ftp.acc.umu.se/.../Debians_Central_Role_in_the_Future_of_Software_Freedom.webm
-
Non sincronizzato[Bradley Kuhn] I have to be honest
I'm really honored to be here -
Non sincronizzatoI don't say that to just every conference
I care a lot about Debian -
Non sincronizzatoThis is my 3rd DebConf I've ever been to.
-
Non sincronizzatoThere have been a lot of them so I
obviously haven't been to that many -
Non sincronizzatoBut I was at DebConf1
-
Non sincronizzatoI just learned today that it was zero
based so that it wasn't the first DebConf -
Non sincronizzatowhich I should have known but didn't for
some reason. -
Non sincronizzatoI was at the 2nd DebConf by accident
somewhat because I was going to -
Non sincronizzatoLibre Software Meeting and just
happened to -
Non sincronizzatobook my flights so that I could be at
DebConf as well -
Non sincronizzatoI gave a regular track talk at DebConf10
about the GPL v3 -
Non sincronizzatobecause it was in New York City where I
was living at the time -
Non sincronizzatoHere I'm giving an invited speaker talk or
keynote or whatever else it is called here -
Non sincronizzatoThat really means a lot to me.
-
Non sincronizzatoI'm a fan of Debian, I'm a user of Debian.
-
Non sincronizzatoI don't actually consider myself part of
the Debian community -
Non sincronizzatobecause other than filing a few bugs
over the years -
Non sincronizzatoI haven't contributed all that much to
Debian but I've relied on it and used it -
Non sincronizzatoand been a fan of it for so long
that I really love your project. -
Non sincronizzatoSo I am really honored to be invited to
speak here -
Non sincronizzatoand I really believe that Debian is a
very special project for a lot of reasons. -
Non sincronizzatoFirst of all, it has thrived for longer
than almost any free software project -
Non sincronizzatoin existence in a lot of ways.
There are top 10 lists of projects that -
Non sincronizzatoDebian is certainly on as far as longevity
goes, maybe the top 5 -
Non sincronizzatoIt's governance is one of the few
democratically elected and -
Non sincronizzatodemocratically controlled
governance processes in free software -
Non sincronizzatoEveryone is a fan of talking about this
'benevolent dictator' stuff -
Non sincronizzatowhich I think is really horrible
The fact that somebody would call -
Non sincronizzatothemselves a 'self appointed benevolent
dictator for life' is really disturbing. -
Non sincronizzatoYou are democratic.
-
Non sincronizzatoYou elect your leadership.
-
Non sincronizzatoYou have referendums on major issues
that everyone can vote on. -
Non sincronizzatoThat is amazingly rare, impressive
and important for free software. -
Non sincronizzatoThe other thing that really impresses me,
-
Non sincronizzatoin particular being somebody from the
non-profit world, -
Non sincronizzatois that Debian has been staunchly
non-commercial for it's entire existence. -
Non sincronizzatoOf course I don't mean that Debian
can't be used in commercial settings. -
Non sincronizzatoDFSG free means that things can be put
into commercial products. -
Non sincronizzatoWhat I mean is that the project itself has
always been non-commercial, -
Non sincronizzatomeaning that the people that work on it
are volunteering, -
Non sincronizzatoand, even if their employers are paying
them to work on it, -
Non sincronizzatothey are part of a community and not
doing their work inside Debian as -
Non sincronizzatoofficially part of some
commercial activity. -
Non sincronizzatoMost free software projects these days
are controlled by -
Non sincronizzatosome commercial entity or another.
-
Non sincronizzatoDebian is not.
-
Non sincronizzatoI was at Debconf1 which was really
exciting for me. -
Non sincronizzatoI was a young executive director of
Free Software. -
Non sincronizzatoI showed this picture to Karen Sandler who
I work with and said how different I look. -
Non sincronizzatoShe said I don't look different at all,
-
Non sincronizzatobut, speaking as the person that looks
at that face in the mirror every morning, -
Non sincronizzatothere are a lot more lines on my face
than there. -
Non sincronizzatoThat is a smooth looking baby face that I
had 14 years ago that I don't have anymore -
Non sincronizzatoI was pretty casual back then.
I'm not in short trousers any more. -
Non sincronizzatoIt's hard to see and you can see it in
some of the other photos that I was. -
Non sincronizzatoEven in this heat like this I haven't
worn short trousers in a very long time. -
Non sincronizzatoWhat's that? [bdale heckles]
-
Non sincronizzatoBdale, I was thinking about mentioning you
and now I have to because you are heckling -
Non sincronizzatome [laughter]. Bdale is the one adult
in the room who can dress like -
Non sincronizzatoeverybody else but I can't pull it off
-
Non sincronizzatoI respect Bdale that he can.
