you say that 25 00:01:20,803 --> 00:01:24,748 I think Rothko really wanted people, in fact, I seem to remember a quote where he said 26 00:01:24,748 --> 00:01:27,574 if people understood his paintings, they would be in tears before them 27 00:01:27,574 --> 00:01:29,423 Beth: Yeah, I think it did that to me 28 00:01:29,423 --> 00:01:35,832 Steven: There's something wonderful solemn and, almost the kind of feeling you sometimes get when you look at stained glass windows in a Gothic cathedral 29 00:01:35,832 --> 00:01:39,264 Yeah, there's something incredibly, sort of, awesome about it. 30 00:01:39,264 --> 00:01:43,660 Beth: And so, what is it that evokes those feelings, really 31 00:01:43,660 --> 00:01:45,265 You know, it's a lot of things 32 00:01:45,265 --> 00:01:47,750 It's the "horizontality" 33 00:01:47,750 --> 00:01:55,994 it's the way that the forms are, sort of, behind and in front and have no edges and kind of hover 34 00:01:55,994 --> 00:01:59,742 Steven: Until you said, "no edges" and "hover", it sounded like you were talking about a Mondrian 35 00:01:59,742 --> 00:02:04,470 Beth: Yeah, but, also there's that kind of way you can kind of see underneath the paint 36 00:02:04,470 --> 00:02:07,189 and you know sometimes it comes in front 37 00:02:07,189 --> 00:02:09,911 It's a kind of incompleteness, and... 38 00:02:09,911 --> 00:02:11,867 Steven: A kind of finding, it's a process, right? 39 00:02:11,867 --> 00:02:16,250 You can feel almost Rothko's efforts to find his way through this 40 00:02:16,250 --> 00:02:18,046 and you know there's... 41 00:02:18,046 --> 00:02:19,745 Beth: Now you sound like we're talking about a "Cezanne" 42 00:02:19,745 --> 00:02:20,531 Steven: Oh that's interesting. 43 00:02:20,531 --> 00:02:22,664 But I think there are elements of "Cezanne" and "Mondrian" here 44 00:02:22,664 --> 00:02:24,470 which is not what you would think of at first 45 00:02:24,470 --> 00:02:25,334 Beth: No 46 00:02:25,334 --> 00:02:26,866 Steven: I think that these are paintings that 47 00:02:26,866 --> 00:02:28,860 as you were saying that, you were moving your hands back and forth 48 00:02:28,860 --> 00:02:30,867 and I think that this is exactly right. 49 00:02:30,867 --> 00:02:32,932 It took me a while to figure this out about Rothko 50 00:02:32,932 --> 00:02:35,206 but I think that these are paintings about space 51 00:02:35,206 --> 00:02:36,416 rather than color 52 00:02:36,416 --> 00:02:38,658 I mean, color is important, obviously 53 00:02:38,658 --> 00:02:39,764 and color is gorgeous 54 00:02:39,764 --> 00:02:42,417 These are forms, these almost clouds of forms 55 00:02:42,417 --> 00:02:45,463 that exist in some sort of space of their own construction 56 00:02:45,463 --> 00:02:46,263 Beth: That makes sense. 57 00:02:46,263 --> 00:02:48,666 Steven: And it's interesting when you said the "horizontality" 58 00:02:48,666 --> 00:02:50,262 because they are horizontal paintings, 59 00:02:50,262 --> 00:02:51,129 even though... 60 00:02:51,129 --> 00:02:52,159 Beth: In that, it's a vertical image 61 00:02:52,159 --> 00:02:53,461 Steven: The canvas is vertical 62 00:02:53,461 --> 00:02:54,266 Beth: Yeah 63 00:02:54,266 --> 00:02:57,078 Steven: But they create an occupy space in a very important way 64 00:02:57,078 --> 00:03:00,130 and the heaviness of that black form, 65 00:03:00,130 --> 00:03:02,613 that sort of cloud of black rectangle 66 00:03:02,643 --> 00:03:03,665 soft at its edges 67 00:03:03,665 --> 00:03:04,470 Beth: So ominous 68 00:03:04,470 --> 00:03:06,064 Steven: And because it's high 69 00:03:06,064 --> 00:03:10,129 it's center of gravity is ever more powerful, do you see what I mean? 70 00:03:10,160 --> 00:03:12,433 Beth: Well, I feel like almost it pulls me into it. 71 00:03:12,433 --> 00:03:13,335 Steven: It does, right. 