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[Bradley Kuhn] I have to be honest
I'm really honored to be here

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I don't say that to just every conference
I care a lot about Debian

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This is my 3rd DebConf I've ever been to.


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There have been a lot of them so I 
obviously haven't been to that many

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But I was at DebConf1

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I just learned today that it was zero
based so that it wasn't the first DebConf

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which I should have known but didn't for
some reason.

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I was at the 2nd DebConf by accident
somewhat because I was going to

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Libre Software Meeting and just
happened to

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book my flights so that I could be at
DebConf as well

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I gave a regular track talk at DebConf10
about the GPL v3

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because it was in New York City where I
was living at the time

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Here I'm giving an invited speaker talk or
keynote or whatever else it is called here

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That really means a lot to me.

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I'm a fan of Debian, I'm a user of Debian.

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I don't actually consider myself part of
the Debian community

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because other than filing a few bugs
over the years

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I haven't contributed all that much to
Debian but I've relied on it and used it

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and been a fan of it for so long
that I really love your project.

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So I am really honored to be invited to
speak here

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and I really believe that Debian is a
very special project for a lot of reasons.

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First of all, it has thrived for longer
than almost any free software project

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in existence in a lot of ways. 
There are top 10 lists of projects that

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Debian is certainly on as far as longevity
goes, maybe the top 5

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It's governance is one of the few
democratically elected and

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democratically controlled
governance processes in free software

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Everyone is a fan of talking about this
'benevolent dictator' stuff

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which I think is really horrible
The fact that somebody would call

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themselves a 'self appointed benevolent
dictator for life' is really disturbing.

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You are democratic.

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You elect your leadership.

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You have referendums on major issues
that everyone can vote on.

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That is amazingly rare, impressive
and important for free software.

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The other thing that really impresses me,

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in particular being somebody from the
non-profit world,

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is that Debian has been staunchly
non-commercial for it's entire existence.

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Of course I don't mean that Debian
can't be used in commercial settings.

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DFSG free means that things can be put
into commercial products.

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What I mean is that the project itself has
always been non-commercial,

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meaning that the people that work on it
are volunteering,

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and, even if their employers are paying
them to work on it,

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they are part of a community and not
doing their work inside Debian as

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officially part of some
commercial activity.

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Most free software projects these days
are controlled by

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some commercial entity or another.

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Debian is not.

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I was at Debconf1 which was really
exciting for me.

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I was a young executive director of
Free Software.

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I showed this picture to Karen Sandler who
I work with and said how different I look.

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She said I don't look different at all,

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but, speaking as the person that looks
at that face in the mirror every morning,

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there are a lot more lines on my face
than there.

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That is a smooth looking baby face that I
had 14 years ago that I don't have anymore

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I was pretty casual back then.
I'm not in short trousers any more.

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It's hard to see and you can see it in
some of the other photos that I was.

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Even in this heat like this I haven't
worn short trousers in a very long time.

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What's that? [bdale heckles]

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Bdale, I was thinking about mentioning you
and now I have to because you are heckling

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me [laughter]. Bdale is the one adult
in the room who can dress like

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everybody else but I can't pull it off

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I respect Bdale that he can. 
The tie-dye still works for him.

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And I stopped wearing t-shirts years ago
at conferences

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and here I'm sweating in my long sleeves
halfway between hacker and suit attire.

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And there [in the photo] I'm talking to
Martin Michmayer

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I'm going to do questions at the end Lars,
if that's ok.


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I'm not good with questions because I
get off topic easy.

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I left 17 minutes at the end for questions
which Bdale just took 3 of [laughter]

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There I'm talking to Martin Michlmayer
when I first met him.

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A lot of things have changed since I
looked at this photo.

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But one thing that hasn't changed,
you see this face that Martin is making.

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He still makes that face at me every time
I talk to him, which sort of says like

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"You do not know what you are talking
about". That hasn't changed, which is good

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[laughter]. I'm glad he is laughing in the
back there.