The tie-dye still works for him. -
Non sincronizzatoAnd I stopped wearing t-shirts years ago
at conferences -
Non sincronizzatoand here I'm sweating in my long sleeves
halfway between hacker and suit attire. -
Non sincronizzatoAnd there [in the photo] I'm talking to
Martin Michmayer -
Non sincronizzatoI'm going to do questions at the end Lars,
if that's ok. -
Non sincronizzatoI'm not good with questions because I
get off topic easy. -
Non sincronizzatoI left 17 minutes at the end for questions
which Bdale just took 3 of [laughter] -
Non sincronizzatoThere I'm talking to Martin Michlmayer
when I first met him. -
Non sincronizzatoA lot of things have changed since I
looked at this photo. -
Non sincronizzatoBut one thing that hasn't changed,
you see this face that Martin is making. -
Non sincronizzatoHe still makes that face at me every time
I talk to him, which sort of says like -
Non sincronizzato"You do not know what you are talking
about". That hasn't changed, which is good -
Non sincronizzato[laughter]. I'm glad he is laughing in the
back there. -
Non sincronizzatoSome things have stayed the same.
Martin still thinks I'm full of it. -
Non sincronizzatoAnd I probably am, so that's ok.
I like people to keep me honest. -
Non sincronizzatoOther than jokes, the thing that hasn't
really changed since I was first -
Non sincronizzatointroduced to the Debian community, in
person, back in 2001, -
Non sincronizzatois the ethos of this community is still
the same one that I remember -
Non sincronizzatoeven though a lot of the developers
have changed. -
Non sincronizzatoI talked to somebody who had never
even installed Debian when they were at -
Non sincronizzatoDebConf1. I talked to someone who was
12 years old at the time of DebConf1. -
Non sincronizzatoI find it impressive that what I call the
'morality of the hobbyist contributor' -
Non sincronizzatostill lives strongly in Debian.
-
Non sincronizzatoThe people in Debian want to do what is
right for other people - -
Non sincronizzatotheir users, co-developers,
co-contributors. -
Non sincronizzatoThey also volunteer to do that.
-
Non sincronizzatoAs I said before, that doesn't mean that
they aren't being paid to do their work. -
Non sincronizzatoIt's the classic free software thing: lots
of people get paid to write free software. -
Non sincronizzatoWhat I've seen recently, in many free
software projects, is that -
Non sincronizzatocompanies have used that. I think
OpenStack is one of the worst examples -
Non sincronizzatoof this. To control the project by hiring
lots of it's developers. -
Non sincronizzatoThey have this kindof pull over the
project. I think that a lot of people that -
Non sincronizzatowork at OpenStack would say they are
employers employee first and an -
Non sincronizzatoOpenStack contributor second.
-
Non sincronizzatoI don't know anyone in Debian who would
not say 'I am a Debian developer' first -
Non sincronizzatoand then I happen to be employed as a
second issue. -
Non sincronizzatoDebian is their first priority.
Their job is their second. -
Non sincronizzatoThat hobbyist culture of 'my volunteer
work matters more to me than -
Non sincronizzatowhat actually pays me for a living'
is the kind of mentality that I am such a -
Non sincronizzatofan of. I try to live that in my own work
as well. -
Non sincronizzatoI like interacting with the community.
I usually find conferences very stressful. -
Non sincronizzatoThis one I do not find as stressful
other than I'm standing in a room with a -
Non sincronizzatohuge number of people. Other than that
I don't find it stressful -
Non sincronizzatobecause this is the kind of community
that thinks that way. -
Non sincronizzatoI think a lot of it has to do with the
other structures you have set up around -
Non sincronizzatoyourselves. The idea of having charities
that you work with -
Non sincronizzatowhich you have chosen to do a multi
charity situation where you have lots -
Non sincronizzatoaround the world that you can interact
with. -
Non sincronizzatoOne of them was founded by a Debian
developer initially. -
Non sincronizzatoYou reach out to other partnerships or
charities as a non-commercial community -
Non sincronizzatoThat allows you to have an infrastructure
that you can rely on that helps -
Non sincronizzatoyou maintain that community.
I'm very glad that you do that. -
Non sincronizzatoI used to work for the FSF and am still on
the board of directors. -
Non sincronizzatoEarly in the project Debian was more or
less a GNU project for a while. -
Non sincronizzatoIt was part of the FSF. I know that
relationship has never been perfect -
Non sincronizzatosometimes rocky and sometimes better,
but the FSF saw this in Debian too -
Non sincronizzatovery early on. That it was a really
important way to begin the whole -
Non sincronizzatodistribution thing of free software and
that culture was a match with -
Non sincronizzatoFSF's culture.
-
Non sincronizzatoI know where the issues are and I'm
sure John is here to talk about them. -
Non sincronizzatoBut I think there is a lot of cultural
connect between FSF and Debian. -
Non sincronizzatoI'm a little obsessed about this quote.
