WEBVTT 00:00:01.600 --> 00:00:02.834 Sᴜᴘᴘᴏʀᴛᴇᴅ ʙʏ 00:00:02.834 --> 00:00:04.350 Sᴜᴘᴘᴏʀᴛᴇᴅ ʙʏ Protocol Labs 00:00:04.350 --> 00:00:05.419 Sᴜᴘᴘᴏʀᴛᴇᴅ ʙʏ Protocol Labs Follow your curiosity. 00:00:05.419 --> 00:00:09.187 Sᴜᴘᴘᴏʀᴛᴇᴅ ʙʏ Protocol Labs Follow your curiosity. Lead humanity forward. 00:00:09.187 --> 00:00:09.437 Protocol Labs Follow your curiosity. Lead humanity forward. 00:00:09.437 --> 00:00:09.687 Follow your curiosity. Lead humanity forward. 00:00:16.820 --> 00:00:19.069 In all the universe, 00:00:19.069 --> 00:00:24.540 In all the universe, there stands only one known tree of life. 00:00:31.421 --> 00:00:34.443 Does it stand alone? 00:00:34.443 --> 00:00:40.311 Does it stand alone? Or is it part of a vast cosmic wilderness? 00:00:46.038 --> 00:00:52.517 Imagine a museum containing every type of life in the universe. 00:00:58.362 --> 00:01:00.757 What strange things would such a museum hold? 00:01:16.257 --> 00:01:18.667 What is possible under the laws of nature? 00:01:39.767 --> 00:01:40.906 LIFE 00:01:40.906 --> 00:01:45.610 LIFE BEYOND 00:01:49.016 --> 00:01:49.885 CHAPTER II 00:01:49.885 --> 00:01:55.406 CHAPTER II The Museum Of Alien Life 00:02:02.805 --> 00:02:03.657 To have any hope- 00:02:03.657 --> 00:02:05.506 of finding alien life, 00:02:05.537 --> 00:02:07.408 we have to know what to look for. 00:02:12.060 --> 00:02:13.945 But where do we begin? 00:02:15.303 --> 00:02:16.446 How do we narrow down... 00:02:16.568 --> 00:02:18.068 a seemingly infinite set- 00:02:18.068 --> 00:02:20.175 of possibilities? 00:02:27.310 --> 00:02:29.968 There's one thing we know for sure... 00:02:30.683 --> 00:02:32.045 nature will have to play- 00:02:32.075 --> 00:02:33.375 by her own rules. 00:02:36.791 --> 00:02:38.166 No matter how strange- 00:02:38.196 --> 00:02:39.806 alien life might be... 00:02:40.386 --> 00:02:41.180 is going to be limited- 00:02:41.220 --> 00:02:42.596 by the same physical, 00:02:42.606 --> 00:02:44.756 and chemical laws that we are... 00:02:46.952 --> 00:02:47.014 6_ 00:02:47.014 --> 00:02:47.077 6 C_ 00:02:47.077 --> 00:02:47.139 6 CO_ 00:02:47.139 --> 00:02:47.202 6 CO₂ 00:02:47.202 --> 00:02:47.264 6 CO₂ + 00:02:47.264 --> 00:02:47.327 6 CO₂ + 6 00:02:47.327 --> 00:02:47.389 6 CO₂ + 6 H_ 00:02:47.389 --> 00:02:47.452 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂_ 00:02:47.452 --> 00:02:47.514 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O_ 00:02:47.514 --> 00:02:47.577 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + 00:02:47.577 --> 00:02:47.639 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + L 00:02:47.639 --> 00:02:47.702 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + Li 00:02:47.702 --> 00:02:47.764 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + Lig_ 00:02:47.764 --> 00:02:47.827 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + Ligh_ 00:02:47.827 --> 00:02:47.889 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + Light_ 00:02:47.889 --> 00:02:47.952 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + Light → 00:02:47.952 --> 00:02:48.014 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + Light → C 00:02:48.014 --> 00:02:48.077 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + Light → C₆ 00:02:48.077 --> 00:02:48.139 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + Light → C₆H_ 00:02:48.139 --> 00:02:48.202 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + Light → C₆H₁_ 00:02:48.202 --> 00:02:48.264 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + Light → C₆H₁₂_ 00:02:48.264 --> 00:02:48.326 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + Light → C₆H₁₂O 00:02:48.326 --> 00:02:48.389 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + Light → C₆H₁₂O₆ 00:02:48.389 --> 00:02:48.451 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + Light → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 00:02:48.451 --> 00:02:48.514 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + Light → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6_ 00:02:48.514 --> 00:02:48.576 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + Light → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O_ 00:02:48.576 --> 00:02:51.613 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + Light → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂ 00:02:51.613 --> 00:02:52.312 On top of this, 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + Light → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂ 00:02:52.312 --> 00:02:52.733 On top of this, 00:02:53.183 --> 00:02:53.694 each alien environment- 00:02:53.694 --> 00:02:53.756 ⁴⁵⁸ ʜʏᴅʀᴏɢᴇɴ each alien environment- 00:02:53.756 --> 00:02:53.819 ⁴⁵⁸ ʜʏᴅʀᴏɢᴇɴ | C₆_ each alien environment- 00:02:53.819 --> 00:02:53.881 ⁴⁵⁸ ʜʏᴅʀᴏɢᴇɴ | C₆H_ each alien environment- 00:02:53.881 --> 00:02:53.944 ⁴⁵⁸ ʜʏᴅʀᴏɢᴇɴ | C₆H₁_ each alien environment- 00:02:53.944 --> 00:02:54.006 ⁴⁵⁸ ʜʏᴅʀᴏɢᴇɴ | C₆H₁₂ each alien environment- 00:02:54.006 --> 00:02:54.069 ⁴⁵⁸ ʜʏᴅʀᴏɢᴇɴ | C₆H₁₂O_ each alien environment- 00:02:54.069 --> 00:02:54.131 ⁴⁵⁸ ʜʏᴅʀᴏɢᴇɴ | C₆H₁₂O₆_ each alien environment- 00:02:54.131 --> 00:02:54.194 ⁴⁵⁸ ʜʏᴅʀᴏɢᴇɴ | C₆H₁₂O₆ →_ each alien environment- 00:02:54.194 --> 00:02:54.256 ⁴⁵⁸ ʜʏᴅʀᴏɢᴇɴ | C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2 each alien environment- 00:02:54.256 --> 00:02:54.319 ⁴⁵⁸ ʜʏᴅʀᴏɢᴇɴ | C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2C each alien environment- 00:02:54.319 --> 00:02:54.381 ⁴⁵⁸ ʜʏᴅʀᴏɢᴇɴ | C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2C₂ each alien environment- 00:02:54.381 --> 00:02:54.444 ⁴⁵⁸ ʜʏᴅʀᴏɢᴇɴ | C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2C₂H_ each alien environment- 00:02:54.444 --> 00:02:54.506 ⁴⁵⁸ ʜʏᴅʀᴏɢᴇɴ | C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2C₂H₅_ each alien environment- 00:02:54.506 --> 00:02:54.569 ⁴⁵⁸ ʜʏᴅʀᴏɢᴇɴ | C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2C₂H₅O_ each alien environment- 00:02:54.569 --> 00:02:54.631 ⁴⁵⁸ ʜʏᴅʀᴏɢᴇɴ | C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2C₂H₅OH each alien environment- 00:02:54.631 --> 00:02:54.694 ⁴⁵⁸ ʜʏᴅʀᴏɢᴇɴ | C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2C₂H₅OH + each alien environment- 00:02:54.694 --> 00:02:54.756 ⁴⁵⁸ ʜʏᴅʀᴏɢᴇɴ | C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2C₂H₅OH +2 00:02:54.756 --> 00:02:54.819 ⁴⁵⁸ ʜʏᴅʀᴏɢᴇɴ | C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2C₂H₅OH +2C_ will further limit- 00:02:54.819 --> 00:02:54.881 ⁴⁵⁸ ʜʏᴅʀᴏɢᴇɴ | C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2C₂H₅OH +2CO_ will further limit- 00:02:54.881 --> 00:02:54.944 ⁴⁵⁸ ʜʏᴅʀᴏɢᴇɴ | C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2C₂H₅OH +2CO₂ +_ will further limit- 00:02:54.944 --> 00:02:55.006 ⁴⁵⁸ ʜʏᴅʀᴏɢᴇɴ | C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2C₂H₅OH +2CO₂ + E will further limit- 00:02:55.006 --> 00:02:55.069 ⁴⁵⁸ ʜʏᴅʀᴏɢᴇɴ | C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2C₂H₅OH +2CO₂ + En will further limit- 00:02:55.069 --> 00:02:55.131 ⁴⁵⁸ ʜʏᴅʀᴏɢᴇɴ | C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2C₂H₅OH +2CO₂ + Ene will further limit- 00:02:55.131 --> 00:02:55.194 ⁴⁵⁸ ᴏxʏɢᴇɴ | C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2C₂H₅OH +2CO₂ + Ener_ will further limit- 00:02:55.194 --> 00:02:55.256 ⁴⁵⁸ ᴏxʏɢᴇɴ | C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2C₂H₅OH +2CO₂ + Energ_ will further limit- 00:02:55.256 --> 00:02:55.319 ⁴⁵⁸ ᴏxʏɢᴇɴ | C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2C₂H₅OH +2CO₂ + Energy_ will further limit- 00:02:55.319 --> 00:02:55.632 ⁴⁵⁸ ᴏxʏɢᴇɴ | C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2C₂H₅OH +2CO₂ + Energy will further limit- 00:02:55.632 --> 00:02:56.691 ⁴⁵⁸ ᴏxʏɢᴇɴ | C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2C₂H₅OH +2CO₂ + Energy what kinds of life forms- 00:02:56.691 --> 00:02:57.311 ⁴⁵⁸ ᴏxʏɢᴇɴ | C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2C₂H₅OH +2CO₂ + Energy can evolve there. 00:02:57.311 --> 00:02:57.436 ⁴⁵⁸ ɴɪʀᴏɢᴇɴ | C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2C₂H₅OH +2CO₂ + Energy can evolve there. 00:02:57.436 --> 00:02:59.376 ⁴⁰⁵⁰ ɴɪʀᴏɢᴇɴ | C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2C₂H₅OH +2CO₂ + Energy can evolve there. 00:03:06.742 --> 00:03:09.169 Despite these natural boundaries, 00:03:09.203 --> 00:03:10.074 the possibilities... 00:03:10.074 --> 00:03:12.206 are staggering to imagine. 00:03:14.235 --> 00:03:15.700 Trillions of planets... 00:03:15.700 --> 00:03:17.878 each a unique cauldron of chemicals, 00:03:17.924 --> 00:03:18.998 undergoing their own... 00:03:18.998 --> 00:03:23.036 complex evolution. 00:03:28.150 --> 00:03:29.360 To guide our thinking, 00:03:29.598 --> 00:03:31.316 this museum of alien life- 00:03:31.346 --> 00:03:34.396 will be divided into two exhibits... 00:03:35.668 --> 00:03:36.041 Life as we know it, NOTE Paragraph 00:03:36.041 --> 00:03:37.194 EXHIBIT I Life As We Know It ᶜᵃʳᵇᵒⁿ ᵃⁿᵈ ʷᵃᵗᵉʳ ᵇᵃˢᵉᵈ Life as we know it, 00:03:37.194 --> 00:03:38.215 EXHIBIT I Life As We Know It ᶜᵃʳᵇᵒⁿ ᵃⁿᵈ ʷᵃᵗᵉʳ ᵇᵃˢᵉᵈ home to beings- 00:03:38.215 --> 00:03:40.940 EXHIBIT I Life As We Know It ᶜᵃʳᵇᵒⁿ ᵃⁿᵈ ʷᵃᵗᵉʳ ᵇᵃˢᵉᵈ with bio-chemistries like ours. 00:03:41.569 --> 00:03:41.694 EXHIBIT II Life As We Know Don't It ᴱˣᵒᵗⁱᶜ ᴮⁱᵒᶜʰᵉᵐⁱˢᵗʳⁱᵉˢ 00:03:41.694 --> 00:03:43.588 EXHIBIT II Life As We Know Don't It ᴱˣᵒᵗⁱᶜ ᴮⁱᵒᶜʰᵉᵐⁱˢᵗʳⁱᵉˢ And life as we don't know it, 00:03:43.588 --> 00:03:44.068 EXHIBIT II Life As We Know Don't It ᴱˣᵒᵗⁱᶜ ᴮⁱᵒᶜʰᵉᵐⁱˢᵗʳⁱᵉˢ 00:03:44.068 --> 00:03:45.038 EXHIBIT II Life As We Know Don't It ᴱˣᵒᵗⁱᶜ ᴮⁱᵒᶜʰᵉᵐⁱˢᵗʳⁱᵉˢ home to beings- 00:03:45.038 --> 00:03:46.428 EXHIBIT II Life As We Know Don't It ᴱˣᵒᵗⁱᶜ ᴮⁱᵒᶜʰᵉᵐⁱˢᵗʳⁱᵉˢ that challenge our concept... 00:03:46.428 --> 00:03:47.818 EXHIBIT II Life As We Know Don't It ᴱˣᵒᵗⁱᶜ ᴮⁱᵒᶜʰᵉᵐⁱˢᵗʳⁱᵉˢ to of life itself. 00:03:54.022 --> 00:03:54.986 Before we venture- 00:03:55.042 --> 00:03:56.889 too far into the unknown, 00:03:57.103 --> 00:03:59.177 we have to ask ourselves... 00:03:59.956 --> 00:04:01.059 What if alien life- 00:04:01.133 --> 00:04:02.133 is more like us... 00:04:02.133 --> 00:04:03.939 than we think? 00:04:10.749 --> 00:04:12.553 EXHIBIT I 00:04:12.553 --> 00:04:14.746 EXHIBIT I Life As We Know It 00:04:14.746 --> 00:04:15.174 EXHIBIT I Life As We Know It ᶜᵃʳᵇᵒⁿ ᵃⁿᵈ ʷᵃᵗᵉʳ ᵇᵃˢᵉᵈ 00:04:15.174 --> 00:04:16.307 EXHIBIT I Life As We Know It ᶜᵃʳᵇᵒⁿ ᵃⁿᵈ ʷᵃᵗᵉʳ ᵇᵃˢᵉᵈ If there's one feature- 00:04:16.307 --> 00:04:17.297 EXHIBIT I Life As We Know It ᶜᵃʳᵇᵒⁿ ᵃⁿᵈ ʷᵃᵗᵉʳ ᵇᵃˢᵉᵈ that unites us... 00:04:17.297 --> 00:04:18.418 EXHIBIT I Life As We Know It ᶜᵃʳᵇᵒⁿ ᵃⁿᵈ ʷᵃᵗᵉʳ ᵇᵃˢᵉᵈ with these other specimens- 00:04:18.418 --> 00:04:19.510 EXHIBIT I Life As We Know It ᶜᵃʳᵇᵒⁿ ᵃⁿᵈ ʷᵃᵗᵉʳ ᵇᵃˢᵉᵈ in this museum, 00:04:19.510 --> 00:04:19.922 EXHIBIT I Life As We Know It ᶜᵃʳᵇᵒⁿ ᵃⁿᵈ ʷᵃᵗᵉʳ ᵇᵃˢᵉᵈ 00:04:19.922 --> 00:04:21.245 EXHIBIT I Life As We Know It ᶜᵃʳᵇᵒⁿ ᵃⁿᵈ ʷᵃᵗᵉʳ ᵇᵃˢᵉᵈ it's carbon... 00:04:21.775 --> 00:04:22.025 Carbon 00:04:22.025 --> 00:04:22.087 Carbon ⁴ 00:04:22.087 --> 00:04:22.150 S_ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ 00:04:22.150 --> 00:04:22.212 ᴀ_ Sᴜ_ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐ 00:04:22.212 --> 00:04:22.275 C_ ᴀᴛ_ Sᴜʙ_ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒ 00:04:22.275 --> 00:04:22.337 R_ C_ ᴀᴛᴏ_ Sᴜʙʟ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢ 00:04:22.337 --> 00:04:22.400 R +_ C_ ᴀᴛᴏᴍ Sᴜʙʟɪ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ 00:04:22.400 --> 00:04:22.462 R + 7:_ C ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃ 00:04:22.462 --> 00:04:22.525 R + 7: 9 C ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀ_ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇ 00:04:22.525 --> 00:04:22.587 R + 7: 9: C 0 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡ_ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛ_ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘ 00:04:22.587 --> 00:04:22.650 R + 7: 9: 5 C 0_ ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇ_ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪ_ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿ 00:04:22.650 --> 00:04:22.712 R + 7: 9: 56_ C 0_ ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪ_ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪᴏ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿᵈ 00:04:22.712 --> 00:04:22.775 R + 7: 9: 56._ C 0_ ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪᴏɴ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿᵈᵃ 00:04:22.775 --> 00:04:22.837 R + 7: 9: 56.2_ C 0 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿᵈᵃⁿ 00:04:22.837 --> 00:04:22.900 R + 7: 9: 56.25: C 00 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘᴏ_ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿᵈᵃⁿᵗ 00:04:22.900 --> 00:04:22.962 R + 7: 9: 56.25: C 00 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: ₁ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘᴏɪ_ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿᵈᵃⁿᵗ ᵉ 00:04:22.962 --> 00:04:23.025 R + 7: 9: 56.25: C 00_ ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: ₁₂ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘᴏɪɴ_ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿᵈᵃⁿᵗ ᵉˡ 00:04:23.025 --> 00:04:23.087 R + 7: 9: 56.25: C 00_ ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: ₁₂. Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿᵈᵃⁿᵗ ᵉˡᵉ 00:04:23.087 --> 00:04:23.150 R + 7: 9: 56.25: C 00_ ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: ₁₂.₀ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿᵈᵃⁿᵗ ᵉˡᵉᵐ 00:04:23.150 --> 00:04:23.212 R + 7: 9: 56.25: C 006 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: ₁₂.₀₁ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿᵈᵃⁿᵗ ᵉˡᵉᵐᵉ 00:04:23.212 --> 00:04:23.275 R + 7: 9: 56.25: C 006 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: ₁₂.₀₁₁ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁹ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿᵈᵃⁿᵗ ᵉˡᵉᵐᵉⁿ 00:04:23.275 --> 00:04:23.337 R + 7: 9: 56.25: C 006 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: ₁₂.₀₁₁ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁹¹ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿᵈᵃⁿᵗ ᵉˡᵉᵐᵉⁿᵗ 00:04:23.337 --> 00:04:23.400 R + 7: 9: 56.25: C 006 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: ₁₂.₀₁₁ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁹¹⁵ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿᵈᵃⁿᵗ ᵉˡᵉᵐᵉⁿᵗ 00:04:23.400 --> 00:04:24.370 R + 7: 9: 56.25: C 006 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: ₁₂.₀₁₁ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁹¹⁵ ᴷ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿᵈᵃⁿᵗ ᵉˡᵉᵐᵉⁿᵗ 00:04:24.370 --> 00:04:24.570 R + 7: 9: 56.25: Period 2 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: ₁₂.₀₁₁ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁹¹⁵ ᴷ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿᵈᵃⁿᵗ ᵉˡᵉᵐᵉⁿᵗ 00:04:24.570 --> 00:04:26.147 R + 7: 9: 56.25: Period 2 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: ₁₂.₀₁₁ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁹¹⁵ ᴷ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿᵈᵃⁿᵗ ᵉˡᵉᵐᵉⁿᵗ Carbon is ubiquitous, 00:04:26.147 --> 00:04:26.287 R + 7: 9: 56.25: Period 2 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: ₁₂.₀₁₁ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁹¹⁵ ᴷ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿᵈᵃⁿᵗ ᵉˡᵉᵐᵉⁿᵗ 00:04:26.287 --> 00:04:26.575 R + 7: 9: 56.25: Period 2 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: ₁₂.₀₁₁ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁹¹⁵ ᴷ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿᵈᵃⁿᵗ ᵉˡᵉᵐᵉⁿᵗ it's one o' tho most- 00:04:26.575 --> 00:04:27.514 R + 7: 9: 56.25: P-block ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: ₁₂.₀₁₁ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁹¹⁵ ᴷ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿᵈᵃⁿᵗ ᵉˡᵉᵐᵉⁿᵗ it's one o' tho most- 00:04:27.514 --> 00:04:28.790 R + 7: 9: 56.25: P-block ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: ₁₂.₀₁₁ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁹¹⁵ ᴷ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿᵈᵃⁿᵗ ᵉˡᵉᵐᵉⁿᵗ common elements in the universe, 00:04:28.790 --> 00:04:29.357 R + 7: 9: 56.25: Group 14 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: ₁₂.₀₁₁ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁹¹⁵ ᴷ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿᵈᵃⁿᵗ ᵉˡᵉᵐᵉⁿᵗ common elements in the universe, 00:04:29.357 --> 00:04:29.515 R + 7: 9: 56.25: Group 14 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: ₁₂.₀₁₁ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁹¹⁵ ᴷ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿᵈᵃⁿᵗ ᵉˡᵉᵐᵉⁿᵗ 00:04:29.515 --> 00:04:30.429 R + 7: 9: 56.25: Group 14 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: ₁₂.₀₁₁ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁹¹⁵ ᴷ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿᵈᵃⁿᵗ ᵉˡᵉᵐᵉⁿᵗ and is very good at forming- 00:04:30.429 --> 00:04:30.833 R + 7: 9: 56.25: [He] 2s² 2p² ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: ₁₂.₀₁₁ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁹¹⁵ ᴷ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿᵈᵃⁿᵗ ᵉˡᵉᵐᵉⁿᵗ and is very good at forming- 00:04:30.833 --> 00:04:32.351 R + 7: 9: 56.25: [He] 2s² 2p² ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: ₁₂.₀₁₁ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁹¹⁵ ᴷ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿᵈᵃⁿᵗ ᵉˡᵉᵐᵉⁿᵗ large stable molecules. 00:04:32.351 --> 00:04:32.822 R + 7: 9: 56.25 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: ₁₂.₀₁₁ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁹¹⁵ ᴷ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿᵈᵃⁿᵗ ᵉˡᵉᵐᵉⁿᵗ large stable molecules. 00:04:32.822 --> 00:04:33.510 R + 7: 9: 56.25: C 006 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: ₁₂.₀₁₁ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁹¹⁵ ᴷ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿᵈᵃⁿᵗ ᵉˡᵉᵐᵉⁿᵗ large stable molecules. 00:04:33.510 --> 00:04:34.574 R + 7: 9: 56.25: C 006 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: ₁₂.