1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:02,263 嗨 我的名字是約瑟夫·斯卡瑪多。 2 00:00:02,263 --> 00:00:08,027 我是聖地牙哥州立大學的哲學系助理教授和 3 00:00:08,027 --> 00:00:11,359 公共事務研究所的副主任。 4 00:00:11,359 --> 00:00:16,578 我專門研究有關殘疾 和生物倫理學的哲學。 5 00:00:16,581 --> 00:00:19,151 我也是一位殘疾人。 6 00:00:19,151 --> 00:00:21,819 我有脊髓損傷, 7 00:00:21,819 --> 00:00:24,754 以及罕見的侏儒症, 8 00:00:24,754 --> 00:00:28,513 所以我是買一得二。 9 00:00:28,513 --> 00:00:34,080 因此,我對歧視的第一印像是 10 00:00:35,489 --> 00:00:40,589 其實,很難說, 11 00:00:43,296 --> 00:00:47,116 就恥辱或偏執的經歷而言, 12 00:00:47,116 --> 00:00:51,773 我有很多記憶。 13 00:00:51,773 --> 00:00:54,704 主要是在我的侏儒症方面。 14 00:00:54,704 --> 00:00:55,710 所以, 15 00:00:55,710 --> 00:00:59,964 我對此有很多早期的記憶 16 00:00:59,968 --> 00:01:03,033 有關從很小的時候 就遭遇到孩子們的凝視和嘲笑 17 00:01:03,033 --> 00:01:07,527 以及諸如此類的經驗。 18 00:01:07,527 --> 00:01:11,249 然後,到目前為止, 19 00:01:11,249 --> 00:01:15,208 我遭遇到某種將我排除在 20 00:01:15,208 --> 00:01:19,093 我想做的事情之外的 21 00:01:19,093 --> 00:01:21,900 更系統性的歧視。 22 00:01:21,900 --> 00:01:26,063 我小時候的經歷非常好, 23 00:01:26,063 --> 00:01:30,726 主要是因為我父母確實做了很多 24 00:01:30,726 --> 00:01:33,485 確保我被包括在內。 25 00:01:33,485 --> 00:01:36,638 我記得在當童子軍 26 00:01:36,638 --> 00:01:37,964 和小童子軍時, 27 00:01:37,964 --> 00:01:42,677 我父親,真的和我一起做了很多 28 00:01:42,677 --> 00:01:48,121 以確保即使我有殘疾也能參加- 29 00:01:48,121 --> 00:01:50,033 和我一起去露營 30 00:01:50,699 --> 00:01:53,489 隨時在一旁照顧我 31 00:01:53,489 --> 00:01:56,501 確保我能夠 32 00:01:56,501 --> 00:01:57,732 去和參加 33 00:01:57,732 --> 00:01:59,772 諸如此類的。 34 00:01:59,772 --> 00:02:03,191 因此,我的第一個真實體驗到被排斥 35 00:02:03,191 --> 00:02:05,683 因此,我的第一個真實體驗到被排斥 36 00:02:05,683 --> 00:02:07,799 發生在上高中的時候 37 00:02:07,799 --> 00:02:09,349 發生在上高中的時候 38 00:02:09,349 --> 00:02:12,248 我上的是我們鎮上的公立學校 39 00:02:12,248 --> 00:02:13,812 一直到八年級。 40 00:02:13,812 --> 00:02:17,228 然後上高中時, 41 00:02:17,228 --> 00:02:21,228 我應該去上 42 00:02:21,228 --> 00:02:25,131 我的哥哥姐姐去上的 43 00:02:25,131 --> 00:02:27,307 私立的宗教學校。 44 00:02:27,307 --> 00:02:30,300 我參加了入學考試甚至 45 00:02:30,300 --> 00:02:32,750 拿到一個小的獎學金。 46 00:02:32,750 --> 00:02:35,910 但是這個學校沒有電梯。 47 00:02:35,910 --> 00:02:39,847 我是用小電動車代步 48 00:02:39,847 --> 00:02:41,790 我是用小電動車代步 49 00:02:41,790 --> 00:02:44,260 所以我不可能去 50 00:02:44,260 --> 00:02:45,420 那個學校上課 51 00:02:45,420 --> 00:02:48,110 因為那個學校沒有電梯。 52 00:02:48,110 --> 00:02:51,960 那時實際上 ADA 《美國殘疾人法》已經通過了, 53 00:02:52,444 --> 00:02:55,448 但是因為那是 54 00:02:55,448 --> 00:02:57,792 一個宗教學校 55 00:02:57,792 --> 00:03:00,058 所以它沒有被 ADA 要求。 56 00:03:00,058 --> 00:03:01,288 所以它沒有被 ADA 要求。 57 00:03:01,288 --> 00:03:04,658 因此,我無法 58 00:03:04,658 --> 00:03:06,696 根據那個法律 59 00:03:06,696 --> 00:03:09,746 來要求學校遵循。 60 00:03:09,746 --> 00:03:11,673 要求學校遵循。 61 00:03:11,673 --> 00:03:14,888 所以我還是只好去上鎮上的公立高中。 62 00:03:14,888 --> 00:03:17,473 其實我對此覺得很高興。 