I saw it in real time. -
Non sincronizzatoI was subscribed to comp.os.minux in Aug
of '91 when it was posted -
Non sincronizzatoPart of it was that when I started working
for the FSF I started thinking about it -
Non sincronizzatoand the FSF when I worked there had 7
employees and still has under 20 -
Non sincronizzatoThat's not big.
-
Non sincronizzatoSo I don't think of it as big and I guess
strictly speaking, -
Non sincronizzatosince the FSF is a very professional
organisation, and to take the -
Non sincronizzatostrict definition professional means you
get paid to do this thing, -
Non sincronizzatoyou do it for a living - yes, the FSF
staff are professionals -
Non sincronizzatoin all the ways you might use the word
professional, -
Non sincronizzatobut I don't think that's what Linus
was going for in this quote -
Non sincronizzatoI don't think he meant those normal things
about professional -
Non sincronizzatoI think what he was going for is he was
trying to create Linux back when he was
humble -
Non sincronizzatoBecause people forget Linus used to be
really humble. Once upon a time. -
Non sincronizzato[laughter]
-
Non sincronizzatoI don't know... ok. I think some of his
early posts were humble -
Non sincronizzatobut we can debate that I suppose.
-
Non sincronizzatoOne of the things that Linus understood
well was that he wanted to create -
Non sincronizzatoa project where individuals collaborated
together in their own capacity. -
Non sincronizzatoHe wanted a hobbyist kind of culture and
was interested in that kind of culture. -
Non sincronizzatoI think that what he got wrong was not
realising how important charities are -
Non sincronizzatoto that culture and I think Debian has
always got that right. -
Non sincronizzatoYou've always interacted with charities
in good ways. -
Non sincronizzatoI think you keep them at arms length,
which is OK and reasonable, but -
Non sincronizzatoyou've always seen the value,
always seen the connection between being -
Non sincronizzatoa non-commercial hobbyist controlled
project, very professional I think, but -
Non sincronizzatostill hobbyist controlled in a sense that
you are volunteers doing the right things -
Non sincronizzatofor everyone in your community.
-
Non sincronizzatoAt the same time reaching out to these
charities and letting them help you -
Non sincronizzatoget done what you need to get do in the
logistical world outside of your project. -
Non sincronizzatoWhat I've seen in other projects that
Debian has not suffered from -
Non sincronizzatois the politics of the projects have
bifurcated. -
Non sincronizzatoThere's the technical politics which is
the usual arguments about -
Non sincronizzatothis technology verses that technology
-
Non sincronizzatosay, systemd verses upstart, something
like that -
Non sincronizzatoand that, I think in almost every project
still remains under developer control. -
Non sincronizzatoPeople who are developers decide
technical decisions like that. -
Non sincronizzatoBut the political governance in most other
projects has been hijacked in my view. -
Non sincronizzatoBy various different groups, depending on
the project -
Non sincronizzatobut usually some mix of lawyers or
business type people who are somehow -
Non sincronizzatoin for profit companies or industry
associations, -
Non sincronizzatothat have taken over the political
governance. -
Non sincronizzatoThe reason they've succeeded in doing this
I think is because most developers -
Non sincronizzatocare deeply about the technical politics,
but not so much about the other politics. -
Non sincronizzatoThey want to make those decisions once
and leave them alone. -
Non sincronizzatoA lot of my work in Conservancy is to help
developers make those decisions right once -
Non sincronizzatoand then be able to leave them alone
without it having bite them later. -
Non sincronizzatoI think a lot of projects have faced that
situation, where the non technical -
Non sincronizzatopolitics of their projects are under the
control of people who are -
Non sincronizzatonot members of the community, not really.
-
Non sincronizzatoI think that has really happened to Linux.
-
Non sincronizzatoI think that the Linux non technical
politics are out of the hands of -
Non sincronizzatothe developers and it's a very sad thing,
from my point of view -
Non sincronizzatoI think the companies control those
politics -
Non sincronizzatoand they don't keep developers out
entirely, but they gate keep -
Non sincronizzatofrom letting certain developers into the
politics of what's really going on in the -
Non sincronizzatonon technical space.
-
Non sincronizzatoI've met many Linux developers who feel
disenfranchised. -
Non sincronizzatoIt's why Conservancy has a GPL enforcement
project for Linux. -
Non sincronizzatoBecause they've come to us to ask for
someone who has a charitable mission -
Non sincronizzatoto do the right thing for the public good,
as opposed to the what companies want. -
Non sincronizzatoI think that's what these charities serve.