₀₁₁ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁹¹⁵ ᴷ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿᵈᵃⁿᵗ ᵉˡᵉᵐᵉⁿᵗ 00:04:34.574 --> 00:04:36.759 R + 7: 9: 56.25: Period 2 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: ₁₂.₀₁₁ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁹¹⁵ ᴷ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿᵈᵃⁿᵗ ᵉˡᵉᵐᵉⁿᵗ 00:04:36.759 --> 00:04:37.009 R + 7: 9: 56.25: P-block ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: ₁₂.₀₁₁ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁹¹⁵ ᴷ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿᵈᵃⁿᵗ ᵉˡᵉᵐᵉⁿᵗ 00:04:37.009 --> 00:04:38.638 R + 7: 9: 56.25: P-block ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: ₁₂.₀₁₁ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁹¹⁵ ᴷ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿᵈᵃⁿᵗ ᵉˡᵉᵐᵉⁿᵗ Carbon has the rare ability- 00:04:38.638 --> 00:04:38.888 R + 7: 9: 56.25: P-block ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: ₁₂.₀₁₁ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁹¹⁵ ᴷ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿᵈᵃⁿᵗ ᵉˡᵉᵐᵉⁿᵗ to form four way bounds- 00:04:38.888 --> 00:04:40.354 R + 7: 9: 56.25: Group 14 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: ₁₂.₀₁₁ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁹¹⁵ ᴷ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿᵈᵃⁿᵗ ᵉˡᵉᵐᵉⁿᵗ to form four way bounds- 00:04:40.354 --> 00:04:40.621 R + 7: 9: 56.25: Group 14 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: ₁₂.₀₁₁ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁹¹⁵ ᴷ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿᵈᵃⁿᵗ ᵉˡᵉᵐᵉⁿᵗ with other elements... 00:04:40.621 --> 00:04:41.533 R + 7: 9: 56.25: [He] 2s² 2p² ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: ₁₂.₀₁₁ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁹¹⁵ ᴷ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿᵈᵃⁿᵗ ᵉˡᵉᵐᵉⁿᵗ with other elements... 00:04:41.533 --> 00:04:41.753 R + 7: 9: 56.25: [He] 2s² 2p² ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: ₁₂.₀₁₁ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁹¹⁵ ᴷ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿᵈᵃⁿᵗ ᵉˡᵉᵐᵉⁿᵗ 00:04:41.753 --> 00:04:42.433 R + 7: 9: 56.25: [He] 2s² 2p² ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: ₁₂.₀₁₁ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁹¹⁵ ᴷ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿᵈᵃⁿᵗ ᵉˡᵉᵐᵉⁿᵗ and to bind to itself- 00:04:42.433 --> 00:04:42.914 R + 7: 9: 56.25 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: ₁₂.₀₁₁ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁹¹⁵ ᴷ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿᵈᵃⁿᵗ ᵉˡᵉᵐᵉⁿᵗ and to bind to itself- 00:04:42.914 --> 00:04:42.977 R + 7: 9: 56.25 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: ₁₂.₀₁₁ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁹¹⁵ ᴷ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿᵈᵃⁿᵗ ᵉˡᵉᵐᵉⁿᵗ in long stable chains... 00:04:42.977 --> 00:04:44.546 R + 7: 9: 56.25: C 006 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: ₁₂.₀₁₁ Sᴜʙʟɪᴍᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁹¹⁵ ᴷ Carbon ⁴ᵗʰ ᵐᵒˢᵗ ᵃᵇᵘⁿᵈᵃⁿᵗ ᵉˡᵉᵐᵉⁿᵗ in long stable chains... 00:04:46.164 --> 00:04:47.475 enabling the formation- 00:04:47.525 --> 00:04:51.196 of huge complex molecules. 00:04:56.197 --> 00:04:57.784 This versatility makes- 00:04:57.784 --> 00:04:59.023 carbon the center piece... 00:04:59.093 --> 00:05:01.130 in the moleculary machinery of life. 00:05:03.260 --> 00:05:05.002 And the same carbon compounds, 00:05:05.172 --> 00:05:06.346 that we use have been- 00:05:06.346 --> 00:05:08.507 found far from Earth, 00:05:08.526 --> 00:05:09.918 clinging to meteorites... 00:05:10.848 --> 00:05:10.973 G 00:05:10.973 --> 00:05:11.035 Gl 00:05:11.035 --> 00:05:11.098 Gly_ 00:05:11.098 --> 00:05:11.129 ᵃ Glyc_ 00:05:11.129 --> 00:05:11.161 ᵃᵐ Glyc_ 00:05:11.161 --> 00:05:11.193 ᵃᵐⁱ Glyc_ 00:05:11.193 --> 00:05:11.225 ᵃᵐⁱⁿ Glyc_ 00:05:11.225 --> 00:05:11.257 ᵃᵐⁱⁿᵒ Glyci_ 00:05:11.257 --> 00:05:11.289 ᵃᵐⁱⁿᵒ ᵃ Glyci_ 00:05:11.289 --> 00:05:11.321 ᵃᵐⁱⁿᵒ ᵃᶜ Glycin 00:05:11.321 --> 00:05:11.353 ᵃᵐⁱⁿᵒ ᵃᶜⁱ Glycin 00:05:11.353 --> 00:05:12.148 ᵃᵐⁱⁿᵒ ᵃᶜⁱᵈ Glycine 00:05:12.148 --> 00:05:14.591 ᵃᵐⁱⁿᵒ ᵃᶜⁱᵈ Glycine to floating in far off clouds... 00:05:14.591 --> 00:05:14.653 ᵃᵐⁱⁿᵒ ᵃᶜⁱᵈ Glycine 00:05:14.653 --> 00:05:16.403 ᵃᵐⁱⁿᵒ ᵃᶜⁱᵈ Glycine of cosmic dust. 00:05:16.403 --> 00:05:18.480 ᵃᵐⁱⁿᵒ ᵃᶜⁱᵈ Glycine 00:05:18.480 --> 00:05:19.964 ᵃᵐⁱⁿᵒ ᵃᶜⁱᵈ Glycine The building blocks of life... 00:05:21.180 --> 00:05:22.416 Drifting like snow... 00:05:22.486 --> 00:05:23.936 through the universe. 00:05:29.872 --> 00:05:30.951 And if alien life... 00:05:30.951 --> 00:05:32.490 has selected other- 00:05:32.550 --> 00:05:33.672 carbon compounds... 00:05:33.672 --> 00:05:34.954 for the biochemistry, 00:05:35.633 --> 00:05:37.954 they will have plenty to choose from. 00:05:40.449 --> 00:05:40.699 Z DNA | B DNA 00:05:41.958 --> 00:05:43.820 Scientists recently identified- 00:05:43.820 --> 00:05:45.663 over a million possible- 00:05:45.753 --> 00:05:47.903 alternatives to DNA... 00:05:48.458 --> 00:05:50.769 all carbon based. 00:05:57.678 --> 00:05:58.877 If we ever discover- 00:05:58.877 --> 00:06:00.967 other carbon based life forms, 00:06:01.540 --> 00:06:05.561 we will be fundamentally related. 00:06:07.688 --> 00:06:11.030 They will be our cosmic brother. 00:06:13.216 --> 00:06:15.491 But would they look anything like us? 00:06:19.685 --> 00:06:22.222 If they hail from Earth like planets, 00:06:22.627 --> 00:06:24.172 we could share even more in common, 00:06:24.915 --> 00:06:28.442 than just our biochemistry. 00:06:29.686 --> 00:06:31.119 What would life be like- 00:06:31.155 --> 00:06:32.188 on another planets, 00:06:32.188 --> 00:06:32.961 if it is evolved? 00:06:33.466 --> 00:06:34.321 Would it be like, 00:06:34.651 --> 00:06:37.061 the world today here on Earth? 00:06:37.392 --> 00:06:39.562 Or would be completely different? 00:06:40.409 --> 00:06:41.231 There are those, 00:06:41.231 --> 00:06:42.156 who argue that... 00:06:42.206 --> 00:06:44.220 from the argument of convergent evolution, 00:06:44.713 --> 00:06:46.054 if conditions on other planets- 00:06:46.054 --> 00:06:47.489 are similar to here, 00:06:47.534 --> 00:06:48.365 then we will see- 00:06:48.365 --> 00:06:50.214 very similar life forms... 00:06:54.466 --> 00:06:56.846 Animal and plant-like organisms, 00:06:56.919 --> 00:06:59.777 that look very familiar. 00:07:12.048 --> 00:07:12.768 On Earth, 00:07:12.820 --> 00:07:15.087 certain features like eyesight, 00:07:15.190 --> 00:07:16.788 echo-location and flight... 00:07:16.788 --> 00:07:18.635 have evolved multiple times, 00:07:18.663 --> 00:07:19.595 independently... 00:07:19.595 --> 00:07:21.757 in different species. 00:07:23.648 --> 00:07:26.182 This process of convergent evolution... 00:07:26.290 --> 00:07:28.890 could extend to alien planets like Earth, 00:07:28.890 --> 00:07:30.724 where creatures face similar- 00:07:30.794 --> 00:07:34.712 environmental pressures. 00:07:35.412 --> 00:07:36.949 It's no guarantee, 00:07:37.219 --> 00:07:38.689 but there could be certain- 00:07:38.689 --> 00:07:41.679 universalities of life... 00:07:44.177 --> 00:07:45.972 the greatest hits of evolution... 00:07:45.972 --> 00:07:48.842 on repeat across the universe. 00:07:57.720 --> 00:07:59.451 Each feature would be a tune- 00:07:59.451 --> 00:08:02.234 to its local environment. 00:08:02.808 --> 00:08:04.169 Dimly lit planets... 00:08:04.199 --> 00:08:05.889 would produce huge eyes- 00:08:05.889 --> 00:08:07.639 to suck in extra light, 00:08:07.985 --> 00:08:11.323 like nocturnal mammals. 00:08:14.090 --> 00:08:15.098 Some people have gone- 00:08:15.098 --> 00:08:16.467 so far as to say... 00:08:16.551 --> 00:08:18.496 that human type organism, 00:08:18.506 --> 00:08:19.231 humanoids, 00:08:19.231 --> 00:08:21.584 will occur on other planets. 00:08:25.886 --> 00:08:27.026 The existence of other- 00:08:27.076 --> 00:08:28.551 human-like organisms... 00:08:28.551 --> 00:08:29.821 seems unlikely, 00:08:30.025 --> 00:08:30.804 given the long... 00:08:30.804 --> 00:08:32.662 convoluted chain of events- 00:08:32.722 --> 00:08:33.722 that produced us. 00:08:35.016 --> 00:08:37.378 But we can't rule it out. 00:08:40.707 --> 00:08:41.898 If just one in every- 00:08:41.948 --> 00:08:44.698 100 trillion Earth-like planets produced- 00:08:44.698 --> 00:08:46.371 a human-like form... 00:08:46.424 --> 00:08:47.284 There could still be- 00:08:47.284 --> 00:08:48.300 thousands of creatures- 00:08:48.300 --> 00:08:51.238 like us out there... 00:09:02.415 --> 00:09:07.288 But in reality, we are more likely to find something lower on the food chain. 00:09:10.051 --> 00:09:11.303 Convergent evolution- 00:09:11.327 --> 00:09:13.547 is also rampant in plant life... 00:09:13.877 --> 00:09:15.817 and C₄ photosynthesis- 00:09:15.817 --> 00:09:17.355 has arisen independently, 00:09:17.484 --> 00:09:19.234 over 40 times... 00:09:21.429 --> 00:09:22.607 Would alien plants- 00:09:22.607 --> 00:09:23.577 look like ours... 00:09:23.607 --> 00:09:25.814 or something else entirely? 00:09:36.696 --> 00:09:37.407 On Earth, 00:09:37.567 --> 00:09:38.950 plants appear green... 00:09:38.950 --> 00:09:39.507 because they absorb- 00:09:39.567 --> 00:09:40.867 the other wavelengths, 00:09:40.867 --> 00:09:44.234 in the Sun's light spectrum. 00:09:45.432 --> 00:09:48.937 But stars come in many colors... 00:09:52.429 --> 00:09:53.882 and alien plants would evolve- 00:09:53.882 --> 00:09:54.872 different pigments... 00:09:54.922 --> 00:09:58.612 to adapt to their sun's unique spectrum. 00:10:04.321 --> 00:10:06.301 Plants feeding off hotter stars- 00:10:06.457 --> 00:10:08.147 could appear redder, 00:10:08.184 --> 00:10:09.229 by absorbing their- 00:10:09.229 --> 00:10:11.281 energy rich bluer light 00:10:19.621 --> 00:10:21.709 Around dim Red Dwarfs stars, 00:10:22.110 --> 00:10:24.530 vegetation could appear black, 00:10:24.962 --> 00:10:26.633 adapted to absorb all- 00:10:26.726 --> 00:10:29.152 visible wavelengths of light. 00:10:44.948 --> 00:10:45.816 Earth itself- 00:10:45.908 --> 00:10:47.603 may have once appeared purple, 00:10:47.793 --> 00:10:49.042 due a pigment called retinal, 00:10:49.042 --> 00:10:49.589 ʀᴇᴛɪɴᴀʟ due a pigment called retinal, 00:10:49.589 --> 00:10:49.652 ʀᴇᴛɪɴᴀʟ 00:10:49.652 --> 00:10:50.499 ʀᴇᴛɪɴᴀʟ that was an early- 00:10:50.499 --> 00:10:50.624 ʀᴇᴛɪɴᴀʟ precursor to chlorophyll. 00:10:50.624 --> 00:10:50.749 ʀᴇᴛɪɴᴀʟ | ᴄʜʟᴏʀᴏᴘʜʏʟʟ ᴅ precursor to chlorophyll. 00:10:50.749 --> 00:10:51.869 ʀᴇᴛɪɴᴀʟ | ᴄʜʟᴏʀᴏᴘʜʏʟʟ ᴅ precursor to chlorophyll. 00:10:51.869 --> 00:10:52.549 ʀᴇᴛɪɴᴀʟ | ᴄʜʟᴏʀᴏᴘʜʏʟʟ ᴅ ʀᴇᴛɪɴᴀʟ ᵖʰᵒᵗᵒˢʸⁿᵗʰᵉᵗⁱᶜ ᵖⁱᵍᵐᵉⁿᵗ precursor to chlorophyll. 00:10:52.549 --> 00:10:54.829 ʀᴇᴛɪɴᴀʟ | ᴄʜʟᴏʀᴏᴘʜʏʟʟ ᴅ ʀᴇᴛɪɴᴀʟ ᵖʰᵒᵗᵒˢʸⁿᵗʰᵉᵗⁱᶜ ᵖⁱᵍᵐᵉⁿᵗ 00:10:54.829 --> 00:10:56.157 ʀᴇᴛɪɴᴀʟ | ᴄʜʟᴏʀᴏᴘʜʏʟʟ ᴅ ʀᴇᴛɪɴᴀʟ ᵖʰᵒᵗᵒˢʸⁿᵗʰᵉᵗⁱᶜ ᵖⁱᵍᵐᵉⁿᵗ Some think that retinal's- 00:10:56.157 --> 00:10:57.157 ʀᴇᴛɪɴᴀʟ | ᴄʜʟᴏʀᴏᴘʜʏʟʟ ᴅ ʀᴇᴛɪɴᴀʟ ᵖʰᵒᵗᵒˢʸⁿᵗʰᵉᵗⁱᶜ ᵖⁱᵍᵐᵉⁿᵗ molecular simplicity... 00:10:57.157 --> 00:10:57.647 molecular simplicity... 00:10:58.079 --> 00:10:58.967 could make it a more- 00:10:58.967 --> 00:11:01.207 universal pigment. 00:11:03.680 --> 00:11:04.566 If so, 00:11:04.986 --> 00:11:05.801 we may find- 00:11:05.801 --> 00:11:06.827 that purple... 00:11:07.603 --> 00:11:08.267 is life's- 00:11:08.267 --> 00:11:09.427 favorite color... 00:11:19.717 --> 00:11:21.750 But the color of alien vegetation... 00:11:21.790 --> 00:11:24.197 is more than just a curiosity, 00:11:25.586 --> 00:11:26.985 it's chemical information- 00:11:27.055 --> 00:11:27.925 that could be seen... 00:11:27.925 --> 00:11:29.825 from light years away. 00:11:34.368 --> 00:11:36.485 Earth plants leave a signature bump, 00:11:36.622 --> 00:11:38.842 in the light reflected off our planet. 00:11:40.076 --> 00:11:41.554 Finding a similar signal... 00:11:41.554 --> 00:11:43.465 from another world could point the way... 00:11:43.647 --> 00:11:46.717 to alien vegetation. 00:11:50.376 --> 00:11:50.946 Perhaps- 00:11:50.946 --> 00:11:51.966 this will be our... 00:11:51.985 --> 00:11:54.335 first glimpse at alien life, 00:11:54.865 --> 00:11:56.125 a vibrant hue... 00:11:56.585 --> 00:11:58.907 cast by a distant world. 00:12:12.135 --> 00:12:18.956 But the biggest influence on life won't be its host star; it will be its home planet. 00:12:20.525 --> 00:12:21.217 What happens, 00:12:21.217 --> 00:12:22.465 when you change the day-length... 00:12:22.535 --> 00:12:23.195 of a planet? 00:12:23.375 --> 00:12:23.839 What happens, 00:12:23.839 --> 00:12:24.397 when you change- 00:12:24.447 --> 00:12:25.397 the tilt of a planet? 00:12:25.545 --> 00:12:25.846 What happens, 00:12:25.846 --> 00:12:26.636 when you change- 00:12:26.695 --> 00:12:27.695 the shape of the orbit? 00:12:27.835 --> 00:12:28.335 What happens, 00:12:28.335 --> 00:12:29.175 when you change- 00:12:29.254 --> 00:12:31.288 the gravity of a planet? 00:12:34.488 --> 00:12:35.658 Planets with long, 00:12:35.718 --> 00:12:37.148 elliptical orbits... 00:12:37.148 --> 00:12:40.118 would see drastic seasons. 00:12:41.298 --> 00:12:42.133 There could be worlds... 00:12:42.133 --> 00:12:43.038 did that appear dead- 00:12:43.078 --> 00:12:44.808 for the thousands of years, 00:12:45.458 --> 00:12:46.541 then suddenly... 00:12:46.639 --> 00:12:47.919 spring to life. 00:13:02.473 --> 00:13:03.970 Most of the rocky planets... 00:13:03.970 --> 00:13:04.988 discovered so far- 00:13:05.028 --> 00:13:06.068 have been massive- 00:13:06.068 --> 00:13:08.028 "Super Earths". 00:13:09.238 --> 00:13:09.300 G 00:13:09.300 --> 00:13:09.362 GJ 00:13:09.362 --> 00:13:09.425 GJ 3 00:13:09.425 --> 00:13:09.487 GJ 35 00:13:09.487 --> 00:13:09.550 GJ 357 00:13:09.550 --> 00:13:10.008 GJ 357 D 00:13:10.008 --> 00:13:10.023 GJ 357 D ˢ 00:13:10.023 --> 00:13:10.039 GJ 357 D ˢᵘ 00:13:10.039 --> 00:13:10.054 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖ 00:13:10.054 --> 00:13:10.070 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉ 00:13:10.070 --> 00:13:10.085 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ 00:13:10.085 --> 00:13:10.101 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉ 00:13:10.101 --> 00:13:10.117 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃ 00:13:10.117 --> 00:13:10.133 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳ 00:13:10.133 --> 00:13:10.148 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗ 00:13:10.148 --> 00:13:10.164 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ 00:13:10.164 --> 00:13:10.179 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈ 00:13:10.179 --> 00:13:10.195 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱ 00:13:10.195 --> 00:13:10.210 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢ 00:13:10.210 --> 00:13:10.226 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗ 00:13:10.226 --> 00:13:10.242 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃ 00:13:10.242 --> 00:13:10.258 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿ 00:13:10.258 --> 00:13:10.273 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜ 00:13:10.273 --> 00:13:10.289 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ 00:13:10.289 --> 00:13:10.304 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ 00:13:10.304 --> 00:13:10.320 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜ 00:13:10.320 --> 00:13:10.335 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³ 00:13:10.335 --> 00:13:10.351 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ 00:13:10.351 --> 00:13:10.383 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡ 00:13:10.383 --> 00:13:10.390 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱ 00:13:10.390 --> 00:13:10.398 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍ 00:13:10.398 --> 00:13:10.406 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰ 00:13:10.406 --> 00:13:10.414 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ 00:13:10.414 --> 00:13:10.421 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸ 00:13:10.421 --> 00:13:10.429 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉ 00:13:10.429 --> 00:13:10.437 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃ 00:13:10.437 --> 00:13:10.445 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳ 00:13:10.445 --> 00:13:10.452 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ 00:13:10.452 --> 00:13:10.460 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐ 00:13:10.460 --> 00:13:10.468 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃ 00:13:10.468 --> 00:13:10.476 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢ 00:13:10.476 --> 00:13:10.484 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ 00:13:10.484 --> 00:13:10.492 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ 00:13:10.492 --> 00:13:10.500 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜ 00:13:10.500 --> 00:13:10.508 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ 00:13:10.508 --> 00:13:10.515 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ˣ 00:13:10.515 --> 00:13:10.523 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ˣ ᴱ 00:13:10.523 --> 00:13:10.531 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ˣ ᴱᵃ 00:13:10.531 --> 00:13:10.539 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ˣ ᴱᵃʳ 00:13:10.539 --> 00:13:10.546 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ˣ ᴱᵃʳᵗ 00:13:10.546 --> 00:13:10.554 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ˣ ᴱᵃʳᵗʰ 00:13:10.554 --> 00:13:10.558 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ˣ ᴱᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗ 00:13:10.558 --> 00:13:10.562 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ˣ ᴱᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗ 00:13:10.562 --> 00:13:10.570 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ˣ ᴱᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉ 00:13:10.570 --> 00:13:10.577 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ˣ ᴱᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐ 00:13:10.577 --> 00:13:10.585 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ˣ ᴱᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖ 00:13:10.585 --> 00:13:10.589 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ˣ ᴱᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉ 00:13:10.589 --> 00:13:10.593 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ˣ ᴱᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉ 00:13:10.593 --> 00:13:10.601 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ˣ ᴱᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳ 00:13:10.601 --> 00:13:10.605 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ˣ ᴱᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃ 00:13:10.605 --> 00:13:10.609 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ˣ ᴱᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃ 00:13:10.609 --> 00:13:10.617 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ˣ ᴱᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗ 00:13:10.617 --> 00:13:10.625 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ˣ ᴱᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘ 00:13:10.625 --> 00:13:10.633 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ˣ ᴱᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳ 00:13:10.633 --> 00:13:10.640 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ˣ ᴱᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ 00:13:10.640 --> 00:13:10.648 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ˣ ᴱᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ 00:13:10.648 --> 00:13:10.656 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ˣ ᴱᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ˜ 00:13:10.656 --> 00:13:10.664 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ˣ ᴱᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ˜⁻ 00:13:10.664 --> 00:13:10.671 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ˣ ᴱᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ˜⁻⁵ 00:13:10.671 --> 00:13:10.679 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ˣ ᴱᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ˜⁻⁵³ 00:13:10.679 --> 00:13:10.687 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ˣ ᴱᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ˜⁻⁵³` 00:13:10.687 --> 00:13:12.577 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ˣ ᴱᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ˜⁻⁵³`ᶜ 00:13:12.577 --> 00:13:13.727 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ˣ ᴱᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ˜⁻⁵³`ᶜ How would life evolve... 