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Some things have stayed the same.
Martin still thinks I'm full of it.

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And I probably am, so that's ok.
I like people to keep me honest.

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Other than jokes, the thing that hasn't
really changed since I was first

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introduced to the Debian community, in
person, back in 2001,

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is the ethos of this community is still
the same one that I remember

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even though a lot of the developers
have changed.

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I talked to somebody who had never
even installed Debian when they were at

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DebConf1. I talked to someone who was
12 years old at the time of DebConf1.

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I find it impressive that what I call the
'morality of the hobbyist contributor'

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still lives strongly in Debian.

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The people in Debian want to do what is
right for other people -

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their users, co-developers,
co-contributors.

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They also volunteer to do that.

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As I said before, that doesn't mean that
they aren't being paid to do their work.

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It's the classic free software thing: lots
of people get paid to write free software.

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What I've seen recently, in many free
software projects, is that

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companies have used that. I think
OpenStack is one of the worst examples

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of this. To control the project by hiring
lots of it's developers.

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They have this kindof pull over the
project. I think that a lot of people that

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work at OpenStack would say they are
employers employee first and an

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OpenStack contributor second.

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I don't know anyone in Debian who would
not say 'I am a Debian developer' first

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and then I happen to be employed as a
second issue.

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Debian is their first priority.
Their job is their second.

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That hobbyist culture of 'my volunteer
work matters more to me than

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what actually pays me for a living'
is the kind of mentality that I am such a

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fan of. I try to live that in my own work
as well.

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I like interacting with the community.
I usually find conferences very stressful.

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This one I do not find as stressful
other than I'm standing in a room with a

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huge number of people. Other than that
I don't find it stressful

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because this is the kind of community
that thinks that way.

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I think a lot of it has to do with the
other structures you have set up around

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yourselves. The idea of having charities
that you work with

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which you have chosen to do a multi
charity situation where you have lots

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around the world that you can interact
with.

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One of them was founded by a Debian
developer initially.

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You reach out to other partnerships or
charities as a non-commercial community

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That allows you to have an infrastructure
that you can rely on that helps

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you maintain that community.
I'm very glad that you do that.

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I used to work for the FSF and am still on
the board of directors.

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Early in the project Debian was more or
less a GNU project for a while.

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It was part of the FSF. I know that
relationship has never been perfect

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sometimes rocky and sometimes better,
but the FSF saw this in Debian too

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very early on. That it was a really
important way to begin the whole

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distribution thing of free software and 
that culture was a match with

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FSF's culture.

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I know where the issues are and I'm
sure John is here to talk about them.

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But I think there is a lot of cultural
connect between FSF and Debian.

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I'm a little obsessed about this quote.
I saw it in real time.

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I was subscribed to comp.os.minux in Aug
of '91 when it was posted

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Part of it was that when I started working
for the FSF I started thinking about it

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and the FSF when I worked there had 7
employees and still has under 20

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That's not big.

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So I don't think of it as big and I guess
strictly speaking,

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since the FSF is a very professional
organisation, and to take the

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strict definition professional means you
get paid to do this thing,

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you do it for a living - yes, the FSF
staff are professionals

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in all the ways you might use the word
professional,

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but I don't think that's what Linus
was going for in this quote

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I don't think he meant those normal things
about professional

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I think what he was going for is he was
trying to create Linux back when he was
humble

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Because people forget Linus used to be
really humble. Once upon a time.

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[laughter]

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I don't know... ok. I think some of his
early posts were humble

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but we can debate that I suppose.

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One of the things that Linus understood
well was that he wanted to create

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a project where individuals collaborated
together in their own capacity.

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He wanted a hobbyist kind of culture and
was interested in that kind of culture.

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I think that what he got wrong was not
realising how important charities are

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to that culture and I think Debian has
always got that right.

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You've always interacted with charities
in good ways.

