0:00:01.460,0:00:04.302 For years, I have been[br]working on a simple idea: 0:00:04.326,0:00:07.321 for humanity to take its next leap ahead, 0:00:07.345,0:00:11.436 we need to work together across borders[br]to solve global issues. 0:00:12.111,0:00:13.264 In the modern world, 0:00:13.288,0:00:16.133 no wall or border[br]can protect us from crisis. 0:00:16.157,0:00:19.263 We have no other choice but to unite, 0:00:19.287,0:00:21.280 and we need to do it fast. 0:00:21.304,0:00:24.444 In 2016, I was devastated[br]by the UK's decision 0:00:24.468,0:00:26.103 to leave the European Union. 0:00:26.627,0:00:30.966 I'm French, and for me, the EU is a symbol[br]of a more open and global society. 0:00:31.667,0:00:33.803 But suddenly, my beliefs were shattered. 0:00:33.827,0:00:36.191 And I wasn't alone in feeling this way. 0:00:36.215,0:00:37.843 My partner, Andrea, who's Italian, 0:00:37.867,0:00:39.931 and Damian, a German friend, 0:00:39.955,0:00:42.962 also felt the shock of seeing[br]the world turning inward. 0:00:43.335,0:00:46.272 We realized that despite being[br]from three different countries, 0:00:46.296,0:00:48.164 we witnessed the same challenges: 0:00:48.188,0:00:51.195 migration flows being dealt with[br]in an inhuman manner, 0:00:51.219,0:00:52.369 climate change 0:00:52.393,0:00:53.940 or high youth unemployment. 0:00:53.964,0:00:57.525 And we also had the same hopes and dreams[br]in our everyday lives. 0:00:57.549,0:01:00.083 We also realized[br]that to solve European issues, 0:01:00.107,0:01:03.840 the outdated model of always[br]putting national interests first 0:01:03.864,0:01:05.120 had to go. 0:01:05.144,0:01:06.736 So we decided to act. 0:01:06.760,0:01:10.259 For a few months, we worked on[br]the idea of launching Volt, 0:01:10.283,0:01:12.902 the first pan-European political movement. 0:01:13.322,0:01:16.129 And then, naturally, we told[br]our Facebook friends, 0:01:16.153,0:01:19.602 and a lot of them responded[br]saying they were up for the challenge 0:01:19.626,0:01:21.074 and wanted to help. 0:01:21.681,0:01:25.372 People started holding small[br]community meetings in parks, 0:01:25.396,0:01:26.938 universities and pubs 0:01:26.962,0:01:28.954 to discuss their common future 0:01:28.978,0:01:32.275 and share their solutions[br]to the continent's biggest problems. 0:01:32.872,0:01:37.636 We mobilized tens of thousands of people[br]across 28 European countries 0:01:37.660,0:01:39.189 Two years in, 0:01:39.213,0:01:41.371 Damian was elected[br]to the European parliament 0:01:41.395,0:01:44.537 on the campaign run[br]by volunteers across borders 0:01:44.561,0:01:46.802 on the idea that we are stronger together. 0:01:47.551,0:01:49.922 We showed that by[br]collaborating across borders, 0:01:49.946,0:01:51.986 by uniting and acting as one, 0:01:52.010,0:01:54.401 we could start changing how people think. 0:01:54.943,0:01:57.632 We were the first ones to attempt[br]something of this scale 0:01:57.656,0:01:58.930 and to succeed. 0:01:58.954,0:02:00.199 Despite this, 0:02:00.223,0:02:02.915 after the European elections in May 2019, 0:02:02.939,0:02:04.993 Andrea and I looked into each other's eyes 0:02:05.017,0:02:08.734 and asked that frank question[br]that you never want to ask 0:02:08.758,0:02:11.242 once you have worked for two years[br]towards something 0:02:11.266,0:02:12.594 that actually worked out: 0:02:12.618,0:02:14.029 "Is this enough?" 0:02:14.402,0:02:15.666 No, it wasn't. 0:02:16.358,0:02:19.459 We knew that today's urgent challenges[br]are not just European 0:02:19.483,0:02:20.666 but global. 0:02:20.690,0:02:23.339 We also knew that we couldn't even[br]attempt to solve them 0:02:23.363,0:02:25.339 by only focusing on Europe, 0:02:25.363,0:02:29.583 a continent that represents less than[br]10 percent of the world population. 