00:13:13.727 --> 00:13:15.788 GJ 357 D ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ˣ ᴱᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ˜⁻⁵³`ᶜ on these worlds? 00:13:15.788 --> 00:13:15.803 GJ 357 ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ˣ ᴱᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ˜ ⁻⁵³`ᶜ on these worlds? 00:13:15.803 --> 00:13:15.819 GJ 357 ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ˣ ᴱᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ˜⁻⁵³`ᶜ on these worlds? 00:13:15.819 --> 00:13:15.834 GJ 357 ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ˣ ᴱᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ˜⁻⁵³`ᶜ on these worlds? 00:13:15.834 --> 00:13:15.850 GJ 35 ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ˣ ᴱᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ˜⁻⁵³`ᶜ on these worlds? 00:13:15.850 --> 00:13:15.865 GJ 35 ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ˣ ᴱᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ˜⁻⁵³`ᶜ on these worlds 00:13:15.865 --> 00:13:15.881 GJ 35 ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ˣ ᴱᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ: ˜⁻⁵³`ᶜ on these worlds? 00:13:15.881 --> 00:13:15.897 GJ 3 ˢᵘᵖᵉ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ˣ ᴱᵃʳᵗ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ˜⁻⁵³`ᶜ on these worlds? 00:13:15.897 --> 00:13:15.913 GJ 3 ˢᵘᵖ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ˣ ᴱᵃʳ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ˜⁻⁵³`ᶜ on these worlds? 00:13:15.913 --> 00:13:15.928 GJ 3 ˢᵘ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍʰ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷× ᴱᵃ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ˜⁻⁵³`ᶜ on these worlds? 00:13:15.928 --> 00:13:15.944 GJ ˢ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱᵍ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ˣ ᴱ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ˜⁻⁵³` on these worlds? 00:13:15.944 --> 00:13:15.959 GJ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡⁱ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ˣ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ˜⁻⁵³ on these worlds? 00:13:15.959 --> 00:13:15.975 G ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ˡ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁷ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ˜⁻⁵ on these worlds? 00:13:15.975 --> 00:13:15.990 G ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³¹ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ˜⁻ on these worlds? 00:13:15.990 --> 00:13:16.006 G ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜³ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ˜ on these worlds? 00:13:16.006 --> 00:13:16.022 ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜ ᵐᵃˢˢ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ on these worlds? 00:13:16.022 --> 00:13:16.038 ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ᵐᵃˢ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ on these worlds? 00:13:16.038 --> 00:13:16.053 ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ ᵐᵃ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳ on these worlds? 00:13:16.053 --> 00:13:16.069 ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜ ᵐ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘ on these worlds? 00:13:16.069 --> 00:13:16.084 ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗ 00:13:16.084 --> 00:13:16.100 ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃ 00:13:16.100 --> 00:13:16.115 ᵈⁱˢᵗ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳ 00:13:16.115 --> 00:13:16.131 ᵈⁱˢ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉ 00:13:16.131 --> 00:13:16.147 ᵈⁱ ᵗᵉᵐᵖ 00:13:16.147 --> 00:13:16.163 ᵈ ᵗᵉᵐ 00:13:16.163 --> 00:13:16.178 ᵗᵉ 00:13:16.178 --> 00:13:16.194 ᵗ NOTE Paragraph 00:13:18.580 --> 00:13:19.436 In the seas, 00:13:19.657 --> 00:13:20.843 gravity may not matter- 00:13:20.843 --> 00:13:22.173 much at all. 00:13:29.600 --> 00:13:30.670 A high-gravity planet... 00:13:30.700 --> 00:13:32.192 isn't high-gravity all over, 00:13:33.580 --> 00:13:34.450 If you're in the sea, 00:13:34.450 --> 00:13:35.832 and that's where all life starts... 00:13:36.257 --> 00:13:37.660 there's very nearly no gravity, 00:13:37.660 --> 00:13:38.882 'cuz you're much the density- 00:13:38.937 --> 00:13:42.582 as the stuff around you. 00:13:43.310 --> 00:13:44.398 It's when the animals- 00:13:44.448 --> 00:13:45.448 come out on land, 00:13:45.607 --> 00:13:47.942 that they feel the gravity. 00:13:51.548 --> 00:13:52.808 High g-force... 00:13:52.848 --> 00:13:53.628 would necessitate- 00:13:53.628 --> 00:13:55.516 large bones and muscle mass, 00:13:55.573 --> 00:13:58.743 in complex life on land... 00:13:59.748 --> 00:14:00.808 They would also demand- 00:14:00.836 --> 00:14:03.579 a more robust circulatory system. 00:14:04.683 --> 00:14:06.387 And plant life could be stunted... 00:14:06.470 --> 00:14:09.039 by the energy cost of carrying nutrients- 00:14:09.039 --> 00:14:12.943 under stronger gravity. 00:14:17.318 --> 00:14:18.536 Low-gravity planets... 00:14:18.587 --> 00:14:19.448 would more easily- 00:14:19.448 --> 00:14:21.708 lose their atmospheres to space, 00:14:21.838 --> 00:14:23.286 and lack a magnetic field- 00:14:23.286 --> 00:14:25.443 to protect from cosmic rays. 00:14:35.821 --> 00:14:36.905 But smaller worlds- 00:14:36.965 --> 00:14:39.404 could be home to secret oases... 00:14:46.161 --> 00:14:47.395 Huge cave systems... 00:14:47.599 --> 00:14:50.664 that provide hide-outs for life. 00:15:02.421 --> 00:15:11.094 With steadier temperatures and protection from cosmic rays, life could thrive underground on planets with deadly surfaces. 00:15:26.691 --> 00:15:28.214 The smallest possible- 00:15:28.214 --> 00:15:29.293 habitable planets... 00:15:29.353 --> 00:15:31.817 are estimated at 2.5%- 00:15:31.897 --> 00:15:34.512 Earth's mass. 00:15:35.042 --> 00:15:38.475 If surface life does evolve on these worlds, 00:15:38.762 --> 00:15:40.786 it could be a sight to behold. 00:15:44.584 --> 00:15:47.064 Plant life could grow to towering heights, 00:15:47.484 --> 00:15:49.221 able to carry nutrients higher, 00:15:49.221 --> 00:15:51.246 at lesser gravity. 00:15:59.094 --> 00:16:00.280 And without the need... 00:16:00.280 --> 00:16:01.254 for bulky skeletons- 00:16:01.379 --> 00:16:02.379 and muscle mass, 00:16:02.754 --> 00:16:04.341 animals could have body types, 00:16:04.421 --> 00:16:06.591 that boggle the mind. 00:16:22.228 --> 00:16:28.229 Despite our eager imaginations, large complex lifeforms are probably a cosmic rarity. 00:16:31.341 --> 00:16:32.310 Here on Earth, 00:16:32.310 --> 00:16:34.170 it took three billion years- 00:16:34.245 --> 00:16:34.835 for evolution... 00:16:34.835 --> 00:16:37.404 to produce complex plant and animal life. 00:16:39.663 --> 00:16:41.557 Simple organisms are hardier, 00:16:41.654 --> 00:16:42.654 more adaptable... 00:16:42.716 --> 00:16:45.971 and more widespread. 00:16:48.283 --> 00:16:49.655 The largest collection- 00:16:49.705 --> 00:16:50.387 in the museum- 00:16:50.387 --> 00:16:51.390 of alien life... 00:16:51.440 --> 00:16:52.352 would likely be... 00:16:52.352 --> 00:16:54.694 the "Hall of Microbes". 00:17:10.116 --> 00:17:10.940 Yet finding even- 00:17:10.940 --> 00:17:12.963 the tiniest alien microbe... 00:17:13.010 --> 00:17:16.155 would be a profound discovery. 00:17:30.455 --> 00:17:31.849 And bite-sized life... 00:17:31.849 --> 00:17:34.522 could leave a big footprint. 00:17:35.762 --> 00:17:37.147 Like stromatolites on Earth, 00:17:37.327 --> 00:17:38.682 layers of microbes... 00:17:38.682 --> 00:17:39.449 could build up into- 00:17:39.497 --> 00:17:41.370 huge rock mounds over time. 00:17:41.542 --> 00:17:44.112 Leaving behind eery structures. 00:17:48.670 --> 00:17:50.343 And in big enough numbers, 00:17:50.412 --> 00:17:51.907 some alien bacteria... 00:17:51.907 --> 00:17:54.046 could leave a distinct biosignature, 00:17:55.874 --> 00:17:57.067 by exhaling gases- 00:17:57.067 --> 00:17:59.232 that wouldn't coexist naturally... 00:17:59.293 --> 00:18:00.455 Like oxygen... 00:18:00.476 --> 00:18:02.656 and methane. 00:18:07.166 --> 00:18:07.596 There's ways- 00:18:07.596 --> 00:18:08.906 to make oxygen without life. 00:18:08.946 --> 00:18:09.226 There's ways- 00:18:09.226 --> 00:18:09.706 to make- 00:18:09.706 --> 00:18:10.736 methane without life. 00:18:10.937 --> 00:18:11.423 But to have them- 00:18:11.423 --> 00:18:12.843 in the atmosphere together? 00:18:12.939 --> 00:18:14.068 Is almost impossible... 00:18:14.068 --> 00:18:15.037 unless you've got biology- 00:18:15.077 --> 00:18:15.737 making those gases- 00:18:15.737 --> 00:18:16.433 at the surface. 00:18:17.443 --> 00:18:18.248 And it would have, 00:18:18.248 --> 00:18:19.777 a imprint on the planet's- 00:18:19.777 --> 00:18:20.777 spectrum of colors. 00:18:22.695 --> 00:18:24.694 Next generation space telescopes- 00:18:24.754 --> 00:18:27.572 could find a signal like this, 00:18:28.424 --> 00:18:31.661 on a world not far from home. 00:18:32.164 --> 00:18:33.884 The closest Sun-like star- 00:18:33.941 --> 00:18:36.141 with an Earth-like exoplanet, 00:18:36.141 --> 00:18:37.667 in the habitable zone... 00:18:37.757 --> 00:18:38.801 is probably only- 00:18:38.801 --> 00:18:40.371 20 light years away... 00:18:40.419 --> 00:18:41.269 and can be seen... 00:18:41.419 --> 00:18:42.435 with a naked eye. 00:18:46.205 --> 00:18:51.880 But there may be an even easier target to aim for than tiny Earth-like planets. 00:18:54.836 --> 00:19:01.749 The brown dwarfs: too small to be stars, to big to be planets. 00:19:06.209 --> 00:19:07.368 Most Brown Dwarfs... 00:19:07.428 --> 00:19:09.118 are too hot to support life- 00:19:09.118 --> 00:19:10.358 as we know it. 00:19:10.986 --> 00:19:12.777 But some are just cold enough. 00:19:14.018 --> 00:19:14.049 W 00:19:14.049 --> 00:19:14.080 WI 00:19:14.080 --> 00:19:14.111 WIS 00:19:14.111 --> 00:19:14.143 WISE 00:19:14.143 --> 00:19:14.174 WISE 0 00:19:14.174 --> 00:19:14.205 WISE 08 00:19:14.205 --> 00:19:14.236 WISE 085 00:19:14.236 --> 00:19:14.268 WISE 0855 00:19:14.268 --> 00:19:14.299 WISE 0855- 00:19:14.299 --> 00:19:14.330 WISE 0855-0 00:19:14.330 --> 00:19:14.361 WISE 0855-07 00:19:14.361 --> 00:19:14.393 WISE 0855-071 00:19:14.393 --> 00:19:14.485 WISE 0855-0714 00:19:14.485 --> 00:19:14.495 WISE 0855-0714 ˢ 00:19:14.495 --> 00:19:14.505 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘ 00:19:14.505 --> 00:19:14.516 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ 00:19:14.516 --> 00:19:14.526 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ 00:19:14.526 --> 00:19:14.536 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇ 00:19:14.536 --> 00:19:14.546 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳ 00:19:14.546 --> 00:19:14.557 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒ 00:19:14.557 --> 00:19:14.567 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷ 00:19:14.567 --> 00:19:14.577 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ 00:19:14.577 --> 00:19:14.587 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈ 00:19:14.587 --> 00:19:14.598 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷ 00:19:14.598 --> 00:19:14.608 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃ 00:19:14.608 --> 00:19:14.618 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳ 00:19:14.618 --> 00:19:14.628 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ 00:19:14.628 --> 00:19:14.639 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈ 00:19:14.639 --> 00:19:14.649 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱ 00:19:14.649 --> 00:19:14.659 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢ 00:19:14.659 --> 00:19:14.669 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗ 00:19:14.669 --> 00:19:14.680 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃ 00:19:14.680 --> 00:19:14.690 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿ 00:19:14.690 --> 00:19:14.701 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜ 00:19:14.701 --> 00:19:14.711 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ 00:19:14.711 --> 00:19:14.722 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ 00:19:14.722 --> 00:19:14.737 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ 00:19:14.737 --> 00:19:14.753 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱ 00:19:14.753 --> 00:19:14.768 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍ 00:19:14.768 --> 00:19:14.784 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰ 00:19:14.784 --> 00:19:14.799 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ 00:19:14.799 --> 00:19:14.815 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸ 00:19:14.815 --> 00:19:14.831 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉ 00:19:14.831 --> 00:19:14.847 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃ 00:19:14.847 --> 00:19:14.862 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳ 00:19:14.862 --> 00:19:14.878 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ 00:19:14.878 --> 00:19:14.893 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐ 00:19:14.893 --> 00:19:14.909 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃ 00:19:14.909 --> 00:19:14.924 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢ 00:19:14.924 --> 00:19:14.940 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ 00:19:14.940 --> 00:19:14.956 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ 00:19:14.956 --> 00:19:14.972 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³ 00:19:14.972 --> 00:19:14.984 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³- 00:19:14.984 --> 00:19:14.997 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹ 00:19:14.997 --> 00:19:15.010 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ 00:19:15.010 --> 00:19:15.023 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ 00:19:15.023 --> 00:19:15.035 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲ 00:19:15.035 --> 00:19:15.048 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘ 00:19:15.048 --> 00:19:15.061 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖ 00:19:15.061 --> 00:19:15.074 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖⁱ 00:19:15.074 --> 00:19:15.086 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖⁱᵗ 00:19:15.086 --> 00:19:15.099 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖⁱᵗᵉ 00:19:15.099 --> 00:19:15.112 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖⁱᵗᵉʳ 00:19:15.112 --> 00:19:15.125 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖⁱᵗᵉʳ ᵗ 00:19:15.125 --> 00:19:15.137 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖⁱᵗᵉʳ ᵗᵉ 00:19:15.137 --> 00:19:15.150 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖⁱᵗᵉʳ ᵗᵉᵐ 00:19:15.150 --> 00:19:15.163 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖⁱᵗᵉʳ ᵗᵉᵐᵖ 00:19:15.163 --> 00:19:15.176 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖⁱᵗᵉʳ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉ 00:19:15.176 --> 00:19:15.188 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖⁱᵗᵉʳ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳ 00:19:15.188 --> 00:19:15.201 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖⁱᵗᵉʳ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃ 00:19:15.201 --> 00:19:15.214 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖⁱᵗᵉʳ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗ 00:19:15.214 --> 00:19:15.227 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖⁱᵗᵉʳ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘ 00:19:15.227 --> 