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I think you keep them at arms length,
which is OK and reasonable, but

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you've always seen the value,
always seen the connection between being

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a non-commercial hobbyist controlled
project, very professional I think, but

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still hobbyist controlled in a sense that
you are volunteers doing the right things

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for everyone in your community.

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At the same time reaching out to these
charities and letting them help you

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get done what you need to get do in the
logistical world outside of your project.

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What I've seen in other projects that
Debian has not suffered from

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is the politics of the projects have
bifurcated.

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There's the technical politics which is
the usual arguments about

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this technology verses that technology

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say, systemd verses upstart, something
like that

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and that, I think in almost every project
still remains under developer control.

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People who are developers decide
technical decisions like that.

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But the political governance in most other
projects has been hijacked in my view.

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By various different groups, depending on
the project

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but usually some mix of lawyers or
business type people who are somehow

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in for profit companies or industry
associations,

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that have taken over the political
governance.

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The reason they've succeeded in doing this
I think is because most developers

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care deeply about the technical politics,
but not so much about the other politics.

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They want to make those decisions once
and leave them alone.

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A lot of my work in Conservancy is to help
developers make those decisions right once

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and then be able to leave them alone
without it having bite them later.

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I think a lot of projects have faced that
situation, where the non technical

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politics of their projects are under the
control of people who are

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not members of the community, not really.

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I think that has really happened to Linux.

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I think that the Linux non technical
politics are out of the hands of

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the developers and it's a very sad thing,
from my point of view

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I think the companies control those
politics

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and they don't keep developers out
entirely, but they gate keep

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from letting certain developers into the
politics of what's really going on in the

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non technical space.

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I've met many Linux developers who feel
disenfranchised.

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It's why Conservancy has a GPL enforcement
project for Linux.

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Because they've come to us to ask for
someone who has a charitable mission

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to do the right thing for the public good,
as opposed to the what companies want.

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I think that's what these charities serve.

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If you look at any of these charities that
we have out there,

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Conservancy, Software in the Public
Interest, FSF,

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they do things for hobbyist developers
that are the morally right thing to do

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but are sometimes controversial

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that developers actually really need,

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maybe sometimes don't want to spend too
much time on

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because they're more interested in other
things,

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but companies and trade associations don't
need them and in fact

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they often oppose them.

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As I said, we're doing at Conservancy the
GPL enforcement for Linux

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because it is not in the business interest
of the companies who invest in Linux

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to see the GPL enforced.

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In many cases they actually oppose it
being enforced at all.

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Which brings me to copyleft generally.

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My last talk to all of you was at DebConf
10,

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where I told you about GPL v3 and how
wonderful it is and

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how much I respected Debian's commitment
to copyleft.

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Now that's not to say everything in the
archive is copyleft, I would guess that

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most things in the archive aren't, as it
turns out.

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But there are many, many important things
in Debian's archive that are copylefted

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and many Debian meta-projects that you
rely on every day as part of your

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development that you have chosen to
copyleft.

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So I see Debian as a strongly connected
project to the broader copyleft community

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which I am heavily involved in.

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Excessively involved in you might say.

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The organisation I work for is funding
a lawsuit, here in Germany

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against VMware for violating the GPL for
a very long time and refusing to comply.

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Christoph Hellwig is the plaintiff. It is
in a Berlin court.

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Till Jaeger is his lawyer and you have to
read the FAQ.

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I am, admittedly, not as comfortable with
the German legal system as the US.

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I am used to the US where everything is
public.

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The German legal system doesn't work
that way.

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I respect the cultural difference and
therefore we put what we could in the FAQ

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so you could go read it.

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So if you were hoping to hear all about
the VMware lawsuit in this talk this is

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the only slide that covers it, sorry to
say.

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You can load your browser and look at the
FAQ I guess.

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The interesting thing that I can talk
about is the aftermath in the politics in

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the community that I think a lot of
people, even people in this room got wrong

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about what was going to happen after we
sued VMware.