63 00:03:17,473 --> 00:03:19,823 因為我所有的朋友都上那個高中。 64 00:03:19,823 --> 00:03:24,421 但我仍然遇到困境 65 00:03:24,421 --> 00:03:26,421 事實上... 66 00:03:26,421 --> 00:03:29,563 我不是可以所有地方都能去到, 67 00:03:29,573 --> 00:03:32,723 並非所有地方都有為殘障人士設計 68 00:03:32,723 --> 00:03:34,259 因此這是我一生 69 00:03:34,259 --> 00:03:35,869 都必需自己去面對 70 00:03:35,869 --> 00:03:38,024 都必需自己去面對 71 00:03:38,242 --> 00:03:43,732 至於記得 ADA 72 00:03:43,732 --> 00:03:44,882 以及它的通過 73 00:03:44,882 --> 00:03:45,992 這樣的事情。 74 00:03:45,992 --> 00:03:49,932 在我很小的時候 ADA 就通過了, 75 00:03:49,932 --> 00:03:51,249 我有時被稱為 76 00:03:51,249 --> 00:03:54,146 ADA 一代,意思是 77 00:03:54,723 --> 00:03:58,232 我和 ADA 一起長大。 78 00:03:58,248 --> 00:04:00,367 我出生於 1982 年, 79 00:04:00,381 --> 00:04:02,181 在我 8 歲或 9 歲的時候 80 00:04:02,181 --> 00:04:06,499 ADA 被通過了,所以我沒有 81 00:04:06,499 --> 00:04:08,506 “啊哈!”的 82 00:04:08,514 --> 00:04:12,487 它被過過的那一刻的記憶。 83 00:04:12,505 --> 00:04:16,171 以及我當時的所在的地方 84 00:04:16,171 --> 00:04:17,721 或類似的東西的記憶。 85 00:04:17,721 --> 00:04:19,744 但是我記得我父親 86 00:04:19,744 --> 00:04:25,441 在我要上高中的時候 87 00:04:25,441 --> 00:04:26,666 對我解釋這一件事。 88 00:04:26,666 --> 00:04:28,276 當我經驗到那個 89 00:04:28,276 --> 00:04:30,544 私立天主教學校的那件事, 90 00:04:32,471 --> 00:04:34,798 那種系統性的 91 00:04:34,798 --> 00:04:37,208 歧視經驗, 92 00:04:38,238 --> 00:04:40,010 我父親解釋說 93 00:04:40,010 --> 00:04:45,250 我能夠去公立學校以及其他公共場所 94 00:04:45,250 --> 00:04:50,917 是因為 ADA 95 00:04:50,917 --> 00:04:52,924 這個法律規定 96 00:04:52,924 --> 00:04:56,214 哪些地方要能讓 97 00:04:56,214 --> 00:04:57,357 坐輪椅和 98 00:04:57,357 --> 00:05:00,485 像我當時一樣用電動車代步的人也能使用。 99 00:05:00,485 --> 00:05:01,596 所以那是我 100 00:05:01,596 --> 00:05:03,564 對 ADA 的認識, 101 00:05:03,564 --> 00:05:06,600 以及我的第一次意識到歧視, 102 00:05:06,600 --> 00:05:08,870 好像有點酷。我想。 103 00:05:08,870 --> 00:05:12,346 因為有那個經驗, 104 00:05:12,346 --> 00:05:13,133 「好吧, 105 00:05:13,133 --> 00:05:16,913 這是對你來說將是一個挑戰。 106 00:05:16,913 --> 00:05:20,894 這是你會被如何保護, 以及這是關於它你可以做些什麼。” 107 00:05:20,894 --> 00:05:24,129 就是這樣,在某種程度上, 108 00:05:24,129 --> 00:05:26,922 我也被喚醒成為倡導者。 109 00:05:30,477 --> 00:05:35,707 現在,至於 ADA 在我的生活中 110 00:05:36,124 --> 00:05:49,612 或者別人的生活上造成的不同是 我想當然它是一個非常重要的法律 111 00:05:49,612 --> 00:05:53,709 給殘障人士開闢了各種機會 112 00:05:53,709 --> 00:06:00,276 從公共交通,讓他們能夠在社區裡四處走動, 113 00:06:00,276 --> 00:06:07,139 基於ADA,宅基地的決定,當這些人 114 00:06:07,139 --> 00:06:10,436 需要任何種類的長期照護, 115 00:06:10,436 --> 00:06:14,090 他們需要最少限制性環境,這意味著 116 00:06:14,090 --> 00:06:18,504 你不能只是把他們放在養護機構裡或 將他們如放在倉庫裡一般, 117 00:06:18,504 --> 00:06:24,317 因為那樣對你更方便,你需要確保 他們能夠生活在社區中 118 00:06:24,317 --> 00:06:29,609 或是為他們來說,最好的地方。 119 00:06:31,580 --> 00:06:39,346 ADA 還做什麼? 只是 如你所知,能夠受過教育, 120 00:06:39,462 --> 00:06:46,045 擁有工作的能力, 這些對我和其他人來說, 121 00:06:46,051 --> 00:06:52,500 都是是由 ADA 造成的。 