00:19:15.239 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖⁱᵗᵉʳ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳ 00:19:15.239 --> 00:19:15.252 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖⁱᵗᵉʳ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ 00:19:15.252 --> 00:19:15.265 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖⁱᵗᵉʳ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ 00:19:15.265 --> 00:19:15.278 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖⁱᵗᵉʳ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻ 00:19:15.278 --> 00:19:15.290 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖⁱᵗᵉʳ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻⁵ 00:19:15.290 --> 00:19:15.303 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖⁱᵗᵉʳ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻⁵⁰ 00:19:15.303 --> 00:19:15.316 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖⁱᵗᵉʳ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻⁵⁰ ⁻ 00:19:15.316 --> 00:19:15.329 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖⁱᵗᵉʳ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻⁵⁰ ⁻ ⁻ 00:19:15.329 --> 00:19:15.341 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖⁱᵗᵉʳ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻⁵⁰ ⁻ ⁻¹ 00:19:15.341 --> 00:19:15.354 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖⁱᵗᵉʳ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻⁵⁰ ⁻ ⁻¹³ 00:19:15.354 --> 00:19:21.948 WISE 0855-0714 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖⁱᵗᵉʳ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻⁵⁰ ⁻ ⁻¹³`ᶜ 00:19:21.948 --> 00:19:21.987 WISE 0855-071 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖⁱᵗᵉʳ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻⁵⁰ ⁻ ⁻¹³`ᶜ 00:19:21.987 --> 00:19:22.000 WISE 0855-07 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖⁱᵗᵉʳ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻⁵⁰ ⁻ ⁻¹³`ᶜ 00:19:22.000 --> 00:19:22.062 WISE 0855-0 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖⁱᵗᵉʳ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻⁵⁰ ⁻ ⁻¹³`ᶜ 00:19:22.062 --> 00:19:22.124 WISE 0855- ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖⁱᵗᵉʳ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻⁵⁰ ⁻ ⁻¹³`ᶜ 00:19:22.124 --> 00:19:22.187 WISE 0855 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖⁱᵗᵉʳ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻⁵⁰ ⁻ ⁻¹³`ᶜ 00:19:22.187 --> 00:19:22.250 WISE 085 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖⁱᵗᵉʳ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻⁵⁰ ⁻ ⁻¹³`ᶜ 00:19:22.250 --> 00:19:22.262 WISE 085 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖⁱᵗᵉʳ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻⁵⁰ ⁻ ⁻¹³` 00:19:22.262 --> 00:19:22.275 WISE 085 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖⁱᵗᵉʳ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻⁵⁰ ⁻ ⁻¹³ 00:19:22.275 --> 00:19:22.287 WISE 085 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖⁱᵗᵉʳ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻⁵⁰ ⁻ ⁻¹ 00:19:22.287 --> 00:19:22.300 WISE 085 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖⁱᵗᵉʳ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻⁵⁰ ⁻ ⁻ 00:19:22.300 --> 00:19:22.312 WISE 085 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖⁱᵗᵉʳ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻⁵⁰ ⁻ 00:19:22.312 --> 00:19:22.325 WISE 085 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖⁱᵗᵉ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻⁵⁰ ⁻ 00:19:22.325 --> 00:19:22.337 WISE 085 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖⁱᵗ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻⁵⁰ 00:19:22.337 --> 00:19:22.349 WISE 08 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖⁱ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻⁵ 00:19:22.349 --> 00:19:22.361 WISE 08 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘᵖ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻ 00:19:22.361 --> 00:19:22.373 WISE 08 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲᵘ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ 00:19:22.373 --> 00:19:22.385 WISE 08 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ʲ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ 00:19:22.385 --> 00:19:22.397 WISE 08 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ˣ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳ 00:19:22.397 --> 00:19:22.409 WISE 0 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹⁰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘ 00:19:22.409 --> 00:19:22.422 WISE 0 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳᶠ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍʰ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻¹ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗ 00:19:22.422 --> 00:19:22.434 WISE 0 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱᵍ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³⁻ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃ 00:19:22.434 --> 00:19:22.446 WISE 0 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷᵃ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡⁱ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ³ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳ 00:19:22.446 --> 00:19:22.458 WISE 0 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈʷ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ˡ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉ 00:19:22.458 --> 00:19:22.471 WISE 0 ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ⁷ ᵐᵃˢˢ ᵗᵉᵐᵖ 00:19:22.471 --> 00:19:22.483 WISE ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ᵐᵃˢ ᵗᵉᵐ 00:19:22.483 --> 00:19:22.495 WISE ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒʷ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ ᵐᵃ ᵗᵉ 00:19:22.495 --> 00:19:22.507 WIS ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳᵒ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜ ᵐ ᵗ 00:19:22.507 --> 00:19:22.520 WIS ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿ ᵐ 00:19:22.520 --> 00:19:22.532 WIS ˢᵘᵇ⁻ᵇ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃ 00:19:22.532 --> 00:19:22.544 WIS ˢᵘᵇ⁻ ᵈⁱˢᵗ 00:19:22.544 --> 00:19:22.556 WIS ˢᵘᵇ ᵈⁱˢ 00:19:22.556 --> 00:19:22.568 WI ˢᵘ ᵈⁱ 00:19:22.568 --> 00:19:22.580 WI ˢ ᵈ 00:19:22.580 --> 00:19:22.592 WI ˢ 00:19:22.592 --> 00:19:22.604 WI 00:19:22.604 --> 00:19:22.617 W 00:19:24.309 --> 00:19:26.205 All the prime elements for life... 00:19:26.235 --> 00:19:26.945 have been detected- 00:19:26.945 --> 00:19:28.705 inside their atmospheres. 00:19:31.458 --> 00:19:32.755 And within these clouds, 00:19:32.755 --> 00:19:33.795 some layers- 00:19:33.825 --> 00:19:35.615 would provide ideal temperatures- 00:19:35.615 --> 00:19:39.966 and pressures for habitability. 00:19:45.926 --> 00:19:47.435 There could be photosynthetic- 00:19:47.435 --> 00:19:49.175 plankton in these skies, 00:19:49.992 --> 00:19:53.653 kept aloft by churning upwinds. 00:19:57.473 --> 00:19:58.606 And within enough force, 00:19:58.676 --> 00:20:01.066 these upwinds could even support larger... 00:20:01.186 --> 00:20:04.042 more complex life. 00:20:06.011 --> 00:20:08.362 Predators... 00:20:15.575 --> 00:20:23.680 There are over 25 billion brown dwarfs in our galaxy alone, and their sizes will make them easier targets for study. 00:20:26.936 --> 00:20:35.098 The first specimen we discover from the museum of life may not be from a planet at all. 00:20:43.972 --> 00:20:47.196 This raises a crucial question... 00:20:47.650 --> 00:20:48.063 what if we've- 00:20:48.063 --> 00:20:48.832 been looking in... 00:20:48.895 --> 00:20:51.235 all the wrong places? 00:20:52.288 --> 00:20:53.291 What if nature... 00:20:53.433 --> 00:20:56.716 has other ideas? 00:20:58.852 --> 00:21:01.173 EXHIBIT II 00:21:01.173 --> 00:21:03.494 EXHIBIT II Life As We Know Don't It 00:21:03.494 --> 00:21:07.902 EXHIBIT II Life As We Know Don't It ᴱˣᵒᵗⁱᶜ ᴮⁱᵒᶜʰᵉᵐⁱˢᵗʳⁱᵉˢ 00:21:20.932 --> 00:21:22.263 Most of the Universe... 00:21:22.263 --> 00:21:24.327 is too cold or too hot- 00:21:24.367 --> 00:21:25.287 for liquid water, 00:21:25.327 --> 00:21:26.461 and the biochemistry- 00:21:26.461 --> 00:21:27.417 that supports life... 00:21:27.457 --> 00:21:28.856 as we know it. 00:21:31.304 --> 00:21:34.354 But in case our biases are misleading, 00:21:34.520 --> 00:21:37.946 we have to cast a wide net. 00:21:38.708 --> 00:21:39.751 To search for life- 00:21:39.751 --> 00:21:41.991 outside the habitable zone, 00:21:42.131 --> 00:21:43.142 in places that seem- 00:21:43.172 --> 00:21:47.116 wildly hostile to us. 00:21:49.416 --> 00:21:50.755 Exotic environments... 00:21:50.805 --> 00:21:53.076 will demand exotic biochemistries. 00:21:53.406 --> 00:21:54.717 And while no element- 00:21:54.747 --> 00:21:56.733 can match carbon's versatility, 00:21:56.895 --> 00:21:58.738 one contender is a front runner. 00:22:00.235 --> 00:22:00.485 Silicon 00:22:00.485 --> 00:22:00.509 Silicon 00:22:00.509 --> 00:22:00.533 M Silicon ᴰ 00:22:00.533 --> 00:22:00.557 M Silicon ᴰ 00:22:00.557 --> 00:22:00.581 Mᴇ Silicon ᴰ 00:22:00.581 --> 00:22:00.605 Mᴇʟ_ Silicon ᴰ 00:22:00.605 --> 00:22:00.629 Mᴇʟᴛ_ Silicon ᴰᵉ 00:22:00.629 --> 00:22:00.653 Mᴇʟᴛɪ_ Silicon ᴰᵉ 00:22:00.653 --> 00:22:00.678 Mᴇʟᴛɪɴ_ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿ 00:22:00.678 --> 00:22:00.702 Mᴇʟᴛɪɴ_ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿ 00:22:00.702 --> 00:22:00.726 Mᴇʟᴛɪɴ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿ 00:22:00.726 --> 00:22:00.750 R_ ᴀ_ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ_ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢ 00:22:00.750 --> 00:22:00.775 R_ ᴀ_ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ_ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢ 00:22:00.775 --> 00:22:00.799 R_ ᴀᴛ_ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘ_ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢ 00:22:00.799 --> 00:22:00.823 R_ ᴀᴛ_ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏ_ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱ 00:22:00.823 --> 00:22:00.847 R ᴀᴛ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢᴘᴏ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱ 00:22:00.847 --> 00:22:00.872 R ᴀᴛᴏ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗ 00:22:00.872 --> 00:22:00.896 R_ ᴀᴛᴏ_ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴ_ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗ 00:22:00.896 --> 00:22:00.920 R_ ᴀᴛᴏ_ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ_ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗ 00:22:00.920 --> 00:22:00.944 R +_ ᴀᴛᴏᴍ_ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ:_ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ 00:22:00.944 --> 00:22:00.968 R + ᴀᴛᴏᴍ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ 00:22:00.968 --> 00:22:00.992 R + ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ 00:22:00.992 --> 00:22:01.016 R + ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ 00:22:01.016 --> 00:22:01.040 R +_ ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪ_ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ 00:22:01.040 --> 00:22:01.065 R +_ ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪ_ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ 00:22:01.065 --> 00:22:01.089 R +_ ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪ_ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ 00:22:01.089 --> 00:22:01.113 R + ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ 00:22:01.113 --> 00:22:01.137 R + ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ 00:22:01.137 --> 00:22:01.162 R + ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ² 00:22:01.162 --> 00:22:01.186 R + 7_ ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ_ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ² 00:22:01.186 --> 00:22:01.210 R + 7_ ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡ_ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ² 00:22:01.210 --> 00:22:01.234 R + 7_ ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡ_ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢᶦⁱᵗʸ᠄ 00:22:01.234 --> 00:22:01.259 R + 7: ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙ 00:22:01.259 --> 00:22:01.283 R + 7: ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙ 00:22:01.283 --> 00:22:01.307 R + 7: ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙ 00:22:01.307 --> 00:22:01.331 R + 7:_ ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇ_ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ B_ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³ 00:22:01.331 --> 00:22:01.355 R + 7:_ ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇ_ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ B_ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³ 00:22:01.355 --> 00:22:01.379 R + 7:_ Si 014 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪ_ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏ_ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³² 00:22:01.379 --> 00:22:01.403 R + 7: Si 014 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹ 00:22:01.403 --> 00:22:01.427 R + 7: Si 014 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹ 00:22:01.427 --> 00:22:01.452 R + 7: Si 014 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹ 00:22:01.452 --> 00:22:01.476 R + 7:_ Si 014 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢ_ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟ_ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹ 00:22:01.476 --> 00:22:01.500 R + 7:_ Si 014 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜ_ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪ_ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ 00:22:01.500 --> 00:22:01.524 R + 7:_ Si 014 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜ_ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴ_ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ 00:22:01.524 --> 00:22:01.549 R + 7: 9 Si 014 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ 00:22:01.549 --> 00:22:01.573 R + 7: 9 Si 014 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ 00:22:01.573 --> 00:22:01.597 R + 7: 9 Si 014 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: 28.086 Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ 00:22:01.597 --> 00:22:01.621 R + 7: 9:_ Si 014 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ_ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏ_ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ 00:22:01.621 --> 00:22:01.646 R + 7: 9:_ Si 014 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ_ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏ_ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ 00:22:01.646 --> 00:22:01.670 R + 7: 9:_ Si 014 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ:_ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪ_ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ 00:22:01.670 --> 00:22:01.694 R + 7: 9: Si 014 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ∕ 00:22:01.694 --> 00:22:01.718 R + 7: 9: Si 014 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ∕ 00:22:01.718 --> 00:22:01.742 R + 7: 9: Si 014 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ∕ᶜ 00:22:01.742 --> 00:22:01.766 R + 7: 9:_ Si 014 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ:_ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ:_ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ∕ᶜ 00:22:01.766 --> 00:22:01.790 R + 7: 9:_ Si 014 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: 2_ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ:_ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ∕ᶜ 00:22:01.790 --> 00:22:01.814 R + 7: 9:_ Si 014 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: 2_ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ:_ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ∕ᶜ 00:22:01.814 --> 00:22:01.826 R + 7: 9: 5 Si 014 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: 2 Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ∕ᶜᵐ 00:22:01.826 --> 00:22:01.839 R + 7: 9: 56 Si 014 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: 28 Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁵ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ∕ᶜᵐ³ 00:22:01.839 --> 00:22:01.863 R + 7: 9: 56 Si 014 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: 28 Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁵ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ∕ᶜᵐ³ 00:22:01.863 --> 00:22:01.887 R + 7: 9: 56_ Si 014 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: 28._ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁵ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ∕ᶜᵐ³ 00:22:01.887 --> 00:22:01.911 R + 7: 9: 56._ Si 014 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: 28._ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁵³ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ∕ᶜᵐ³ 00:22:01.911 --> 00:22:01.936 R + 7: 9: 56._ Si 014 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: 28.0_ Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁵³ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ∕ᶜᵐ³ 00:22:01.936 --> 00:22:01.960 R + 7: 9: 56.2 Si 014 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: 28.0 Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁵³⁸ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ∕ᶜᵐ³ 00:22:01.960 --> 00:22:01.984 R + 7: 9: 56.2 Si 014 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: 28.08 Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁵³⁸ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ∕ᶜᵐ³ 00:22:01.984 --> 00:22:02.008 R + 7: 9: 56.25 Si 014 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: 28.08 Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁵³⁸ ᴷ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ∕ᶜᵐ³ 00:22:02.008 --> 00:22:02.033 R + 7: 9: 56.25_ Si 014 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: 28.086 Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁵³⁸ ᴷ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ∕ᶜᵐ³ 00:22:02.033 --> 00:22:02.871 R + 7: 9: 56.25: Si 014 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: 28.086 Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁵³⁸ ᴷ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ∕ᶜᵐ³ 00:22:02.871 --> 00:22:04.978 R + 7: 9: 56.25: Period 3 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: 28.086 Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁵³⁸ ᴷ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ∕ᶜᵐ³ 00:22:04.978 --> 00:22:07.283 R + 7: 9: 56.25: P-block ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: 28.086 Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁵³⁸ ᴷ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ∕ᶜᵐ³ 00:22:07.283 --> 00:22:07.408 R + 7: 9: 56.25: Metalloid ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: 28.086 Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁵³⁸ ᴷ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ∕ᶜᵐ³ 00:22:07.408 --> 00:22:08.486 R + 7: 9: 56.25: Metalloid ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: 28.086 Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁵³⁸ ᴷ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ∕ᶜᵐ³ At first glance... 