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I have myself been a little bit surprised
that the response by many for profit

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companies (in the back channels, this has 
not been in press releases, obviously)

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has been to attempt to eradicate copyleft
entirely, or at the very least

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stop its enforcement.

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At this point, for anybody who wants to
make a strong commitment like Christoph,

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like me, to spend a lot of time enforcing
GPL, it is an extremely, politically

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treacherous decision.

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We have people in our GPL enforcement
project for Linux at Conservancy who

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insist on anonymity because they are
terrified it will affect their ability to

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get jobs, and other things if they're even
heard to be talking to people who do

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enforcement.

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I think what's happened is that the people
who have always been against copyleft

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subtly and quietly now see there's some
chinks in the armour.

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There are very few people still enforcing
the copyleft.

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The only two organisations doing it as
part of a charity are the FSF and

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Conservany.

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It's a time for the sharks to circle and
see if they can finish off the rest.

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That's what I think is happening.

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Now, this matters to you.

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Even if you don't care that much about
copyleft, it matters.

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Ubuntu was violating your copyrights for
two years.

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They had a trademark policy that
contradicted the GPL.

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It's a violation of the GPL.

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The Free Software Foundation and
Conservacy worked very, very hard for two

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years to get it resolved.
It's been resolved.

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The trademark policy, as it stands - you
can read the statements on both

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Conservancy and FSF's websites - is in
compliance with the GPL.

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I'm glad that Canonical eventually did the
right thing.

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However, you've got to read the
fine print.

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Because what they've done is they've said
"Well, by using this trump clause thing to

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comply", it means that all the non
copylefted software (from Debian which of

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course then ends up in Ubuntu) is then
propitiatorized, effectively, when it goes

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into Ubuntu, because all these additional
restrictions and terms in the trademark

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policy that are contradictory to copyleft,
the trump clause passes them out for

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copyleft so you can't have those
contradicting copyleft, but they happily

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don't contradict the two clause BSD
license, or the Apache software license or

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various other licenses.

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A lot is being proprietarized, now it's
totally permissible by the copyright

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license, but I would encourage everyone
in the Debian community to think about

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how much you like that.

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Because your goal is to make everything in
main be DFSG free, but when it gets into

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Ubuntu main it automatically (if it's not
copylefted) falls under this trademark

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policy that's unfriendly to free software
and I would argue DFSG non-free.

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I think we're facing some really tough
challenges.

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I believe free software has been largely
co-opted by for profit companies.

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That's why I still say free software and
not open source, because I think

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source (I actually agree with RMS about
this) is a term that allows companies to

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take the good parts they want from free
software and leave the political stuff

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that many of us care about and still be
able to exploit it for their own purposes.

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Meanwhile, Debian is a hugely important
political part of what's happening.

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Because Debian is this really important
non-commercial project.

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Probably the largest non-commercial
project of it's kind that's still

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extremely relevant in the free software
community.

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Your long history and your good governance
have insulated you from a lot of these

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politics that have happened in other
projects.

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
What's happened to OpenStack would never
happen to Debian, because you're too

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old for it to happen to you.

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It's just kinda nice that it works out
that way.

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There's some usefulness in being old.
[laughter]

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Eventually the pressure will catch up to
you.

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Somebody's going to do it.

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
Canonical just tried it and didn't succeed
thanks to the fact that we stopped them

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but someone else will come along and try
to do it next.

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
I think it's just a harbinger of things to
come at this point and copyleft is going

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to matter more and more to Debian as time
goes on because it is the thing standing

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between these kinds of manoeuvres and
free software.

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I always see Debian as a key building
block of other free software.

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People build stuff on top of Debian all
the time.

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
I find in my work investigating GPL
violations plenty of times where it's a

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
Debian system they just took and then
gave no source code and moved it into a

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product and violated the GPL.

