EAHA DM 3.3a: Introduction to the SPHERE Standards - Captions

This is a remix of 3.3a: Introduction to the SPHERE Standards narrated by Roy William Mayega (Makerere University). The original video (without captions) can be found at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fdDs1lUIWjk. This video is part of a learning module from the East Africa HEALTH Alliance called Public Health Emergency Planning and Management for Districts. The full module and the video transcript can be accessed at http://openmi.ch/disaster-mgmt. Copyright 2009-2019 Roy Mayega (Makerere University). The video, transcript, and module are all shared under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) 3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/.

(English captions by Trisha Paul, University of Michigan.)

In this session, you will be introduced to
the SPHERE standards.

A set of guidelines has been developed to
guide decision makers on key issues to consider

in responding to disaster situations.

SPHERE is basically three things.

It is a handbook.

It is a process of collaboration, and an expression
of commitment to quality and accountability

and human rights for people involved in disaster
situations.

The rationale of the SPHERE project is that
it is an international collaboration for consensus

involving standards for disaster response,
a process to create a common language leading

to transparency, accountability and increased quality,
a drive to improve quality and accountability in disaster situations.

The SPHERE manual is laid out in chapters.

Each chapter covers a key area for consideration
in disaster management and it includes minimum

standards, key indicators for those standards,
and guidance notes on what to consider in

preparing to meet these standards.

Please acquire a copy of the SPHERE manual.

The minimum standards section shows the
minimum requirements for the particular area

of consideration.

Key indicators act as signals that determine
whether or not a standard has been attained.

The guidance notes are guidance notes for
implementers that provide additional information

that is useful for actual implementation of
the standards.

These are the contents of the SPHERE manual.

It begins with the humanitarian chapter.

It shows the common standards, that is, standards
common to all disasters.

In our set team, we have adjusted it to mean
standards for response management.

Underneath this, it shows standards for water
supply and sanitation, food security and nutrition

and food aid, shelter and settlement management
of non-food items, the management of health

services in disaster situations.

These standards are mainly applicable for
disasters that result in mass displacement

of people, with people living in camps and
they need assistance in these various areas.

But excerpts of these standards can be used,
can be extracted and used for smaller scale

disaster situations provided they involve
displacement or resettlement of people.

Standards are given for response mechanisms
common to all disasters, that is, response

management.

Water supply, sanitation and hygiene, food
security, nutrition and food-aid, shelter,

settlement and non-food items, and health
services.

The standards also include appendices.

Water Supply and Sanitation Initial Needs
Assessment Checklist is provided there.

Planning guidelines for minimum water quantities
for institutions and other uses, an appendix

is provided.

Water and excreta related diseases and transmission
mechanisms, an appendix is provided.

And the standards also give references.

Examples.

If you have a copy of the manual, check for
the standards.

What is the minimum recommended standard on the
amount of water required per individual per

day?

How much of this is required for drinking?

What is the standard for quality of drinking
water?

What is the standard for sanitation facilities?

What is the standard for water stand-pipes?

What is the standard for distance to water
source among displaced populations?

Water and sanitation.

An average of 15 liters of water for use per day per person,
and includes 2.5-3 liters for drinking and food.

On water quality, the standards specify that
the water should have no fecal coliforms

in every 100 mls.

Other issues: standards have provided for
excreta disposal a maximum of 20 people per

latrine, involvement of the people in planning
the sanitation resources, 250 people per stand

of pipe, and the distance from the dwellings
to the water standpipe should be less than

500 meters.

Other examples.

Refer to your SPHERE standards manual.

With regards to food and nutrition, 2100 kilocalories
per person per day recommended.

With regard to cereals, they need about
14 kilograms per person per month.

Pulses, such as issues like beans, peas, about
2.4 kilograms per person per month.

Oil 0.8 kilograms per person per month.

And the corn soya blend (CSB) 1.6 Kg per person
per month.

Remember the vulnerable people!

This is an example of a planned shelter as
a standard.

In summary, Sphere is based on qualitative
and quantitative standards.

The standards are universal in nature.

The standards are a summary of five capabilities
that are important in the management of disasters

that evoke the mass displacement of people.

These include general response management,
or standards common to all disasters, shelter,

provisions for water and sanitation, provisions
for health, and provisions for food and nutrition.