00:22:08.486 --> 00:22:08.904 R + 7: 9: 56.25: Metalloid ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: 28.086 Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁵³⁸ ᴷ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ∕ᶜᵐ³ silicon seem similar to carbon. 00:22:08.904 --> 00:22:10.736 R + 7: 9: 56.25: 3.9936 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: 28.086 Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁵³⁸ ᴷ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ∕ᶜᵐ³ silicon seem similar to carbon. 00:22:10.736 --> 00:22:10.934 R + 7: 9: 56.25: 3.9936 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: 28.086 Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁵³⁸ ᴷ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ∕ᶜᵐ³ 00:22:10.934 --> 00:22:11.494 R + 7: 9: 56.25: ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: 28.086 Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁵³⁸ ᴷ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ∕ᶜᵐ³ 00:22:11.494 --> 00:22:12.636 R + 7: 9: 56.25: Si 014 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: 28.086 Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁵³⁸ ᴷ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ∕ᶜᵐ³ 00:22:12.636 --> 00:22:12.966 R + 7: 9: 56.25: Si 014 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: 28.086 Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁵³⁸ ᴷ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ∕ᶜᵐ³ It forms the same four-way bonds 00:22:12.966 --> 00:22:14.783 R + 7: 9: 56.25: Period 3 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: 28.086 Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁵³⁸ ᴷ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ∕ᶜᵐ³ It forms the same four-way bonds 00:22:14.783 --> 00:22:15.236 R + 7: 9: 56.25: Period 3 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: 28.086 Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁵³⁸ ᴷ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ∕ᶜᵐ³ and is also abundant in the Universe. 00:22:15.236 --> 00:22:16.934 R + 7: 9: 56.25: P-block ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: 28.086 Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁵³⁸ ᴷ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ∕ᶜᵐ³ and is also abundant in the Universe. 00:22:16.934 --> 00:22:17.335 R + 7: 9: 56.25: P-block ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: 28.086 Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁵³⁸ ᴷ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ∕ᶜᵐ³ 00:22:17.335 --> 00:22:19.036 R + 7: 9: 56.25: Metalloid ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: 28.086 Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁵³⁸ ᴷ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ∕ᶜᵐ³ 00:22:19.036 --> 00:22:19.266 R + 7: 9: 56.25: 3.9936 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: 28.086 Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁵³⁸ ᴷ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ∕ᶜᵐ³ 00:22:19.266 --> 00:22:20.208 R + 7: 9: 56.25: 3.9936 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: 28.086 Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁵³⁸ ᴷ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ∕ᶜᵐ³ But a closer look... 00:22:20.208 --> 00:22:20.845 R + 7: 9: 56.25: 3.9936 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: 28.086 Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁵³⁸ ᴷ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ∕ᶜᵐ³ reveals that these- 00:22:20.845 --> 00:22:21.195 R + 7: 9: 56.25: ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: 28.086 Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁵³⁸ ᴷ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ∕ᶜᵐ³ reveals that these- 00:22:21.195 --> 00:22:21.562 R + 7: 9: 56.25: ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: 28.086 Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁵³⁸ ᴷ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ∕ᶜᵐ³ two elements are false twins... 00:22:21.562 --> 00:22:23.275 R + 7: 9: 56.25: Si 014 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: 28.086 Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁵³⁸ ᴷ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ∕ᶜᵐ³ two elements are false twins... 00:22:23.275 --> 00:22:23.955 R + 7: 9: 56.25: Period 3 ᴀᴛᴏᴍɪᴄ ᴡᴇɪɢʜᴛ: 28.086 Mᴇʟᴛɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ¹⁶⁸⁷ ᴷ ∕ Bᴏɪʟɪɴɢ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ: ³⁵³⁸ ᴷ Silicon ᴰᵉⁿˢⁱᵗʸ᠄ ²˙³²⁹⁰ ᵍ∕ᶜᵐ³ two elements are false twins... 00:22:27.098 --> 00:22:29.051 Silicon bonds are weaker, 00:22:29.138 --> 00:22:30.395 and less prone to forming- 00:22:30.395 --> 00:22:34.465 large complex molecules. 00:22:36.160 --> 00:22:37.220 Despite this, 00:22:37.515 --> 00:22:39.162 they can withstand a wider range- 00:22:39.162 --> 00:22:40.312 of temperatures, 00:22:40.820 --> 00:22:44.132 opening up intriguing possibilities. 00:22:47.191 --> 00:22:48.988 Life based on the silicon atom- 00:22:48.988 --> 00:22:50.338 instead of carbon, 00:22:50.588 --> 00:22:51.840 would be more resistant- 00:22:51.840 --> 00:22:53.621 to the extreme cold. 00:22:54.568 --> 00:22:55.819 Providing a whole... 00:22:55.879 --> 00:22:59.741 new range of weird forms. 00:23:01.101 --> 00:23:02.901 But silicon has a problem... 00:23:04.416 --> 00:23:06.215 in the presence of oxygen, 00:23:06.265 --> 00:23:07.806 it binds into solid rock. 00:23:10.097 --> 00:23:11.881 To avoid turning to stone, 00:23:11.881 --> 00:23:12.801 silicon beings might be- 00:23:12.801 --> 00:23:12.994 T silicon beings might be- 00:23:12.994 --> 00:23:13.101 TI silicon beings might be- 00:23:13.101 --> 00:23:13.195 TIT silicon beings might be- 00:23:13.195 --> 00:23:13.289 TITA silicon beings might be- 00:23:13.289 --> 00:23:13.587 TITAN silicon beings might be- 00:23:13.587 --> 00:23:13.594 TITAN ˢ 00:23:13.594 --> 00:23:13.602 TITAN ˢᵃ 00:23:13.602 --> 00:23:13.610 TITAN ˢᵃᵗ 00:23:13.610 --> 00:23:13.618 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.618 --> 00:23:13.625 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.625 --> 00:23:13.633 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.633 --> 00:23:13.641 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.641 --> 00:23:13.649 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.649 --> 00:23:13.656 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.656 --> 00:23:13.664 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.664 --> 00:23:13.672 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.672 --> 00:23:13.680 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.680 --> 00:23:13.688 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.688 --> 00:23:13.696 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.696 --> 00:23:13.704 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.704 --> 00:23:13.712 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.712 --> 00:23:13.719 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.719 --> 00:23:13.727 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.727 --> 00:23:13.735 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.735 --> 00:23:13.743 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.743 --> 00:23:13.750 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.750 --> 00:23:13.758 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.758 --> 00:23:13.766 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.766 --> 00:23:13.774 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.774 --> 00:23:13.781 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.781 --> 00:23:13.789 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.789 --> 00:23:13.797 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.797 --> 00:23:13.805 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.805 --> 00:23:13.813 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.813 --> 00:23:13.821 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.821 --> 00:23:13.829 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.829 --> 00:23:13.837 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.837 --> 00:23:13.844 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.844 --> 00:23:13.852 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.852 --> 00:23:13.860 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.860 --> 00:23:13.868 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.868 --> 00:23:13.875 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.875 --> 00:23:13.883 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.883 --> 00:23:13.891 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.891 --> 00:23:13.899 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.899 --> 00:23:13.906 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰² confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.906 --> 00:23:13.914 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.914 --> 00:23:13.922 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.922 --> 00:23:13.930 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.930 --> 00:23:13.938 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.938 --> 00:23:13.946 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.946 --> 00:23:13.954 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗ confined to oxygen free environments.˙ 00:23:13.954 --> 00:23:13.962 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.962 --> 00:23:13.969 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.969 --> 00:23:13.977 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.977 --> 00:23:13.985 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.985 --> 00:23:13.993 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:13.993 --> 00:23:14.000 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:14.000 --> 00:23:14.008 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:14.008 --> 00:23:14.016 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:14.016 --> 00:23:14.024 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:14.024 --> 00:23:14.031 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:14.031 --> 00:23:14.039 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:14.039 --> 00:23:14.047 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:14.047 --> 00:23:14.055 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:14.055 --> 00:23:14.063 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:14.063 --> 00:23:14.071 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻¹ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:14.071 --> 00:23:14.079 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻¹⁷ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:14.079 --> 00:23:14.087 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻¹⁷⁹ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:14.087 --> 00:23:14.094 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻¹⁷⁹` confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:14.094 --> 00:23:15.896 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻¹⁷⁹`ᶜ confined to oxygen free environments. 00:23:15.896 --> 00:23:16.318 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻¹⁷⁹`ᶜ 00:23:16.318 --> 00:23:17.848 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻¹⁷⁹`ᶜ Like Saturn's frigid moon, 00:23:17.848 --> 00:23:18.098 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻¹⁷⁹`ᶜ 00:23:18.098 --> 00:23:19.598 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻¹⁷⁹`ᶜ Titan. 00:23:19.598 --> 00:23:22.659 TITAN ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻¹⁷⁹`ᶜ 00:23:22.659 --> 00:23:22.839 TITA ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻¹⁷⁹`ᶜ 00:23:22.839 --> 00:23:22.935 TIT ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻¹⁷⁹`ᶜ 00:23:22.935 --> 00:23:23.031 TIT ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻¹⁷⁹`ᶜ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.031 --> 00:23:23.038 TIT ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻¹⁷⁹` Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.038 --> 00:23:23.046 TIT ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻¹⁷⁹ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.046 --> 00:23:23.054 TIT ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻¹⁷ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.054 --> 00:23:23.062 TIT ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻¹ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.062 --> 00:23:23.069 TIT ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ⁻ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.069 --> 00:23:23.077 TIT ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.077 --> 00:23:23.085 TIT ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.085 --> 00:23:23.093 TIT ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.093 --> 00:23:23.100 TIT ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.100 --> 00:23:23.108 TIT ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.108 --> 00:23:23.116 TIT ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.116 --> 00:23:23.124 TIT ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.124 --> 00:23:23.132 TIT ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.132 --> 00:23:23.140 TIT ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.140 --> 00:23:23.148 TIT ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.148 --> 00:23:23.156 TIT ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.156 --> 00:23:23.163 TIT ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.163 --> 00:23:23.171 TIT ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.171 --> 00:23:23.179 TIT ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.179 --> 00:23:23.187 TI ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃʳ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.187 --> 00:23:23.194 TI ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉᵃ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.194 --> 00:23:23.202 TI ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ ᵉ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.202 --> 00:23:23.210 TI ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ˣ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.210 --> 00:23:23.218 TI ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰²³ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.218 --> 00:23:23.225 TI ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰² Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.225 --> 00:23:23.233 TI ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˙⁰ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.233 --> 00:23:23.241 TI ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.241 --> 00:23:23.249 TI ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.249 --> 00:23:23.257 TI ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢˢ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.257 --> 00:23:23.265 TI ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃˢ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.265 --> 00:23:23.273 TI ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐᵃ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.273 --> 00:23:23.281 TI ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ ᵐ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.281 --> 00:23:23.288 TI ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏᵐ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.288 --> 00:23:23.296 TI ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ ᵏ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.296 --> 00:23:23.304 TI ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒⁿ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.304 --> 00:23:23.312 TI ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱᵒ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.312 --> 00:23:23.319 TI ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡⁱ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.319 --> 00:23:23.327 TI ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.327 --> 00:23:23.335 TI ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡˡ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.335 --> 00:23:23.343 T ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱˡ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.343 --> 00:23:23.350 T ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐⁱ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.350 --> 00:23:23.358 T ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² ᵐ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.358 --> 00:23:23.366 T ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙² Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.366 --> 00:23:23.374 T ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹˙ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.374 --> 00:23:23.382 T ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.382 --> 00:23:23.390 T ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.390 --> 00:23:23.398 T ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.398 --> 00:23:23.406 T ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.406 --> 00:23:23.413 T ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.413 --> 00:23:23.421 T ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.421 --> 00:23:23.429 T ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢᵗ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.429 --> 00:23:23.437 T ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱˢ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.437 --> 00:23:23.444 T ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈⁱ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.444 --> 00:23:23.452 T ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ ᵈ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.452 --> 00:23:23.460 T ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒⁿ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.460 --> 00:23:23.468 T ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒᵒ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.468 --> 00:23:23.475 T ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐᵒ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.475 --> 00:23:23.483 T ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ ᵐ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.483 --> 00:23:23.491 T ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃⁿ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.491 --> 00:23:23.499 T ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱᵃ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.499 --> 00:23:23.507 T ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿⁱ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.507 --> 00:23:23.515 ˢᵃᵗᵘʳⁿ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.515 --> 00:23:23.523 ˢᵃᵗᵘʳ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.523 --> 00:23:23.531 ˢᵃᵗᵘ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.531 --> 00:23:23.538 ˢᵃᵗ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.538 --> 00:23:23.546 ˢᵃ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.546 --> 00:23:23.562 ˢ Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:23.562 --> 00:23:24.314 Its vast lakes of liquid... 