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That means that people who are powerful
and corrupt will want to control it,

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because it's essential and if they could
somehow take control of Debian they could

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
control a lot of the software world.

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I think they can't get control of you,
because of the way you're organised, but

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that doesn't mean they're not going to
try.

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
Now, I think that is so successful because
Debian has always been about people.

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The decision to make the Debian Developer
- and I know it's different know, but

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
originally the Debian Developer was the
pinnacle of how you became part of this

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
community, you passed your Debian
Developer stuff, which I've never been

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
able to pass, because I'm lame - but I
always believe that people oriented

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
manner of operating was essential to how
that worked.

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
Now since that first DebConf, I admit I've
not spent much of my time with developers,

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
certainly not as much as I would have
liked.

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
I spend most of my time around lawyers and
business people in the last 13 or 14 years

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
and they look at Debian or in fact any
free software very differently.

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
Most of these people look at it not about
the people, they see people as basically

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fungible - any developer's good as the
next, right? From a business person's

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
perspective.

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
But the assets that sit there, things like
copyrights.

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That they look at as the output of Debian,

315
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the value that Debian generates.

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
There is a certain technical correctness
to that, it's like until you write

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something down it doesn't exist, kind of
thing,

318
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
so the fact that Debian generates
copyrights as you all are doing your work,

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packaging packages, writing documentation,
everything that you do.

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That's the record of what you did, which
is then copyrightable, so there's a

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
certain logic to this lawyer's way of
looking at Debian, so say

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
"Oh, it's just the assets. There's some
trademarks, some copyrights yada yada"

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What I think you should all think about in
response to that is maybe there's some

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
value to that, maybe you should leverage
the assets we have as a way to fight for

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
ourselves, fight for good cause of free
software.

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
The one way to look at copyleft is and
this is one I like almost the best,

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is that it's really just a mechanism to
leverage assets, which lots of us agree

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shouldn't exist - I'm not a fan of
copyright by any means, but you take those

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
assets that are forced upon you basically
by the system we live in and try to

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
utilize them in some novel way to maximise
fairness and goodness and benefit to other

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
people.

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
I wrote an essay years ago with Richard
Stallman about this, about how the power

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to chose a license on software is this
inappropriate power that people shouldn't

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
get. They get it anyway, so the only thing
we can do is make a good choice about our

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
licenses to neutralise the power we should
never have been given to start with.

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
I often talk about this as using the tools
of the oppressor against the oppressor.

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If we're going to do that, that means we
have to look at every tool they use with

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
regard to copyright.

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
We've generally just looked at the
licensing tool.

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
The tool of "what license do I put on my
software", that's how I'll do it.

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
I'll put a copyleft license so that I'm
defending software freedom by putting

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
a copyleft licence on my code, but I think
Debian could go even further and use these

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
tools in additional ways to help defend
software freedom.

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
With that, I'd like to announce a thing
that Conservancy is doing for Debian.

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
This was officially put into place in
April.

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
We waited to announce it until my keynote
here because we knew I was going to be

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keynoting.

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
It's an agreement that has been signed
between the DPL and the Conservancy

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to offer the following services to the
Debian project,

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
all of which are optional to all Debian
Developers.

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
It's a programme begun under the Software
Freedom Conservancy, and we recognise

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
that as a member of SPI we asked SPI if
it's ok if we did this before we did it

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
because we wanted to make sure we weren't
offending your other charity organisation

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
in the United States, and they agreed that
this was fine.

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
It permits any Debian Developer who would
like to, to optionally, and in a

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
configurable way, assign any copyrights in
their Debian related works to Conservancy

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
if they would like to.

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
If they don't want to do that, it also
permits them, if they would like, to sign

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
an enforcement agreement with Conservancy,
to ask Conservancy to enforce free

360
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
software licenses on behalf of that
developer and that's an agreement that

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
can be cancelled, I'll talk more about
that in a minute.