0:02:29.607,0:02:32.134 The underlying issue[br]is that the way we see the world 0:02:32.158,0:02:33.541 and the way the world works 0:02:33.565,0:02:34.828 are fundamentally wrong. 0:02:35.329,0:02:37.001 In the span of two generations, 0:02:37.025,0:02:40.604 the world has changed more[br]than in the previous 20,000 years. 0:02:40.628,0:02:42.055 We can land on the moon, 0:02:42.079,0:02:44.765 we can wake up in Shanghai[br]and go to bed in New York. 0:02:45.154,0:02:49.373 We have access to a huge amount[br]of information all the time, everywhere. 0:02:49.956,0:02:53.226 But we still see the world[br]as our immediate vicinity. 0:02:53.572,0:02:57.172 But issues like COVID-19,[br]climate change, migration, 0:02:57.196,0:02:59.410 fiscal justice or human rights 0:02:59.434,0:03:03.328 mean that we need to think[br]and unite beyond national borders. 0:03:03.352,0:03:05.697 A global approach is needed to solve them. 0:03:05.721,0:03:07.170 Countries need to collaborate, 0:03:07.194,0:03:09.857 share resources, information[br]and solutions. 0:03:10.320,0:03:12.335 It's not just the right thing to do 0:03:12.359,0:03:14.101 but it's also the smart one. 0:03:14.439,0:03:16.794 So in the weeks following[br]Damian's election, 0:03:16.818,0:03:20.202 Andrea and I decided[br]that we would create a global movement 0:03:20.226,0:03:21.995 to unite people beyond borders 0:03:22.019,0:03:24.426 and solve those issues[br]that concern us all. 0:03:24.450,0:03:27.130 We called it NOW![br]because we're not very creative, 0:03:27.154,0:03:29.191 and because it needs to happen now. 0:03:29.215,0:03:32.876 So I know that going beyond national[br]borders is not the easiest thing to do, 0:03:32.900,0:03:35.722 so here's the framework[br]that has been guiding our work. 0:03:35.746,0:03:39.234 I call it "think, unite and leap forward." 0:03:39.258,0:03:41.982 First, we need to change the way[br]we think about the world. 0:03:42.006,0:03:43.264 Whether we like it or not, 0:03:43.288,0:03:45.122 we already live in a globalized world. 0:03:45.146,0:03:47.650 We need to stop thinking[br]within national frameworks 0:03:47.674,0:03:49.667 and start thinking globally. 0:03:49.691,0:03:52.124 Take, for example,[br]how we think about taxation. 0:03:52.684,0:03:55.684 Multinational companies[br]like Facebook or Amazon 0:03:55.708,0:03:58.026 already operate across borders, 0:03:58.050,0:04:01.685 but they pay very little taxes[br]in very few countries 0:04:01.709,0:04:04.467 because we think of them[br]within national frameworks. 0:04:04.491,0:04:05.641 And as a result, 0:04:05.665,0:04:07.872 we lack a global tax system. 0:04:07.896,0:04:09.223 Due to this, 0:04:09.247,0:04:13.213 countries are deprived of at least[br]500 billion dollars annually. 0:04:13.876,0:04:16.088 Five hundred billion dollars. 0:04:16.112,0:04:17.420 To put it in perspective: 0:04:17.444,0:04:19.130 with half of that amount of money, 0:04:19.154,0:04:21.991 we could put an end[br]to global hunger for one year. 0:04:22.015,0:04:23.571 But we don't, 0:04:23.595,0:04:25.797 because of the way[br]we think about the world. 0:04:27.110,0:04:29.317 At NOW! we want to change this. 0:04:29.341,0:04:31.959 We connect people[br]from all across the world 0:04:31.983,0:04:34.507 who discuss, work together and understand 0:04:34.531,0:04:36.189 that global is the new normal 0:04:36.213,0:04:38.979 and that they have more in common[br]than what separates them. 0:04:39.003,0:04:40.902 We host weekly events 0:04:40.926,0:04:44.303 in which we discuss topics[br]such as LGBT rights, 0:04:44.327,0:04:45.478 pandemics, 0:04:45.502,0:04:46.653 fiscal justice 0:04:46.677,0:04:48.190 or mental health. 0:04:48.214,0:04:50.192 We break down those global challenges 0:04:50.216,0:04:53.298 to see how they impact people[br]in various parts of the world. 