-
So this is Daniel's question:
-
"Do the Scriptures teach that
-
two separate judgments will occur
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between the Gospel age
-
and the age to come?
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Before coming to any conclusion
on my eschatology,
-
I am not a dispensationalist,
-
I am an amillenialist
(with a smiley face).
-
The reason why I am prompted
-
to ask this question is because
-
according to Hebrews 9:27..."
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So let's all turn to Hebrews 9:27.
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"Do Scriptures teach that
-
two separate judgments will occur
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between the Gospel age
and the age to come?"
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And he's asking that question
-
because he feels like,
-
according to Hebrews 9:27,
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and if you have your Bibles open
-
to Hebrews 9:27,
-
you see that it says,
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"And just as it is appointed
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for man to die once,
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and after that comes judgment."
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And Daniel says,
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"Just as it is appointed
for man to die once
-
and after that comes the judgment,
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in the text after the words 'die once,'
-
it says, 'and after.'
-
It sounds like the Apostle Paul
-
is stating..."
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(I take issue with you on Apostle Paul)...
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Anyway, the author of Hebrews.
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Daniel is saying that it sounds like
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it's stating that after the death
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of an individual,
-
saved or lost,
-
judgment will occur right after.
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Yet, you go to Revelation 20:11-15.
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So keep your finger here and
go to Revelation 20.
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Verse 11-15
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"Then I saw a great white throne,
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and Him who is seated on it,
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from His presence, earth and sky fled away
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and no place was found for them.
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And I saw the dead, great and small,
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standing before the throne,
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and books were opened,
-
then another book was opened,
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which is the Book of Life.
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And the dead were judged
by what was written
-
in the books.
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According to what
they had done.
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And the sea gave
up the dead
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who were in it.
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Death and Hades
gave up the dead
-
who were in them.
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And they were judged,
each one of them,
-
according to what they had done.
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Then Death and Hades were thrown
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into the lake of fire.
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This is the second death.
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The lake of fire.
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And if anyone's name was not found
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written in the Book of Life,
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he was thrown into the lake of fire."
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So, Daniel says, "yet, you go
to Revelation 20:11-15,
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which this passage is notoriously known as
-
the Great White Throne Judgment."
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I don't think you have to say notoriously.
-
Because obviously the text does say
-
there's a great white throne
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and there's a judgment.
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Why do you say notorious?
-
Daniel: Perhaps in other translations
-
it words that particular
passage differently,
-
so just to give a general
title on that passage
-
was the Great White Throne Judgment.
-
Because on my translation
it doesn't say that.
-
Tim: On your translation it what?
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Daniel: It says judgment
at the throne of God.
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Tim: Yeah, mine says the Great
White Throne Judgement.
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I mean, I have a heading.
-
I recognize it's not inspired, but...
-
I don't think we have to be so notorious,
-
because it is a judgment that happens
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at the great white throne.
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It speaks about another judgment
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involving the dead.
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The Book of Life, books being opened,
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being judged for our works,
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and Death and Hades being
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thrown into the lake of fire.
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This judgment will occur
at the end of the age.
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How do you properly interpret
-
both of these passages?
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So, basically, his question is this.
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It sounds like there's
a judgment at the end,
-
but it sounds like there's
a judgment immediately
-
after death as well.
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Well, ok, let's go back to Hebrews 9:27.
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Because Daniel was basically
-
going off of what Hebrews 9:27
sounds like it's saying
-
when taken all by itself.
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But it's really important that that text
-
be taken in its context.
-
Because the author of Hebrews is not
-
primarily talking about
death and judgment.
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He's primarily talking about Christ
-
and His one sacrifice.
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Let's just pick up at Hebrews 9:22.
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"Indeed, under the law, almost everything
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is purified with blood."
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So under Moses, God designed it
-
so that blood was necessary for much
-
of the ceremonial purification
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that took place.
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"And without the shedding of blood,
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there is no forgiveness of sins.
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Thus, it was necessary for the copies
-
of the heavenly things..."