老實說,我真的不能想像 122 00:06:52,500 --> 00:06:54,367 在 ADA 之前的情況。 123 00:06:54,367 --> 00:06:58,637 我的意思是,我可以想像得到,但是 我很高興 124 00:06:58,637 --> 00:06:59,908 我不必體驗一下。 125 00:06:59,908 --> 00:07:07,989 ADA 在很大範圍內對於個人經歷, 126 00:07:08,049 --> 00:07:15,356 還有各種各樣的殘疾政治問題 發揮了作用。 對嗎? 127 00:07:15,502 --> 00:07:27,709 所以,我的最近的個人經歷 受到 ADA 的影響 128 00:07:28,187 --> 00:07:38,699 是我與我的兩個孩子 一起獨立生活的能力。 129 00:07:38,919 --> 00:07:45,067 我認為,在通過 ADA 之前, 要做到這一點會困難得多。 130 00:07:45,115 --> 00:07:52,097 你知道養育孩子意味著我必須 進入許多不同的公共場所, 131 00:07:52,097 --> 00:07:59,012 也要做一些,你想一下,專業上來說, 我可能不會被‘要求’要做的各種不同事情, 132 00:07:59,064 --> 00:08:02,495 或只是在日常生活上的事,如果我沒有它們。 133 00:08:02,495 --> 00:08:07,517 所以去動物園,或者臨時要去 雜貨店 134 00:08:07,517 --> 00:08:16,633 或者你知道的,無論它是什麼, 我認為,你知道-- 135 00:08:16,733 --> 00:08:20,122 如開設日托中心等等。 136 00:08:20,122 --> 00:08:24,419 ADA 將所有這些對我, 輪椅使用者,都打開了, 137 00:08:24,419 --> 00:08:32,261 所以這就是它最近對我的生活的 個人影響很大的地方。 138 00:08:33,410 --> 00:08:39,971 現在,有一件事 我想我可以專業地說, 139 00:08:39,971 --> 00:08:49,711 關於ADA及其影響或 缺乏影響可能有兩個方面: 140 00:08:49,711 --> 00:09:00,894 一是我做為身體殘障人的特權-- 141 00:09:01,159 --> 00:09:04,394 當然有一個殘疾等級制度, 所以身體殘障 142 00:09:04,394 --> 00:09:10,715 通常位於該層次結構的頂部。 精神病患者 143 00:09:10,715 --> 00:09:13,104 和智力發展的殘疾者, 144 00:09:13,104 --> 00:09:15,164 在結構上的層次有點低。 145 00:09:15,609 --> 00:09:22,988 因此,作為身體殘障人士, 與本來性別一致的異性戀白人, 146 00:09:22,988 --> 00:09:28,794 我從 ADA 中比那些沒有那種特權的 147 00:09:29,357 --> 00:09:32,702 很多其他人所受益的更多。 148 00:09:32,702 --> 00:09:40,235 我想,例如關於 ADA 真的如何被設計成 149 00:09:40,254 --> 00:09:44,665 倡導您所認為的機會均等, 150 00:09:45,118 --> 00:09:51,065 意思是美國的經濟生活, 每個人在某種程度上 151 00:09:51,065 --> 00:09:57,420 都有平等的競爭的機會 152 00:09:57,420 --> 00:10:05,245 因此,它允許您進入 勞動力並參與教育系統等等 153 00:10:05,245 --> 00:10:06,350 並且競爭。 154 00:10:06,350 --> 00:10:11,380 但是它沒有做的是 解決其他任何優勢 155 00:10:11,380 --> 00:10:12,380 或與之相交的劣勢 能力主義。 156 00:10:12,380 --> 00:10:18,365 或與之相交的劣勢 能力主義。 157 00:10:19,349 --> 00:10:25,324 我認為那些是 ADA 的 一個真正的問題。 158 00:10:25,918 --> 00:10:30,808 我有受到良好的教育, 我有碩士和博士學位。 159 00:10:31,757 --> 00:10:39,196 因此,我認為我所受到的待遇 不會那麼容易獲得 160 00:10:39,196 --> 00:10:43,915 如果我沒有這其他的特權(教育和學位)。 161 00:10:43,915 --> 00:10:48,119 ADA 沒有做任何事情去解決, 只是對待所有殘疾人, 162 00:10:48,248 --> 00:10:53,730 好像他們都是一樣,好像他們只需要做一件事, 163 00:10:53,730 --> 00:10:57,560 那就是他們必須處理的是結構性的 能力主義。但那不是真的,對吧? 164 00:10:58,333 --> 00:11:13,178 我認為關於殘疾的另一件事 ADA 無法解決的問題是經濟學方面。 165 00:11:13,178 --> 00:11:19,911 我認為 儘管有競爭能力, 166 00:11:19,911 --> 00:11:24,440 許多殘疾人仍然是極端貧困, 167 00:11:24,440 --> 00:11:30,750 因為其他的因素 使他們不可能去競爭, 168 00:11:30,750 --> 00:11:33,107 不只是因為他們的殘障。 169 00:11:33,107 --> 00:11:40,179 因此,我最難過的部分是 你看其他系統 170 00:11:40,179 --> 00:11:43,089 的設計是在幫助殘疾人士 擺脫貧困, 171 00:11:43,089 --> 00:11:47,239 甚至他們都不認識 特權在這些情況下起作用。 