0:04:53.322,0:04:56.059 And our members have[br]already shown a global thinking, 0:04:56.083,0:04:59.784 actively rallying their governments[br]to solve those issues, 0:04:59.808,0:05:03.236 like ensuring a fair distribution[br]of vaccines across the world. 0:05:03.260,0:05:05.234 Second, after changing the way we think, 0:05:05.258,0:05:07.413 we need to unite beyond borders. 0:05:07.915,0:05:11.173 This way, we can make governments[br]act on global issues. 0:05:12.009,0:05:15.137 Take the example of the erosion[br]of democracy in Hong Kong. 0:05:15.161,0:05:19.131 China has systematically cracked down[br]on rights, democracy and freedoms, 0:05:19.155,0:05:22.271 but countries have barely responded[br]to protect Hong Kongers. 0:05:22.735,0:05:25.016 And I don't mean weak[br]statements of condemnation 0:05:25.040,0:05:27.568 that won't lead to any actual change, 0:05:27.592,0:05:30.455 but proper responses such as sanctions. 0:05:30.479,0:05:32.913 That's why at NOW!,[br]a couple of weeks back, 0:05:32.937,0:05:35.839 we launched a campaign[br]to demand that democracies rally 0:05:35.863,0:05:38.369 to be able to stand up[br]meaningfully to China. 0:05:38.393,0:05:40.193 And to get their attention, 0:05:40.217,0:05:43.793 we started hosting weekly protests[br]in front of Chinese embassies. 0:05:44.105,0:05:45.471 Within a couple of weeks, 0:05:45.495,0:05:48.009 we engaged more than[br]a million people online. 0:05:48.495,0:05:52.476 Our hope is that by uniting[br]and mobilizing people across borders, 0:05:52.500,0:05:54.924 we will be able[br]to successfully lobby nations 0:05:54.948,0:05:57.797 into imposing coordinated[br]sanctions on China. 0:05:58.216,0:06:01.273 Finally, we must have[br]the courage to leap forward 0:06:01.273,0:06:03.747 to create the world of tomorrow. 0:06:03.747,0:06:08.280 We need a system of governance[br]that works for us all across the world. 0:06:08.750,0:06:12.918 And while some supernational institutions[br]like the United Nations exist, 0:06:12.942,0:06:15.524 their enforcement mechanisms[br]are extremely limited. 0:06:15.924,0:06:17.650 Citizens cannot participate, 0:06:17.674,0:06:20.271 and national interests often prevail. 0:06:20.295,0:06:21.629 And on the national level, 0:06:21.653,0:06:25.694 political parties are bound[br]by electoral timetables and borders, 0:06:25.718,0:06:29.348 which means that they cannot operate[br]in a coordinated global manner. 0:06:30.058,0:06:34.919 Policy making, governance and politics[br]need to stretch further. 0:06:34.943,0:06:38.180 Take the example of the response[br]to the COVID-19 pandemic. 0:06:38.792,0:06:43.298 Countries have shown an incredibly[br]shortsighted approach to the pandemic. 0:06:43.322,0:06:46.348 They haven't collaborated[br]when it comes to protective equipment, 0:06:46.372,0:06:48.596 vaccines or medicines. 0:06:48.620,0:06:50.379 At NOW! we launched a campaign 0:06:50.403,0:06:53.058 demanding that the World Health[br]Organization ensures 0:06:53.082,0:06:56.622 that health workers across the world,[br]regardless of their nationalities, 0:06:56.646,0:07:00.053 get priority access[br]to future COVID-19 vaccines. 0:07:00.077,0:07:03.816 We leveraged a network of doctors[br]on social media to raise awareness 0:07:03.840,0:07:07.099 and started a petition[br]targeted at the WHO. 0:07:07.591,0:07:08.742 For two weeks, 0:07:08.766,0:07:12.656 our members spread the word[br]digitally and on the streets, 0:07:12.680,0:07:16.728 and then we got a response[br]from the Director-General of the WHO 0:07:16.752,0:07:18.411 welcoming our campaign, 0:07:18.435,0:07:21.964 reemphasizing that the power to do so[br]lies within member states, 0:07:21.988,0:07:24.772 but committing to working[br]with them in that direction. 