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The copies.
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The stuff that happened
-
under Moses were copies.
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Christ is the reality.
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"It was necessary for the copies
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of the heavenly things to be purified
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with these rights."
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In other words, with blood rights.
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"But the heavenly things..."
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In other words, the things that
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pertain to Christ and His one offering.
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"The heavenly things themselves
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with better sacrifices than these."
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Why, because they were animals.
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They were animal sacrifices.
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It was animal blood.
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The blood of bulls and goats
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does not do anything for sin.
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Verse 24
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"For Christ has entered,
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not into holy places made with hands,
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not like the copies,
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which are copies of the true things,
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but into heaven itself,
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now to appear in the presence of God
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on our behalf.
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Nor was it to offer Himself repeatedly
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as the high priest enters the holy places
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every year with blood not his own.
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For then, He would have
had to suffer repeatedly."
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So, he's arguing here.
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Christ did not have to suffer repeatedly.
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"It wasn't to offer Himself repeatedly."
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Why did those have
to be offered repeatedly?
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Because they never accomplished anything.
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There was never any removal of sin.
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So, they had to
keep coming back;
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keep coming back;
keep coming back.
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And you remember, one
of the arguments made
-
is that these guys stood
daily in the temple.
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When Jesus was done, He sat down.
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There were no chairs in the temple.
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"He would have had to suffer repeatedly
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since the foundation of the world.
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But, as it is, He has
appeared once for all
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at the end of the ages, to put away sin
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by the sacrifice of Himself."
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Now, notice this.
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Everything has been about Christ
-
and His offering.
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"And just as..."
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Now, you need to notice that.
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Just as...
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"Just as it is appointed
for man to die once
-
and after that comes judgment..."
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Just like that happens.
-
Just as man dies, and then after that
-
is the judgment,
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"so Christ having been offered once
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to bear the sins of many,
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will appear a second time."
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Do you see the parallel?
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Man dies - then the judgment,
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is parallel to
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Christ dying in His offering,
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and then returning the second time.
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Well, I would ask this:
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is Christ's second coming immediately
-
after He offered Himself?
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Because that's the parallel.
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Well, no.
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It's a long time later.
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And so because those are the two things
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being compared there,
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there would be no sense,
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there would be no reason,
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there would be nothing
about the parallel
-
that would require us to say,
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oh, the judgment must be immediately
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after death.
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Do you see what I'm saying?
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So, taken in context,
-
and then we'll pick up verse 28,
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"So, Christ having been offered
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once to bear the sins of many,
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will appear a second time,
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not to deal with sin,
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but to save those who are
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eagerly waiting for Him."
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I would just give you a text
-
maybe we could look at very quickly
-
before we move
on to the second question.
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Jump over to 2 Peter.
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2 Peter 2 has the classic text,
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in my estimation,
-
on the intermediate state.
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By intermediate state,
I mean when people die,
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what happens between
death and the judgment.
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And notice what's being said here.
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2 Peter 2:4
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"For if God did not spare angels
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when they sinned, but
cast them into hell..."
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So you see what's happened.
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The angels sinned.
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Cast into hell.
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Well, you say, wait,
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some of those angels are fallen
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and they're running around still.
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Well, it seems like Scripture teaches
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that some were cast away.
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Some are not allowed...
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I'm not here to talk
about the angels so much.
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But, cast them into hell,
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and notice this - the intermediate state,
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from the time they sinned
-
until the judgment.
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"Committed them to
chains of gloomy darkness,
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to be kept until the judgment."
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You see, they weren't judged immediately.
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They're put in a holding tank, as it were.
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Now you say, ok, that's
talking about angels.
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That's not talking about people.
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Ok.
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Peter talks about people when he gets
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down to verse 9.
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"The Lord knows how to rescue
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the godly from trials."
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And notice this.
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"And to keep the unrighteous
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under punishment until
the day of judgment."
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You see that?
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Not only angels, but men too,
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are kept under punishment.
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There is a place of punishment.
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There's a place of holding.