172 00:11:47,239 --> 00:11:56,592 甚至他們都不認識 特權在這些情況下起作用。. 173 00:11:56,598 --> 00:12:02,006 例如職能康復系統。 174 00:12:02,039 --> 00:12:06,221 我從職能康復系統學到了收益很多, 所以我不想只是 175 00:12:06,221 --> 00:12:08,996 坐在這裡攻擊它,對嗎? 176 00:12:08,996 --> 00:12:16,542 職能康復系統幫助我 買一輛我能開車的箱型車, 177 00:12:16,542 --> 00:12:18,708 這樣我就可以往返 178 00:12:18,719 --> 00:12:24,260 我的工作地點,從學校開始, 學校很大,對嗎? 179 00:12:24,336 --> 00:12:28,771 但是我得到那輛廂型車的唯一原因是: 180 00:12:28,774 --> 00:12:34,209 第一,因為我負擔得起廂型車本身, 沒有很多殘疾人能做到的這一點, 181 00:12:34,223 --> 00:12:37,912 尤其是如果他們還沒有在工作,以及 182 00:12:37,912 --> 00:12:43,562 第二 因為 VOC 康復顧問認為 183 00:12:43,562 --> 00:12:46,281 我值得投資, 對嗎? 184 00:12:46,594 --> 00:12:54,222 沒有我所擁有的那些優勢的人, 185 00:12:54,222 --> 00:13:04,902 包括我那種的殘疾,我的家庭的資源, 我的膚色和性別, 186 00:13:04,902 --> 00:13:09,832 如果沒有這些,康復顧問很可能 會說, 187 00:13:09,832 --> 00:13:17,088 「你可搭巴士,我們不會花那麼多錢來協助你學習開車。」 188 00:13:17,088 --> 00:13:21,360 因為他們不會相信他們的投資 可以得到收益, 189 00:13:21,360 --> 00:13:28,348 因為這個人將不會找到薪水高的工作等等, 190 00:13:28,348 --> 00:13:31,514 所以我認為這也是 191 00:13:31,514 --> 00:13:35,792 ADA 無法解決的這種的交叉性大問題。 192 00:13:35,792 --> 00:13:40,428 來給予一些殘疾人士在這個系統內得到好處, 193 00:13:40,428 --> 00:13:50,346 當這個系統原來的設計是幫助他們, 而一些其他人沒有得到好處。 194 00:13:50,346 --> 00:13:54,508 這是一個大問題。 195 00:13:54,508 --> 00:13:59,642 就我的專業領域,生物倫理學, 196 00:13:59,642 --> 00:14:05,092 ADA 肯定有一些極大幫助的方面, 197 00:14:05,092 --> 00:14:11,034 和一些沒有幫到的方面。 198 00:14:11,034 --> 00:14:14,719 我先從正面說,好嗎? 我們先說好消息。 199 00:14:16,689 --> 00:14:20,715 我認為我可以 200 00:14:20,715 --> 00:14:24,575 以一種非常具體的方式指出 201 00:14:24,575 --> 00:14:26,508 ADA有幫助的一種方式是 202 00:14:26,508 --> 00:14:29,437 在醫療保健配給方面, 203 00:14:29,437 --> 00:14:36,554 美國的醫療保健問題 當然是一個棘手的話題。 204 00:14:37,844 --> 00:14:45,443 它很棘手因為有大家認為資源不足-- 205 00:14:45,443 --> 00:14:48,469 醫療保健的需求 206 00:14:48,469 --> 00:14:52,042 超過它能提供的。 207 00:14:52,042 --> 00:15:01,654 所以,當我們討論擴張醫療保健 給更多的人的時候, 208 00:15:01,654 --> 00:15:11,161 在沒有同時擴充醫療保健的資源情況下, 209 00:15:11,161 --> 00:15:15,230 當然就會是一個很大的問題, 因為一些人就無法得到 210 00:15:15,230 --> 00:15:17,579 他們所需要的。對嗎? 211 00:15:17,579 --> 00:15:21,795 你必需先有預算, 212 00:15:21,795 --> 00:15:26,995 或用生物倫理的名詞來說, 分配式的醫療保健。 213 00:15:30,036 --> 00:15:34,345 這已被證明是個問題了 214 00:15:34,345 --> 00:15:47,035 因為當在小規模的實施時, 如在奧勒岡州, 215 00:15:47,035 --> 00:15:50,187 當 ADA 通過時, 我對時間上不是很確定, 216 00:15:50,187 --> 00:15:56,997 我不是歷史學家-但當奧勒岡州擴張 217 00:15:56,997 --> 00:16:05,509 到公開給更多人提供醫療保健時, 他們這樣做的時候, 218 00:16:05,509 --> 00:16:13,850 他們需要確保他們有方法來 決定醫療保健涵蓋的內容的優先順序 219 00:16:13,850 --> 00:16:15,204 和不涵蓋的部分。 220 00:16:15,204 --> 00:16:19,263 而他們做的時候, 221 00:16:19,263 --> 00:16:21,253 後來變得很明顯的是很多 殘障人士 222 00:16:21,253 --> 00:16:24,100 被醫療保健系統分配到不涵蓋的部分。 223 00:16:24,100 --> 00:16:25,815 很多殘疾人士需要的醫療保健項目 224 00:16:25,815 --> 00:16:27,892 沒有涵蓋在內。 