00:23:24.314 --> 00:23:25.624 methane and ethane- 00:23:25.674 --> 00:23:27.131 could be an ideal medium- 00:23:27.131 --> 00:23:28.755 for silicon-based life, 00:23:28.874 --> 00:23:36.076 or other radical biochemistries. 00:23:37.123 --> 00:23:38.653 Without ample sunlight, 00:23:38.743 --> 00:23:40.943 beings on worlds like Titan... 00:23:40.943 --> 00:23:42.961 would likely be chemosynthetic. 00:23:43.117 --> 00:23:44.448 Deriving their energy- 00:23:44.448 --> 00:23:47.866 by breaking down rocks. 00:24:01.366 --> 00:24:02.330 Such life forms- 00:24:02.350 --> 00:24:04.720 could have ultra slow metabolisms... 00:24:04.720 --> 00:24:06.444 and life cycles measured- 00:24:06.495 --> 00:24:12.456 in millions of years. 00:24:15.837 --> 00:24:21.199 And frozen worlds aren't the only possible harbor for exotic life. 00:24:22.487 --> 00:24:22.549 C 00:24:22.549 --> 00:24:22.612 Co 00:24:22.612 --> 00:24:22.674 CoR 00:24:22.674 --> 00:24:22.737 CoRo 00:24:22.737 --> 00:24:22.799 CoRoT 00:24:22.799 --> 00:24:22.862 CoRoT- 00:24:22.862 --> 00:24:22.987 CoRoT-7 00:24:22.987 --> 00:24:23.267 CoRoT-7B 00:24:23.267 --> 00:24:23.274 CoRoT-7B ˢ 00:24:23.274 --> 00:24:23.282 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘ 00:24:23.282 --> 00:24:23.290 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖ 00:24:23.290 --> 00:24:23.298 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉ 00:24:23.298 --> 00:24:23.305 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ 00:24:23.305 --> 00:24:23.313 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉ 00:24:23.313 --> 00:24:23.321 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃ 00:24:23.321 --> 00:24:23.329 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳ 00:24:23.329 --> 00:24:23.336 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗ 00:24:23.336 --> 00:24:23.344 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ 00:24:23.344 --> 00:24:23.352 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈ 00:24:23.352 --> 00:24:23.360 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱ 00:24:23.360 --> 00:24:23.368 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢ 00:24:23.368 --> 00:24:23.376 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗ 00:24:23.376 --> 00:24:23.384 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃ 00:24:23.384 --> 00:24:23.392 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿ 00:24:23.392 --> 00:24:23.399 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜ 00:24:23.399 --> 00:24:23.407 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ 00:24:23.407 --> 00:24:23.415 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ 00:24:23.415 --> 00:24:23.423 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜ 00:24:23.423 --> 00:24:23.430 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵ 00:24:23.430 --> 00:24:23.438 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵² 00:24:23.438 --> 00:24:23.446 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ 00:24:23.446 --> 00:24:23.454 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡ 00:24:23.454 --> 00:24:23.461 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱ 00:24:23.461 --> 00:24:23.469 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍ 00:24:23.469 --> 00:24:23.477 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰ 00:24:23.477 --> 00:24:23.485 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ 00:24:23.485 --> 00:24:23.493 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸ 00:24:23.493 --> 00:24:23.501 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉ 00:24:23.501 --> 00:24:23.509 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃ 00:24:23.509 --> 00:24:23.517 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳ 00:24:23.517 --> 00:24:23.524 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ 00:24:23.532 --> 00:24:23.540 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐ 00:24:23.540 --> 00:24:23.548 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃ 00:24:23.548 --> 00:24:23.555 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢ 00:24:23.555 --> 00:24:23.563 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ 00:24:23.563 --> 00:24:23.571 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ 00:24:23.571 --> 00:24:23.579 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜ 00:24:23.579 --> 00:24:23.586 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ 00:24:23.586 --> 00:24:23.594 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ 00:24:23.594 --> 00:24:23.602 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉ 00:24:23.602 --> 00:24:23.610 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃ 00:24:23.610 --> 00:24:23.618 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳ 00:24:23.618 --> 00:24:23.626 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗ 00:24:23.626 --> 00:24:23.634 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ 00:24:23.634 --> 00:24:23.642 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗ 00:24:23.642 --> 00:24:23.649 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉ 00:24:23.649 --> 00:24:23.657 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐ 00:24:23.657 --> 00:24:23.665 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖ 00:24:23.665 --> 00:24:23.673 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉ 00:24:23.673 --> 00:24:23.680 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳ 00:24:23.680 --> 00:24:23.688 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃ 00:24:23.688 --> 00:24:23.696 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗ 00:24:23.696 --> 00:24:23.704 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘ 00:24:23.704 --> 00:24:23.711 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳ 00:24:23.711 --> 00:24:23.719 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ 00:24:23.719 --> 00:24:23.727 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ 00:24:23.727 --> 00:24:23.735 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ¹ 00:24:23.735 --> 00:24:23.743 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ¹⁰ 00:24:23.743 --> 00:24:23.751 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ¹⁰² 00:24:23.751 --> 00:24:23.759 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ¹⁰²⁶ 00:24:23.759 --> 00:24:23.767 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ¹⁰²⁶⁻ 00:24:23.767 --> 00:24:23.774 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ¹⁰²⁶⁻¹ 00:24:23.774 --> 00:24:23.782 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ¹⁰²⁶⁻¹⁵ 00:24:23.782 --> 00:24:23.790 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ¹⁰²⁶⁻¹⁵² 00:24:23.790 --> 00:24:23.798 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ¹⁰²⁶⁻¹⁵²⁶ 00:24:23.798 --> 00:24:23.805 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ¹⁰²⁶⁻¹⁵²⁶` 00:24:23.805 --> 00:24:25.821 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ¹⁰²⁶⁻¹⁵²⁶`ᶜ 00:24:25.821 --> 00:24:27.114 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ¹⁰²⁶⁻¹⁵²⁶`ᶜ In high temperatures, 00:24:27.114 --> 00:24:28.522 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ¹⁰²⁶⁻¹⁵²⁶`ᶜ typically rigid silicon- 00:24:28.522 --> 00:24:28.584 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ¹⁰²⁶⁻¹⁵²⁶`ᶜ 00:24:28.584 --> 00:24:30.203 CoRoT-7B ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ¹⁰²⁶⁻¹⁵²⁶`ᶜ oxygen bonds become more... 00:24:30.203 --> 00:24:30.368 CoRoT-7 ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ¹⁰²⁶⁻¹⁵²⁶`ᶜ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.368 --> 00:24:30.493 CoRoT- ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ¹⁰²⁶⁻¹⁵²⁶`ᶜ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.493 --> 00:24:30.618 CoRoT ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ¹⁰²⁶⁻¹⁵²⁶`ᶜ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.618 --> 00:24:30.625 CoRo ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ¹⁰²⁶⁻¹⁵²⁶`ᶜ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.625 --> 00:24:30.633 CoRo ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ¹⁰²⁶⁻¹⁵²⁶` flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.633 --> 00:24:30.641 CoRo ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ¹⁰²⁶⁻¹⁵²⁶ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.641 --> 00:24:30.649 CoRo ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ¹⁰²⁶⁻¹⁵² flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.649 --> 00:24:30.656 CoRo ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ¹⁰²⁶⁻¹⁵ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.656 --> 00:24:30.664 CoRo ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ¹⁰²⁶⁻¹ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.664 --> 00:24:30.672 CoRo ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ¹⁰²⁶⁻ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.672 --> 00:24:30.680 CoRo ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ¹⁰²⁶ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.680 --> 00:24:30.687 CoRo ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ¹⁰² flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.687 --> 00:24:30.695 CoRo ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ¹⁰ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.695 --> 00:24:30.703 CoRo ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ ¹ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.703 --> 00:24:30.711 CoRo ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ᠄ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.711 --> 00:24:30.719 CoRo ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳᵉ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.719 --> 00:24:30.727 CoRo ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘʳ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.727 --> 00:24:30.735 CoRo ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗᵘ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.735 --> 00:24:30.743 CoRo ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃᵗ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.743 --> 00:24:30.750 CoRo ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳᵃ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.750 --> 00:24:30.758 CoR ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉʳ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.758 --> 00:24:30.766 CoR ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖᵉ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.766 --> 00:24:30.774 CoR ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐᵖ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.774 --> 00:24:30.781 CoR ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉᵐ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.781 --> 00:24:30.789 CoR ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗᵉ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.789 --> 00:24:30.797 CoR ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵗ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.797 --> 00:24:30.805 CoR ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.805 --> 00:24:30.812 CoR ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳᵗ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.812 --> 00:24:30.820 CoR ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃʳ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.820 --> 00:24:30.828 CoR ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉᵃ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.828 --> 00:24:30.836 CoR ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ ᵉ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.836 --> 00:24:30.844 CoR ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ˣ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.844 --> 00:24:30.852 Co ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜⁸ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.852 --> 00:24:30.860 Co ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ ˜ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.860 --> 00:24:30.868 Co ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.868 --> 00:24:30.875 Co ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ᠄ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.875 --> 00:24:30.883 Co ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢˢ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.883 --> 00:24:30.891 Co ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃˢ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.891 --> 00:24:30.899 Co ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐᵃ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.899 --> 00:24:30.906 Co ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ᵐ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.906 --> 00:24:30.914 Co ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.914 --> 00:24:30.922 Co ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.922 --> 00:24:30.930 Co ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.930 --> 00:24:30.937 Co ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.937 --> 00:24:30.945 Co ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.945 --> 00:24:30.953 Co ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.953 --> 00:24:30.961 C ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.961 --> 00:24:30.969 C ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱᵍ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.969 --> 00:24:30.977 C ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡⁱ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.977 --> 00:24:30.985 C ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ ˡ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.985 --> 00:24:30.993 C ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵²⁰ flexible and reactive. 00:24:30.993 --> 00:24:31.000 C ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵² flexible and reactive. 00:24:31.000 --> 00:24:31.008 C ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜⁵ flexible and reactive. 00:24:31.008 --> 00:24:31.016 C ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ˜ flexible and reactive. 00:24:31.016 --> 00:24:31.024 C ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ flexible and reactive. 00:24:31.024 --> 00:24:31.031 C ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜ flexible and reactive. 00:24:31.031 --> 00:24:31.039 C ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿ flexible and reactive. 00:24:31.039 --> 00:24:31.047 C ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃ flexible and reactive. 00:24:31.047 --> 00:24:31.055 C ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢᵗ 00:24:31.055 --> 00:24:31.062 C ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱˢ 00:24:31.062 --> 00:24:31.070 C ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈⁱ 00:24:31.070 --> 00:24:31.078 C ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ ᵈ 00:24:31.078 --> 00:24:31.086 C ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗʰ 00:24:31.086 --> 00:24:31.093 ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳᵗ 00:24:31.093 --> 00:24:31.101 ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃʳ 00:24:31.101 --> 00:24:31.109 ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉᵃ 00:24:31.109 --> 00:24:31.117 ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ ᵉ 00:24:31.117 --> 00:24:31.124 ˢᵘᵖᵉʳ 00:24:31.124 --> 00:24:31.132 ˢᵘᵖᵉ 00:24:31.132 --> 00:24:31.140 ˢᵘᵖ 00:24:31.140 --> 00:24:31.148 ˢᵘ 00:24:31.148 --> 00:24:31.155 ˢ 00:24:32.683 --> 00:24:36.048 Triggering more dynamic chemistry. 00:24:39.860 --> 00:24:40.886 This has led to a- 00:24:40.886 --> 00:24:43.326 truly bizarre proposal... 00:24:43.464 --> 00:24:45.307 silicon-based life forms, 00:24:45.307 --> 00:24:46.449 that live inside- 00:24:46.489 --> 00:24:47.992 molten silicate rock. 00:25:00.703 --> 00:25:01.594 In theory, 00:25:01.654 --> 00:25:02.677 these forms could even- 00:25:02.677 --> 00:25:04.254 exist deep beneath the Earth... 