0:07:24.796,0:07:28.781 And look -- this was a very nice letter,[br]but it was completely pointless. 0:07:28.805,0:07:32.050 The WHO cannot act[br]meaningfully on this issue. 0:07:32.653,0:07:33.804 But the point is, 0:07:33.828,0:07:37.328 a United Nations agency should[br]be able to act meaningfully, 0:07:37.352,0:07:40.431 should be able to create binding policies[br]and implement them 0:07:40.455,0:07:42.341 when faced with a global threat. 0:07:43.063,0:07:45.498 Right now, the most we can hope for 0:07:45.522,0:07:48.082 is for some world leaders[br]to hear our scream 0:07:48.106,0:07:50.122 and decide to do the right thing. 0:07:50.146,0:07:51.765 This cannot continue. 0:07:51.789,0:07:53.871 In the globalized world, 0:07:53.895,0:07:58.547 we need a true democratic and accountable[br]global system of governance. 0:07:58.571,0:08:00.620 And that's also what[br]we're working towards, 0:08:00.644,0:08:03.499 but I know that global governance[br]will not happen overnight. 0:08:03.523,0:08:05.899 For this, we need people[br]to push their governments 0:08:05.923,0:08:07.449 to act in a global manner, 0:08:07.473,0:08:10.198 to show that collaboration[br]leads to better results. 0:08:10.670,0:08:11.921 We need to prove the case 0:08:11.945,0:08:14.352 before we can change[br]the way the world works. 0:08:14.376,0:08:16.582 So this is my framework: 0:08:16.606,0:08:18.731 think beyond national borders, 0:08:18.755,0:08:20.459 unite across the world 0:08:20.483,0:08:24.178 and leap forward to make sure[br]that the world actually works as one. 0:08:24.202,0:08:26.131 And I know it is easier said than done, 0:08:26.155,0:08:27.331 but it is doable. 0:08:27.786,0:08:29.374 Take our case as an example. 0:08:29.749,0:08:33.352 NOW! was only launched[br]on the first of January 2020 0:08:33.376,0:08:37.467 but already counts thousands of members[br]in more than 100 countries. 0:08:37.491,0:08:40.721 We are beginning to see that it[br]is possible to unite beyond borders, 0:08:40.745,0:08:42.672 that it is within our reach. 0:08:42.696,0:08:45.804 And we're not special,[br]nor am I in any way. 0:08:45.828,0:08:47.267 I don't have any cool skills, 0:08:47.291,0:08:49.746 and the thought of giving[br]this talk terrified me. 0:08:50.166,0:08:54.079 But I am testing different ways[br]to effect change on a global scale 0:08:54.103,0:08:57.068 because I know that national mindsets[br]and national frameworks 0:08:57.092,0:08:59.543 have to leave room for something bigger, 0:08:59.567,0:09:00.971 for something better. 0:09:00.995,0:09:03.233 My hope is that within my lifetime, 0:09:03.257,0:09:07.051 I will see what living[br]as one world actually means, 0:09:07.075,0:09:08.266 that by uniting, 0:09:08.290,0:09:10.413 we will be able to safeguard democracy, 0:09:10.437,0:09:12.027 to protect the environment, 0:09:12.051,0:09:14.587 to save lives by sharing vaccines, 0:09:14.611,0:09:16.942 to create safer routes for migration, 0:09:16.966,0:09:19.023 among many other achievements. 0:09:19.047,0:09:21.312 I don't know whether[br]I have the one solution -- 0:09:21.336,0:09:22.839 no one does. 0:09:22.863,0:09:25.013 I don't know whether[br]NOW! will be successful 0:09:25.037,0:09:26.786 in achieving these goals. 0:09:26.810,0:09:28.591 But this is not the point. 0:09:28.615,0:09:32.337 The point is that you should take action[br]to effect change on the global scale. 0:09:32.702,0:09:36.262 My hope is that many of you will[br]start to work together across borders, 0:09:36.286,0:09:40.311 that you will create and innovate[br]new ways for the world to be truly one. 0:09:40.335,0:09:43.203 Because yes, we are stronger together. 0:09:43.227,0:09:45.105 So what are we waiting for? 0:09:45.908,0:09:47.058 Thank you.