225 00:16:27,892 --> 00:16:30,599 對於殘疾人士 226 00:16:30,599 --> 00:16:33,794 許多應該支付的項目 227 00:16:33,794 --> 00:16:40,078 沒有包括在內 228 00:16:40,078 --> 00:16:48,324 對奧勒岡州的訴訟。 基本上是說: 229 00:16:48,324 --> 00:16:53,031 「你不能歧視殘疾人, 基於他們的殘障 230 00:16:53,031 --> 00:16:58,383 不提供醫療。」 231 00:16:58,443 --> 00:17:00,830 你不能如此說, 232 00:17:00,830 --> 00:17:05,924 「這個人無法從提供醫療給他們後 得到利益。 233 00:17:05,924 --> 00:17:09,446 他們最後也不會健康,因為他們還是有殘障, 234 00:17:09,446 --> 00:17:13,356 所以我們不要給他們治療的選擇。」 235 00:17:13,445 --> 00:17:20,356 對嗎?對於生物倫理來說是個大贏。 236 00:17:20,356 --> 00:17:24,251 那就是 ADA 造成的直接結果。 237 00:17:24,280 --> 00:17:29,620 最近,我們有一個類似的狀況發生 238 00:17:30,349 --> 00:17:34,349 因為新型冠狀肺炎流行病。 239 00:17:35,288 --> 00:17:43,770 具體來說,所謂的 「緊急醫療保健協議」 240 00:17:44,099 --> 00:17:53,455 正在為醫院開發 預期的系統和狀態 241 00:17:53,455 --> 00:18:03,293 需要更多的重症監護病房床位, 呼吸機等 242 00:18:03,465 --> 00:18:05,164 目前實際所缺乏的。 243 00:18:05,195 --> 00:18:09,338 誰可以使用加護病房的床位等等, 244 00:18:09,367 --> 00:18:14,269 誰可以使用加護病房的床位等等, 245 00:18:14,269 --> 00:18:19,636 隨著疫情的增加並持續下去。 246 00:18:19,794 --> 00:18:26,596 所以有一些對殘疾人具有很大的歧視性 247 00:18:26,596 --> 00:18:29,311 被制訂出來。 248 00:18:29,386 --> 00:18:35,987 特別是在阿拉巴馬州,有一個是說 249 00:18:35,987 --> 00:18:41,912 任何有智力殘疾或者癡呆的人 如果他們獲得COVID-19 250 00:18:41,912 --> 00:18:51,017 將不會有獲得這些救命資源的優先權- 251 00:18:51,321 --> 00:18:59,729 在華盛頓州有一條對殘疾人士非常歧視的條款 252 00:18:59,729 --> 00:19:08,093 說如果你原來有殘疾 253 00:19:08,348 --> 00:19:15,740 在治療後你仍會有殘疾, 254 00:19:16,020 --> 00:19:22,195 你不會獲得 COVID-19 的 255 00:19:22,195 --> 00:19:24,361 救命的生命支持治療。 256 00:19:24,361 --> 00:19:29,295 在美國各地有各種各樣的這種情形 257 00:19:29,934 --> 00:19:36,049 是真的是有問題的非常明顯的歧視殘疾人士 258 00:19:36,049 --> 00:19:41,234 當涉及到 正在接受COVID的治療 259 00:19:41,515 --> 00:19:49,838 因此,有一些來自保護和宣傳機構的人 260 00:19:49,838 --> 00:19:54,826 加州殘疾人權利協會是其中一員。 261 00:19:54,955 --> 00:20:01,202 每個州都有由聯邦政府 資助的保護和倡導的機構。 262 00:20:01,202 --> 00:20:05,760 非營利律師事務所來保護 殘疾人權利, 263 00:20:05,760 --> 00:20:14,595 所以他們起訴了這些州和醫院 系統,並讓聯邦政府 264 00:20:14,595 --> 00:20:22,951 提供治療分配的指導方針 基本上說 265 00:20:22,951 --> 00:20:26,613 你不能以這種方式歧視殘疾人士。 266 00:20:26,613 --> 00:20:34,215 那是您唯一可以保留 COVID-19的治療方法是當 267 00:20:34,215 --> 00:20:40,406 很明顯地那個人的殘疾不會 268 00:20:40,406 --> 00:20:45,356 從治療中受益,你知道 他們的殘疾 269 00:20:45,967 --> 00:20:50,527 將使他非常非常不可能 在病毒中倖存下來 270 00:20:50,527 --> 00:20:58,422 即使在使用某種呼吸機或 重症監護情況下。 271 00:20:58,847 --> 00:21:03,458 因此,這當然是非常不同的 因為像需要 272 00:21:03,458 --> 00:21:09,714 輪椅或輪椅等輔助設備 需要幫助穿衣和洗澡 273 00:21:09,714 --> 00:21:17,962 或擁有這些本來可以 意味著人們不會拿到定量分配 274 00:21:17,962 --> 00:21:21,490 這些協議中的一些 與是否有關 275 00:21:28,432 --> 00:21:42,011 所以這當然是一件好事 這些協議被更改 276 00:21:43,216 --> 00:21:47,216 因為他們中有很多人本來會 分配不到的理由 277 00:21:47,308 --> 00:21:51,674 與他們是否會戰勝 278 00:21:51,674 --> 00:21:53,632 這個病毒無關。