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It doesn't say that they were
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immediately judged.
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It says that they're being
kept until the judgment.
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Does that make sense?
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So, I think we see that
-
no, there isn't more than one judgement.
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You have the judgment at the end.
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You know what's interesting.
-
Notice the parallel in
9:27 and 9:28 of Hebrews.
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It is man dies, then he's judged.
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Christ offers Himself
once, then He returns.
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Well, in His offering, He died.
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In His return, we have the judgment.
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That's what Scripture teaches.
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To give you just a portion of Scripture
-
that gives this, I think,
-
in very distinct clarity
-
is Romans 2.
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Why don't we look at one more text
-
before we move on?
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Romans 2
-
The Apostle Paul says in verse 1,
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"Therefore, you have
no excuse, O man,
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every one of you who judges.
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For in passing judgment on another,
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you condemn yourself,
because you, the judge
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practice the very same things."
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Verse 2,
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"We know that the
judgment of God rightly falls
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on those who do such things.
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Do you suppose, O man, you who judge
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those who do such things,
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and yet do them yourself,
-
that you will escape the judgment of God?
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Or do you presume on the riches
-
of His kindness and forebearance
-
and patience, not
knowing that God's kindness
-
is meant to lead you to repentance?"
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Verse 5 is where Judgment
Day is introduced to us.
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"But, because of your hard
and impenitent heart,
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you are storing up wrath for yourself
-
on the day of wrath when God's righteous
-
judgment will be revealed."
-
See that? There's a day.
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There's not two days.
-
There's not several days.
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There's one day.
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And notice, on the one day,
-
everybody's there.
-
Verse 6
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"He will render to each one
according to his works.
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On the one hand, to those who by patience
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and well doing seek for glory and honor
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and immortality, He
will give eternal life."
-
There's the Christian on Judgment Day.
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"But for those who are self-seeking
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and do not obey the truth,
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but obey unrighteousness,
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there will be wrath and fury.
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There will be tribulation and distress
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for every human being who does evil.
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The Jew first and also the Greek.
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But glory and honor and peace
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for everyone who does good,
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the Jew first and also the Greek,
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for God shows no partiality."
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And you know, you may remember
-
Matthew 25 as well.
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What happens when Jesus comes?
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You remember the Son of Man,
-
He comes and He sits.
-
We looked at that
when we were
-
going through the
eschatology series.
-
He sits down.
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And He gathers the nations before Him,
-
and He divides them,
-
like a shepherd divides
-
the sheep and the goats.
-
You've got everybody there.
-
It's all at one time.
-
It's all in one day.
-
You have the righteous
and the unrighteous,
-
and in the very last verse of Matthew 25,
-
you have those on His right,
-
they pass off into eternal life,
-
those on his left,
-
into eternal punishment.
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So any questions or comments on that?
-
(from the room)
-
So is it right to say that right now
-
the wicked are under the wrath of God
-
in punishment?
-
Or I guess I'm just thinking as far as
-
Romans 2 how specifically it's saying
-
storing up wrath for a day of wrath
-
when God's righteous
judgment will be revealed.
-
It kind of makes it sound like,
-
like the rich man, they're under flames
-
and torment right now,
-
but could that also be the wrath of God?
-
Tim: In Romans 1,
-
we see that the wrath of God
-
is already revealed.
-
And one of the ways it's revealed
-
is God is giving up people
-
to hardness and to sin.
-
Because they are going after idols,
-
and they are going after
these lusts and everything.
-
God is giving them up.
-
And so, we know that man by nature,
-
they're called children of wrath.
-
Obviously if you're put
in a place of punishment,
-
that's not like absent of wrath.
-
But I guess the picture that you have
-
is not so much
exclusive to all other days.
-
Not like the Day of
Judgment is the day of wrath
-
and there's no other days of wrath.
-
It's just a culmination of wrath
-
I think is the way you'd
want to look at it.
-
Because clearly, we are under
-
the wrath of God by nature.
-
And clearly, being put in flames
-
like Lazarus and Dives
you have there in Luke 16.