-
Non sincronizzatoIf you look at any of these charities that
we have out there, -
Non sincronizzatoConservancy, Software in the Public
Interest, FSF, -
Non sincronizzatothey do things for hobbyist developers
that are the morally right thing to do -
Non sincronizzatobut are sometimes controversial
-
Non sincronizzatothat developers actually really need,
-
Non sincronizzatomaybe sometimes don't want to spend too
much time on -
Non sincronizzatobecause they're more interested in other
things, -
Non sincronizzatobut companies and trade associations don't
need them and in fact -
Non sincronizzatothey often oppose them.
-
Non sincronizzatoAs I said, we're doing at Conservancy the
GPL enforcement for Linux -
Non sincronizzatobecause it is not in the business interest
of the companies who invest in Linux -
Non sincronizzatoto see the GPL enforced.
-
Non sincronizzatoIn many cases they actually oppose it
being enforced at all. -
Non sincronizzatoWhich brings me to copyleft generally.
-
Non sincronizzatoMy last talk to all of you was at DebConf
10, -
Non sincronizzatowhere I told you about GPL v3 and how
wonderful it is and -
Non sincronizzatohow much I respected Debian's commitment
to copyleft. -
Non sincronizzatoNow that's not to say everything in the
archive is copyleft, I would guess that -
Non sincronizzatomost things in the archive aren't, as it
turns out. -
Non sincronizzatoBut there are many, many important things
in Debian's archive that are copylefted -
Non sincronizzatoand many Debian meta-projects that you
rely on every day as part of your -
Non sincronizzatodevelopment that you have chosen to
copyleft. -
Non sincronizzatoSo I see Debian as a strongly connected
project to the broader copyleft community -
Non sincronizzatowhich I am heavily involved in.
-
Non sincronizzatoExcessively involved in you might say.
-
Non sincronizzatoThe organisation I work for is funding
a lawsuit, here in Germany -
Non sincronizzatoagainst VMware for violating the GPL for
a very long time and refusing to comply. -
Non sincronizzatoChristoph Hellwig is the plaintiff. It is
in a Berlin court. -
Non sincronizzatoTill Jaeger is his lawyer and you have to
read the FAQ. -
Non sincronizzatoI am, admittedly, not as comfortable with
the German legal system as the US. -
Non sincronizzatoI am used to the US where everything is
public. -
Non sincronizzatoThe German legal system doesn't work
that way. -
Non sincronizzatoI respect the cultural difference and
therefore we put what we could in the FAQ -
Non sincronizzatoso you could go read it.
-
Non sincronizzatoSo if you were hoping to hear all about
the VMware lawsuit in this talk this is -
Non sincronizzatothe only slide that covers it, sorry to
say. -
Non sincronizzatoYou can load your browser and look at the
FAQ I guess. -
Non sincronizzatoThe interesting thing that I can talk
about is the aftermath in the politics in -
Non sincronizzatothe community that I think a lot of
people, even people in this room got wrong -
Non sincronizzatoabout what was going to happen after we
sued VMware. -
Non sincronizzatoI have myself been a little bit surprised
that the response by many for profit -
Non sincronizzatocompanies (in the back channels, this has
not been in press releases, obviously) -
Non sincronizzatohas been to attempt to eradicate copyleft
entirely, or at the very least -
Non sincronizzatostop its enforcement.
-
Non sincronizzatoAt this point, for anybody who wants to
make a strong commitment like Christoph, -
Non sincronizzatolike me, to spend a lot of time enforcing
GPL, it is an extremely, politically -
Non sincronizzatotreacherous decision.
-
Non sincronizzatoWe have people in our GPL enforcement
project for Linux at Conservancy who -
Non sincronizzatoinsist on anonymity because they are
terrified it will affect their ability to -
Non sincronizzatoget jobs, and other things if they're even
heard to be talking to people who do -
Non sincronizzatoenforcement.
-
Non sincronizzatoI think what's happened is that the people
who have always been against copyleft -
Non sincronizzatosubtly and quietly now see there's some
chinks in the armour. -
Non sincronizzatoThere are very few people still enforcing
the copyleft. -
Non sincronizzatoThe only two organisations doing it as
part of a charity are the FSF and -
Non sincronizzatoConservany.
-
Non sincronizzatoIt's a time for the sharks to circle and
see if they can finish off the rest. -
Non sincronizzatoThat's what I think is happening.
-
Non sincronizzatoNow, this matters to you.
-
Non sincronizzatoEven if you don't care that much about
copyleft, it matters. -
Non sincronizzatoUbuntu was violating your copyrights for
two years. -
Non sincronizzatoThey had a trademark policy that
contradicted the GPL. -
Non sincronizzatoIt's a violation of the GPL.
-
Non sincronizzatoThe Free Software Foundation and
Conservacy worked very, very hard for two -
Non sincronizzatoyears to get it resolved.