對嗎? 279 00:21:53,648 --> 00:21:59,198 280 00:21:59,198 --> 00:22:01,343 281 00:22:01,343 --> 00:22:04,533 282 00:22:04,533 --> 00:22:11,444 283 00:22:11,444 --> 00:22:16,203 284 00:22:17,327 --> 00:22:24,375 285 00:22:25,678 --> 00:22:31,728 286 00:22:31,728 --> 00:22:34,589 287 00:22:36,806 --> 00:22:45,986 288 00:22:46,060 --> 00:22:53,335 289 00:22:53,755 --> 00:22:56,167 290 00:22:57,537 --> 00:23:06,916 291 00:23:07,537 --> 00:23:12,551 292 00:23:13,531 --> 00:23:16,597 293 00:23:17,474 --> 00:23:27,393 294 00:23:28,535 --> 00:23:30,834 295 00:23:31,496 --> 00:23:37,742 296 00:23:38,659 --> 00:23:43,969 297 00:23:44,224 --> 00:23:47,344 298 00:23:48,275 --> 00:23:54,736 299 00:23:55,487 --> 00:24:00,000 300 00:24:00,078 --> 00:24:04,078 301 00:24:04,371 --> 00:24:08,901 302 00:24:08,901 --> 00:24:10,194 303 00:24:10,194 --> 00:24:11,777 304 00:24:12,550 --> 00:24:16,550 305 00:24:16,943 --> 00:24:20,167 306 00:24:20,167 --> 00:24:21,857 307 00:24:22,385 --> 00:24:24,476 308 00:24:25,034 --> 00:24:27,038 309 00:24:27,038 --> 00:24:31,251 310 00:24:31,868 --> 00:24:35,419 311 00:24:35,419 --> 00:24:37,747 312 00:24:39,213 --> 00:24:42,052 313 00:24:42,052 --> 00:24:44,245 314 00:24:45,204 --> 00:24:47,580 315 00:24:48,137 --> 00:24:50,589 316 00:24:51,684 --> 00:24:53,885 317 00:24:53,885 --> 00:24:54,849 318 00:24:55,135 --> 00:24:59,595 319 00:24:59,595 --> 00:25:01,521 320 00:25:02,050 --> 00:25:05,348 321 00:25:05,348 --> 00:25:09,068 322 00:25:09,068 --> 00:25:11,284 323 00:25:11,284 --> 00:25:13,567 324 00:25:13,567 --> 00:25:15,505 325 00:25:15,505 --> 00:25:16,805 326 00:25:17,693 --> 00:25:22,555 327 00:25:23,722 --> 00:25:27,722 328 00:25:27,776 --> 00:25:30,306 329 00:25:30,370 --> 00:25:32,420 330 00:25:32,420 --> 00:25:35,150 331 00:25:35,150 --> 00:25:37,690 332 00:25:37,690 --> 00:25:40,193 333 00:25:40,193 --> 00:25:40,903 334 00:25:41,749 --> 00:25:45,749 335 00:25:45,984 --> 00:25:53,121 336 00:25:53,264 --> 00:25:55,499 337 00:25:55,499 --> 00:25:58,499 338 00:25:58,499 --> 00:26:00,515 339 00:26:00,515 --> 00:26:03,646 340 00:26:03,646 --> 00:26:06,919 341 00:26:07,763 --> 00:26:13,250 342 00:26:14,397 --> 00:26:18,994 343 00:26:19,618 --> 00:26:23,618 344 00:26:24,774 --> 00:26:28,336 345 00:26:28,549 --> 00:26:31,053 346 00:26:31,053 --> 00:26:32,823 347 00:26:32,823 --> 00:26:36,023 348 00:26:36,023 --> 00:26:41,900 349 00:26:41,900 --> 00:26:45,900 350 00:26:45,900 --> 00:26:47,807 351 00:26:49,043 --> 00:26:53,255 352 00:26:53,255 --> 00:26:57,866 353 00:26:57,875 --> 00:27:03,575 354 00:27:03,575 --> 00:27:06,975 355 00:27:06,975 --> 00:27:10,975 356 00:27:11,869 --> 00:27:14,428 357 00:27:14,943 --> 00:27:17,893 358 00:27:17,893 --> 00:27:20,619 359 00:27:20,619 --> 00:27:22,597 360 00:27:22,729 --> 