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
Probably of the most interest to a lot of
you because it's going to come up the most

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
often is Conservancy will provide
licensing support and advice on an ongoing

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
basis for the Debian Project, and I'll
talk more later on how we're going to

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do that.

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The whole reason this exists is because a
key Debian contributor came to us and

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asked us to do it and we were happy to do
it, and I'll talk about who that was in a

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few minutes.

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
First, I felt I have to talk about this,
because I've spend a lot of years lately,

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
in fact the last time I was in Germany, I
was here to debate Mark Shuttleworth about

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copyright assignment.

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
The fact that I've just pitched to you
that copyright assignment is now available

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
for Debian Developers I'm sure is probably
leaving you to wonder a little bit.

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
It's certainly true that the kinds of
problems that I'm talking about

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
sometimes come out from the fact that
for profit companies come to

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
free software developers and convince
them to assign copyright to that company

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
or they ask them to sign some
heavyweight contributor license

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
agreement which has the almost legal
identical effect of a copyright assignment

379
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
The reason they do that is because they
want to, usually, make proprietary

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
versions of those copyrighted works, or
otherwise exploit them in some way

381
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
that the free software license, that they
would have got anyway,

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
would not allow them to do.

383
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
I'm against all that.

384
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
I'm opposed to using copyright
assignment in that way.

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
But then when I think about the original
motivations of copyleft it always was

386
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
using tools that were not totally
comfortable with existing at all

387
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
against themselves. So why not look at
copyright assignment this way:

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
If you only assign your copyright to
charities that take a good strong stand

389
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
for software freedom you be able to
maximize the benefits of your

390
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
copyrights allowing an organization that,
say, enforces the GPL or otherwise

391
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
trying to do the right things with those
copyrights to advance software freedom

392
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
you can help that work along by doing
that.

393
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
The other point I want to make is that
the only reason those nefarious uses

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
of copyright assignment can ever work
is because they collect 100%

395
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
of copyright.

396
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
I think no project should have
consolidated copyright at 100%

397
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
any more. I think that's an antiquated
way of thinking.

398
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
I would encourage Debian to have multi
copyright held forever which it probably

399
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
will. There will never be a single
copyright holder of Debian I'm sure.

400
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
Even if you just took the parts that
Debian developers had contributed,

401
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
not all of them are going to sign to
one entity.

402
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
Even if a few Debian developers assign
to Conservancy or many there will still be

403
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
a nice diverse copyright base which I
think creates a healthy community.

404
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
There's a very sad but simply true reason
that copyright assignment is important.

405
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
This is from the Debian history file.
We've lost people in our community.

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
We will lose more as time goes on.

407
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
Most of this community is very young but
I'm ageing and we are all ageing at the

408
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
same rate, more or less.

409
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
You need to think about that question.

410
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
What happens if something happens to
me.

411
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
What happens to my contributions to
the community?

412
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
What do they do?
Where do they go?

413
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
I think we should think about that.

414
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
I've had to talk to developers heirs on
the phone to get licensing problems

415
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
fixed. It's one of the most horrible things
I've ever had to do on my job.

416
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
Think for yourself about: do you want
your heirs or people who are in charge

417
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
of your copyrights when you pass
having to do that.

418
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
The other less sad problem is that
people forget to take care of things.

419
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
They put them off, especially when they
are boring and annoying.

420
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
So things like copyright enforcement or
copyleft enforcement tends

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99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
not to happen.

422
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
I know from my years and years of
experience doing it that

423
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
there are constantly hundreds and
hundreds of violations all the time.

424
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
All of them are urgent, more or less,
because they are all really

425
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
hurting users.

426
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
I don't know about you, but when
you have a bug queue

427
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
where every single bug is critical,
none of them are critical, right?

428
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
Because then it's ,like, over, the project
is screwed.

429
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
That's how GPL enforcement has felt for
years and years and years.

430
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
While you can think about how having
your own copyrights is my privilege

431
99:59:59,999 --> 99:59:59,999
(29:02)