It's been resolved. -
Non sincronizzatoThe trademark policy, as it stands - you
can read the statements on both -
Non sincronizzatoConservancy and FSF's websites - is in
compliance with the GPL. -
Non sincronizzatoI'm glad that Canonical eventually did the
right thing. -
Non sincronizzatoHowever, you've got to read the
fine print. -
Non sincronizzatoBecause what they've done is they've said
"Well, by using this trump clause thing to -
Non sincronizzatocomply", it means that all the non
copylefted software (from Debian which of -
Non sincronizzatocourse then ends up in Ubuntu) is then
propitiatorized, effectively, when it goes -
Non sincronizzatointo Ubuntu, because all these additional
restrictions and terms in the trademark -
Non sincronizzatopolicy that are contradictory to copyleft,
the trump clause passes them out for -
Non sincronizzatocopyleft so you can't have those
contradicting copyleft, but they happily -
Non sincronizzatodon't contradict the two clause BSD
license, or the Apache software license or -
Non sincronizzatovarious other licenses.
-
Non sincronizzatoA lot is being proprietarized, now it's
totally permissible by the copyright -
Non sincronizzatolicense, but I would encourage everyone
in the Debian community to think about -
Non sincronizzatohow much you like that.
-
Non sincronizzatoBecause your goal is to make everything in
main be DFSG free, but when it gets into -
Non sincronizzatoUbuntu main it automatically (if it's not
copylefted) falls under this trademark -
Non sincronizzatopolicy that's unfriendly to free software
and I would argue DFSG non-free. -
Non sincronizzatoI think we're facing some really tough
challenges. -
Non sincronizzatoI believe free software has been largely
co-opted by for profit companies. -
Non sincronizzatoThat's why I still say free software and
not open source, because I think -
Non sincronizzatosource (I actually agree with RMS about
this) is a term that allows companies to -
Non sincronizzatotake the good parts they want from free
software and leave the political stuff -
Non sincronizzatothat many of us care about and still be
able to exploit it for their own purposes. -
Non sincronizzatoMeanwhile, Debian is a hugely important
political part of what's happening. -
Non sincronizzatoBecause Debian is this really important
non-commercial project. -
Non sincronizzatoProbably the largest non-commercial
project of it's kind that's still -
Non sincronizzatoextremely relevant in the free software
community. -
Non sincronizzatoYour long history and your good governance
have insulated you from a lot of these -
Non sincronizzatopolitics that have happened in other
projects. -
Non sincronizzatoWhat's happened to OpenStack would never
happen to Debian, because you're too -
Non sincronizzatoold for it to happen to you.
-
Non sincronizzatoIt's just kinda nice that it works out
that way. -
Non sincronizzatoThere's some usefulness in being old.
[laughter] -
Non sincronizzatoEventually the pressure will catch up to
you. -
Non sincronizzatoSomebody's going to do it.
-
Non sincronizzatoCanonical just tried it and didn't succeed
thanks to the fact that we stopped them -
Non sincronizzatobut someone else will come along and try
to do it next. -
Non sincronizzatoI think it's just a harbinger of things to
come at this point and copyleft is going -
Non sincronizzatoto matter more and more to Debian as time
goes on because it is the thing standing -
Non sincronizzatobetween these kinds of manoeuvres and
free software. -
Non sincronizzatoI always see Debian as a key building
block of other free software. -
Non sincronizzatoPeople build stuff on top of Debian all
the time. -
Non sincronizzatoI find in my work investigating GPL
violations plenty of times where it's a -
Non sincronizzatoDebian system they just took and then
gave no source code and moved it into a -
Non sincronizzatoproduct and violated the GPL.
-
Non sincronizzatoThat means that people who are powerful
and corrupt will want to control it, -
Non sincronizzatobecause it's essential and if they could
somehow take control of Debian they could -
Non sincronizzatocontrol a lot of the software world.
-
Non sincronizzatoI think they can't get control of you,
because of the way you're organised, but -
Non sincronizzatothat doesn't mean they're not going to
try. -
Non sincronizzatoNow, I think that is so successful because
Debian has always been about people. -
Non sincronizzatoThe decision to make the Debian Developer
- and I know it's different know, but -
Non sincronizzatooriginally the Debian Developer was the
pinnacle of how you became part of this -
Non sincronizzatocommunity, you passed your Debian
Developer stuff, which I've never been -
Non sincronizzatoable to pass, because I'm lame - but I
always believe that people oriented -
Non sincronizzatomanner of operating was essential to how
that worked. -
Non sincronizzatoNow since that first DebConf, I admit I've
not spent much of my time with developers, -
Non sincronizzatocertainly not as much as I would have
liked. -
Non sincronizzatoI spend most of my time around lawyers and
business people in the last 13 or 14 years -
Non sincronizzatoand they look at Debian or in fact any
free software very differently. -
Non sincronizzatoMost of these people look at it not about
the people, they see people as basically -
Non sincronizzatofungible - any developer's good as the
next, right? From a business person's -
Non sincronizzatoperspective.