-
And some people would
say that's a parable,
-
but 2 Peter is no parable.
-
2 Peter talks about them being kept
-
under punishment.
-
That punishment obviously
-
is an expression of wrath.
-
Is it going to get worse?
-
Is the wrath going to increase?
-
The second death is the lake of fire.
-
And yet, if we take Dives in Luke 16
-
as being an actual account,
-
which I tend to think it is,
-
I don't think it's parabolic.
-
But some people do.
-
But if you ever get into that debate,
-
you just run over to 2 Peter.
-
Some people want to argue for soul sleep.
-
There's various things
that people want to say.
-
I think there's wrath now
-
and I think it just culminates.
-
The only way out,
-
the only way to be
saved from the wrath
-
is to be under the blood,
-
whether it's now or later.
-
(from the room)
-
So whether there's
a degree of wrath
-
that's greater than
the lake of fire or not,
-
... you don't want either.
-
Tim: Everybody that's already died
-
before Judgment Day is obviously
-
going to pulled from
this place of punishment
-
and brought before the Judge,
-
and then Jesus describes that.
-
Depart from Me, you workers of iniquity.
-
And they're cast away
-
into the outer darkness.
-
The lake of fire.
-
Ok. Any other questions or comments
-
or observations about that?
-
(from the room)
-
So then, that's for the unbeliever.
-
For the believer then, when they die,
-
they go to be with the Lord.
-
Tim: This day, you'll be
with Me in paradise.
-
And yet, on Judgment Day,
they are brought forward.
-
But for them, it's like it
says there in Romans 2,
-
there's eternal life.
-
Well done, good and faithful servant.
-
(from the room)
-
So they're with the Lord,
-
and then there is a bodily resurrection...
-
Tim: That's the thing,
-
the bodily resurrection
does not take place
-
until the judgment.
-
There's this resurrection of judgment.
-
There's a resurrection of life.
-
And that happens on the last day.
-
That happens when we get to the end.
-
And so, there's mysteries.
-
There's no question about it.
-
This day you'll be with Me in paradise.
-
There was Moses and Elijah up
-
on the Mount of Transfiguration.
-
It's like the disciples
knew who they were.
-
Well, were they body-less?
-
Were they phantoms?
-
No, that's not the idea that you get.
-
But ok, what's the deal with Elijah?
-
Where's his body at?
-
He didn't even die.
-
I mean, I don't know.
-
I don't have all the answers,
and all the answers aren't given to us.
-
But we do know this,
-
that the general resurrection
-
is going to happen there at the last day.
-
And a classic text on
that is found in John 5.
-
If you want to look there quickly.
-
John 5
-
A tremendous chapter of Scripture.
-
Anyway, if you go to John 5:25.
-
"Truly, truly, I say to you,
-
an hour is coming and is now here
-
when the dead will hear the voice..."
-
It's now here.
-
When He was talking.
-
"When the dead will hear
the voice of the Son of God."
-
That's salvation.
-
That's hearing His voice.
-
Having ears to hear the Gospel
-
and to believe and trust Him.
-
"Those who hear will live."
-
They're given eternal
life when they believe.
-
"For as the Father
has life in Himself,
-
so He has granted the Son also
-
to have life in Himself,
-
and He has given Him authority
-
to execute judgment because
-
He is the Son of Man."
-
And He says this,
-
He's going to argue one
case with another case.
-
"Do not marvel at this."
-
Don't marvel that when I speak,
-
I'm able to bring
people to life spiritually.
-
"For an hour is coming when all
-
who are in the tomb..."
-
All.
-
Not just good; not just bad.
-
All.
-
"...who are in the tombs,
will hear His voice,
-
and come out.
-
On the one hand, those
who have done good,
-
to the resurrection of life,
-
those who have done evil,
-
to the resurrection of judgment."
-
So you see that reality there.
-
One general resurrection
of the living and the dead.
-
One general judgment, so says Romans 2
-
and Matthew 25 and so on.