72 00:03:13,335 --> 00:03:14,417 Beth: Is that what you mean by the? 73 00:03:14,417 --> 00:03:19,538 Steven: Yeah, well I think so, but it also presses down vertically on the cream white below, 74 00:03:19,538 --> 00:03:23,731 the line of dark blackness below that and the green below that, absolutely 75 00:03:23,731 --> 00:03:25,006 Beth: It's oppressive. 76 00:03:25,006 --> 00:03:27,577 Steven: This is kind of incredible luminosity that exists here 77 00:03:27,577 --> 00:03:32,863 but actually according to some conservators, Rothko's colors have lost a lot of their edge 78 00:03:32,863 --> 00:03:36,330 and I wonder what they would have looked like, even been more luminous 79 00:03:36,330 --> 00:03:37,396 Beth: They're very vivid. 80 00:03:37,396 --> 00:03:40,998 Steven: So, this notion that one's not after a sort of finished product 81 00:03:40,998 --> 00:03:43,247 but that these are process-oriented paintings 82 00:03:43,247 --> 00:03:46,197 you know the famous term that Rosenberg used was "Action Painting" 83 00:03:46,197 --> 00:03:49,395 we don't usually think about that term in relationship to Rothko 84 00:03:49,395 --> 00:03:53,185 because there's a kind of centrality and a kind of balance that's... 85 00:03:53,185 --> 00:03:57,137 Beth: Well, and when you think of action you think about Pallega, you know, leaning over the... 86 00:03:57,137 --> 00:04:00,332 Steven: But I think there is a kind of "provisional-ness" and a process of finding, 87 00:04:00,332 --> 00:04:05,942 I think you're absolutely right, which is very much tied to the artist and his experience in the making of this canvas 88 00:04:05,942 --> 00:04:10,169 and I think that the "authentic-ness" of the canvas can really be embedded in that notion 89 00:04:10,169 --> 00:04:13,502 Beth: Of finding, of the artist exploring 90 00:04:13,502 --> 00:04:14,933 Steven: Finding and feeling, yeah 91 00:04:14,933 --> 00:04:17,412 I think that's exactly right, you know it's interesting, because... 92 00:04:17,412 --> 00:04:20,529 Beth: So, there's a kind of turn toward the psyche of the artist 93 00:04:20,529 --> 00:04:22,524 Steven: Exactly right, this is an expression of the interior 94 00:04:22,524 --> 00:04:24,749 but, sort of funny, is that in the next generation 95 00:04:24,749 --> 00:04:27,415 some artists will begin to disavow that 96 00:04:27,415 --> 00:04:28,864 Beth: Complete rejection of that 97 00:04:28,864 --> 00:04:31,460 Steven: Right, because this is seen as a kind of psycho-analytic heroism 98 00:04:31,460 --> 00:04:33,859 growing out of the European surrealism, etc. 99 00:04:33,859 --> 00:04:36,334 Growing out of Jung, out of Freud 100 00:04:36,334 --> 00:04:39,581 but in a kind of purely American idiom, native american kind of scale 101 00:04:39,581 --> 00:04:41,665 this sort of grandeur and space 102 00:04:41,665 --> 00:04:46,680 Beth: Right, so use Worhol as a kind of reaction to the soup cans 103 00:04:46,680 --> 00:04:48,728 Steven: Absolutely, or Rauschenberger, even Jasper 104 00:04:48,728 --> 00:04:54,797 Beth: That sort of statement that art is about, is not about some kind of inner psychic state, right 105 00:04:54,797 --> 00:05:00,203 Steven: But, this is in some ways a very beautiful and expressive kind of romanticism in that way, isn't it? 106 00:05:00,203 --> 00:05:01,100 Beth: I think so.