-
Non sincronizzatoBut the assets that sit there, things like
copyrights. -
Non sincronizzatoThat they look at as the output of Debian,
-
Non sincronizzatothe value that Debian generates.
-
Non sincronizzatoThere is a certain technical correctness
to that, it's like until you write -
Non sincronizzatosomething down it doesn't exist, kind of
thing, -
Non sincronizzatoso the fact that Debian generates
copyrights as you all are doing your work, -
Non sincronizzatopackaging packages, writing documentation,
everything that you do. -
Non sincronizzatoThat's the record of what you did, which
is then copyrightable, so there's a -
Non sincronizzatocertain logic to this lawyer's way of
looking at Debian, so say -
Non sincronizzato"Oh, it's just the assets. There's some
trademarks, some copyrights yada yada" -
Non sincronizzatoWhat I think you should all think about in
response to that is maybe there's some -
Non sincronizzatovalue to that, maybe you should leverage
the assets we have as a way to fight for -
Non sincronizzatoourselves, fight for good cause of free
software. -
Non sincronizzatoThe one way to look at copyleft is and
this is one I like almost the best, -
Non sincronizzatois that it's really just a mechanism to
leverage assets, which lots of us agree -
Non sincronizzatoshouldn't exist - I'm not a fan of
copyright by any means, but you take those -
Non sincronizzatoassets that are forced upon you basically
by the system we live in and try to -
Non sincronizzatoutilize them in some novel way to maximise
fairness and goodness and benefit to other -
Non sincronizzatopeople.
-
Non sincronizzatoI wrote an essay years ago with Richard
Stallman about this, about how the power -
Non sincronizzatoto chose a license on software is this
inappropriate power that people shouldn't -
Non sincronizzatoget. They get it anyway, so the only thing
we can do is make a good choice about our -
Non sincronizzatolicenses to neutralise the power we should
never have been given to start with. -
Non sincronizzatoI often talk about this as using the tools
of the oppressor against the oppressor. -
Non sincronizzatoIf we're going to do that, that means we
have to look at every tool they use with -
Non sincronizzatoregard to copyright.
-
Non sincronizzatoWe've generally just looked at the
licensing tool. -
Non sincronizzatoThe tool of "what license do I put on my
software", that's how I'll do it. -
Non sincronizzatoI'll put a copyleft license so that I'm
defending software freedom by putting -
Non sincronizzatoa copyleft licence on my code, but I think
Debian could go even further and use these -
Non sincronizzatotools in additional ways to help defend
software freedom. -
Non sincronizzatoWith that, I'd like to announce a thing
that Conservancy is doing for Debian. -
Non sincronizzatoThis was officially put into place in
April. -
Non sincronizzatoWe waited to announce it until my keynote
here because we knew I was going to be -
Non sincronizzatokeynoting.
-
Non sincronizzatoIt's an agreement that has been signed
between the DPL and the Conservancy -
Non sincronizzatoto offer the following services to the
Debian project, -
Non sincronizzatoall of which are optional to all Debian
Developers. -
Non sincronizzatoIt's a programme begun under the Software
Freedom Conservancy, and we recognise -
Non sincronizzatothat as a member of SPI we asked SPI if
it's ok if we did this before we did it -
Non sincronizzatobecause we wanted to make sure we weren't
offending your other charity organisation -
Non sincronizzatoin the United States, and they agreed that
this was fine. -
Non sincronizzatoIt permits any Debian Developer who would
like to, to optionally, and in a -
Non sincronizzatoconfigurable way, assign any copyrights in
their Debian related works to Conservancy -
Non sincronizzatoif they would like to.
-
Non sincronizzatoIf they don't want to do that, it also
permits them, if they would like, to sign -
Non sincronizzatoan enforcement agreement with Conservancy,
to ask Conservancy to enforce free -
Non sincronizzatosoftware licenses on behalf of that
developer and that's an agreement that -
Non sincronizzatocan be cancelled, I'll talk more about
that in a minute. -
Non sincronizzatoProbably of the most interest to a lot of
you because it's going to come up the most -
Non sincronizzatooften is Conservancy will provide
licensing support and advice on an ongoing -
Non sincronizzatobasis for the Debian Project, and I'll
talk more later on how we're going to -
Non sincronizzatodo that.
-
Non sincronizzatoThe whole reason this exists is because a
key Debian contributor came to us and -
Non sincronizzatoasked us to do it and we were happy to do
it, and I'll talk about who that was in a -
Non sincronizzatofew minutes.