00:27:25,037 361 00:27:25,037 --> 00:27:26,754 362 00:27:26,754 --> 00:27:28,334 363 00:27:28,462 --> 00:27:34,935 364 00:27:34,935 --> 00:27:37,452 365 00:27:37,452 --> 00:27:39,973 366 00:27:40,011 --> 00:27:45,453 367 00:27:45,453 --> 00:27:48,556 368 00:27:48,556 --> 00:27:52,743 369 00:27:52,743 --> 00:27:58,974 370 00:27:58,974 --> 00:28:02,000 371 00:28:02,000 --> 00:28:06,106 372 00:28:07,122 --> 00:28:09,603 373 00:28:09,603 --> 00:28:12,168 374 00:28:12,402 --> 00:28:15,225 375 00:28:15,225 --> 00:28:17,654 376 00:28:17,654 --> 00:28:18,901 377 00:28:19,502 --> 00:28:23,502 378 00:28:23,592 --> 00:28:28,352 379 00:28:28,352 --> 00:28:32,352 380 00:28:32,352 --> 00:28:36,352 381 00:28:36,352 --> 00:28:38,931 382 00:28:40,068 --> 00:28:50,474 383 00:28:50,474 --> 00:28:52,196 384 00:28:53,499 --> 00:28:58,790 385 00:28:58,790 --> 00:29:04,580 386 00:29:04,580 --> 00:29:07,334 387 00:29:07,334 --> 00:29:09,432 388 00:29:09,622 --> 00:29:11,218 389 00:29:13,154 --> 00:29:16,323 390 00:29:16,323 --> 00:29:18,087 391 00:29:18,087 --> 00:29:20,025 392 00:29:20,025 --> 00:29:22,017 393 00:29:22,700 --> 00:29:25,134 394 00:29:25,217 --> 00:29:27,144 395 00:29:27,819 --> 00:29:30,048 396 00:29:31,091 --> 00:29:33,299 397 00:29:33,299 --> 00:29:34,609 398 00:29:34,609 --> 00:29:36,510 399 00:29:36,640 --> 00:29:39,479 400 00:29:40,484 --> 00:29:46,377 401 00:29:46,674 --> 00:29:49,518 402 00:29:49,518 --> 00:29:52,045 403 00:29:52,045 --> 00:29:53,649 404 00:29:55,219 --> 00:29:58,059 405 00:29:58,059 --> 00:29:59,812 406 00:30:00,951 --> 00:30:05,570 407 00:30:05,570 --> 00:30:09,570 408 00:30:09,570 --> 00:30:13,570 409 00:30:13,570 --> 00:30:16,740 410 00:30:16,740 --> 00:30:18,270 411 00:30:19,834 --> 00:30:22,706 412 00:30:23,176 --> 00:30:26,204 413 00:30:26,204 --> 00:30:28,484 414 00:30:28,484 --> 00:30:31,356 415 00:30:31,356 --> 00:30:33,801 416 00:30:35,809 --> 00:30:37,807 417 00:30:37,807 --> 00:30:40,100 418 00:30:40,100 --> 00:30:43,770 419 00:30:43,770 --> 00:30:46,464 420 00:30:47,994 --> 00:30:50,334 421 00:30:50,334 --> 00:30:52,073 422 00:30:53,082 --> 00:30:55,047 423 00:30:55,047 --> 00:30:56,777 424 00:30:56,959 --> 00:30:59,262 425 00:30:59,830 --> 00:31:03,830 426 00:31:03,830 --> 00:31:07,630 427 00:31:07,630 --> 00:31:11,725 428 00:31:11,725 --> 00:31:13,422 429 00:31:14,821 --> 00:31:18,821 430 00:31:19,536 --> 00:31:23,536 431 00:31:23,663 --> 00:31:26,782 432 00:31:26,782 --> 00:31:30,782 433 00:31:30,865 --> 00:31:33,684 434 00:31:33,684 --> 00:31:35,093 435 00:31:35,093 --> 00:31:37,881 436 00:31:37,881 --> 00:31:41,881 437 00:31:41,881 --> 00:31:43,951 438 00:31:43,951 --> 00:31:46,547 439 00:31:46,547 --> 00:31:53,012 440 00:31:53,012 --> 00:31:57,012 441 00:31:57,012 --> 00:32:02,217 442 00:32:03,977 --> 00:32:07,857 443 00:32:07,857 --> 00:32:10,837 444 00:32:11,820 --> 00:32:14,188 445 00:32:14,188 --> 00:32:17,137 446 00:32:17,137 --> 00:32:23,581 447 00:32:23,581 --> 00:32:25,968 448 00:32:26,504 --> 00:32:29,880 449 00:32:29,880 --> 00:32:33,880 450 00:32:33,974 --> 00:32:36,563 451 00:32:36,563 --> 00:32:39,341 452 00:32:39,341 --> 00:32:42,265 453 00:32:42,265 --> 00:32:44,179 454 00:32:44,179 --> 00:32:48,483 455 00:32:48,483 --> 00:32:51,149 456 00:32:51,149 --> 00:32:54,434 457 00:32:54,434 --> 00:32:58,361 458 00:32:58,361 --> 00:33:01,168 459 00:33:01,168 --> 00:33:04,468 460 00:33:04,468 --> 00:33:06,643 461 00:33:06,643 --> 00:33:09,101 462 00:33:09,101 --> 00:33:11,771 463 00:33:12,542 --> 00:33:16,232 464 00:33:16,232 --> 00:33:21,292 465 00:33:21,292 --> 00:33:23,303 466 00:33:23,303 --> 00:33:25,389 467 00:33:25,389 --> 00:33:28,801 468 00:33:28,801 --> 00:33:34,661 469 00:33:34,661 --> 00:33:37,351 470 00:33:37,351 --> 00:33:41,051 471 00:33:41,051 --> 00:33:44,395 472 00:33:44,395 --> 00:33:46,015 473 00:33:46,015 --> 00:33:48,230 474 00:33:48,230 --> 00:33:50,655 475 00:33:50,655 --> 00:33:53,340 476 00:33:53,340 --> 00:33:57,340 477 00:33:57,340 --> 00:34:01,540 478 00:34:01,540 --> 00:34:03,456 479 00:34:03,456 --> 00:34:05,636 480 00:34:05,636 --> 00:34:07,915 481 00:34:07,915 --> 00:34:13,541 482 00:34:14,113 --> 00:34:17,763 483 00:34:17,763 --> 00:34:21,763 484 00:34:22,099 --> 00:34:24,973 485 00:34:24,973 --> 00:34:27,159 486 00:34:27,159 --> 00:34:29,761 487 00:34:29,761 --> 00:34:32,830 488 00:34:32,830 --> 00:34:35,168 489 00:34:35,411 --> 00:34:38,961 490 00:34:38,961 --> 00:34:41,781 491 00:34:41,781 --> 00:34:43,522 492 00:34:43,522 --> 00:34:46,251 493 00:34:46,710 --> 00:34:49,471 494 00:34:49,802 --> 00:34:53,034 495 00:34:53,382 --> 00:34:56,665 496 00:34:56,665 --> 00:35:00,665 497 00:35:00,665 --> 00:35:03,969 498 00:35:03,969 --> 00:35:07,969 499 00:35:07,978 --> 00:35:11,238 500 00:35:11,238 --> 00:35:13,742 501 00:35:13,742 --> 00:35:17,742 502 00:35:17,742 --> 00:35:19,739 503 00:35:19,739 --> 00:35:23,369 504 00:35:23,369 --> 00:35:27,369 505 00:35:27,558 --> 00:35:30,164 506 00:35:30,164 --> 00:35:32,407 507 00:35:32,407 --> 00:35:35,523 508 00:35:35,677 --> 00:35:39,302 509 00:35:39,302 --> 00:35:43,085 510 00:35:43,085 --> 00:35:48,129 511 00:35:48,129 --> 00:35:50,309 512 00:35:50,326 --> 00:35:52,268 513 00:35:52,339 --> 00:35:55,879 514 00:35:55,879 --> 00:35:59,372 515 00:35:59,663 --> 00:36:03,070 516 00:36:03,070 --> 00:36:06,933 517 00:36:06,933 --> 00:36:10,253 518 00:36:10,253 --> 00:36:13,806 519 00:36:13,806 --> 00:36:16,826 520 00:36:16,826 --> 00:36:19,936 521 00:36:19,936 --> 00:36:21,440