00:25:04.294 --> 00:25:06.104 inside magma chambers, 00:25:06.104 --> 00:25:10.643 as part of a shadow biosphere. 00:25:12.142 --> 00:25:13.165 If so... 00:25:13.487 --> 00:25:15.237 then the aliens are right- 00:25:15.237 --> 00:25:17.532 under our noses. 00:25:20.559 --> 00:25:21.898 Other shadow biospheres- 00:25:21.938 --> 00:25:22.898 have been proposed... 00:25:23.460 --> 00:25:24.502 forms of life... 00:25:24.502 --> 00:25:25.402 living alongside us- 00:25:25.462 --> 00:25:26.130 that we don't even- 00:25:26.130 --> 00:25:27.330 know are here. 00:25:27.338 --> 00:25:29.821 Including tiny RNA-based life, 00:25:29.881 --> 00:25:31.887 small enough to go undetected- 00:25:31.927 --> 00:25:34.077 by existing instruments. 00:25:43.905 --> 00:25:44.905 [Many billion years ago] 00:25:46.591 --> 00:25:48.772 Clouds of dust and empty space, 00:25:48.797 --> 00:25:50.086 might seem like the last place- 00:25:50.086 --> 00:25:53.394 you did expect to find anything living. 00:25:53.947 --> 00:25:54.197 Astronomical Plasma 00:25:54.197 --> 00:25:55.267 Astronomical Plasma But when cosmic dust- 00:25:55.267 --> 00:25:56.774 Astronomical Plasma makes contact with plasma, 00:25:56.774 --> 00:25:57.467 Astronomical Plasma ⁱⁿᵗᵉʳˢᵗᵉˡˡᵃʳ ⁱᵒⁿⁱᶻᵉᵈ ᵍᵃˢ makes contact with plasma, 00:25:57.467 --> 00:25:57.529 Astronomical Plasma ⁱⁿᵗᵉʳˢᵗᵉˡˡᵃʳ ⁱᵒⁿⁱᶻᵉᵈ ᵍᵃˢ 00:25:57.529 --> 00:25:59.128 Astronomical Plasma ⁱⁿᵗᵉʳˢᵗᵉˡˡᵃʳ ⁱᵒⁿⁱᶻᵉᵈ ᵍᵃˢ a type of ionized gas... 00:25:59.128 --> 00:26:01.923 Astronomical Plasma ⁱⁿᵗᵉʳˢᵗᵉˡˡᵃʳ ⁱᵒⁿⁱᶻᵉᵈ ᵍᵃˢ something strange happens. 00:26:01.923 --> 00:26:01.985 Astronomical Plasma ⁱⁿᵗᵉʳˢᵗᵉˡˡᵃʳ ⁱᵒⁿⁱᶻᵉᵈ ᵍᵃˢ 00:26:05.550 --> 00:26:08.248 In simulated conditions dust particles, 00:26:08.341 --> 00:26:09.965 have been seen spontaneously... 00:26:09.965 --> 00:26:11.103 self-organizing into- 00:26:11.133 --> 00:26:12.297 helical structures- 00:26:12.297 --> 00:26:14.479 that resemble DNA. 00:26:18.588 --> 00:26:19.992 These plasma crystals- 00:26:19.992 --> 00:26:20.992 even begin to exhibit- 00:26:21.034 --> 00:26:23.053 life-like behavior... 00:26:23.578 --> 00:26:24.506 replicating, 00:26:24.559 --> 00:26:25.709 evolving into more... 00:26:25.709 --> 00:26:26.779 stable forms- 00:26:26.833 --> 00:26:29.055 and passing on information. 00:26:35.715 --> 00:26:38.870 Could these crystals be considered alive? 00:26:41.564 --> 00:26:48.365 To some researchers, they meet all the criteria to qualify as inorganic life forms. 00:26:52.179 --> 00:26:56.664 So far, we have only ever seen them in computer simulations. 00:26:58.513 --> 00:27:04.382 But some speculate we could find them among the ice particles in the rings of Uranus. 00:27:11.630 --> 00:27:12.110 Space Plasma 00:27:12.110 --> 00:27:13.230 Space Plasma Plasma is the most- 00:27:13.230 --> 00:27:14.571 Space Plasma common state of matter... 00:27:14.571 --> 00:27:14.633 Space Plasma ⁱⁿᵗᵉʳ⁻ ˢᵒˡᵃʳ ˢʸˢᵗᵉᵐ ⁱᵒⁿⁱᶻᵉᵈ ᵍᵃˢ 00:27:14.633 --> 00:27:16.033 Space Plasma ⁱⁿᵗᵉʳ⁻ ˢᵒˡᵃʳ ˢʸˢᵗᵉᵐ ⁱᵒⁿⁱᶻᵉᵈ ᵍᵃˢ in the Universe. 00:27:16.033 --> 00:27:17.386 Space Plasma ⁱⁿᵗᵉʳ⁻ ˢᵒˡᵃʳ ˢʸˢᵗᵉᵐ ⁱᵒⁿⁱᶻᵉᵈ ᵍᵃˢ 00:27:17.386 --> 00:27:18.786 Space Plasma ⁱⁿᵗᵉʳ⁻ ˢᵒˡᵃʳ ˢʸˢᵗᵉᵐ ⁱᵒⁿⁱᶻᵉᵈ ᵍᵃˢ If complex evolving- 00:27:18.786 --> 00:27:20.966 Space Plasma ⁱⁿᵗᵉʳ⁻ ˢᵒˡᵃʳ ˢʸˢᵗᵉᵐ ⁱᵒⁿⁱᶻᵉᵈ ᵍᵃˢ plasma crystals really exist? 00:27:20.966 --> 00:27:22.997 Space Plasma ⁱⁿᵗᵉʳ⁻ ˢᵒˡᵃʳ ˢʸˢᵗᵉᵐ ⁱᵒⁿⁱᶻᵉᵈ ᵍᵃˢ and if they can be considered life, 00:27:22.997 --> 00:27:23.122 Space Plasma ⁱⁿᵗᵉʳ⁻ ˢᵒˡᵃʳ ˢʸˢᵗᵉᵐ ⁱᵒⁿⁱᶻᵉᵈ ᵍᵃˢ 00:27:23.122 --> 00:27:27.149 Space Plasma ⁱⁿᵗᵉʳ⁻ ˢᵒˡᵃʳ ˢʸˢᵗᵉᵐ ⁱᵒⁿⁱᶻᵉᵈ ᵍᵃˢ they could be its most common form. 00:27:38.505 --> 00:27:47.019 Or perhaps life is lurking in the polar opposite environment: inside the hearts of dead stars. 00:27:51.170 --> 00:27:52.849 When massive suns explode, 00:27:52.919 --> 00:27:54.079 some collapase into- 00:27:54.079 --> 00:27:55.281 ultra dense cores... 00:27:55.281 --> 00:27:55.343 P ultra dense cores... 00:27:55.343 --> 00:27:55.406 PS ultra dense cores... 00:27:55.406 --> 00:27:55.468 PSR 00:27:55.468 --> 00:27:55.531 PSR B called neutron stars. 00:27:55.531 --> 00:27:55.562 PSR B1 called neutron stars. 00:27:55.562 --> 00:27:55.593 PSR B15 called neutron stars. 00:27:55.593 --> 00:27:55.624 PSR B150 called neutron stars. 00:27:55.624 --> 00:27:55.656 PSR B1509 called neutron stars. 00:27:55.656 --> 00:27:55.687 PSR B1509- called neutron stars. 00:27:55.687 --> 00:27:55.718 PSR B1509-5 called neutron stars. 00:27:55.718 --> 00:27:56.100 PSR B1509-58 called neutron stars. 00:27:56.100 --> 00:27:56.107 PSR B1509-58 called neutron stars. 00:27:56.107 --> 00:27:56.115 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.115 --> 00:27:56.123 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.123 --> 00:27:56.131 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.131 --> 00:27:56.138 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.138 --> 00:27:56.146 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.146 --> 00:27:56.154 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.154 --> 00:27:56.162 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.162 --> 00:27:56.169 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.169 --> 00:27:56.177 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.177 --> 00:27:56.185 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.185 --> 00:27:56.193 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.193 --> 00:27:56.201 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.201 --> 00:27:56.209 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.209 --> 00:27:56.217 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.217 --> 00:27:56.225 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.225 --> 00:27:56.232 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.232 --> 00:27:56.240 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.240 --> 00:27:56.248 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.248 --> 00:27:56.256 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.256 --> 00:27:56.263 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.263 --> 00:27:56.271 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.271 --> 00:27:56.279 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.279 --> 00:27:56.287 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.287 --> 00:27:56.294 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.294 --> 00:27:56.302 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.302 --> 00:27:56.310 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.310 --> 00:27:56.318 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.318 --> 00:27:56.326 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.326 --> 00:27:56.334 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.334 --> 00:27:56.342 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.342 --> 00:27:56.350 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.350 --> 00:27:56.357 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.357 --> 00:27:56.365 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.365 --> 00:27:56.373 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.373 --> 00:27:56.381 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.381 --> 00:27:56.388 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.388 --> 00:27:56.396 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.396 --> 00:27:56.404 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.404 --> 00:27:56.412 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.412 --> 00:27:56.419 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.419 --> 00:27:56.427 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.427 --> 00:27:56.435 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.435 --> 00:27:56.443 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.443 --> 00:27:56.451 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.451 --> 00:27:56.459 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.459 --> 00:27:56.467 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.467 --> 00:27:56.475 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳᵃ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.475 --> 00:27:56.482 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳᵃᵗ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.482 --> 00:27:56.490 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳᵃᵗᵉ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.490 --> 00:27:56.498 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳᵃᵗᵉ᠄ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.498 --> 00:27:56.506 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳᵃᵗᵉ᠄ ˜ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.506 --> 00:27:56.513 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳᵃᵗᵉ᠄ ˜⁷ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.513 --> 00:27:56.521 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳᵃᵗᵉ᠄ ˜⁷∕ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.521 --> 00:27:56.529 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳᵃᵗᵉ᠄ ˜⁷∕ˢ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.529 --> 00:27:56.537 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳᵃᵗᵉ᠄ ˜⁷∕ˢᵉ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.537 --> 00:27:56.544 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳᵃᵗᵉ᠄ ˜⁷∕ˢᵉᶜ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.544 --> 00:27:56.552 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳᵃᵗᵉ᠄ ˜⁷∕ˢᵉᶜᵒ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.552 --> 00:27:56.560 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳᵃᵗᵉ᠄ ˜⁷∕ˢᵉᶜᵒⁿ called neutron stars. 00:27:56.560 --> 00:27:57.402 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳᵃᵗᵉ᠄ ˜⁷∕ˢᵉᶜᵒⁿᵈ called neutron stars. 00:27:57.402 --> 00:27:57.826 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳᵃᵗᵉ᠄ ˜⁷∕ˢᵉᶜᵒⁿᵈ 00:27:57.826 --> 00:28:00.096 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳᵃᵗᵉ᠄ ˜⁷∕ˢᵉᶜᵒⁿᵈ Hulking masses of atomic nuclei, 00:28:00.096 --> 00:28:00.158 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳᵃᵗᵉ᠄ ˜⁷∕ˢᵉᶜᵒⁿᵈ 00:28:00.158 --> 00:28:02.871 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳᵃᵗᵉ᠄ ˜⁷∕ˢᵉᶜᵒⁿᵈ crammed together like sardines. 00:28:02.871 --> 00:28:05.306 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳᵃᵗᵉ᠄ ˜⁷∕ˢᵉᶜᵒⁿᵈ 00:28:05.306 --> 00:28:06.624 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳᵃᵗᵉ᠄ ˜⁷∕ˢᵉᶜᵒⁿᵈ Conditions on the surface- 00:28:06.624 --> 00:28:07.601 PSR B1509-58 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳᵃᵗᵉ᠄ ˜⁷∕ˢᵉᶜᵒⁿᵈ are mind-boggling... 00:28:07.601 --> 00:28:07.663 PSR B1509-5 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳᵃᵗᵉ᠄ ˜⁷∕ˢᵉᶜᵒⁿᵈ are mind-boggling... 00:28:07.663 --> 00:28:07.726 PSR B1509- ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳᵃᵗᵉ᠄ ˜⁷∕ˢᵉᶜᵒⁿᵈ are mind-boggling... 00:28:07.726 --> 00:28:07.788 PSR B1509 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳᵃᵗᵉ᠄ ˜⁷∕ˢᵉᶜᵒⁿᵈ are mind-boggling... 00:28:07.788 --> 00:28:07.851 PSR B150 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳᵃᵗᵉ᠄ ˜⁷∕ˢᵉᶜᵒⁿᵈ 00:28:07.851 --> 00:28:07.913 PSR B15 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳᵃᵗᵉ᠄ ˜⁷∕ˢᵉᶜᵒⁿᵈ 00:28:07.913 --> 00:28:07.976 PSR B1 ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳᵃᵗᵉ᠄ ˜⁷∕ˢᵉᶜᵒⁿᵈ 00:28:07.976 --> 00:28:07.983 PSR B ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳᵃᵗᵉ᠄ ˜⁷∕ˢᵉᶜᵒⁿᵈ 00:28:07.983 --> 00:28:07.991 PSR B ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳᵃᵗᵉ᠄ ˜⁷∕ˢᵉᶜᵒⁿ 00:28:07.991 --> 00:28:07.999 PSR B ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳᵃᵗᵉ᠄ ˜⁷∕ˢᵉᶜᵒ 00:28:07.999 --> 00:28:08.007 PSR B ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳᵃᵗᵉ᠄ ˜⁷∕ˢᵉᶜ 00:28:08.007 --> 00:28:08.014 PSR B ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈᶦˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡᶦᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖᶦⁿ ʳᵃᵗᵉ᠄ ˜⁷∕ˢᵉ 00:28:08.014 --> 00:28:08.022 PSR B ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳᵃᵗᵉ᠄ ˜⁷∕ˢ 00:28:08.022 --> 00:28:08.030 PSR B ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳᵃᵗᵉ᠄ ˜⁷∕ 00:28:08.030 --> 00:28:08.038 PSR B ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳᵃᵗᵉ᠄ ˜⁷ 00:28:08.038 --> 00:28:08.045 PSR ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳᵃᵗᵉ᠄ ˜ 00:28:08.045 --> 00:28:08.053 PSR ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳᵃᵗᵉ᠄ 00:28:08.053 --> 00:28:08.061 PSR ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳᵃᵗᵉ 00:28:08.061 --> 00:28:08.069 PSR ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳᵃᵗ 00:28:08.069 --> 00:28:08.077 PSR ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳᵃ 00:28:08.077 --> 00:28:08.085 PSR ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ ʳ 00:28:08.085 --> 00:28:08.093 PSR ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖⁱⁿ 00:28:08.093 --> 00:28:08.101 PSR ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖᶦ 00:28:08.101 --> 00:28:08.108 PS ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢᵖ 00:28:08.108 --> 00:28:08.116 PS ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ ˢ 00:28:08.116 --> 00:28:08.124 PS ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳˢ 00:28:08.124 --> 00:28:08.132 PS ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃʳ 00:28:08.132 --> 00:28:08.139 PS ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉᵃ 00:28:08.139 --> 00:28:08.147 PS ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸᵉ 00:28:08.147 --> 00:28:08.155 PS ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ ʸ 00:28:08.155 --> 00:28:08.163 PS ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰᵗ 00:28:08.163 --> 00:28:08.170 PS ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍʰ 00:28:08.170 --> 00:28:08.178 PS ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱᵍ 00:28:08.178 --> 00:28:08.186 PS ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡⁱ 00:28:08.186 --> 00:28:08.194 PS ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ ˡ 00:28:08.194 --> 00:28:08.202 PS ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰⁰ 00:28:08.202 --> 00:28:08.210 PS ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰⁰ 00:28:08.210 --> 00:28:08.218 PS ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷⁰ 00:28:08.218 --> 00:28:08.226 PS ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹⁷ 00:28:08.226 --> 00:28:08.233 PS ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ ¹ 00:28:08.233 --> 00:28:08.241 PS ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ᠄ 00:28:08.241 --> 00:28:08.249 PS ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜᵉ 00:28:08.249 --> 00:28:08.257 PS ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿᶜ 00:28:08.257 --> 00:28:08.264 PS ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃⁿ 00:28:08.264 --> 00:28:08.272 PS ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗᵃ 00:28:08.272 --> 00:28:08.280 PS ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢᵗ 00:28:08.280 --> 00:28:08.288 PS ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱˢ 00:28:08.288 --> 00:28:08.295 PS ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈⁱ 00:28:08.295 --> 00:28:08.303 PS ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ ᵈ 00:28:08.303 --> 00:28:08.311 PS ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃʳ 00:28:08.311 --> 00:28:08.319 PS ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢᵃ 00:28:08.319 --> 00:28:08.327 P ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡˢ 00:28:08.327 --> 00:28:08.335 P ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘˡ 00:28:08.335 --> 00:28:08.343 P ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖᵘ 00:28:08.343 --> 00:28:08.351 P ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ ᵖ 00:28:08.351 --> 00:28:08.358 P ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ ∕ 00:28:08.358 --> 00:28:08.366 P ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃʳ 00:28:08.366 --> 00:28:08.374 P ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗᵃ 00:28:08.374 --> 00:28:08.382 P ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢᵗ 00:28:08.382 --> 00:28:08.389 P ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ ˢ 00:28:08.389 --> 00:28:08.397 P ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒⁿ 00:28:08.397 --> 00:28:08.405 P ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳᵒ 00:28:08.405 --> 00:28:08.413 P ⁿᵉᵘᵗʳ 00:28:08.413 --> 00:28:08.420 P ⁿᵉᵘᵗ 00:28:08.420 --> 00:28:08.428 P ⁿᵉᵘ 00:28:08.428 --> 00:28:08.436 P ⁿᵉ 00:28:08.436 --> 00:28:08.444 P ⁿ 00:28:08.444 --> 00:28:08.452 P 00:28:08.552 --> 00:28:11.120 gravity is a hundred billion times... 00:28:11.120 --> 00:28:12.308 stronger than Earths. 00:28:15.524 --> 00:28:18.023 But beneath their iron nuclei crust lies, 00:28:18.073 --> 00:28:19.820 something strange... 00:28:21.334 --> 00:28:22.748 a hot dense sea... 00:28:22.748 --> 00:28:25.880 of neutrons and subatomic particles. 00:28:34.390 --> 00:28:36.133 Stripped of their electron shells- 00:28:36.217 --> 00:28:38.286 these nuclei would obey entirely... 00:28:38.286 --> 00:28:40.330 different laws of chemistry, 00:28:40.380 --> 00:28:42.714 based not on the electromagnetic force, 00:28:42.914 --> 00:28:44.956 but the strong nuclear force... 00:28:45.107 --> 00:28:48.210 which binds nuclei together. 00:28:49.490 --> 00:28:50.509 In theory... 00:28:50.614 --> 00:28:52.444 these particles could link-up to form- 00:28:52.444 --> 00:28:54.333 larger macronuclei... 00:28:54.456 --> 00:28:55.136 which could then- 00:28:55.136 --> 00:28:57.143 combine into even bigger- 00:28:57.143 --> 00:28:58.103 super nuclei. 00:29:06.596 --> 00:29:07.750 If so... 00:29:07.785 --> 00:29:09.535 then this bewildering environment, 00:29:09.535 --> 00:29:10.624 would mimic the basic- 00:29:10.664 --> 00:29:12.334 conditions for life. 00:29:12.354 --> 00:29:14.054 Heavy nucleon molecules, 00:29:14.084 --> 00:29:15.547 floating in a complex- 00:29:15.547 --> 00:29:17.440 particle ocean. 00:29:22.509 --> 00:29:23.521 Some scientists have- 00:29:23.521 --> 00:29:25.125 proposed the unimaginable... 00:29:26.319 --> 00:29:27.783 exotic life forms... 00:29:27.813 --> 00:29:28.783 drifting through the- 00:29:28.783 --> 00:29:30.593 strange particle sea, 00:29:30.953 --> 00:29:32.321 living evolving... 