-
Non sincronizzatoFirst, I felt I have to talk about this,
because I've spend a lot of years lately, -
Non sincronizzatoin fact the last time I was in Germany, I
was here to debate Mark Shuttleworth about -
Non sincronizzatocopyright assignment.
-
Non sincronizzatoThe fact that I've just pitched to you
that copyright assignment is now available -
Non sincronizzatofor Debian Developers I'm sure is probably
leaving you to wonder a little bit. -
Non sincronizzatoIt's certainly true that the kinds of
problems that I'm talking about -
Non sincronizzatosometimes come out from the fact that
for profit companies come to -
Non sincronizzatofree software developers and convince
them to assign copyright to that company -
Non sincronizzatoor they ask them to sign some
heavyweight contributor license -
Non sincronizzatoagreement which has the almost legal
identical effect of a copyright assignment -
Non sincronizzatoThe reason they do that is because they
want to, usually, make proprietary -
Non sincronizzatoversions of those copyrighted works, or
otherwise exploit them in some way -
Non sincronizzatothat the free software license, that they
would have got anyway, -
Non sincronizzatowould not allow them to do.
-
Non sincronizzatoI'm against all that.
-
Non sincronizzatoI'm opposed to using copyright
assignment in that way. -
Non sincronizzatoBut then when I think about the original
motivations of copyleft it always was -
Non sincronizzatousing tools that were not totally
comfortable with existing at all -
Non sincronizzatoagainst themselves. So why not look at
copyright assignment this way: -
Non sincronizzatoIf you only assign your copyright to
charities that take a good strong stand -
Non sincronizzatofor software freedom you be able to
maximize the benefits of your -
Non sincronizzatocopyrights allowing an organization that,
say, enforces the GPL or otherwise -
Non sincronizzatotrying to do the right things with those
copyrights to advance software freedom -
Non sincronizzatoyou can help that work along by doing
that. -
Non sincronizzatoThe other point I want to make is that
the only reason those nefarious uses -
Non sincronizzatoof copyright assignment can ever work
is because they collect 100% -
Non sincronizzatoof copyright.
-
Non sincronizzatoI think no project should have
consolidated copyright at 100% -
Non sincronizzatoany more. I think that's an antiquated
way of thinking. -
Non sincronizzatoI would encourage Debian to have multi
copyright held forever which it probably -
Non sincronizzatowill. There will never be a single
copyright holder of Debian I'm sure. -
Non sincronizzatoEven if you just took the parts that
Debian developers had contributed, -
Non sincronizzatonot all of them are going to sign to
one entity. -
Non sincronizzatoEven if a few Debian developers assign
to Conservancy or many there will still be -
Non sincronizzatoa nice diverse copyright base which I
think creates a healthy community. -
Non sincronizzatoThere's a very sad but simply true reason
that copyright assignment is important. -
Non sincronizzatoThis is from the Debian history file.
We've lost people in our community. -
Non sincronizzatoWe will lose more as time goes on.
-
Non sincronizzatoMost of this community is very young but
I'm ageing and we are all ageing at the -
Non sincronizzatosame rate, more or less.
-
Non sincronizzatoYou need to think about that question.
-
Non sincronizzatoWhat happens if something happens to
me. -
Non sincronizzatoWhat happens to my contributions to
the community? -
Non sincronizzatoWhat do they do?
Where do they go? -
Non sincronizzatoI think we should think about that.
-
Non sincronizzatoI've had to talk to developers heirs on
the phone to get licensing problems -
Non sincronizzatofixed. It's one of the most horrible things
I've ever had to do on my job. -
Non sincronizzatoThink for yourself about: do you want
your heirs or people who are in charge -
Non sincronizzatoof your copyrights when you pass
having to do that. -
Non sincronizzatoThe other less sad problem is that
people forget to take care of things. -
Non sincronizzatoThey put them off, especially when they
are boring and annoying. -
Non sincronizzatoSo things like copyright enforcement or
copyleft enforcement tends -
Non sincronizzatonot to happen.
-
Non sincronizzatoI know from my years and years of
experience doing it that -
Non sincronizzatothere are constantly hundreds and
hundreds of violations all the time. -
Non sincronizzatoAll of them are urgent, more or less,
because they are all really -
Non sincronizzatohurting users.
-
Non sincronizzatoI don't know about you, but when
you have a bug queue -
Non sincronizzatowhere every single bug is critical,
none of them are critical, right? -
Non sincronizzatoBecause then it's ,like, over, the project
is screwed. -
Non sincronizzatoThat's how GPL enforcement has felt for
years and years and years. -
Non sincronizzatoWhile you can think about how having
your own copyrights is my privilege -
Non sincronizzatoto have and use, it's actually also a
burden. -
Non sincronizzatoIf you care about the license you chose
and people are ignoring it broadly all -
Non sincronizzatoaround the world all the time violating
the copyleft (I also see lots of violations -
Non sincronizzatoof non-copyleft licenses too) you don't
have a mandatory requirement to enforce -
Non sincronizzatobut if you care about the license you
kinda should be feeling 'gee, I should -
Non sincronizzatotake care of that and make sure that the
license is respected. -
Non sincronizzatoAnd that's why aggregation might be
for you. -
Non sincronizzatoIt might be better to aggregate
the copyright somewhere where -
Non sincronizzatopeople are trying to do the work
of enforcing the copyleft licenses. -
Non sincronizzatoI don't think it should be a shame if
you want to be unburdened. -
Non sincronizzatoI think that if you feel like
-
Non sincronizzato"I care about the license I chose but
I really want somebody else to -
Non sincronizzatohandle the copyrights".
-
Non sincronizzatoThere are other people who feel
just like you. -
Non sincronizzatoStefano Zacchiroli was the first to
sign up into the aggregation project. -
Non sincronizzatoYesterday, Zack assigned all of his past
and future contributions to Debian -
Non sincronizzatoto the Software Freedom Conservancy.
-
Non sincronizzatoI can't think of a better endorsement.
-
Non sincronizzatoI'm honored that Zack is gonna trust
the organization that I work for -
Non sincronizzatowith taking care of his copyrights, taking
care of copyleft on his behalf. -
Non sincronizzatoHe gave me this quote which I'll just
let you read. -
Non sincronizzatoDo you want to read it out loud, Zack?
-
Non sincronizzato[Zack answers from the audience]
-
Non sincronizzato???
-
Non sincronizzatoI'm not gonna make him come to the mic
and read it. -
Non sincronizzatoHe's not the only person.
-
Non sincronizzatopaultag chose the kind of optional, like
"choose what you want to sign". -
Non sincronizzatoHe assigned a few things from what
he's worked on on Debian -
Non sincronizzatoto Conservancy.
-
Non sincronizzatoI forgot what it was but he can tell you
if you ask him. -
Non sincronizzatoHe listed them off to me at lunch just
a few minutes ago -
Non sincronizzatoand they've already left my brain,
I apologize. -
Non sincronizzatoI read them too, and
they left my brain too. -
Non sincronizzatoI didn't get much sleep on the plane
??? -
Non sincronizzatoAnd he also provided a quote that
he wants to share with you -
Non sincronizzatoabout how he feels about this new
initiative that we're doing. -
Non sincronizzatoAnd there are others who are talking
about ??? signing -
Non sincronizzatoand I was really glad that Clint [Adams]
just agreed at lunch that -
Non sincronizzatohe hasn't signed up but he plans to.
-
Non sincronizzatoHe's actually like me, he's very anti-CLA
and anti Copyright Assignment Agreement -
Non sincronizzatobut I think the distinction between
-
Non sincronizzatoassigning to a charity and
assigning to a company -
Non sincronizzatois different, and so I think there is
a lot of value there. -
Non sincronizzatoBut I also want to talk about the other
things we're doing other than that. -
Non sincronizzatoI'm really excited about this program
-
Non sincronizzatoI know I sound excited because I feel like
the problems it solves are very grave -
Non sincronizzatoI sound like like it is urgent in my voice
-
Non sincronizzatobecause I think it's urgent that we deal
with the problems -
Non sincronizzatothat this program seeks to address
-
Non sincronizzatobut we've created a bunch of different
interesting ways to do it. -
Non sincronizzatoConservancy already had this problem
before, where people were like -
Non sincronizzato"Well, I care about the GPL but I don't
want to sign copyright to anyone. -
Non sincronizzatoIs there an other way we can get
enforcement done? -
Non sincronizzatoIs there an other way we can make sure
copyleft is ???" -
Non sincronizzatoAnd for the ??? project, for a busybox
project, for the GPL ??? project -
Non sincronizzatofor Linux developers, we already have
these things called -
Non sincronizzatoEnforcement agreements.
-
Non sincronizzatoWhat it is is an agreement between
the individual and the organization -
Non sincronizzatothat the organization will act
as their enforcement agent -
Non sincronizzatoto go out there and ensure that
the copyleft is complied, -
Non sincronizzatothe copyleft license of the project
is complied with. -
Non sincronizzatoThey are cancelable agreements, so
if you decide that Conservancy is -
Non sincronizzatogone crazy and is doing the wrong things,
-
Non sincronizzatoyou cancel with a 30 days notice and then
-
Non sincronizzatoConservancy is no longer your enforcement
agent.
- Titolo:
- ftp.acc.umu.se/.../Debians_Central_Role_in_the_Future_of_Software_Freedom.webm
- Video Language:
- English
- Team:
Debconf
- Progetto:
- 2015_debconf15
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