00:29:32.389 --> 00:29:34.629 and dying on incomprehensibly- 00:29:34.629 --> 00:29:37.169 fast time scales... 00:29:55.662 --> 00:30:00.745 There's probably no chance of ever detecting such a strange breed of life. 00:30:02.572 --> 00:30:07.673 But there may be hope for finding an even more exotic form. 00:30:19.226 --> 00:30:20.346 Life is not something- 00:30:20.346 --> 00:30:23.750 that has to evolve naturally. 00:30:26.126 --> 00:30:29.200 It can be designed. 00:30:41.446 --> 00:30:42.558 And once intelligence- 00:30:42.558 --> 00:30:43.753 is introduced into the- 00:30:43.783 --> 00:30:45.926 evolutionary process, 00:30:46.086 --> 00:30:48.262 a Pandora's box is opened. 00:31:05.897 --> 00:31:07.290 Free from typical... 00:31:07.290 --> 00:31:08.683 biological limitations, 00:31:08.743 --> 00:31:11.003 synthetic and machine-based life- 00:31:11.003 --> 00:31:11.647 could be the most... 00:31:11.697 --> 00:31:14.872 successful of all. 00:31:16.457 --> 00:31:17.237 It could thrive... 00:31:17.237 --> 00:31:18.417 almost anywhere, 00:31:18.461 --> 00:31:20.685 including the vaccum of space, 00:31:20.745 --> 00:31:22.543 opening up vast frontiers... 00:31:22.543 --> 00:31:25.591 unavailable to biological organisms. 00:31:31.667 --> 00:31:33.353 And compared to the glacial pace- 00:31:33.383 --> 00:31:34.631 of natural selection, 00:31:34.941 --> 00:31:36.644 technical evolution- 00:31:36.674 --> 00:31:38.227 allows exponentially... 00:31:38.227 --> 00:31:39.434 faster growth, 00:31:39.484 --> 00:31:42.961 adaptability and resilience. 00:31:55.937 --> 00:31:57.238 By some estimates, 00:31:57.298 --> 00:31:58.272 autonomous self- 00:31:58.272 --> 00:31:59.347 replicating machines... 00:31:59.367 --> 00:32:00.377 could colonize... 00:32:00.437 --> 00:32:01.830 an entire galaxy- 00:32:01.830 --> 00:32:02.416 in as little... 00:32:02.456 --> 00:32:04.683 as a million years. 00:32:18.687 --> 00:32:19.748 We can't predict... 00:32:19.788 --> 00:32:21.484 how hyper-intelligent life- 00:32:21.484 --> 00:32:23.200 would organize itself, 00:32:26.367 --> 00:32:27.377 but in theory, 00:32:27.377 --> 00:32:27.984 there could be- 00:32:28.054 --> 00:32:30.810 convergent evolution at play. 00:32:32.177 --> 00:32:34.403 The electrical properties of Silicon- 00:32:34.433 --> 00:32:36.326 might make it a universal basis... 00:32:36.326 --> 00:32:38.529 for machine intelligence, 00:32:38.567 --> 00:32:39.604 a redemption... 00:32:39.604 --> 00:32:44.648 for its biological shortcomings. 00:33:02.906 --> 00:33:04.585 With all its potential advantages, 00:33:04.585 --> 00:33:07.601 With all its potential advantages, machine life may even be a universal endpoint: 00:33:07.601 --> 00:33:15.189 With all its potential advantages, machine life may even be a universal endpoint: the apex of evolutionary process. 00:33:53.263 --> 00:33:55.005 As the universe ages, 00:33:55.065 --> 00:33:56.668 perhaps machine intelligence... 00:33:56.668 --> 00:33:58.443 would come to dominate, 00:33:58.633 --> 00:33:59.805 and naturally occurring- 00:33:59.805 --> 00:34:01.700 biological life will be viewed... 00:34:01.750 --> 00:34:04.198 as a quaint starting point. 00:34:09.423 --> 00:34:09.919 Perhaps... 00:34:09.919 --> 00:34:10.712 we ourselves... 00:34:10.792 --> 00:34:12.716 will lead this transition, 00:34:12.973 --> 00:34:14.493 and the great human experiment... 00:34:14.533 --> 00:34:15.294 would be merely... 00:34:15.294 --> 00:34:16.421 a first link- 00:34:16.441 --> 00:34:17.362 in a sprawling, 00:34:17.404 --> 00:34:23.600 intergalactic chain of life. 00:34:50.965 --> 00:35:02.039 In the end, we are still the only beings we know of in the museum of alien life. 00:35:07.170 --> 00:35:10.359 To truly know ourselves, we will have to know: 00:35:10.359 --> 00:35:13.329 To truly know ourselves, we will have to know: are we the only ones? 00:35:27.399 --> 00:35:29.425 Loren Eiseley has said... 00:35:29.499 --> 00:35:30.476 that one does not 00:35:30.486 --> 00:35:31.669 meet oneself... 00:35:31.669 --> 00:35:32.899 until one catches... 00:35:32.931 --> 00:35:35.131 the reflection from an eye- 00:35:35.181 --> 00:35:36.317 other than human. 00:35:38.665 --> 00:35:39.855 One day that eye- 00:35:39.925 --> 00:35:41.110 maybe that... 00:35:41.110 --> 00:35:42.355 of an intelligent alien. 00:35:45.612 --> 00:35:46.555 And the sooner- 00:35:46.555 --> 00:35:48.025 we eschew our... 00:35:48.165 --> 00:35:51.835 narrow view of evolution, 00:35:52.024 --> 00:35:52.704 the sooner- 00:35:52.704 --> 00:35:54.121 we can... 00:35:54.211 --> 00:35:55.798 truly explore, 00:35:55.828 --> 00:35:57.844 our ultimate origins... 00:35:57.874 --> 00:36:01.698 and destinations. NOTE Paragraph 00:36:04.088 --> 00:36:07.169 We have seen what could be out there. 00:36:10.426 --> 00:36:12.992 And we know how we might find it. 00:36:15.796 --> 00:36:18.616 There is only one thing left to do. 00:36:21.646 --> 00:36:25.670 Go looking. 00:36:27.487 --> 00:36:28.487 End Credit In 3... 00:36:28.487 --> 00:36:29.487 End Credit In 2... 00:36:29.487 --> 00:36:30.487 End Credit In 1... 00:36:30.487 --> 00:36:30.503 End Credit In 0.99... 00:36:30.503 --> 00:36:30.510 End Credit In 0.98... 00:36:30.510 --> 00:36:30.518 End Credit In 0.97... 00:36:30.518 --> 00:36:30.534 End Credit In 0.96... 00:36:30.534 --> 00:36:30.541 End Credit In 0.95... 00:36:30.541 --> 00:36:30.549 End Credit In 0.94... 00:36:30.549 --> 00:36:30.557 End Credit In 0.93... 00:36:30.557 --> 00:36:30.565 End Credit In 0.92... 00:36:30.565 --> 00:36:30.573 End Credit In 0.92... 00:36:30.573 --> 00:36:30.581 End Credit In 0.91... 00:36:30.581 --> 00:36:30.589 End Credit In 0.90... 00:36:30.589 --> 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End Credit In 0.72... 00:36:30.768 --> 00:36:30.784 End Credit In 0.71... 00:36:30.784 --> 00:36:30.791 End Credit In 0.70... 00:36:30.791 --> 00:36:30.799 End Credit In 0.69... 00:36:30.799 --> 00:36:30.807 End Credit In 0.68... 00:36:30.807 --> 00:36:30.815 End Credit In 0.67... 00:36:30.815 --> 00:36:30.823 End Credit In 0.67... 00:36:30.823 --> 00:36:30.831 End Credit In 0.66... 00:36:30.831 --> 00:36:30.839 End Credit In 0.65... 00:36:30.839 --> 00:36:30.847 End Credit In 0.64... 00:36:30.847 --> 00:36:30.854 End Credit In 0.64... 00:36:30.854 --> 00:36:30.862 End Credit In 0.63... 00:36:30.862 --> 00:36:30.870 End Credit In 0.62... 00:36:30.870 --> 00:36:30.878 End Credit In 0.61... 00:36:30.878 --> 00:36:30.893 End Credit In 0.60... 00:36:30.893 --> 00:36:30.901 End Credit In 0.59... 00:36:30.901 --> 00:36:30.909 End Credit In 0.58... 00:36:30.909 --> 00:36:30.916 End Credit In 0.57... 00:36:30.916 --> 00:36:30.924 End Credit In 0.57... 00:36:30.924 --> 00:36:30.932 End Credit In 0.56... 00:36:30.932 --> 00:36:30.940 End Credit In 0.54... 00:36:30.940 --> 00:36:30.948 End Credit In 0.53... 00:36:30.948 --> 00:36:30.956 End Credit In 0.52... 00:36:30.956 --> 00:36:30.972 End Credit In 0.51... 00:36:30.972 --> 00:36:30.979 End Credit In 0.50... 00:36:30.979 --> 00:36:30.987 End Credit In 0.49... 00:36:30.987 --> 00:36:31.003 End Credit In 0.48... 00:36:31.003 --> 00:36:31.010 End Credit In 0.47... 00:36:31.010 --> 00:36:31.018 End Credit In 0.46... 00:36:31.018 --> 00:36:31.034 End Credit In 0.45... 00:36:31.034 --> 00:36:31.041 End Credit In 0.44... 00:36:31.041 --> 00:36:31.049 End Credit In 0.43... 00:36:31.049 --> 00:36:31.057 End Credit In 0.42... 00:36:31.057 --> 00:36:31.065 End Credit In 0.41... 00:36:31.065 --> 00:36:31.073 End Credit In 0.41... 00:36:31.073 --> 00:36:31.081 End Credit In 0.40... 00:36:31.081 --> 00:36:31.089 End Credit In 0.40... 00:36:31.089 --> 00:36:31.097 End Credit In 0.39... 00:36:31.097 --> 00:36:31.104 End Credit In 0.38... 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--> 00:36:31.291 End Credit In 0.19... 00:36:31.291 --> 00:36:31.299 End Credit In 0.18... 00:36:31.299 --> 00:36:31.307 End Credit In 0.17... 00:36:31.307 --> 00:36:31.315 End Credit In 0.16... 00:36:31.315 --> 00:36:31.331 End Credit In 0.15... 00:36:31.331 --> 00:36:31.339 End Credit In 0.14... 00:36:31.339 --> 00:36:31.347 End Credit In 0.13... 00:36:31.347 --> 00:36:31.354 End Credit In 0.13... 00:36:31.354 --> 00:36:31.362 End Credit In 0.12... 00:36:31.362 --> 00:36:31.370 End Credit In 0.11... 00:36:31.370 --> 00:36:31.378 End Credit In 0.10... 00:36:31.378 --> 00:36:31.385 End Credit In 0.09... 00:36:31.385 --> 00:36:31.393 End Credit In 0.08... 00:36:31.393 --> 00:36:31.401 End Credit In 0.07... 00:36:31.401 --> 00:36:31.409 End Credit In 0.06... 00:36:31.409 --> 00:36:31.416 End Credit In 0.05... 00:36:31.416 --> 00:36:31.424 End Credit In 0.05... 00:36:31.424 --> 00:36:31.432 End Credit In 0.04... 00:36:31.432 --> 00:36:31.440 End Credit In 0.03... 00:36:31.440 --> 00:36:31.448 End Credit In 0.03... 00:36:31.448 --> 00:36:31.456 End Credit In 0.02... 00:36:31.456 --> 00:36:31.472 End Credit In 0.01... 00:36:33.306 --> 00:36:33.926 𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐑𝐀𝐅𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐘 𝐌𝐄𝐋𝐎𝐃𝐘𝐒𝐇𝐄𝐄𝐏 00:36:33.926 --> 00:36:33.957 ᴄ 𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐑𝐀𝐅𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐘 𝐌𝐄𝐋𝐎𝐃𝐘𝐒𝐇𝐄𝐄𝐏 00:36:33.957 --> 00:36:33.988 ᴄᴀ 𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐑𝐀𝐅𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐘 𝐌𝐄𝐋𝐎𝐃𝐘𝐒𝐇𝐄𝐄𝐏 00:36:33.988 --> 00:36:34.019 ᴄᴀᴘ 𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐑𝐀𝐅𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐘 𝐌𝐄𝐋𝐎𝐃𝐘𝐒𝐇𝐄𝐄𝐏 00:36:34.019 --> 00:36:34.051 ᴄᴀᴘᴛ 𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐑𝐀𝐅𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐘 𝐌𝐄𝐋𝐎𝐃𝐘𝐒𝐇𝐄𝐄𝐏 00:36:34.051 --> 00:36:34.082 ᴄᴀᴘᴛɪ 𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐑𝐀𝐅𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐘 𝐌𝐄𝐋𝐎𝐃𝐘𝐒𝐇𝐄𝐄𝐏 00:36:34.082 --> 00:36:34.113 ᴄᴀᴘᴛɪᴏ 𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐑𝐀𝐅𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐘 𝐌𝐄𝐋𝐎𝐃𝐘𝐒𝐇𝐄𝐄𝐏 00:36:34.113 --> 00:36:34.144 ᴄᴀᴘᴛɪᴏɴ ᴇ 𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐑𝐀𝐅𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐘 𝐌𝐄𝐋𝐎𝐃𝐘𝐒𝐇𝐄𝐄𝐏 00:36:34.144 --> 00:36:34.176 ᴄᴀᴘᴛɪᴏɴɪ ᴇʀ 𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐑𝐀𝐅𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐘 𝐌𝐄𝐋𝐎𝐃𝐘𝐒𝐇𝐄𝐄𝐏 00:36:34.176 --> 00:36:34.207 ᴄᴀᴘᴛɪᴏɴɪs ᴇʀɴ 𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐑𝐀𝐅𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐘 𝐌𝐄𝐋𝐎𝐃𝐘𝐒𝐇𝐄𝐄𝐏 NOTE Paragraph 00:36:34.207 --> 00:36:34.238 ᴄᴀᴘᴛɪᴏɴɪsᴛ ᴇʀɴᴇ 𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐑𝐀𝐅𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐘 𝐌𝐄𝐋𝐎𝐃𝐘𝐒𝐇𝐄𝐄𝐏 00:36:34.238 --> 00:36:34.269 ᴄᴀᴘᴛɪᴏɴɪsᴛ : ᴇʀɴᴇs ᴇ 𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐑𝐀𝐅𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐘 𝐌𝐄𝐋𝐎𝐃𝐘𝐒𝐇𝐄𝐄𝐏 00:36:34.269 --> 00:36:34.301 ᴄᴀᴘᴛɪᴏɴɪsᴛ : ᴇʀɴᴇsʀ ᴇʀ 𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐑𝐀𝐅𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐘 𝐌𝐄𝐋𝐎𝐃𝐘𝐒𝐇𝐄𝐄𝐏 00:36:34.301 --> 00:36:34.332 ᴄᴀᴘᴛɪᴏɴɪsᴛ : ᴇʀɴᴇsʀʏ ᴇʀɪ 𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐑𝐀𝐅𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐘 𝐌𝐄𝐋𝐎𝐃𝐘𝐒𝐇𝐄𝐄𝐏 00:36:34.332 --> 00:36:34.363 ᴄᴀᴘᴛɪᴏɴɪsᴛ : ᴇʀɴᴇsʀʏs ᴇʀɪᴄ ᴋ 𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐑𝐀𝐅𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐘 𝐌𝐄𝐋𝐎𝐃𝐘𝐒𝐇𝐄𝐄𝐏 00:36:34.363 --> 00:36:34.394 ᴄᴀᴘᴛɪᴏɴɪsᴛ : ᴇʀɴᴇsʀʏsᴛ ᴇʀɪᴄᴋ ᴋɪ 𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐑𝐀𝐅𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐘 𝐌𝐄𝐋𝐎𝐃𝐘𝐒𝐇𝐄𝐄𝐏 00:36:34.394 --> 00:36:34.426 ᴄᴀᴘᴛɪᴏɴɪsᴛ : ᴇʀɴᴇsʀʏsᴛ ᴊ ᴇʀɪᴄᴋ s ᴋɪʟ 𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐑𝐀𝐅𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐘 𝐌𝐄𝐋𝐎𝐃𝐘𝐒𝐇𝐄𝐄𝐏 00:36:34.426 --> 00:36:34.457 ᴄᴀᴘᴛɪᴏɴɪsᴛ : ᴇʀɴᴇsʀʏsᴛ ᴊᴀ ᴇʀɪᴄᴋ sᴏ ᴋɪʟʟ 𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐑𝐀𝐅𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐘 𝐌𝐄𝐋𝐎𝐃𝐘𝐒𝐇𝐄𝐄𝐏 00:36:34.457 --> 00:36:34.488 ᴄᴀᴘᴛɪᴏɴɪsᴛ : ᴇʀɴᴇsʀʏsᴛ ᴊᴀᴄ ᴇʀɪᴄᴋ sᴏᴀ ᴋɪʟʟᴇ 𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐑𝐀𝐅𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐘 𝐌𝐄𝐋𝐎𝐃𝐘𝐒𝐇𝐄𝐄𝐏 00:36:34.488 --> 00:36:34.519 ᴄᴀᴘᴛɪᴏɴɪsᴛ : ᴇʀɴᴇsʀʏsᴛ ᴊᴀᴄᴋ ᴇʀɪᴄᴋ sᴏᴀʀ ᴋɪʟʟᴇʀ 𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐑𝐀𝐅𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐘 𝐌𝐄𝐋𝐎𝐃𝐘𝐒𝐇𝐄𝐄𝐏 00:36:34.519 --> 00:36:34.551 ᴄᴀᴘᴛɪᴏɴɪsᴛ : ᴇʀɴᴇsʀʏsᴛ ᴊᴀᴄᴋɪ ᴇʀɪᴄᴋ sᴏᴀʀᴇ ᴋɪʟʟᴇʀɢ 𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐑𝐀𝐅𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐘 𝐌𝐄𝐋𝐎𝐃𝐘𝐒𝐇𝐄𝐄𝐏 00:36:34.551 --> 00:36:34.582 ᴄᴀᴘᴛɪᴏɴɪsᴛ : ᴇʀɴᴇsʀʏsᴛ ᴊᴀᴄᴋɪɴ ᴇʀɪᴄᴋ sᴏᴀʀᴇs ᴋɪʟʟᴇʀɢʜ 𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐑𝐀𝐅𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐘 𝐌𝐄𝐋𝐎𝐃𝐘𝐒𝐇𝐄𝐄𝐏 00:36:34.582 --> 00:36:34.613 ᴄᴀᴘᴛɪᴏɴɪsᴛ : ᴇʀɴᴇsʀʏsᴛ ᴊᴀᴄᴋɪɴɴ ᴇʀɪᴄᴋ sᴏᴀʀᴇs ꜰ ᴋɪʟʟᴇʀɢʜᴏ 𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐑𝐀𝐅𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐘 𝐌𝐄𝐋𝐎𝐃𝐘𝐒𝐇𝐄𝐄𝐏 00:36:34.613 --> 00:36:34.644 ᴄᴀᴘᴛɪᴏɴɪsᴛ : ᴇʀɴᴇsʀʏsᴛ ᴊᴀᴄᴋɪɴɴ ᴇʀɪᴄᴋ sᴏᴀʀᴇs ꜰɪ ᴋɪʟʟᴇʀɢʜᴏᴜ 𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐑𝐀𝐅𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐘 𝐌𝐄𝐋𝐎𝐃𝐘𝐒𝐇𝐄𝐄𝐏 00:36:34.644 --> 00:36:34.676 ᴄᴀᴘᴛɪᴏɴɪsᴛ : ᴇʀɴᴇsʀʏsᴛ ᴊᴀᴄᴋɪɴɴ ᴇʀɪᴄᴋ sᴏᴀʀᴇs ꜰɪɢ ᴋɪʟʟᴇʀɢʜᴏᴜʟ 𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐑𝐀𝐅𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐘 𝐌𝐄𝐋𝐎𝐃𝐘𝐒𝐇𝐄𝐄𝐏 00:36:34.676 --> 00:36:34.707 ᴄᴀᴘᴛɪᴏɴɪsᴛ : ᴇʀɴᴇsʀʏsᴛ ᴊᴀᴄᴋɪɴɴ ᴇʀɪᴄᴋ sᴏᴀʀᴇs ꜰɪɢᴜ ᴋɪʟʟᴇʀɢʜᴏᴜʟ 𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐑𝐀𝐅𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐘 𝐌𝐄𝐋𝐎𝐃𝐘𝐒𝐇𝐄𝐄𝐏 00:36:34.707 --> 00:36:34.738 ᴄᴀᴘᴛɪᴏɴɪsᴛ : ᴇʀɴᴇsʀʏsᴛ ᴊᴀᴄᴋɪɴɴ ᴇʀɪᴄᴋ sᴏᴀʀᴇs ꜰɪɢᴜᴇ ᴋɪʟʟᴇʀɢʜᴏᴜʟ 𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐑𝐀𝐅𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐘 𝐌𝐄𝐋𝐎𝐃𝐘𝐒𝐇𝐄𝐄𝐏 00:36:34.738 --> 00:36:34.769 ᴄᴀᴘᴛɪᴏɴɪsᴛ : ᴇʀɴᴇsʀʏsᴛ ᴊᴀᴄᴋɪɴɴ ᴇʀɪᴄᴋ sᴏᴀʀᴇs ꜰɪɢᴜᴇɪ ᴋɪʟʟᴇʀɢʜᴏᴜʟ 𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐑𝐀𝐅𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐘 𝐌𝐄𝐋𝐎𝐃𝐘𝐒𝐇𝐄𝐄𝐏 00:36:34.769 --> 00:36:34.801 ᴄᴀᴘᴛɪᴏɴɪsᴛ : ᴇʀɴᴇsʀʏsᴛ ᴊᴀᴄᴋɪɴɴ ᴇʀɪᴄᴋ sᴏᴀʀᴇs ꜰɪɢᴜᴇɪʀ ᴋɪʟʟᴇʀɢʜᴏᴜʟ 𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐑𝐀𝐅𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐘 𝐌𝐄𝐋𝐎𝐃𝐘𝐒𝐇𝐄𝐄𝐏 00:36:34.801 --> 00:36:34.832 ᴄᴀᴘᴛɪᴏɴɪsᴛ : ᴇʀɴᴇsʀʏsᴛ ᴊᴀᴄᴋɪɴɴ ᴇʀɪᴄᴋ sᴏᴀʀᴇs ꜰɪɢᴜᴇɪʀᴇ ᴋɪʟʟᴇʀɢʜᴏᴜʟ 𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐑𝐀𝐅𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐘 𝐌𝐄𝐋𝐎𝐃𝐘𝐒𝐇𝐄𝐄𝐏 00:36:34.832 --> 00:36:34.863 ᴄᴀᴘᴛɪᴏɴɪsᴛ : ᴇʀɴᴇsʀʏsᴛ ᴊᴀᴄᴋɪɴɴ ᴇʀɪᴄᴋ sᴏᴀʀᴇs ꜰɪɢᴜᴇɪʀᴇᴅ ᴋɪʟʟᴇʀɢʜᴏᴜʟ 𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐑𝐀𝐅𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐘 𝐌𝐄𝐋𝐎𝐃𝐘𝐒𝐇𝐄𝐄𝐏 00:36:34.863 --> 00:36:36.839 ᴄᴀᴘᴛɪᴏɴɪsᴛ : ᴇʀɴᴇsʀʏsᴛ ᴊᴀᴄᴋɪɴɴ ᴇʀɪᴄᴋ sᴏᴀʀᴇs ꜰɪɢᴜᴇɪʀᴇᴅᴏ ᴋɪʟʟᴇʀɢʜᴏᴜʟ 𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐑𝐀𝐅𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐘 𝐌𝐄𝐋𝐎𝐃𝐘𝐒𝐇𝐄𝐄𝐏 00:36:36.839 --> 00:36:40.741 𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐑𝐀𝐅𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐘 𝐌𝐄𝐋𝐎𝐃𝐘𝐒𝐇𝐄𝐄𝐏 00:36:40.741 --> 00:36:42.761 𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐑𝐀𝐅𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐘 𝐌𝐄𝐋𝐎𝐃𝐘𝐒𝐇𝐄𝐄𝐏 Sᴜᴘᴘᴏʀᴛᴇᴅ ʙʏ 00:36:42.761 --> 00:36:48.651 𝐇𝐀𝐍𝐃 𝐂𝐑𝐀𝐅𝐓𝐄𝐃 𝐁𝐘 𝐌𝐄𝐋𝐎𝐃𝐘𝐒𝐇𝐄𝐄𝐏 Sᴜᴘᴘᴏʀᴛᴇᴅ ʙʏ Protocol Labs 00:36:48.651 --> 00:36:49.891 Sᴜᴘᴘᴏʀᴛᴇᴅ ʙʏ Protocol Labs ɴᴀʀʀᴀᴛᴇᴅ ʙʏ 00:36:49.891 --> 00:36:51.261 Protocol Labs ɴᴀʀʀᴀᴛᴇᴅ ʙʏ Will Crowley 00:36:51.261 --> 00:36:52.571 ɴᴀʀʀᴀᴛᴇᴅ ʙʏ Will Crowley ᴄᴏɴᴄᴇᴘᴛ, ᴍᴜsɪᴄ, & ᴠɪsᴜᴀʟs ʙʏ 00:36:52.571 --> 00:36:54.121 Will Crowley ᴄᴏɴᴄᴇᴘᴛ, ᴍᴜsɪᴄ, & ᴠɪsᴜᴀʟs ʙʏ Melodysheep (John D. Boswell) 00:36:54.121 --> 00:36:55.201 ᴄᴏɴᴄᴇᴘᴛ, ᴍᴜsɪᴄ, & ᴠɪsᴜᴀʟs ʙʏ Melodysheep (John D. Boswell) ᴡɪᴛʜ ᴀᴅᴅɪᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ ᴠɪsᴜᴀʟs ʙʏ 00:36:55.201 --> 00:36:56.001 Melodysheep (John D. Boswell) ᴡɪᴛʜ ᴀᴅᴅɪᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ ᴠɪsᴜᴀʟs ʙʏ Lynn Huberty 00:36:56.001 --> 00:36:56.668 ᴡɪᴛʜ ᴀᴅᴅɪᴛɪᴏɴᴀʟ ᴠɪsᴜᴀʟs ʙʏ Lynn Huberty Tim Stupak 00:36:56.668 --> 00:36:57.461 Lynn Huberty Tim Stupak NASA 00:36:57.461 --> 00:36:58.831 Tim Stupak NASA Evolve 00:36:58.831 --> 00:37:00.251 NASA Evolve sᴏᴜɴᴅʙɪᴛᴇs ꜰʀᴏᴍ 00:37:00.251 --> 00:37:01.031 Evolve sᴏᴜɴᴅʙɪᴛᴇs ꜰʀᴏᴍ Nick Lane 00:37:01.031 --> 00:37:01.671 sᴏᴜɴᴅʙɪᴛᴇs ꜰʀᴏᴍ Nick Lane Jonathan Losos 00:37:01.671 --> 00:37:02.471 Nick Lane Jonathan Losos Caleb Scharf 00:37:02.471 --> 00:37:03.161 Jonathan Losos Caleb Scharf Jack Cohen 00:37:03.161 --> 00:37:04.581 Caleb Scharf Jack Cohen Jill Tarter 00:37:04.581 --> 00:37:05.851 Jack Cohen Jill Tarter sᴘᴇᴄɪᴀʟ ᴛʜᴀɴᴋs ᴛᴏ 00:37:05.851 --> 00:37:06.701 Jill Tarter sᴘᴇᴄɪᴀʟ ᴛʜᴀɴᴋs ᴛᴏ Juan Benet 00:37:06.701 --> 00:37:07.464 sᴘᴇᴄɪᴀʟ ᴛʜᴀɴᴋs ᴛᴏ Juan Benet Rowdy Jansen 00:37:07.464 --> 00:37:08.064 Juan Benet Rowdy Jansen Lynn Huberty 00:37:08.064 --> 00:37:08.674 Rowdy Jansen Lynn Huberty Tim Stupak 00:37:08.674 --> 00:37:09.574 Lynn Huberty Tim Stupak Joel Edwards 00:37:09.574 --> 00:37:10.944 Tim Stupak Joel Edwards Melodysheep Patreon supporters 00:37:10.944 --> 00:37:12.194 Joel Edwards Melodysheep Patreon supporters sᴜᴘᴘᴏʀᴛ ᴛʜɪs ᴘʀᴏᴅᴜᴄᴛɪᴏɴ ᴀᴛ 00:37:12.194 --> 00:37:13.644 Melodysheep Patreon supporters sᴜᴘᴘᴏʀᴛ ᴛʜɪs ᴘʀᴏᴅᴜᴄᴛɪᴏɴ ᴀᴛ patreon.com/melodysheep 00:37:13.644 --> 00:37:14.354 sᴜᴘᴘᴏʀᴛ ᴛʜɪs ᴘʀᴏᴅᴜᴄᴛɪᴏɴ ᴀᴛ patreon.com/melodysheep Melodysheep.com 00:37:14.354 --> 00:37:15.054 patreon.com/melodysheep Melodysheep.com Twitter: @musicalscience 00:37:15.054 --> 00:37:16.664 Melodysheep.com Twitter: @musicalscience Instagram: @melodysheep 00:37:16.664 --> 00:37:17.784 Twitter: @musicalscience Instagram: @melodysheep ᵃⁿ 00:37:17.784 --> 00:37:19.124 Instagram: @melodysheep ᵃⁿ Amber Mountain Studios 00:37:19.124 --> 00:37:27.658 ᵃⁿ Amber Mountain Studios ᴘʀᴏᴅᴜᴄᴛɪᴏɴ 00:37:29.584 --> 00:37:37.397 ɴᴇxᴛ ᴏɴ ʟɪꜰᴇ ʙᴇʏᴏɴᴅ: Making contact with intelligent life Intergalactic civilizations Surviving the end of the universe 00:37:39.427 --> 00:37:45.724 sᴏᴜɴᴅᴛʀᴀᴄᴋ ᴄᴏᴍɪɴɢ ᴛᴏ ᴀʟʟ ᴍᴀᴊᴏʀ ᴍᴜsɪᴄ ᴘʟᴀᴛꜰᴏʀᴍs 00:37:46.977 --> 00:37:54.090 sᴜᴘᴘᴏʀᴛ ᴛʜᴇ ɴᴇxᴛ ᴄʜᴀᴘᴛᴇʀ ᴀᴛ: patreon.com/melodysheep